Pascal Edouard

Université Jean Monnet · Faculté de Médecine

Objective To investigate if several potential risk factors were associated with time to injury complaints leading to participation restriction in Athletics (ICPR). Methods We performed a secondary analysis of data collected during 39 weeks of the 2017–2018 Athletics season in a cluster-randomised controlled trial (‘PREVATHLE’). Univariate and mult...

Traumatic muscle injury represents a collection of skeletal muscle pathologies caused by trauma to the muscle tissue and is defined as damage to the muscle tissue that can result in a functional deficit. Traumatic muscle injury can affect people across the lifespan and can result from high stresses and strains to skeletal muscle tissue, oftendue to...

Background Women’s Artistic Gymnastics (WAG) is a sport well known for requiring a heavy and difficult training load from a younger age to reach a high level of performance. This also is associated with an injury risk. Epidemiological studies are thus needed to improve injury prevention strategies. Objective We aimed to determine the injury epidem...

Problem: We aimed to explore the perceptions and behaviours of athletics (track and field) stakeholders towards injury risk reduction. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in athletes, coaches, health professionals and team leaders registered for athletics at the 2022 European Athletics championships in Munich (Germany), using an online qu...

Objective: The aims of this study were (1) to determine the one-year prevalence of injuries and their characteristics and (2) to analyze potential injury risk factors in high-level/national-level women artistic gymnasts. Methods: Competitive women artistic gymnasts training more than 10 h per week in a national training center and a TOP 12 club in...

Elite competitive sport is a team effort. Many stakeholders contribute to the performance of an athlete: the coaching team, the medical team, the administrative leaders,... This can be represented in the form of a strongly connected network, whose balance tends today to be changed with the progressive introduction of artificial intelligence. This p...

Objective: To describe the epidemiology of injury complaints related to the athletics activity in elite athletics (track and field) athletes practicing disciplines with sprints (i.e., sprints, hurdles, combined events, long jump, and triple jump). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on elite sprinting athletes licensed with the French Fed...

Despite decades of continued efforts in research and practice, sprint-related hamstring injuries (sHMI) are still an unresolved issue in football 1,2. Although improving hamstring strength (force capacity) has been proposed as an effective solution in some studies, the most recent meta-analyses show that hamstring strength capacity, as assessed and...

Introduction Two-thirds of athletes (65%) have at least one injury complaint leading to participation restriction (ICPR) in athletics (track and field) during one season. The emerging practice of medicine and public health supported by electronic processes and communication in sports medicine represents an opportunity for developing new injury risk...

Objective: To describe the injury and illness complaints of elite athletes during the four weeks before the 2022 European championships in Munich (Germany). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in athletes registered at the 2022 European championships from the 11th to the 21st August 2022, using an online pre-participation health question...

With an increase of 4% each year and a recurrence rate estimated at 30%, sprinting-related hamstring injuries in footballers represent a real challenge for practitioners. It is therefore necessary to better understand certain risk factors in order to propose a rehabilitation more adapted to the real deficits of the athlete performing sprints. The e...

Objective: For the 3 Nordic ski disciplines of cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping, data on injuries and illnesses during major sporting events only exist from the Winter Olympics of 2010 to 2018. So far, an investigation has not been conducted during the Nordic World Ski Championships. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting...

Introduction Les reconstructions multiligamentaires du genou (MLKR) sont rares et graves. L’objectif de notre étude était d’évaluer le retour au sport (RTS) et aux activités professionnelles (RTW), ainsi que d’analyser les résultats cliniques et les scores fonctionnels des patients à 6 et 12 mois post-MLKR. Matériel et méthode Nous avons effectué...

Objectives To analyse the association between pre-participation health status and in-championships injuries in a large dataset from seven international athletics championships, and to determine the health status of athletes during the four weeks before the start of international athletics championships. Design Prospective cohort study Methods We...

Problem: Injuries in athletics are common and may lead to restrictions in athletics participation and performance. We thus aimed to describe the epidemiology (prevalence, incidence, burden, characteristics) of injuries self-reported by the athletes (“injury complaint leading to participation restriction” (ICPR)) in athletics athletes) over one athl...

Digitalization in the field of sport has already been a reality for a number of years. The growing increase in the volume of data that can be acquired on athletes today makes its use possible mainly for performance enhancement and also for injury prevention. We propose in this paper to evaluate the possibility of including Artificial Intelligence (...

