Paul Delamarche

• University of Rennes 2

This study investigated the influence of an incremental exercise on bilateral asymmetry through the spatio-temporal evolution of 3D joint angular displacement, using the Normalized Symmetry Index (NSI) and cross-correlation methods. Twelve professional cyclists performed an incremental test to exhaustion, during which motion capture was used. Resul...

The aim of this study was to quantify kinematic, kinetic and performance changes that occur in the serve throughout a prolonged tennis match play. Serves of eight male advanced tennis players were recorded with a motion capture system before, at mid-match, and after a 3-hour tennis match. Before and after each match, electromyographic data of 8 upp...

Raw data. (XLSX)

Background: Shoulder range of motion (ROM) deficits have been identified as an injury risk factor among tennis players. It is well known that shoulder internal rotation deficit increases with age and years of play, but there is a lack of knowledge regarding the influence of a prolonged tennis match on shoulder ROM. Purpose: To examine changes in...

Background: Energy flow has been hypothesized to be one of the most critical biomechanical concepts related to tennis performance and overuse injuries. However, the relationships among energy flow during the tennis serve, ball velocity, and overuse injuries have not been assessed. Purpose: To investigate the relationships among the quality and m...

The aim of this work was to compare the joint kinetics and stroke production efficiency for the shoulder, elbow, and wrist during the serve between professionals and advanced tennis players and to discuss their potential relationship with given overuse injuries. Eleven professional and seven advanced tennis players were studied with an optoelectron...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to measure the effects of temporal parameters on both ball velocity and upper limb joint kinetics to identify pathomechanical factors during the tennis serve and (b) to validate these pathomechanical factors by comparing injured and noninjured players. Methods: The serves of expert tennis playe...

The purpose of the study was to identify the relationships between segmental angular momentum and ball velocity between the following events: ball toss, maximal elbow flexion (MEF), racket lowest point (RLP), maximal shoulder external rotation (MER), and ball impact (BI). Ten tennis players performed serves recorded with a real-time motion capture....

In tennis, a high ball velocity and a fast run toward the net are key features to successful performance of "serve-and-volley" players. For the serve, tennis players can use two techniques: the foot-up (FU) or foot-back (FB) technique. The aim of this study was to determine if the running time toward the net after the serve and the ball velocity (V...

At puberty, type 1 diabetes (T1D) among young girls can lead to excess body weight, insulin resistance, deterioration of glycaemic control and dyslipidaemia. Although biological factors contribute largely to such metabolic dysfunction, little is known of the role of behavioural factors such as physical activity and diet. This study investigated the...

Background: There is no consensus regarding the definition of frailty for clinical uses. Methods: A modified Delphi process was used to attempt to achieve consensus definition. Experts were selected from different fields and organized into five Focus Groups. A questionnaire was developed and sent to experts in the area of frailty. Responses and...

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between athletic performance and the change in body weight (BW) during a 42 km marathon in a large cohort of runners. The study took place during the 2009 Mont Saint-Michel Marathon (France). 643 marathon finishers (560 males and 83 females) were studied. The change in BW during the race w...

Supramaximal exercises are well known to induce a severe stress on the adrenal medulla and nervous sympathetic system. This stress induces increased plasma catecholamines concentrations. The responses of catecholamines to supramaximal exercises in women are still not well characterized and have been studied mostly in trained subjects. Hence the aim...

The authors investigated how different levels of detail (LODs) of a virtual throwing action can influence a handball goalkeeper's motor response. Goalkeepers attempted to stop a virtual ball emanating from five different graphical LODs of the same virtual throwing action. The five levels of detail were: a textured reference level (L0), a non-textur...

Le but de cette étude était d’évaluer deux méthodes de mesure clinique de la rotation externe de l’épaule afin d’optimiser le diagnostic d’hyperlaxité chez les sujets devant bénéficier d’une chirurgie de stabilisation pour instabilité antérieure chronique de l’épaule. Une mesure de la rotation externe de l’épaule a été réalisée chez 70 étudiants vo...

Informations about the effects of intense exercise training on diabetes-induced myocardial dysfunctions are lacking. We have examined the effects of intense exercise training on the cardiac function of diabetic rats, especially focusing on the Langendorff β-adrenergic responsiveness and on the β-adrenoceptors protein expression. Control or Streptoz...

