Paweł Łukowski

Warsaw University of Technology · Faculty of Civil Engineering

The phenomenon of concrete carbonation is related to the physical and chemical processes occurring in concrete under the influence of carbon dioxide. Carbonation of concrete of reinforcement cover is one of the main causes of reduction of durability of reinforced concrete structures. The article discusses the physical and chemical mechanisms of the...

The article presents an in-depth analysis of the mechanism leading to protective coating failure and concrete corrosion in the wastewater treatment plant. Losses of protective epoxy coatings over large areas and deep concrete deteriorations with a maximum depth exceeding 2 cm were found after just 2 years of service on the concrete elements of pre-...

In recent years, a nano-modification of the cement composites allowed to develop a number of new materials. The use of even small amount of nano-admixture makes possible not only to improve the physico-mechanical properties of the cement materials, but also to obtain the composite with high usability, optimised for the given application. The basic...

This paper presents a method of utilising ilmenite MUD created during the production of titanium dioxide (TiO2) according to the sulphate method as an additive for Portland cement composites. After the production process, undissolved MUD was additionally rinsed with water and filtrated in the factory to make it more useful (R-MUD) for implementatio...

Storing waste in concrete instead of landfills is environmentally friendly and also might make concrete more sustainable if some part is replaced with cement. This article presents a new way of valorising hazardous waste, namely ilmenite MUD from the production of titanium dioxide, which is used as a reactive additive to concrete. In fact, there ar...

Resistance to degradation contributes greatly to the durability of materials. The chemical resistance of polymer-cement composites is not yet fully recognized. The goal of the research presented in this paper was to assess the performance of polymer-cement mortars under sulphate aggression, as compared to unmodified cement mortar. Mortars with poly...

The idea of sustainable development assumes that natural resources must be treated as limited goods and that waste must be managed rationally. This idea and the constant striving to reduce production costs make the use of waste materials as substitutes for traditionally used raw materials from non-renewable sources increasingly popular. In cement c...

Streszczenie: Technologia "białej wanny" jest powszechnie znana i coraz częściej stosowana w Polsce. Niewątpliwą zaletą tego rozwiązania jest hydroizolacja bezpowłokowa, czyli brak dodatkowej warstwy uszczelniającej. "Biała wanna" wykonywana jest przede wszystkim w miejscach, w których konstrukcja ma być szczelna. Najczęściej są to elementy obiektó...

The organoleptic examination proves a significant degree of structural disintegration of concrete - some loosely embedded aggregate grains easily fall out when touched. The vertical range of the above changes includes a zone up to approx. 60 cm above the wastewater level, i.e. thea zone of fluctuations in the level of wastewater and a spray-gas zon...

Praca dotyczy wpływu odpadu powstającego przy produkcji i stosowaniu perlitu ekspandowanego na trwałość budowlanych kompozytów polimerowych w warunkach agresji chemicznej.

This paper presents a part of wider science work witch aim was to determine a possibility of valorisation industrial waste (ilmenite MUD) generated during the production of titanium white as an additive for concrete. Trying to use a waste as an substitute of a part of cement in concrete suits the idea of sustainable development of construction. Ar...

Article presents the results of tests which aim was to determine the possibility of use a waste from the production of titanium dioxide as an additive for concrete. (Presented tests were carried out as a part of larger project witch aim was the evaluation of the valorization of the waste material from the production of titanium white as an active a...

The increasing concern for safety and sustainability of structures is calling for the development of smart self‐healing materials and preventive repair methods. The appearance of small cracks (<300 µm in width) in concrete is almost unavoidable, not necessarily causing a risk of collapse for the structure, but surely impairing its functionality, ac...

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of waste perlite powder quantity on rheological properties of polymer–cement mortar mixture. Influence of dosing sequence of waste perlite powder on mortar mixture properties was especially taken into consideration. In the research, eight mortar mixtures were prepared using different quantities...

The paper deals with the influence of addition of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) on the frost resistance of concrete. GGBS is a valuable modifier of concrete, having the latent hydraulic properties and particularly improving the chemical resistance of concrete. However, the performance of concretes with blast-furnace slag under freezin...

The aim of the presented research was to determine the influence of cement substitution with calcareous fly ash on the mechanical properties of polymer-cement composites. Coal combustion products such as calcareous fly ash have been already used in traditional cement composites as a part of cement and considered potential additions for concrete but...

Podczas prób zastosowania odpadów w charakterze nowych, reaktywnych dodatków do betonu obserwuje się przede wszystkim ich wpływ na cechy użytkowe kompozytu. Dodanie niewielkiej ilości odpadu do matrycy cementowej może działać pozytywnie natomiast stopniowe zwiększanie jego udziału często skutkuje spadkiem wartości niektórych cech użytkowych. Powsta...

Polymer-cement composites (PCCs) are materials in which the polymer and mineral binder create an interpenetrating network and co-operate, significantly improving the performance of the material. On the other hand, the need for the utilization of waste materials is a demand of sustainable construction. Various mineral powders, such as fly ash or bla...

The article presents the results of preliminary studies to show the possibility of the safe use of hazardous industrial waste as a reactive additive to concrete. There were no earlier attempts to exploit this, by-product in this way. Attempting to waste management is part of the foundation for sustainable development of the construction industry.

Introduction of polymers into the cement composites improves same of the properties of concretes and mortars. Therefore, the polymer-cement composites are successfully used in construction. The model of microstructure formation in cement composites modified with thermoplastic polymer (pre-mix modifiers) has already been developed and successfully i...

