Paulo Yukio Gomes Sumida

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• Professor
• Professor (Full) at University of São Paulo

Multiple marine invertebrate species have been utilized as model organisms for investigations on the effects of climate change and bleaching on animal-algal symbioses. However, one potential model host that has not been addressed is the acoel Convolutriloba retrogemma, which associates with chlorophytes. Therefore, this study assessed whether therm...

A new species of Osedax is described here using molecular and morphological data. It was found at the depth of 550 m off the Brazilian coast through experimental deployment of cow bones. Osedax nataliaesp. nov. is the second Osedax species from the Southwest Atlantic Ocean and had been previously reported as Osedax ‘BioSuOr-4’. Phylogenetic analysi...

Giant clams are photosymbiotic molluscs, hosting Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates. Serving as an alternative model organism for ecophysiological studies within reef environments, giant clams differ from corals due to their anatomical complexity, with extracellular symbionts present in multiple organs. We aimed to determine if clams, under thermal st...

Anthropogenic debris has been documented in Antarctica for the past 40 years. Upon breakdown, large pieces become microdebris, which reaches the seafloor through a variety of physical and biological processes. The Antarctic benthos, deeply reliant on sinking organic particles, is thus vulnerable to ingesting microdebris. By using benthic specimens...

Giant clams are invertebrates that form mutualistic associations with Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates. Despite their ecological significance, gaps persist regarding our understanding of their trophic ecology. Specifically, it is unknown whether Symbiodiniaceae-derived photosynthates are metabolized differently according to species and organ. Theref...

Two new neotypes designations are proposed for the species Siboglinum besnardi and Siboglinum nonatoi, based on specimens collected from the Southwestern Atlantic deep waters, type locality of both species. This designation is necessary due to the loss of the original type series for both species. Species identities were validated through morpholog...

The Amapá margin, part of the Brazilian Equatorial Margin (BEM), is a key region that plays a strategic role in the global climate balance between the North and South Atlantic Ocean as it is strictly tied to equatorial heat conveyance and the fresh/salt water equilibrium with the Amazon River. We performed a new scientific expedition on the Amapá c...

Three new eyeless species of Nereis from organic falls (whale bones and wood parcels) in the Southwestern Atlantic from depths between 550 and 3285 m are described, and the eyeless species Neanthes shinkai is transferred to Nereis. All new species and Nereis shinkai comb. nov. can be distinguished from the majority of Nereis species by the absence...

Mass bleaching events are growing in duration and intensity. Besides causing extensive mortality, the progressively shorter time between events disrupts the ability of reefs to recover. The unique reefs of the Southwestern Atlantic are often considered climate refugia as they have suffered less bleaching-related mortality when compared to Indo–Paci...

The integrated approach of molecular phylogenetic and morphological analyses has revolutionized the systematics and our understanding of the evolutionary relationships of marine taxa. One such group is the hexacorallian order Zoantharia Rafinesque, 1815. The monotypic genus Thoracactis Gravier, 1918 has been little investigated since its placement...

In the region of Brazil, cold-water corals are distributed from the Equatorial to the Southern Brazilian margins and on nearby seamounts, mainly between 250 and 1200 m water depth, forming reefs, carbonate banks, and octocoral gardens. Larger reef structures formed by Lophelia pertusa are only known from the Southeast-Southern (SE-S) slope, with de...

Amythas membranifera was originally described through a single and incomplete specimen found in Commonwealth Bay, Adélie Land, Antarctica, at ~ 600 m depth. The species occurs exclusively in Antarctic waters and has a great ecological and biological value to benthic dynamics in some Antarctic areas. We collected several specimens of A. membranifera...

Deep-sea coral distribution and composition are unknown in much of the global ocean, but repurposing ocean industry surveys can fill that gap. In Santos Basin, southeast Brazil, areas (241-963 m depth) were surveyed during seven Petrobras cruises, mapping bottom topography with multibeam sonar, then collecting video with remotely operated vehicles....

