Paul Hudson

Paul Hudson
University of York · Environment and Geography

BEconSc Economics, MSc Economics, MA Economics

About

68
Publications
18,396
Reads
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1,603
Citations
Additional affiliations
September 2013 - present
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Position
  • Research Assistant
Description
  • As part of the ERM Environmental Economics course I assist in administrative tasks; exam and assignment marking; teaching small classes
July 2013 - present
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Position
  • PhD Student
Description
  • I am a PhD student working on the EU FP7 ENHANCE project. The ENHANCE project conducts research on how to increase society's resilience to natural hazard risks. I work on insurance related mechanisms that would increase resilience.
Education
July 2014 - July 2017
September 2012 - July 2013
Catholic University of Louvain
Field of study
  • MA Economics
August 2011 - August 2012
Tilburg University
Field of study
  • MSc Economics

Publications

Publications (68)
Article
Full-text available
Integrated risk management requires all stakeholders to work together proactively. Residents of floodplains can participate by implementing property-level adaptive measures. Risk communication materials can motivate those households to do so. Research on these materials is limited. Therefore, we systematically assessed freely available German risk...
Article
Individual precautionary behaviour in response to flooding can considerably reduce flood impacts. Therefore, understanding its drivers and temporal dynamics is of high interest for risk management and communication. Previous studies are mostly based on temporally limited data by using cross-sectional surveys. Here we identified and characterised di...
Article
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An increasing number of publications focus on social vulnerability, resilience, and adaptation (SVRA) towards natural hazards and climate change. Despite this proliferation of research, a systematic understanding of how these studies are theoretically grounded is lacking. Here, we systematically reviewed 4432 articles that address SVRA in various d...
Article
Full-text available
Flood risk management in Germany follows an integrative approach in which both private households and businesses can make an important contribution to reducing flood damage by implementing property-level adaptation measures. While the flood adaptation behavior of private households has already been widely researched, comparatively less attention ha...
Article
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The implementation of Natural Flood Management (NFM), as an example of a nature‐based solution (NbS), is promoted as a risk reduction strategy to support sustainable flood risk management and climate change adaptation more widely. Additionally, as an NbS, NFM aims to provide further multiple benefits, such as increased biodiversity and improved wat...
Article
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Property-level flood resilience is an important element of managing current and future flood risk. Government-provided flood protection infrastructure alone cannot fully prevent flood impacts. Property-level flood resilience can aid in the management of risk through two interconnected avenues of individual action. The first is through risk transfer...
Article
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Plain Language Summary In this Commentary we share results from a global risks perceptions survey of a community of scientists and compare findings with a similar survey focusing on the business community. We find that the many global impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic raised risk perceptions of infectious diseases, but both the surveyed business and...
Article
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This study addresses the role of natural hazard insurance in two European countries with different insurance markets and socioeconomic conditions: Sweden and Portugal. The analyses were conducted at the national, regional (Southern Sweden and Lisbon Metropolitan Area – LMA), and local (Malmö and Lisbon cities) scales. Most damage caused by weather...
Article
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Urban areas are hot spots of flood risk due to how urban development concentrates people and assets into hazard prone areas, reinforcing negative externalities on the welfare of urban residents. Mitigating flood risk in urban environments, however, is challenging. This is not only because the process generating flood risk is complex, but the object...
Article
Full-text available
Flood risk management in Germany follows an integrative approach in which both private households and businesses can make an important contribution to reducing flood damage by implementing property-level adaptation measures. While the flood adaptation behavior of private households has already been widely researched, comparatively less attention ha...
Article
Full-text available
There is a movement towards the concepts of integrated flood risk management and governance. In these concepts, each stakeholder prone to flooding is tasked with actively limiting flood impacts. Currently, relatively more research has focused upon the adaptation of private households and not on private businesses operating in flood-prone areas. Thi...
Article
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Integrated flood risk management requires all stakeholders to limit flood impacts. Adaptation to flooding is a major avenue through which society designs our living spaces to cope with the threat of flooding. Within this context, there are many studies investigating the employment of property-level adaptation for households and the related decision...
Chapter
All the health economic costs from hydrometeorological extreme events (HEEs) can and should routinely be estimated either in part or in full with well‐tested current economic tools and methods. This effort can be supported by a small but rapidly growing pool of studies that specifically evaluate the health costs of HEEs. This chapter provides an ov...
Article
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Developing countries are increasingly impacted by floods, especially in Asia. Traditional flood risk management , using structural measures such as levees, can have negative impacts on the livelihoods of social groups that are more vulnerable. Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) provides a complementary approach that is potentially more inclusive of g...
Article
