Paul S R Goods

Murdoch University · School of Allied Health

De Marco, K, Goods, PSR, Baldwin, KM, Hiscock, DJ, and Scott, BR. Resistance training prescription during planned deloading periods: A survey of strength and conditioning coaches across varying sporting codes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-The aim of this study was to investigate the resistance training (RT) prescription practices of str...

Recent evidence suggests that different hypoxic modalities might accelerate the rehabilitation process in injured athletes. In this review, the application of hypoxia during rehabilitation from musculoskeletal injury is explored in relation to two principles: (1) facilitating the healing of damaged tissue, and (2) mitigating detraining and inducing...

Strong relationships exist between sprint cycling torque and isometric mid‐thigh pull (IMTP) force production at one timepoint; however, the relationships between the changes in these measures following a training period are not well understood. Accordingly, this study examined the relationships in the changes of sprint cycling torque and IMTP forc...

Purpose : To compare power output and pacing between maximal 1500- and 2000-m on-water rowing performances. Methods : Twenty-six (female n = 4, male n = 22) international rowers, across 6 boat classes, completed maximal 1500- and 2000-m on-water races, separated by 24 to 48 hours. Crew combinations and seat orders remained consistent between races....

Snyder, L, Goods, PSR, Peeling, P, Balloch, A, Peiffer, JJ, Binnie, MJ, and Scott, BR. Contribution of physical characteristics to game performance in male wheelchair basketball athletes at the Tokyo Paralympic Games. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-This investigation explored the physical characteristics of elite male wheelchair basketbal...

Goods, PS, Appleby, B, Scott, BR, Peeling, P, and Galna, B. High-intensity running during international male field hockey involves frequent changes of direction and repeated accelerations but seldom reaches sprint velocities. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2024—The aim of this investigation was to quantify the characteristics of high-intensity...

INTRODUCTION & AIMS In team sport, high-intensity running is generally used to describe velocities associated with maximal aerobic speed, with sprints defined by near maximal velocities, which are considered important to team sport performance. However, recent team sport investigations have revealed that near maximal velocities are seldom attained,...

INTRODUCTION & AIMS Implementing resistance training (RT) for athletes may be difficult during some training-phases due to competing demands. However, it is currently unknown how strength and conditioning coaches prescribe RT during periods of planned de-loading. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the RT prescription practices of coaches during fou...

INTRODUCTION & AIMS Muscle oxygenation characteristics are suggested to better explain performance than peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) in highly trained canoe-kayak athletes (Paquette et. al, 2018), but this has not been explored with rowers. Therefore, this investigation aimed to 1) determine whether maximal oxygen extraction improved prediction of...

This investigation examined the association between on‐water rowing stroke‐rate (SR), velocity and heart‐rate (HR) in highly trained rowers (n = 8 male; n = 8 female and 19.3 ± 1.1 year) over a 4‐month real‐world (i.e., variable environment and boat class) training period. On‐water SR, prognostic velocity (percent of world's best velocity) and HR w...

The aim of this study was to determine test‐retest reliability and concurrent validity of vertical force‐velocity‐power (FVP) profiles using Smith machine and free‐weight countermovement jumps (CMJs). A repeated‐measure cross‐over design with randomized load order and counterbalanced trials was employed. Sixteen resistance‐trained males (age: 26.4...

We examined the sweat characteristics and fluid balance of elite female field hockey players during two heat training camps. Fourteen elite female field hockey players from the Australian national squad participated in two heat training camps held ∼6 months apart, following winter- (Camp 1) and summer-based training (Camp 2). Daily waking body mass...

BLUF The L-change of direction test showed excellent inter-trial reliability and construct validity for assessing change of direction timed performance in elite male wheelchair basketball athletes. ABSTRACT An athlete's ability to change direction is important for performance in wheelchair basketball. It is therefore essential that evaluations of c...

Purpose : To compare the energetic contribution and pacing in 2000- and 1500-m maximal rowing-ergometer performances. Methods : On separate visits (>48 h apart, random order), 18 trained junior (16.7 [0.4] y) male rowers completed 3 trials: a 7 × 4-minute graded exercise test, a 2000-m time trial (TT 2000 ), and a 1500-m TT (TT 1500 ). Respiratory...

Background: Exercise with blood-flow restriction (BFR) is being increasingly used by practitioners working with athletic and clinical populations alike. Most early research combined BFR with low-load resistance training and consistently reported increased muscle size and strength without requiring the heavier loads that are traditionally used for...