Whale carcasses create habitats in the deep sea which are colonized by organisms related to other chemosynthetic environments suggesting that whale falls may act as intermediate refugia for the dispersal and evolution of deep-sea organisms. Such evidence comes mainly from macrofaunal organisms whereas for the smaller meiofauna, data on whalebone as...

This study evaluated the effects of biogenic structures (tree roots and crab burrows) on sediment carbon (C), sulfur (S), and iron (Fe) biogeochemistry during the wet season in the Olaria mangrove forests near the city of Cananéia, São Paulo state, Brazil and the Nobrega mangrove forest approximately 2 km from the city. Anaerobic C oxidation pathwa...

The bearded fireworm Hermodice carunculata is widely distributed across tropical and subtropical Atlantic and Mediterranean Oceans and was previously considered to be mostly associated with shallow reefs. We provide here data on the distribution, abundance and habitat use of H. carunculata across a euphotic-mesophotic gradient (0-90 m) in the Saint...

Soft corals (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) are discreet components in the Southwestern Atlantic reef communities. In Brazil, the native octocoral shallow-reef fauna is mostly represented by gorgonians. Consequently, except for the nephtheid Neospongodes atlantica , most of the known soft corals from this region are considered non-indigenous. Hitherto, th...

The SE Brazilian continental margin is rich in geomorphological features that create different seascapes, where diverse benthic communities thrive. The seafloor is composed of a mixture of pockmarks of different sizes and shapes and tall carbonate mounds that may form extensive chains. Mounds are colonized by deep-water corals which are the main re...

We seek to shed light on the recent controversy regarding the existence, vitality and extent of the Great Amazon Reef System (GARS; see Francini-Filho et al., 2018). This elucidation is critical considering the plans for large-scale oil and gas exploration in the region and the ongoing legal disputes between oil companies and the Brazilian Environm...

South Atlantic deep waters provide a huge diversity of habitats, with variations in areas such as geology, macrofauna, microbiology, physics, and chemistry. However, most of the data lacks central organization, important for subsequent deep-sea research, especially considering the multidisciplinary approaches and comparisons of the South Atlantic w...

Pockmarks are circular or elliptical structures formed at the seabed by the expulsion of gas from the subsurface. They are widely distributed along the continental margin off southeastern Brazil and can be over a kilometer wide and 100 meters deep. However, studies concerning the organic characteristics of these pockmark areas are scarce. This stud...

Whale falls are considered important habitats contributing to biodiversity, evolutionary novelty and connectivity of deep-sea environments. The organic input of a whale carcass increases the community standing stock and changes the species composition in comparison with the surrounding benthic infauna. However, endofauna living inside the bone matr...

The continental margin off the southeastern Brazilian coast is punctuated by a series of geological-geomorphological features, such as subsurface saline diapirs and pockmarks at the seafloor interface, which evidence the abundant presence of oil and gas in the region. In several of these sites, hydrocarbons can be naturally released into the water...

We assessed the release of greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) from air-exposed sediments and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from inundated sediments in 2 Brazilian mangrove forests. Our focus was on the impact of biogenic structures, i.e. pneumatophores and crab burrows, on greenhouse gas emissions. Emission of CO2 from air-exposed bare sediment (111...

Carbonate mounds and pockmarks are geologically and ecologically important features distributed worldwide in the world’s oceans. In the present study, we present a chemical characterization of deep-sea scleractinian coral skeletons collected in these geomorphological areas at the southeastern continental margin of Brazil. Coral samples were collect...

The bivalve families Teredinidae and Xylophagaidae include voracious consumers of wood in shallow and deep-water marine environments, respectively. The taxa are sister clades whose members consume wood as food with the aid of intracellular cellulolytic endosymbionts housed in their gills. This combination of adaptations is found in no other group o...

