Paulina Bawingan

• PhD Biology
• Professor at Saint Louis University

Effective microorganisms (EM) have shown remarkable adaptability and have been used in agriculture and environmental management. This study intended to provide insights into the effectiveness of EM technology in rehabilitating soils contaminated with pesticides. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the efficiency of EM in breaking down the pr...

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from marine invertebrates, particularly sea cucumbers, are relatively few or even lacking. This study aimed to determine the potential of the body wall of Bohadschia marmorata as reducing agent to synthesize silver nanoparticles and characterize the generated AgNPs using a direct and environment-friendly procedure. Alth...

The marine invertebrates such as sea cucumber are regarded as sources of diverse bioactive compounds with promising health and nutritional benefits. Many commercially traded sea cucumber species have been explored, yet none of the local low-value types in the province of La Union, Philippines. This study aimed to establish a baseline metabolomic pr...

In this study, four plant identification mobile apps, namely LeafSnap, PictureThis, Pl@ntNet, and PlantSnap, were tried by volunteer participants who are students, teachers, and plant enthusiasts. The participants were asked to take images of at least four plants and upload them to these apps for their identification. The participants were then ask...

As COVID-19 cases rose in the Philippines in March 2020, the government declared a state of calamity nationwide and implemented the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) over Luzon which was most affected. The ECQ imposed measures that restricted the mobility of citizens and disrupted their usual routines, in addition to various directives for the pu...

There are limited studies on the diversity of Philippine lichenized fungi. This study collected and determined corticolous Graphidaceae from 38 collection sites in 10 municipalities of western Pangasinan province. The study found 35 Graphidaceae species belonging to 11 genera. Graphis is the dominant genus with 19 species. Other species belong to t...

This paper presents a taxonomic treatment of Bulbothrix and Relicina lichens (Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) collected in the Philippines, two genera characterized by the presence of bulbate cilia. A total of five species of Bulbothrix and fifteen species of Relicina were identified, with one new record for each genus. The Philippines is a major center...

This paper presents a taxonomic treatment of Bulbothrix and Relicina lichens (Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) collected in the Philippines, two genera characterized by the presence of bulbate cilia. A total of five species of Bulbothrix and fifteen species of Relicina were identified, with one new record for each genus. The Philippines is a major center...

In the present paper three new species viz. Thalloloma nitidum, Thelotrema isidiosum and T. megasporum belonging to lichen family Graphidaceae are described from the Philippines and compared with the closely related taxa.

This paper presents a taxonomic treatment of Parmotrema lichens (Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae) collected in the Philippines at high altitudes where they abound, particularly in the mountainous regions of northern Luzon and Mindanao. A total of 30 Parmotrema species were identified: twelve being new records. Results suggest that the Philippines has a po...

We provide an expanded and updated, 2-locus phylogeny (mtSSU, nuLSU) of the lichenized fungal family Trypetheliaceae, with a total of 196 ingroup OTUs, in order to further refine generic delimitations and species concepts in this family. As a result, the following 15 clades are recognized as separate genera, including five newly established genera:...

We provide an updated account on the species of the Cruentotrema-Dyplolabia clade in Graphidaceae subfamily Fissurinoideae, describing three new species: Cruentotrema lirelliforme J. Kalb, Polyiam & K. Kalb, differing from Cruentotrema thailandicum in the lirelliform ascomata; Dyplolabia chumphonensis J. Kalb & K. Kalb, differing from Dyplolabia or...

Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn is a common soil-borne pathogen which infects a diversity of plant hosts. Previous studies have shown that the virulence of Rhizoctonia is affected by the presence of certain dsRNA segments which are of viral origin. This study attempted to screen dsRNA from wild type and mutant isolates of Rhizoctonia solani and characteriz...

We have evaluated welfare standards of zoo animals in five major zoological institutions in the Philippines namely Avilon Zoo, Wildlife Rescue Center, Manila Zoo, Zoobic Zoo and Baluarte Zoo. We have interviewed both visitors and zoo keepers to assess animal welfare standards, especially on the health, nutrition, behavior, shelter, display, space,...

The number of undescribed species of lichenized fungi has been estimated at roughly 10,000. Describing and cataloging these would take the existing number of taxonomists several decades; however, the support for taxonomy is in decline worldwide. In this paper we emphasize the dire need for taxonomic expertise in lichenology. We bring together 103 c...

The number of undescribed species of lichenized fungi has been estimated at roughly 10,000. Describing and cataloging these would take the existing number of taxonomists several decades; however, the support for taxonomy is in decline worldwide. In this paper we emphasize the dire need for taxonomic expertise in lichenology. We bring together 103 c...

Parmeliaceae is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi with more than 2000 species and includes taxa with different growth forms. Morphology was widely employed to distinguish groups within this large, cosmopolitan family. In this study we test these morphology-based groupings using DNA sequence data from three nuclear and one mitochondrial mar...

Rimelia pustulata from Australia and the Philippines is described as new to science. In addition, 6 new species are reported for the first time for the Philippines. Th new combination Parmotrema adspersum is made.

Pertusaria remota, previously known from Australia, is reported from the Philippines for the first time.