Objective: We aimed to describe hamstring muscle injury (HMI) history and hamstring specific training (HST) in elite athletes. A secondary aim was to analyse the potential factors associated with in-championships HMI. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study to collect data before and during the 2018 European Athletics Championships. Inj...

Résumé Introduction L’anxiété de re-blessure est une forme spécifique d’anxiété ressentie par les athlètes blessés lors de la rééducation ou de la reprise de leur pratique sportive. Si plusieurs outils permettent l’évaluation de cette anxiété, aucun n’existe actuellement en langue française. L’objectif de cette étude était d’adapter et de valider...

Résumé Introduction L’objectif principal de cette étude était d’analyser les liens éventuels entre la survenue de blessures et les performances (sélection en compétition internationale) durant une saison, chez des gymnastes pratiquant la gymnastique artistique à haut niveau au sein d’un Pôle France. L’objectif secondaire était de déterminer l’épid...

Introduction Regular physical activity (PA) is recognised as a positive factor for health, thus doctors are now able to prescribe PA. It is therefore necessary for health professionals to have a solid knowledge on this subject to disseminate the right information. Facts and results In our study, we looked at the knowledge about PA and health of th...

Although hamstring injuries represent a high proportion of injuries and a high injury burden in professional football, little attention has been given to under - standing typical patterns of hamstring injuries. Understanding injury causation represents one key factor in injury risk mitigation. We conducted a systematic video analysis to investigate...

This study aimed to explore how stakeholders in athletics perceived the relevance of injury prevention, determine their communication preferences, and describe their expectations regarding injury prevention. We conducted a cross-sectional study using an exploratory online survey with high-level athletes (i.e., listed by the French ministry of sport...

Background Performance success or failure in athletics (Track and Field) and the capacity to succeed are driven at the adult level, like in other sports, by many factors, injury being one of them. More information regarding the potential relationships between performance and injuries in athletics is needed. Objective To analyse the potential assoc...

Sprint running consists in covering a given distance in the shortest time possible (or the largest distance in a given time of action) and is one of the key performance determinants in many sports. From a metabolic standpoint, sprint running performance determines the quantities of metabolic energy needed to achieve the corresponding time-displacem...

The purpose of this chapter is to describe the interdisciplinary field of biomechanics and its importance in the evaluation of running. We will shortly describe the basic principles and origins of this scientific field and go into further details of new technical innovations. Then, a comprehensive overview of laboratory and field-based biomechanica...

Résumé Introduction Les lésions des ischiojambiers représentent 12,7 % des blessures chez les footballeuses. Elles surviennent principalement dans les actions de sprint et d’accélération. Aussi, l’objectif de cette étude a été de déterminer s’il existait une association entre l’entraînement au sprint et la survenue des lésions musculaires des isch...

Context Hamstring muscle injury location using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not so well described in the literature. Objective To describe the location of hamstring injuries using MRI. Data Sources PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library. Study Selection The full text of studies, in English, had to be available. Case...

• To individualise injury risk reduction measures could help to better match athlete's individual characteristics and should thus improve their effectiveness. • To individualise injury risk reduction measures could help to improve athlete adherence into such measures and consequently their effectiveness. • This maximised individualised approach is...

Track and field (athletics) is an Olympic sport composed of several different disciplines: sprints, hurdles, jumps, throws, combined events, middle and long distances, marathon, and race walking. The practice of track and field leads to a risk of injuries. A clear knowledge of the epidemiology of injuries is of great interest as a first step of inj...

Given the risk of injuries lead by the track and field (Athletics) practice, the prevention of injuries in track and field represents an important area for athletes and all stakeholders, such as coaches, health professionals, family, sports scientists, managers, sponsors, as well as international and national govern bodies. Using a step-by-step app...

The aim of this pilot study was to analyze the potential association of a novel multifactorial hamstring screening protocol with the occurrence of hamstring muscle injuries (HMI) in professional football. 161 professional male football players participated in this study (age: 24.6 ± 5.36 years; body-height: 180 ± 7.07 cm; body-mass: 77.2 ± 7.70 kg)...

The Athletics discipline of sprints consists in running as fast as possible a predetermined distance up to 400 m. The practice of sprints can lead to a risk of injuries, which can affect all tissues constituting the musculoskeletal structure (especially muscle and tendon, but also bone, cartilage, ligament or soft tissue). A good view of the extent...