Watts, SP, Binnie, MJ, Goods, PSR, Hewlett, J, Fahey-Gilmour, J, and Peeling, P. Demarcation of intensity from 3 to 5 zones aids in understanding physiological performance progression in highly trained under-23 rowing athletes. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2023-The purpose of this investigation was to compare 2 training intensity distributio...

This investigation explored differences in the pre-tournament preparation period relative to the movement demands of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games for the Australian male field-hockey team. Movement data was collected over 7 months prior to and during the 13-day Olympic tournament. Duration, distance (total; >80% individual peak velocity; >5 m.s-1),...

Wearable temperature sensors offer the potential to overcome several limitations associated with current laboratory- and field-based methods for core temperature assessment; however, their ability to provide accurate data at elevated core temperatures (Tc) has been questioned. Therefore, this investigation aimed to determine the concurrent validity...

Wheelchair basketball (WCB) is one of the most popular sports for athletes with disabilities. Athletes with a wide range of disabilities compete in the sport, making WCB highly inclusive while presenting unique challenges for various aspects of performance support. This review aims to provide an overview of the existing literature on physical chara...

Winning times at benchmark international rowing competitions (Olympic Games and World Championships) are known to vary greatly between venues, based on environmental conditions and the strength of the field. Further variability in boat speed for any given effort is found in the training environment, with less controlled conditions (i.e., water flow...

Purpose A cyclist’s rate of force/torque development (RFD/RTD) and peak force/torque can be measured during single-joint or whole-body isometric tests, or during cycling. However, there is limited understanding of the relationship between these measures, and of the mechanisms that contribute to each measure. Therefore, we examined the: (i) relation...

Muscle glucose transport activity increases with an acute bout of exercise, a process that is accomplished by the translocation of glucose transporters to the plasma membrane. This process remains intact in the skeletal muscle of individuals with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Exercise training is, therefore, an important c...

Background: World Rowing's decision to support the proposed change from a 2000-m to a 1500-m regatta course at the 2028 Olympic Games in Los Angeles is anticipated to have important implications for athlete preparation and race execution during the 2024-2028 quadrennium. Purpose: This commentary aims to provide insight into the expected implicat...

This investigation assessed the psycho-physiological and performance effects of hot water immersion (HWI) implemented either before or after a repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) session conducted in the heat. Ten participants completed three RSH trials (3 × 10 × 5-s sprints), conducted at 40°C and simulated altitude of 3000 m. A 30-min monit...

High performance sport is continuing to push the barriers of elite athletes’ physiological and biomechanical adaptation in an effort to gain an edge in highly competitive sporting environments, where the winning margins can be extremely thin. Methods for individualizing and optimizing the load-adaptation relationship to different training intervent...

Field hockey is a high-intensity intermittent team sport that has recently undergone a series of rule changes that have resulted in a greater demand for repeated high-intensity movements. Coaches and practitioners now require a reliable assessment of repeated accelerations, decelerations and changes of direction to assess these important match qual...

This study examined whether hypoxia during multi‐set, high‐load resistance exercise alters neuromuscular responses. Using a single‐blinded (participants), randomised crossover design, eight resistance‐trained males completed five sets of five repetitions of bench press at 80% of one repetition maximum in moderate normobaric hypoxia (inspiratory oxy...

The aim of this study was to investigate acute performance and physiological responses to the manipulation of exercise‐to‐rest ratio (E:R) during repeated‐sprint hypoxic training (RSH) in hot conditions. Twelve male team‐sport players completed two experimental sessions at a simulated altitude of ∼3000 m (F I O 2 0.144), air temperature of 40°C and...

Performance tracking devices in the form of wrist-worn watches are common in rowing; however, the accuracy of relevant output variables (i.e. stroke rate [SR] and velocity) during on-water training is unknown. To assess the quality of wrist-watch data output, 16 rowing athletes recorded 118 on-water rowing sessions using a Garmin Forerunner 735XT,...

The present study examined (i) the magnitude of the rate of torque development (RTD) and (ii) the between-day reliability of RTD at the start of a cycling sprint when sprint resistance, sprint duration, and the pedal downstroke were altered. Nineteen well-trained cyclists completed one familiarisation and three testing sessions. Each session involv...

The present study aims to investigate the acute performance and physiological responses, with specific reference to muscle oxygenation, to ambient air temperature manipulation during repeated‐sprint training in hypoxia (RSH). Thirteen male team‐sport players completed one familiarisation and three experimental sessions at a simulated altitude of ∼3...