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In recent years, German cities were heavily impacted by pluvial flooding and related damage is projected to increase due to climate change and urbanisation. It is important to ask how to improve urban pluvial flood risk management. To understand the current state of property level adaptation, a survey was conducted in four municipalities that had r...
Article
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Social inequalities lead to flood resilience inequalities across social groups, a topic that requires improved documentation and understanding. The objective of this paper is to attend to these differences by investigating self-stated flood recovery across genders in Vietnam as a conceptual replication of earlier results from Germany. This study em...
Article
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Flood warning systems are longstanding success stories in respect to protecting human life, but monetary losses continue to grow. Knowledge on the effectiveness of flood early warning in reducing monetary losses is scarce, especially at the individual level. To gain more knowledge in this area, we analyze a dataset which is unique in respect to det...
Chapter
Nature-based solutions (NbS) are often framed positively in terms of win–win options or no-regret measures. However, are NbS equally beneficial for everyone? Are burdens and benefits of NbS really equally distributed and projects embraced by everyone? Is the process leading to the implementation of NbS always fair and inclusive? This chapter provid...
Article
Integrated flood management strategies consider property-level precautionary measures as a vital part. Whereas this is a well-researched topic for residents, little is known about the adaptive behaviour of flood-prone companies although they often settle on the ground floor of buildings and are thus among the first affected by flooding. This pilot...
Article
Full-text available
Social inequalities lead to flood resilience inequalities across social groups, a topic that requires improved documentation and understanding. The objective of this paper is to attend to these differences by investigating self-stated flood recovery across genders in Vietnam as a conceptual replication of earlier results from Germany. This study em...
Article
Full-text available
Flood insurance coverage can enhance financial resilience of households to changing flood risk caused by climate change. However, income inequalities imply that not all households can afford flood insurance. The uptake of flood insurance in voluntary markets may decline when flood risk increases as a result of climate change. This increase in flood...
Article
Full-text available
Integrated flood management strategies consider property‐level precautionary measures as a vital part. Whereas this is a well‐researched topic for residents, little is known about the adaptive behaviour of flood‐prone companies although they often settle on the ground floor of buildings and are thus among the first affected by flooding. This pilot...
Article
Full-text available
Insights into the dynamics of human behavior in response to flooding are urgently needed for the development of effective integrated flood risk management strategies, and for integrating human behavior in flood risk modeling. However, our understanding of the dynamics of risk perceptions, attitudes, individual recovery processes, as well as adaptiv...
Article
Full-text available
Flood loss data collection and modeling are not standardized, and previous work has indicated that losses from different flood types (e.g., riverine and groundwater) may follow different driving forces. However, different flood types may occur within a single flood event, which is known as a compound flood event. Therefore, we aimed to identify sta...
Article
Full-text available
A growing focus is being placed on both individuals and communities to adapt to flooding as part of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. Adaptation to flooding requires sufficient social capital (linkages between members of society), risk perceptions (understanding of risk), and self-efficacy (self-perceived ability to limit...
Article
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Recent policy changes highlight the need for citizens to take adaptive actions to reduce flood‐related impacts. Here, we argue that these changes represent a wider behavioral turn in flood risk management (FRM). The behavioral turn is based on three fundamental assumptions: first, that the motivations of citizens to take adaptive actions can be wel...
Article
Full-text available
The affordability of property‐level adaptation measures against flooding is crucial due to the movement toward integrated flood risk management, which requires the individuals threatened by flooding to actively manage flooding. It is surprising to find that affordability is not often discussed, given the important roles that affordability and socia...
Presentation
Full-text available
Flooding is a growing problem given climate change and socio-economic development. This is especially true in urban areas, and as the planning of cities will need to actively take flood risk into account. The active consideration of flood risk in city planning through land-use regulations or zoning policies can reduce flood risk. These planning pol...
Article
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One commonly proposed method to limit flood risk is land‐use or zoning policies which regulates construction in high‐risk areas, in order to reduce economic exposure and its vulnerability to flood events. Although such zoning regulations can be effective in limiting trends in flood risk, they also have adverse impacts on society, for instance by li...
Article
Flood risk will increase in many areas around the world due to climate change and increase in economic exposure. This implies that adequate flood insurance schemes are needed to adapt to increasing flood risk and to minimise welfare losses for households in flood-prone areas. Flood insurance markets may need reform to offer sufficient and affordabl...
Presentation
Full-text available
This presentation is a combination of two papers studying the empirical impacts of the flood risk domain and subjective well-being in two different countries: France (http://tiny.cc/p36n8y) and Vietnam (http://tiny.cc/w16n8y). While the two studies are in very different contexts almost identical questions were asked in both cases and were analysed...
Article
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There has been much research regarding the perceptions, preferences, behaviour, and responses of people exposed to flooding and other natural hazards. Cross-sectional surveys have been the predominant method applied in such research. While cross-sectional data can provide a snapshot of a respondent’s behaviour and perceptions, it cannot be assumed...
Article
