About
11
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Introduction
Pauli Väisänen currently works at the Space Climate Research Unit, University of Oulu. Pauli does research in Cosmic Rays, Space Climate and Heliospheric Modulation.
Current institution
Additional affiliations
September 2023 - present
January 2017 - August 2023
June 2013 - December 2016
Education
December 2014 - June 2016
August 2011 - December 2014
University of Oulu
Field of study
- Physics
Publications
Publications (11)
We report the properties of precision time structures of cosmic nuclei He, Li, Be, B, C, N, and O fluxes over an 11-year solar cycle from May 2011 to November 2022 in the rigidity range from 1.92 to 60.3 GV. The nuclei fluxes show similar but not identical time variations with amplitudes decreasing with increasing rigidity. In particular, below 3.6...
![Figure S8 in Supplemental Material [51] shows the spectral indices for...](publication/388673678/figure/fig2/AS:11431281307218701@1738658893916/Figure-S8-in-Supplemental-Material-51-shows-the-spectral-indices-for-pdg-p-TH-pdg-p_Q320.jpg)
We present results over an 11-year Solar cycle of cosmic antiprotons based on 1.1 × 10 6 events in the rigidity range from 1.00 to 41.9 GV. The p ¯ fluxes exhibit distinct properties. The magnitude of the p ¯ flux temporal variation is significantly smaller than those of p , e − , and e + . A hysteresis between the p ¯ fluxes and the p fluxes is ob...
![Theoretical count rate N* [counts/min] of a standard 6NM64 monitor at...](publication/369834346/figure/fig1/AS:11431281250411180@1717882375632/Theoretical-count-rate-N-counts-min-of-a-standard-6NM64-monitor-at-the-atmospheric_Q320.jpg)
Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) impinge on the Earth's atmosphere and generate showers of secondary particles in nuclear collisions with the atmospheric constituents. The flux of GCR near Earth is subjected to heliospheric modulation driven by solar magnetic activity and to geomagnetic shielding. Variability of the GCR flux is continuously monitored by...
The worldwide network of neutron monitors (NMs) is the primary instrument to study cosmic‐ray variability on time scales of up to 70 yr. Since the 1950s, 147 NMs with publicly available data have been in operation, and their records are archived in and distributed through different repositories and data sources. A comprehensive analysis of all avai...
The flux of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) at Earth is modulated in the heliosphere by the solar magnetic field, which varies in the course of solar cycle.
The modulation is caused by diffusion, convection, adiabatic cooling and drifts, where very important is scattering of particles on magnetic inhomogeneities in the turbulent solar wind and heliosph...
The Sun modulates the flux of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) reaching the Earth's orbit. GCR flux has been measured by ground‐based neutron monitors (NMs) for several decades, which provides an interesting long‐term monitor of solar activity and the heliospheric magnetic field. Here we study the long‐term evolution of the power spectrum of GCR over the...
![Figure 1. [a]: Median value (black line) of standardized count rates of...](profile/Pauli-Vaeisaenen/publication/326576143/figure/fig1/AS:668669684240389@1536434684441/a-Median-value-black-line-of-standardized-count-rates-of-31-neutron-monitors-listed_Q320.jpg)
Fluxes of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) observed at 1 AU are modulated inside the heliosphere at different time scales. Here we study the properties of the power spectral density (PSD) of galactic cosmic ray variability using hourly data from 31 neutron monitors (NM) from 1953 to 2016. We pay particular attention to the reliability of the used dataset...