The aim of this study was to evaluate two methods of clinical assessment for external rotation of the shoulder to optimise the diagnosis of hyperlaxity in patients being selected for surgery for stabilisation of chronic anterior instability. External rotation was evaluated in 70 healthy student volunteers by two examiners (intertester study) using...

The aim of the present study was to investigate recent overweight and obesity prevalence rates for Lebanese adolescents, and to examine differences in physical activity, screen time (sum of time spent in front of TV, computer, and videogames), and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for the first time among normal, overweight, and obese adolesce...

The use of swim fins has become popular in various water sport activities. While numerous models of swim fin with various innovative shapes have been subjectively designed, the exact influence of the fin characteristics on swimming performance is still much debated, and remains difficult to quantify. To date, the most common approach for evaluating...

The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between body mass index (BMI) and body fat (BF) among Lebanese female adolescents. 51 Lebanese females aged 12 to 18 years participated in this study. BMI was calculated as weight/height. Adiposity was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Correlation coefficient of percent body fa...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 6-month sprint training program on plasma androgens and catecholamine (CA) concentrations in response to a 6 s sprint in adolescent boys [training group (TG), n=6; control group (CG), n=6]. A 6 s-sprint test was performed on a cycle ergometer before and after training (Pre-T and Post-T,...

The authors investigated how different levels of detail (LODs) of a virtual throwing action can influence a handball goalkeeper's motor response. Goalkeepers attempted to stop a virtual ball emanating from five different graphical LODs of the same virtual throwing action. The five levels of detail were: a textured reference level (L0), a non-textur...

The aim of this study was to investigate plasma catecholamine [adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA)] concentrations at rest and in response to maximal exercise in three different groups of adolescent girls. According to their body mass index, 34 adolescent girls aged 15–16 years were divided into three groups: a normal weight group (NO) (n = 11),...

Communication affichée au 14th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Sciences d'Oslo (Norvège)

Several methods have tried to quantify physical activity using the relation between heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption ($ \dot V $ \dot V O2). Considering the limits of this relation, we focus our work on another physiological index: ventilation ($ \dot V $ \dot V E). The aim of this study is to show that $ \dot V $ \dot V E is more strongly...

Basal insulin resistance (IR) and inflammation exacerbate post-exercise oxidative stress (OS) in overweight adolescent girls. Cross-sectional study, effect of incremental ergocycle exercise until exhaustion on OS markers. Normal-weight (control) (n=17, body mass index (BMI): 20-24.2 kg/m(2)) and overweight adolescent girls (n=29, BMI: 24.1-36.6 kg/...

Communication affichée lors du 4ème congrès de physiologie, de pharmacologie et de thérapeutique à Marseille

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the "Marathon of Sands" (MS), a 7-day, self-sufficient-diet, multi-stage running race across a section of the Moroccan desert, on body weight and plasma volume variation (PVV) and the relationship of these factors to performance in athletes who are well-trained in endurance. Sixteen MS runners...

Traduction française de l'ouvrage américain "Physiology of Sport and Exercise" de JH Costill et DL Wilmore aux éditions De Boec

After the age of 60, the decrease in physical activity and the increase in fat mass (FM) are two essential factors contributing to the alteration of glucose, insulin, and catecholamines responses induced by exercise. To discard these two factors, we compared the glucoregulatory responses in three different groups of men between the ages 21 and 34,...

Stress hormones, adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine), are responsible for many adaptations both at rest and during exercise. Since their discovery, thousands of studies have focused on these two catecholamines and their importance in many adaptive processes to different stressors such as exercise, hypoglycaemia, hypoxia and...

An impaired sympathoadrenergic response to hypoglycaemic episodes has been described in young Type 1 diabetic subjects. It is unknown if this altered response occurs with exercise, and if it could influence aerobic power. Body composition (skinfold thickness), physical activity (questionnaire) and aerobic power (PWC170 and VO2max) were assessed in...

Sixteen postmenarcheal Type 1 diabetic adolescent girls were randomized into training (involving aerobic and strength exercises) and nontraining groups. Body composition (skinfold thickness), aerobic fitness (PWC170), plasma lipids, serum apolipoproteins, lipoprotein(a), leptin, and adiponectin were assessed before and after the 6-month period. Aft...