Basketball is a popular high-speed contact sport with a mild potential for injuries.The lower limbs are the most affected, regardless of gender or level, and the majority of injuries occur in the knee and the ankle, and then in the thigh, hip and leg.Scientific studies proved the effectiveness of prevention protocols for ankle injuries but not for...

Objective: To closely describe the injury inciting events of acute hamstring injuries in professional male football (soccer) using systematic video analysis. Methods: Video footage from four seasons (2014–2019) of the two highest divisions in German male football was searched for moderate and severe (ie, time loss of >7 days) acute non-contact and...

The aim was to determine the respective influences of sprinting maximal power output (PHmax) and mechanical Force‐velocity (F‐v) profile (i.e. ratio between horizontal force production capacities at low and high velocities) on sprint acceleration performance. A macroscopic biomechanical model using an inverse dynamics approach applied to the athlet...

Objectives To identify individual characteristics associated with the adoption of injury risk reduction programmes (IRRP) and to investigate the variations in sociocognitive determinants (ie, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and intentions) of IRRP adoption in athletics (track and field) athletes. Methods We conducted a c...

Background: After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), quadriceps strength must be maximized as early as possible. Objectives: We tested whether local vibration training (LVT) during the early post-ACLR period (i.e., ∼10 weeks) could improve strength recovery. Methods: This was a multicentric, open, parallel-group, randomized control...

Background: The goal of a rehabilitation programme after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is to manage a patient's goals and expectations (i.e., returning to physical activities and sports) while minimizing the risk of new injury, particularly a new ACL injury. Although general rehabilitation programmes have been proposed, some fact...

Objectives It has been claimed that analyses of large datasets from publicly accessible, open-collaborated (“citizen science-based”) online databases may provide additional insight into the epidemiology of injuries in professional football. However, this approach comes with major limitations, raising critical questions about the current trend of ut...

Background During pole vault, a high level of energy is transferred from horizontal speed of athlete to the pole. Several ways of performing the pole vault exist, and could be associated with specific injury risk. Objective To analyse the potential association between the biomechanical patterns of pole vault and the history of injuries. Design Re...

Background Stress fracture is a frequent injury among athletics athletes. During international Athletics championships, although stress fractures represented a small percentage of all injuries (2.9% of all injuries and 4.9% of in-competition time-loss injuries for female athletes), it exists and should not be neglected, because it could be one symp...

Background Nordic skiing consist of cross-country skiing (CC), ski jumping (SJ) and Nordic combined (NC). Only little injury and illness data from elite competitions in these sports are currently available. Objective To analyse injuries and illnesses during the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2021. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting FIS...

Background Handball is one of the most traumatic Olympic sports, with a growing number of participants. Large sample size epidemiological studies across various playing levels are lacking in this sport. Objective To determine injury incidence over one season of the French championship and according to sex, level of play and time schedule as well a...

Background Competing in international athletics championships bears the risk of injury. Athletics is composed of different disciplines with different physical, mechanical, technical and psychological demands, leading to different injury rates according to disciplines. However, the specific injury characteristics according to disciplines have not b...

Background A test battery is recommended after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) to help decision-making of return to sport (RTS). Running is important in RTS continuum, but it is currently not included in the usual test batteries. Could running pattern asymmetry, which can be observed after ACLR, be considered as a risk factor of AC...

Background Injuries and illnesses represent a health problem affecting athletics athletes’ training and performance. Recently, research on injury and illness epidemiology and risk factors have provided some insights to help implement prevention strategies. The next step is presenting the science, in an engaging form that can assist medical teams, c...

Objective: To test the efficacy of the Athletics Injury Prevention Programme (AIPP) to reduce the percentage of athletes presenting at least one injury complaint leading to participation restriction (ICPR) over an athletics season. Methods: During the 2017-2018 athletics season, we included in this cluster randomised controlled trial (ClinicalTr...

Résumé Introduction L’objectif principal de l’étude était d’analyser la corrélation pouvant exister entre la douleur ressentie lors d’une lésion musculaire des ischiojambiers et la taille de la lésion visualisée à l’imagerie par résonance magnétique. Les objectifs secondaires étaient d’étudier la corrélation entre la douleur à 24 heures et le volu...

International outdoor athletics championships are typically hosted during the summer season, frequently in hot and humid climatic conditions. Therefore, we analysed the association between apparent temperature and heat‐related illnesses occurrence during international outdoor athletics championships and compared its incidence rates between athletic...