The Rio Grande Rise (RGR) is a large and geomorphologically complex feature located in the Southwest Atlantic, with great commercial and scientific interest due to its potential for mining rare earth elements that are critical for low-carbon technologies. Brazilian interest in this area led to the submission of a petition to the UN Commission on th...

The Rio Grande Rise (RGR) is a large and geomorphologically complex feature located in the Southwest Atlantic, with great commercial and scientific interest due to its potential for mining rare earth elements that are critical for low-carbon technologies. Brazilian interest in this area led to the submission of a petition to the UN Commission on th...

The mining of ferromanganese (Fe-Mn) crusts in the deep sea have gained more attention in the last decade due to increased demand for rare earth elements that are critical for low-carbon technologies, which makes exploitation of this resource feasible and profitable. The Rio Grande Rise (RGR) is a distinct feature located in the South Atlantic and...

Coral bleaching caused by ocean warming is leading to worldwide coral decline. The physiological processesunderlying this ecological event are still incompletely understood, although previous research has suggested oxi-dative stress as major player in the impairment of symbiont thylakoid membranes and in symbiosis breakdown.Lipids are interesting t...

Digital Bathymetric Model (DBM) with cell size of 93 m, created through a process of merging two original DBMs: Espírito Santo Basin DBM and Campos Basin DBM. Sectors, where the original DBMs overlapped, were excluded, as well as cells with missing data (NA) and those with depth values greater than zero. The fusion of the two DBMs were performed th...

Dark carbon fixation (DCF) is a source of new and labile carbon in the deep ocean, while heterotrophic microbial production (HMP) promotes organic matter transfer through the microbial loop. Despite their ecological relevance, there is a scientific gap regarding the estimates of DCF and HMP in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Thus, the aim of this...

Este livro foi concebido a partir do Curso de Difusão Cultural Noções de Oceanografia, ministrado semestralmente desde 1993, por docentes, pós-graduandos, pós-doutorandos e técnicos do Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IOUSP), de forma voluntária, nas manhãs de domingo. Mesmo durante a pandemia o curso foi mantido e ministrado p...

Deep-sea carbonate mounds can harbor a wide variety of heterotrophic and chemosynthetic microbial communities, providing biodiversity hotspots among the deep-sea benthic ecosystems. This study examined the bacterial and archaeal diversity and community structure in the water column and sediments associated to a recently described giant carbonate mo...

Os corais de mar profundo são considerados “hotspots” de biodiversidade, principalmente por formarem estruturas complexas e tridimensionais que possibilitam a interação com uma gama de animais marinhos que buscam alimento e proteção. No Brasil há uma grande lacuna no conhecimento sobre as características, localização e os estados de conservação des...

In the original article, the Zoobank registration is missing for all the new species proposed. Here we included the Zoobank registration followed by the nomenclatural acts (species description) in accordance with Article 8.5.3 (ICZN, 1999) in order for the names to be valid. All figures and remarks can be found in the original article, but the new...

Marine plastic pollution is a global concern because of continuous release into the oceans over the last several decades. Although recent studies have made efforts to characterize the so-called plastisphere, or microbial community inhabiting plastic substrates, it is not clear whether the plastisphere is defined as a core community or as a random a...

The Southwestern Atlantic harbors unique reef environments with high proportions of endemic species. The most prominent reefs are located in the Abrolhos Bank, a 46,000 km 2 extension of the South American continental shelf. However, just 100 km north of Abrolhos is the Royal Charlotte Bank (RCB), an area still poorly investigated. From a biologica...

oceano profundo compreende mais de 90 % do volume e cerca de 70 % da superfície habitável do planeta. Inclui uma grande diversidade de ecossistemas que se estendem desde a margem continental, em aproxima- damente 200 m de profundidade, percorrendo o talude continental até atingir as vastas planícies abissais e algumas fossas hadais a mais de 10 km...