Background: Exercise testing has become a valuable help for the physician to examine the influence of recommended exercise training on physical fitness. However, the question as to how diabetic prepubertal children differ from their non‐diabetic peers in their performance capacity has only partial and sometimes conflicting answers in the literature...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of sex on plasma catecholamine responses to sprint exercise in adolescents and adults. Thirty-six untrained participants took part in this study-9 girls and 10 boys (Tanner Stage 4) and 9 women and 8 men. Each participant performed a 6-s sprint test on a cycle ergometer. Plasma adrenaline (A) and...

AimEvaluate the influence of a marathon race on maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and maximal aerobic speed (MAS) in 9 marathon runners (national level: best performance: 153±14 minutes).

Lobjectif de cette tude est de vrifier si la phase du cycle menstruel influence les rponses en catcholamines (adrnaline (A) et noradrnaline (NA)) ainsi que les puissances pic (Ppic) et la lactatmie pic (Lapic) lissue dun exercice de sprint de 6 s sur ergocycle chez huit femmes non entranes (19,1 0,9 ans, 167,7 5,4 cm, 59,5 4,7 kg). Lexercice est ra...

Exercise tests evaluate the effects of physical activity, which is one of the four recommendations for diabetes treatment. An adjusted and accurate measure of aerobic capacity in diabetic patients is thus needed. This study compared two estimates of aerobic fitness (maximal oxygen uptake vs physical working activity PWC170, i.e., the workload at a...

Using statistical characteristics of the centre of pressure displacement or of the ground reaction forces, it is difficult to have quantitative evaluation of the equilibrium strategy employed (ankle or hip). The purpose of this study is to validate a new force-plate based approach that allows to evaluate postural strategies employed through a metho...

Training is well known to influence catecholamine responses to exercise. In women, this training effect is still not well characterized and has been studied mostly in adults. Hence, we investigated in this longitudinal study, the effects of a 6-month sprint training program followed by 5 months of detraining on plasma catecholamine responses to a s...

IntroductionNitric oxide (NO) production increases during aerobic exercises. Different factors (shear stress, catecholamine and hypoxia) are well known to increase NO production and all of them are additionally involved during sprint exercise. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore plasma stable end products of NO response to a Wingate-test.

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sprint training on plasma catecholamine concentrations in response to a-6 second-sprint exercise in adolescent boys (GE). Moreover, to judge of the respective effects of training and pubertal maturation, we proposed the same protocol to a control group of adolescents (GT).

Objective. – Evaluate the performance during a Wingate test in 14 non-training young women with (CO+) or without oral contraceptives (CO–) at the beginning and the end of menstrual cycle.Methods and results. – During a Wingate test, the power peak (PP), the mean power (PME), as the fatigue index (IF) and lactate concentration do not differ signific...

Exercise testing has become a valuable help for the physician to examine the influence of recommended exercise training on physical fitness. However, the question as to how diabetic prepubertal children differ from their non-diabetic peers in their performance capacity has only partial and sometimes conflicting answers in the literature. The aim of...

This study contributes to an update of average heights among European populations. Our investigation covering 2705 boys and 2842 girls aged 17 years, shows that, contrary to the general belief, adolescents of the Dinaric Alps are, on average, the tallest in Europe. With an average height of 185,6 cm, they are taller than Dutch adolescents (184 cm o...

This study contributes to an update of average heights among European populations. Our investigation covering 2705 boys and 2842 girls aged 17 years, shows that, contrary to the general belief, adolescents of the Dinaric Alps are, on average, the tallest in Europe. With an average height of 185,6 cm, they are taller than Dutch adolescents (184 cm o...

To examine the effects of training on the HPA axis using two new noninvasive tools: salivary cortisol response to awakening and overnight urinary cortisol and cortisone excretion, and on the sympathoadrenal system using overnight catecholamines excretion. To dissociate the effects of training to those of seasonal hormonal variations, endurance-trai...

Aims. – Myocardial adaptations to acute and chronic exercise differ with gender. Autonomic nervous system is greatly involved in these adaptations. In order to explain a part of these differences, we compared the left ventricle densities of M2 muscarinic and β1, β2, β3 adrenergic receptors in seven-week-old female and male rats.Methods. – Sedentary...