Chemical admixtures are one of the basic components of the contemporary concrete. The most important admixtures are superplasticizers, i.e. the modifiers which allow for high-range reducing of the water content in the concrete mix. The most effective superplasticizers are based on polycarboxylates and their derivatives. The state of the art in the...

In the recent years structural health monitoring (SHM) has gathered spectacular attention in civil engineering applications. Application of such composites enable to improve the safety and performance of structures. Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to development of new family of sensors - self-sensing materials. These materials enable to...

Waste PET can be reused as partial or complete substitute of an aggregate in a concrete composition or as a concrete reinforcement. However, the main drawback of such applications is the hydrolysis of ester linkages of poly(ethylene terephthalate) in highly alkaline environment of the cement matrix. To prevent alkaline hydrolysis, the PET fibres we...

In the last decade nanomaterials due to their unique physical and chemical properties, have attracted the interest of researchers to fabricate new building materials with novel functions. One of the most referred to and used cementitious nanosized materials is nanosilica (nSiO2). Although the number of publications devoted to the influence of nanos...

The paper deals with corrosion resistance of cement mortars with various amounts of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS). The mortars were tested in the environment containing acids and sulphates corresponding to the aggressive factors acting on concrete in agricultural areas. The strength development of the composites with GGBS is slower; h...

This paper presents data on engineering properties such as compressive strength, water absorption, expansion and visual change of mortar specimens incorporating GGBS addition, subjected to severe sulfate attack. Full text available at: http://www.engineersjournal.ie/2015/10/27/the-role-of-aluminium-oxide-content-of-ggbs-on-concrete-in-exposure-to-...

In this paper there are presented results of research carried out for establishing the most favourable scenario of curing of the Polymer-Cement Concrete (PCC). The general recommendations for PCC point to the need of alternating conditions of curing of PCC. Polymer-cement concrete should be first cured in the wet conditions for effective hydration...

The polymer concretes characterize with very high chemical resistance, achieved through the use of high-quality polymers and aggregates. The paper discusses the possibility of using the waste perlite powder, the very fine by-product of manufacturing and use of expanded perlite, as the component of polyester concrete (PC), in terms of the durability...

The introduction of the sustainable development elements in the construction industry leads to finding new ways of using waste minerals that are difficult in storage and recycling. Coal combustion products have been already introduced into building materials as a part of cement or concrete but they have been thought insufficiently compatible with t...

In the paper the results of experiments on concrete pavement with exposed aggregate technology placed in two technological layers were presented. The following properties were measured: compressive strength, flexural strength by two methods: two-point loading and centre-point loading, tensile splitting strength of cubic and cylindrical samples. The...

Przedstawiono najważniejsze aspekty techniczne stosowania betonu samozagęszczalnego SCC, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem budownictwa mostowego. Omówiono zalety i wady tego betonu, skazując obszary, w których jego stosowanie jest szczególnie polecane. Podano wyniki analizy szacunkowych kosztów zastosowania SCC. "About conditions of using self-compact...

The paper deals with possibility of use of waste perlite powder as a microfiller in the building polymer composites. The perlite powder influences the technological properties of the polymer mixes, while the mechanical properties of the hardened composite are not significantly affected. The obtained results confirm the possibility of rational use o...

Artykuł dotyczy wpływu odpadu powstającego przy produkcji i stosowaniu perlitu ekspandowanego na trwałość budowlanych kompozytów polimerowych w warunkach agresji chemicznej. Odpadowy pył perlitowy jest bardzo uciążliwy w użyciu i przechowywaniu – między innymi ze względu na jego bardzo małą gęstość nasypową. Substytucja części mikrowypełniacza w ko...

Modern air-entraining admixtures for concrete Frost action is one of the most significant factors, limiting the durability of concrete in the climate, in which it undergoes to repeating cycles of freezing and thawing. The effective measure for making concrete frost-resistant is use of air-entraining admixtures. They cause the change in the material...

Self-repairing means ability to the total or partial recovering of the properties which were worsened as a consequence of damage of the material. The subject of the paper is evaluation of ability to self-repair of a cement composite modified with epoxy resin without a hardener. The methodology of investigation of self-repairing building materials,...

Polymer-cement concretes are known and used for more than fifty years, but their particularly intensive development has been observed in the last decade. The polymer added to the Portland cement can co-operate with the cement binder. This causes significant changes in both technological and use properties of the composite. The vast majority of thes...

Polymer-cement composites (PCC) are quick developing and largely used group of the building materials. The problem of the quantitative definition of continuity threshold of the polymer phase in the composite is one of the problems involved with PCC. The subject of the paper is verification and justification of the continuity threshold of the polyme...

The search for durable and sustainable construction materials inspires the developments in the world of cement concrete, as well as in the world of concrete–polymer composites. Both worlds recognize, strive for and accept each other’s contribution to the synergetic effects that are realized by the combination of classical building materials and pol...

The objective of this project was the development of a method for the design and optimization of polymer concrete composites, using a fundamental approach based on material models of polymer concrete. The important technical properties and the statistical evaluation of the heterogeneity of polymer concrete are presented. Some aspects of the statist...

The subject of this paper is the statistical estimation of heterogeneity of epoxy concrete. The study is involved with the potential of its random failures. The main categories and sources of possible uncertainty have been shown. The research concept has been presented, showing the parameters that influence the polymer composite heterogeneity, e.g....