Pockmarks are crater-like depressions in seabed sediments commonly found along continental margins and generally associated with episodic fluid seepage. In this study, we describe a new species of Chloeia (Amphinomidae) gathered from a pockmark field, located off the southeastern Brazilian continental margin (∼750 m depth), SW Atlantic. The complet...

The assembly and successional processes of microbial communities inhabiting deep-sea whale and wood falls are highly complex and vastly unknown, as a myriad of factors may affect the development of a chemosynthetic-based ecosystem on these organic islands. The chemoautotrophy supported by organic substrates is the basis of long-lasting ecosystems,...

Marine plastic pollution is a global concern because of continuous release into the oceans over the last several decades. Although recent studies have made efforts to characterize the so-called plastisphere, or microbial community inhabiting plastic substrates, it is not clear whether the plastisphere is defined as a core community or as a random a...

Burrowers such as thalassinideans remobilize sediment in benthic ecosystems, altering granulometry, enhancing organic matter cycling and oxygenation. We characterized the distribution of the mud shrimp Upogebia noronhensis and the associated macroinfauna along a depth and granulometric gradient in a shallow subtidal area in the southern Brazilian c...

The United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development presents an exceptional opportunity to effect positive change in ocean use. We outline what is required of the deep-sea research community to achieve these ambitious objectives.

The ocean plays a crucial role in the functioning of the Earth System and in the provision of vital goods and services. The United Nations (UN) declared 2021–2030 as the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. The Roadmap for the Ocean Decade aims to achieve six critical societal outcomes (SOs) by 2030, through the pursuit of four o...

Brazilian Deep-Sea Biodiversity presents water masses and oceanic circulation of the continental margin and adjacent abyssal plain off Brazil. It also describes the biodiversity on the continental margin, including deep-sea fishes, corals and microbes, with a focus on benthic biodiversity. The book discusses human impact and living and non-living r...

The oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) is a common stress response across biomes with potential to trigger impairment of cell growth and reproduction. The oxidative stress theory of coral bleaching induced by global warming has been widely accepted to explain coral reef decline, but its underlying physiological mechanism remains under...

Oceans are undergoing successive heatwaves. Several invertebrate taxa associate with dinoflagellates and are susceptible to bleaching caused by heat stress. Although the impacts of a single bleaching event have been well documented, the consequences of successive events are less understood. We investigated the effects of multiple thermal stress eve...

Aim As a step towards providing support for an ecological approach to strengthening marine protected areas (MPAs) and meeting international commitments, this study combines cumulative impact assessment and conservation planning approach to undertake a large‐scale spatial prioritization. Location Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Brazil, Southwest A...

The Brazilian Continental Margin hosts a diverse deep seafloor landscape including vast areas of sedimented slopes, submarine canyons, reef-forming and solitary cold-water corals, methane seeps and pockmarks, seamounts, and guyots. The vast biodiversity associated with deep-sea benthic habitats remain largely undescribed with only a few, mostly des...

The deep sea is the widest ecosystem on Earth and has been long recognized as a research frontier in marine sciences. The logistical challenges to study offshore eco- systems, sometimes located kilometers below the sea surface, are tremendous and require significant investment that limits sampling on those areas. Therefore, we know very little abou...

The Brazilian Continental Margin (BM) hosts one of the most poorly known deep-water fauna in the world, especially those referred to as habitat forming such as scleractinians and octocorallians (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). In waters deeper than 150 m, these anthozoans are the framework builders for coral reefs and coral gardens. Together, these habitats h...

The São Paulo Ridge (SPR) is a 350 km-long linear geological feature located in the Continental Margin off Brazil (Latitude 28–29°S, Longitude 40–45°W). In 2013, the region was mapped during the SW Atlantic “Iata-Piuná” expedition and explored by a series of deep-sea dives of the manned submersible Shinkai 6500. A digital bathymetric model analyzed...