This work investigates the design of a new method to evaluate the importance of visual elements taken into account by a handball goalkeeper facing a thrower. Virtual reality was used to design and reproduce standardised situations in a controlled environment. Under such conditions, it was possible to isolate for investigation one visual element in...

BARBIER, J., F. RANNOU-BEKONO, J. MARCHAIS, P.-M. BERTHON, P. DELAMARCHE, and F. CARRÉ. Effect of Training on β1 β2 β3 Adrenergic and M2 Muscarinic Receptors in Rat Heart. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 36, No. 6, pp. 949-954, 2004. Objective: Physical training is known to alter several cardiovascular parameters. These adaptations are for a great pa...

Physical training is known to alter several cardiovascular parameters. These adaptations are for a great part linked to an alteration of the myocardial responses to its autonomic nervous regulation. To further explain the parasympathetic and catecholamine effects, we hypothesized that endurance training could modify rat myocardial beta1, beta2, bet...

Previous studies on overarm throwing have described a proximal-to-distal segmental sequence. The proximal segments reached their maximal linear velocities before the distal ones. In handball, no study has demonstrated this sequence from the upper torso to the wrist, although a recent study did present a different organization. The aim of this study...

In this study we investigated whether plasma catecholamine responses to the Wingate test are affected by the intensity of training in endurance-trained subjects. To do this we compared plasma adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA) concentrations in response to a Wingate test in three different groups: specialist middle-distance runners (MDR) in 800-...

Objective: Physical training is known to alter several cardiovascular parameters. These adaptations are for a great part linked to an alteration of the myocardial responses to its autonomic nervous regulation. To further explain the parasympathetic and catecholamine effects, we hypothesized that endurance training could modify rat myocardial β 1 ,...

We have explored in the following study the glucoregulatory responses (glycemia, insulinemia, catecholamines) at the end of 2 supramaximal tests of different durations. Seven untrained male subjects (21.9+/-0.3 y) performed an isolated exercise of 6 s (T6) and a Wingate-test of 30 s. To determine the levels of lactate (La), plasma concentrations of...

Supramaximal exercises are well known to induce a severe stress on the adrenal medulla and nervous sympathetic system. This stress induces increased plasma catecholamines concentrations. The responses of catecholamines to supramaximal exercises in women are still not well characterized and have been studied mostly in trained subjects. Hence the aim...

Supramaximal exercises are well known to induce a severe stress on the adrenal medulla and nervous sympathetic system. This stress induces increased plasma catecholamines concentrations. The responses of catecholamines to supramaximal exercises in women are still not well characterized and have been studied mostly in trained subjects. Hence the aim...

Virtual reality offers new tools for human motion understanding. Several applications have been widely used in teleoperation, military training, driving and flying simulators, and so forth. We propose to test if virtual reality is a valid training tool for the game of handball. We focused on the duel between a handball goalkeeper and a thrower. To...

Aim. – The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of training status (sprint or endurance training) on plasma volume variation (ΔPV) in response to the Wingate-test in male subjects.Method. – We compared the ΔPV between 7 male sprinters (S) (20.9 ± 0.6 years), 7 male untrained (NE) (21.4 ± 0.5 years) and 7 male endurance-trained (E) (20...

To examine hormonal and metabolic effects of an oral challenge in glucose (= 16 g), 15 prepubertal girls performed a 30-min ergocycle test at 60% of Wmax. Among them, 8 ingested an oral glucose challenge between 2 and 3 min after the beginning of the exercise whereas the other 7 girls received no fluid intake. Plasma glucose is influenced by the or...

To explain the effect of estrogen on skeletal muscle, the presence of estrogen receptor alpha mRNA (ERalpha mRNA) was investigated in human skeletal muscle. The highly sensitive technique of nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (nested RT-PCR) was applied on a variety of tissue samples of both sexes: women (deltoid, pectoral, and...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of two recovery strategies between men's gymnastic events on blood lactate removal (BL) and performance as rated by expert “blind” judges. Twelve male gymnasts (21.8 + 2.4 years) participated. The sessions were composed of routine performances on the six Olympic events, which were separated by...