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Extreme weather resilience has been defined as being based on three pillars: resistance (the ability to lower impacts), recovery (the ability to bounce back), and adaptive capacity (the ability to learn and improve). These resilience pillars are important both before and after the occurrence of extreme weather events. Extreme weather insurance can...
Article
The floodplain of the Veneto region (north-east Italy)is one of the most inhabited and economically competitive urban landscapes in Europe. Moreover, recent flood events have caused millions of Euros in damage across the region. Due to the combined influence of climate change and socio-economic development, flood impacts are expected to grow. There...
Article
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The intangible impacts of floods on welfare are not well investigated, even though they are important aspects of welfare. Moreover, flooding has gender based impacts on welfare. These differing impacts create a gender based flood risk resilience gap. We study the intangible impacts of flood risk on the subjective well-being of residents in central...
Article
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Climate change, along with socioeconomic development, will increase the economic impacts of floods. While the factors that influence flood risk to private property have been extensively studied, the risk that natural disasters pose to public infrastructure and the resulting implications on public sector budgets, have received less attention. We add...
Article
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Flood disasters severely impact human subjective well-being (SWB). Nevertheless, few studies have examined the influence of food events on individual well-being and how such impacts may be limited by food protection measures. This study estimates the long term impacts on individual subjective well-being of food experiences, individual subjective fo...
Article
The financial incentives offered by the risk-based pricing of insurance can stimulate policyholder adaptation to flood risk while potentially conflicting with affordability. We examine the trade-off between risk reduction and affordability in a model of public-private flood insurance in France and Germany estimating household flood adaptation decis...
Article
Full-text available
Risk-based insurance is a commonly proposed and discussed flood risk adaptation mechanism in policy debates across the world such as in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. However, both risk-based premiums and growing risk pose increasing difficulties for insurance to remain affordable. An empirical concept of affordability is requ...
Article
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Assessing the dynamics of resilience could help insurers and governments reduce the costs of climate-risk insurance schemes and secure future insurability in the face of an increase in extreme hydro-meteorological events related to climate change.
Article
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Adverse selection and moral hazard are commonly expected to cause market failures in natural disaster insurance markets. However, such problems may not arise if individuals mainly buy insurance based on risk preferences. Advantageous selection can occur if individuals with insurance are highly risk averse and seek to reduce risk. We offer a comp...
Technical Report
Full-text available
Ramboll and the Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM) were contracted by the European Commission (EC) to conduct a study on the insurance of weather and climate-related disaster risk, and to create an inventory and analysis of mechanisms to support damage prevention in the European Union (EU). The study provides an overview of the use of insura...
Article
The notion that insurance can play a significant role in risk reduction has gained attention in the wake of rising natural disaster losses. However, little is known about if and how insurance promotes efforts to lower risk. Direct linkages between risk reduction and insurance appear lacking and are usually not considered when designing insurance sc...
Article
The financial incentives offered by the risk-based pricing of insurance can stimulate policyholder adaptation to flood risk while potentially conflicting with affordability. We examine the trade-off between risk reduction and affordability in a model of public–private flood insurance in France and Germany estimating household flood adaptation decis...
Technical Report
Full-text available
Four insights from ENHANCE case studies on the use of disaster insurance in Europe, and lessons on how to use multi-sectoral partnerships to improve the risk reduction component of insurance.
Technical Report
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Adaptation to climate change receives little if any attention during the phase of planning and appraisal of investments into infrastructure at the Member State and European level. Recently, efforts have been made to assist project planners with incorporating considerations of adaptation into their workflow, but no guidelines yet address adaptation...
Article
Corporate social performance (CSP) is assumed to have a positive impact on macroeconomic sustainability, but empirical evidence of this impact is absent in the literature. The objective of this paper is to investigate the macro impacts of CSP. We first establish a conceptual framework on the relationship between CSP at the individual business level...
Article
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Flood insurance differs widely in scope and form across Europe. Against the backdrop of rising flood losses, a debate about the role of EU policy in shaping the future of this compensation mechanism is led by policy-makers and industry. While the question of supply and demand is at the core of the debate, we argue that another key dimension is ofte...
Article
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The employment of damage mitigation measures (DMMs) by individuals is an important component of integrated flood risk management. In order to promote efficient damage mitigation measures, accurate estimates of their damage mitigation potential are required. That is, for correctly assessing the damage mitigation measures' effectiveness from survey d...
Article
Full-text available
The employment of damage mitigation measures by individuals is an important component of integrated flood risk management. In order to promote efficient damage mitigation measures, accurate estimates of their damage mitigation potential are required. That is, for correctly assessing the damage mitigation measures' effectiveness from survey data, on...

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