Chemosynthetic ecosystems are fueled by reduced compounds (CH4 and/or H2S), which are important for the chemosynthetic production by microbiota. They comprise hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, and large organic “islands” or patches, such as whale skeletons and wood falls. Despite common along a large range of geological settings around the world, che...

Specialist fauna populations from chemosynthetic ecosystems are connected through larval stages travelling in current highways in the vast deep sea. One shrimp family of such specialists, Alvinocarididae, is hitherto known to be endemic to vents and seeps with no reported occurrence in ephemeral organic-rich chemosynthetic habitats. Here we report...

Two new species of Rubyspira and one of Cordesia (Gastropoda: Abyssochrysoidea) are described morphologically and genetically, based on specimens collected from whale bones and wood parcels artificially implanted in the deep southwest Atlantic Ocean, at c. 1500 and 3300 m depths. Rubyspira pescaprae sp. nov. and R. elongata sp. nov. occur preferent...

Mass coral bleaching has increased in intensity and frequency and has severely impacted shallow tropical reefs worldwide. Although extensive investigation has been conducted on the resistance and resilience of coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific and Caribbean, the unique reefs of the South Atlantic remain largely unassessed. Here we compiled primary an...

Coral reefs globally are threatened by climate change, but reef assemblages at high latitudes may serve as refugia. Marginal coral communities located in the subtropical Southwestern Atlantic are poorly studied, but were subject to an unprecedented heatwave and associated coral bleaching in 2019. Record values of 18.5 and 20.5 °C-weeks were registe...

Here we investigated the diversity of bacterial communities from deep-sea surface sediments under influence of asphalt seeps at the Sao Paulo Plateau using next-generation sequencing method. Sampling was performed at North São Paulo Plateau using the human occupied vehicle Shinkai 6500 and her support vessel Yokosuka. The microbial diversity was st...

A persistent challenge to managing coastal wetlands in a way that will mitigate climate impacts is understanding how soil organic carbon (Corg) stocks change over spatial and temporal scales. This study tested how seasonal change in riverine flows and soil biogeochemical attributes (grain-size, degree of wave disturbance and microphytobenthic produ...

In face of increasing anthropogenic disturbance in the deep sea, it is a priority to better understand the regional distribution of cold-water corals (CWC). These organisms create some of the most species-rich habitats in the deep sea and, for this reason, they must be properly protected and managed. In this study, we aimed to identify suitable hab...

Recently acquired bathymetric and high-resolution seismic data from the upper slope of Santos Basin, southern Brazilian margin, reveal a major geomorphological feature in the SW Atlantic that is interpreted as a carbonate ridge - the Alpha Crucis Carbonate Ridge (ACCR). The ACCR is the first megastructure of this type described on the SW Atlantic m...

Here we investigated the diversity of bacterial communities from deep-sea surface sediments under influence of asphalt seeps at the Sao Paulo Plateau using next-generation sequencing (NGS) method.

Here we investigated the diversity of bacterial communities from deep-sea surface sediments under influence of asphalt seeps at the Sao Paulo Plateau using next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. Sampling was performed at North Sao Paulo Plateau using the human occupied vehicle Shinkai 6500 and her support vessel Yokosuka. The microbial diversity...

Whale falls are important environments contributing to biodiversity, connectivity and evolutionary novelty in deep-sea ecosystem. Notwithstanding, most of this knowledge is based in studies from NE Pacific basin. Interestingly, the only known natural whale fall on the SW Atlantic has faunal composition affinities with carcasses from other deep-ocea...

Marine ornamental aquaculture is a growing industry. Although most species are cultured for aesthetic purposes, there is increasing interest in organisms that provide functional services. Nudibranchs provide an example in which they act as biological controls by consuming aquaria pests. Berghia stephanieae is a commercially relevant nudibranch that...