This study aimed to quantify the workload demands, internal stress response and perceptual fatigue experienced by Laser class sailors across multiple days of competition. Eleven elite male Laser Standard athletes (age: 23.2 ± 3.4y, body mass: 82.6 ± 2.3 kg, stature: 182 ± 5 cm) competing at two regattas were recruited. Athletes wore a heart rate (H...

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the influence of graded air temperatures during repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) on performance and physiological responses. Methods: Ten well-trained athletes completed one familiarization and 4 experimental sessions at a simulated altitude of 3000 m (0.144 FIO2) above sea level. Air temperatures uti...

Tapsell, LC, Binnie, MJ, Lay, BS, Dawson, BT, and Goods, PSR. Validity and reliability of a field hockey-specific dribbling speed test. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-The present study aimed to design a valid and reliable test for field hockey players that concurrently assesses the skill of dribbling and sport-specific agility. In total,...

The long-term decay rate of serum ferritin post-iron infusion in athletic populations is currently unknown. Here, we modelled the decay rate of serum ferritin in female athletes after an intravenous iron infusion (n = 22). The post-infusion serum ferritin response and the rate of decay was highly variable between athletes; however, we demonstrate t...

Objectives This investigation compared ultrasound and skinfolds as measures of body fat for athletes, relative to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Design Fifty-six well-trained athletes from various sports participated in a cross-sectional study. Methods The participants attended one testing session, where total body fat mass was measured using...

With minimal costs and travel constraints for athletes, the “living low-training high” (LLTH) approach is becoming an important intervention for modern sport. The popularity of the LLTH model of altitude training is also associated with the fact that it only causes a slight disturbance to athletes' usual daily routine, allowing them to maintain the...

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of a topical sodium bicarbonate (0.3 g/kg body weight NaHCO3) application (PR lotion; Amp Human) on blood buffering capacity and performance in recreationally active participants (study A) and moderately trained athletes (study B). Methods: In Study A, 10 participants completed 2 experimental trials: oral NaHCO3 (...

Bradbury, DG, Landers, GJ, Benjanuvatra, N, and Goods, PS. Comparison of linear and reverse linear periodized programs with equated volume and intensity for endurance running performance. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-This investigation examined the effectiveness of 2 periodization methods on endurance running performance. Thirty recreat...

A strong foundation in physical conditioning and sport-specific experience, in addition to a bespoke and periodized training and nutrition program, are essential for athlete development. Once these underpinning factors are accounted for, and the athlete reaches a training maturity and competition level where marginal gains determine success, a role...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to conduct a conceptual replication of the proposition that mental toughness is associated positively with behavioural perseverance. Design: Repeated-measures design. Methods: In total, 38 male Australian rules footballers took part in this study (age, 21±3 y; mass, 82.7±11.0kg; height, 1.84±.07m; foot...

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of a moderate dose of caffeine to improve repeat-sprint performance in elite freestyle sprinters. Nine highly trained male swimmers performed 6 x 75 m freestyle sprints on two occasions 1-h after consuming either 3 mg·kg⁻¹ caffeine (CAF), or placebo, in a cross-over manner. Capillary b...

Hypoxic training strategies to optimize physiological exercise responses have been extensively investigated, although often with limited performance benefits over the equivalent normoxic training (Roels et al., 2007). Recently, novel methods including intermittent hypoxic resistance training (IHRT) and repeat sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) have b...

Scott, BR, Peiffer, JJ, and Goods, PSR. The effects of supplementary low-load blood flow restriction training on morphological and performance-based adaptations in team sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res 31(8): 2147-2154, 2017-Low-load resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) may be a method to enhance muscular development even in tra...

This investigation examined the oxidative stress (F2-Isoprostane; F2-IsoP) and inflammatory (interleukin-6; IL-6) responses to repeat-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH). Ten trained male team sport athletes performed 3(sets)*9(repetitions)*5 s cycling sprints in simulated altitude (3000 m) and sea-level conditions. Mean and peak sprint power output (...

To assess the impact of ‘top-up’ normoxic or hypoxic repeat-sprint training on sea-level repeat-sprint ability, thirty team sport athletes were randomly split into three groups, which were matched in running repeat-sprint ability (RSA), cycling RSA and 20 m shuttle run performance. Two groups then performed 15 maximal cycling repeat-sprint training...

This study aimed to assess the impact of three simulated altitude exposure heights on repeat sprint performance in team sport athletes. Ten trained male team sport athletes completed three sets of repeated sprints (9 x 4 s) on a non-motorised treadmill at sea-level or at simulated altitudes of 2000, 3000 and 4000 m. Participants completed four tria...