As part of Petrobras’ SENSIMAR Project, we will create an online platform for storing and sharing deep-sea coral data from the South Atlantic sea floor, focused on ROV (remotely operated vehicle) videos recorded by Petrobras, a Brazilian oil and gas company, over the last two decades.

Bone-eating Osedax worms can quickly colonize exposed bones and are important ecosystem engineers in whale fall communities, contributing to cause of bone degradation. This study shows that the deep SW Atlantic margin harbors many Osedax species. Using DNA barcoding, we found four putative new lineages as well as O. frankpressi Rouse, Goffredi, and...

The symbiotic association with Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates has been more investigated for reef-building corals than for other metazoan taxa. Nudibranchs are relevant hosts as they present a wide variety of relationships with Symbiodiniaceae that range from predation to mutualistic association. The aeolid Berghia stephanieae is perhaps the best...

Multidisciplinary data were collected during the Rio Grande Rise cruise (RGR1), including geophysical (using multibeam, sonar, backscatter, chirp, magnetometer), geological (using dredges, box corer, gravity corer), benthic ecology, hydrographic (using CTD, ADCP, L-ADCP), biogeochemical, and geomicrobiological. These data supplement and expand prev...

Indirect evidence for the occurrence of mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) in Brazil dates back to the 1960s. Only in the last 10 years have Brazilian MCEs been studied systematically, through the use of new tools such as trimix technical diving (open and closed circuit), remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), drop cameras, submersibles, and sidescan s...

An unfamiliar gastropod was collected from a deep-sea whale carcass at the base of the São Paulo Ridge in the Southwest Atlantic by the manned research submersible Shinkai 6500, and is here described as a new species of the abyssochrysoidean genus Rubyspira, R. brasiliensis sp. nov., following morphological and molecular phylogenetic examinations....

The Rio Grande Rise is an extensive seamount region in the South-western Atlantic, with potential for deep-sea mining activities in the future. Such activities pose significant long-term disturbances and potentially severe impacts to both ecosystem structure and functioning, as well as associated ecosystem services. The Rio Grande Rise presents a s...

Wood falls provide locally and temporally restricted inputs of organic material to the deep sea supporting heterotrophic and chemotrophic fauna. These habitats also play a significant role in the diversity, abundance, and evolution of deep-sea macrofauna. Despite the importance of wood falls to the global deep-sea biodiversity, there is a large gap...

A new species of bone-eating annelid, Osedaxbraziliensissp. n. , found in a sunken whale carcass at a depth of 4,204 m at the base of the São Paulo Ridge in the South Atlantic Ocean off the Brazilian coast is described. The organism was retrieved using the human-occupied vehicle Shinkai 6500 during the QUELLE 2013 expedition. This is the 26 th spec...

Many species of reef-building corals are mixotrophic, relying on both photoautotrophy performed by their dinoflagellate symbionts and heterotrophy from con sumption of zooplankton. Autotrophy and heterotrophy supply corals with specific w3 fatty acids, which can be used as trophic markers and record the contribution of each feeding strategy. This s...

Wood-falls are an abundant source of food to the deep-sea along continental margins that host high species diversity and specialized food webs. The colonization and degradation of wood-falls by specialist and generalist infauna has been increasingly recognized as an important factor affecting alpha and beta diversity in the deep-sea. Here we descri...

The trophic structure and role of chemosynthesis remain unexplored in deep-sea whale-fall communities in areas other than the California margin. This gap limits understanding of these communities and their ecological relationships with other chemosynthetic ecosystems, such as vents and seeps. Here, we study 3 different whale skeleton microhabitats...

The Rio Grande Rise (RGR) is a large and geomorphologically complex structure of the deep SW Atlantic Ocean. In 2013, the 600−1200 m deep plateau of the most prominent topographic component of the RGR (named Alpha) was explored during two dives of the manned submersible Shinkai 6500 (30°22′15′′S − 36°02′02′′W and 31°05′58′′S − 34°02′40′′W). Video p...