Parisa Ghasemiyeh

• Pharm.D. Ph.D.
• Post-Doctoral Research Fellow at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Background Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic of choice for treating serious Gram-positive bacterial infections, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, its therapeutic efficacy and risk of nephrotoxicity are closely related to maintaining specific serum concentration levels. Liver transplant recipients (LTRs) re...

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) therapeutics are a novel category of therapeutic agents that use different types of RNAs to regulate genes and modulate protein synthesis to treat a wide range of diseases. The main advantages of RNA therapeutics over conventional small molecule drugs would be the potential to target undruggable sites, ease of production and...

Hypertension is a common disorder around the world which is mainly asymptomatic and in this regard, it is known as a silent killer disease. Hypertension can induce various complications including cardiovascular disorders i.e. heart failure, angina, and acute coronary syndrome, renal failure, cerebrovascular disease, and retinopathies, in this regar...

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most prevalent form of leishmaniasis worldwide. Although various anti-leishmanial regimens have been considered, due to the lack of efficacy or occurrence of adverse reactions, design and development of novel topical delivery systems would be essential. This study aimed to prepare artemether (ART)-loaded niosomes and...

About four years have passed since the detection of the first cases of COVID-19 in China. During this lethal pandemic, millions of people have lost their lives around the world. Since the first waves of COVID-19 infection, various pharmacotherapeutic agents have been examined in the management of COVID-19. Despite all these efforts in pharmacothera...

Solubility is considered as a significant challenge in the early stages of drug discovery and approximately 40% of drug candidates are categorized as poorly water soluble. This limitation not only affects formulation possibility and the route of administration but also diminishes the bioavailability of various drugs. To address this issue, several...

Melasma is a chronic hyperpigmentation skin disorder that is more common in the female gender. Although melasma is a multifactorial skin disorder, however, sun-exposure and genetic predisposition are considered as the main etiologic factors in melasma occurrence. Although numerous topical and systemic therapeutic agents and also non-pharmacologic p...

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad-spectrum antineoplastic agent that is used in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment regimens. In this study, DOX was loaded in folic acid (FA)-chitosan (Cs) conjugate-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) (DOX@FA-Cs/SPIONs) and then further encapsulated within erythrocytes to act as a liver-speci...

I am a professor and attending pharmacist in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and writer or co-author of at least 5 manuscripts about different aspects of COVID-19. More than 15 months from the first report of COVID-19, over 120 million people all over the world infected by this virus, and more than 2.5 million of them have died. Although diffe...

I am a professor and attending pharmacist in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and writer or co-author of at least 5 manuscripts about different aspects of COVID-19. More than 15 months from the first report of COVID-19, over 120 million people all over the world infected by this virus, and more than 2.5 million of them have died. Although diffe...

Acne vulgaris, a prevalent skin disorder among teenagers and young adults, can have numerous psychological consequences. Topical treatment of acne would be advantageous by reducing the risk of systemic adverse drug reactions. However, the major challenge would be skin penetration through the stratum corneum. Therefore, during this study, tretinoin...

In our previous study, we focused on vancomycin pharmacokinetic in critically ill patients and vancomy-cin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) (1). Now, we have new findings regarding the key role of volume of distribution (V d) in AKI prediction in this group. The changes in vancomycin pharmacokinetic parameters would be expectable in special groups...

Purpose Simvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, is a commonly used drug to reduce total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Furthermore, several mechanisms showed the wound-healing potential of statins, especially simvastatin. Simvastatin is a lipophilic drug, therefore, it has low water...

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are considered as suitable delivery vehicles considering their unique characteristics. Various physicochemical characteristics of MSNs govern their pharmacokinetic parameters which affect the disposition of these nanoparticles in the body. Along with the advantages of MSNs, the toxicity of nanoparticles enteri...

Vancomycin is considered the drug of choice against many Gram-positive bacterial infections. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is essential to achieve an optimum clinical response and avoid vancomycin-induced adverse reactions including nephrotoxicity. Although different studies are available on vancomycin TDM, still there are controversies regardi...

It has been more than three years since the first emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and millions of lives have been taken to date. Like most pandemics caused by viral infections, massive public vaccination is the most promising approach to cease COVID-19 infection. In this regard, several vaccine platforms including inactivated virus...

Introduction: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and pharmacokinetic assessments of vancomycin would be essential to avoid vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity and obtain optimal therapeutic and clinical responses. Different pharmacokinetic parameters, including trough concentration and area under the curve (AUC), have been proposed to assess the sa...

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that involves pilosebaceous units. Due to the various harmful psychophysical consequences especially in teenagers and younger adults, early management of acne vulgaris would be crucial. The selection of suitable pharmacotherapy regimens for acne treatment is significantly affected by the acne se...

Acne vulgaris is a chronic multifactorial skin disease that millions of people around the world of suffering from that. Pathophysiology of acne consists of several mechanisms including hyper-seborrhea, hyperkeratinization of pilosebaceous units, increased bacterial proliferation, hyperandrogenism, alteration in sebum contents, and inflammatory proc...

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) have gained substantial attention during the last decade. TDDS are versatile delivery systems in which active components are delivered to skin for local effects or systemic delivery of active pharmaceutical through the skin. Overcoming stratum corneum is the most challenging step of delivering drugs through...

Among different topical drug delivery systems, nanoemulsions (NEs) are attractive due to enhanced skin permeation potential and minimum toxicity. Topical nanoemulgels (NEMGELs) contians both gelling agents and NEs thus can enhance skin permeation with sustained effects at the site of application. Oxybutynin (OXB) is an anti-muscarinic agent which i...

Emerging epidemic-prone diseases have introduced numerous health and economic challenges in recent years. Given current knowledge of COVID-19, herd immunity through vaccines alone is unlikely. In addition, vaccination of the global population is an ongoing challenge. Besides, the questions regarding the prevalence and the timing of immunization are...

Different polymeric materials have been used as drug delivery vehicles for decades. Natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic polymers each have their own specific characteristics and, due to the physicochemical limitations of each polymer, tuning the release rate and targeting the active ingredient to a specific organ or site of action is a complicate...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) management in patients with predisposing psychiatric disorders would be challenging due to potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) and precipitation of their disease severity. Furthermore, COVID-19 itself might precipitate or induce unpredicted psychiatry and neuropsychiatry complications in these patients. In t...

Background and purpose: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a global health problem. The discovery of new and highly efficient anti-leishmanial treatments with lower toxicity is globally needed. The current study was carried out to evaluate the anti-leishmanial effects of artemether (ART) and ART-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (ART-NLCs) against proma...

More than 20 months has been passed since the detection of the first cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection named COVID-19 from Wuhan city of China. This novel coronavirus spread rapidly around the world and became a pandemic. Although different therapeutic options have been considered and approved for the management of COVID-19 infection in different stage...

I am a professor and attending pharmacist in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and writer or co-author of at least 5 manuscripts about different aspects of COVID-19. More than 15 months from the first report of COVID-19, over 120 million people all over the world infected by this virus, and more than 2.5 million of them have died. Although diffe...

Introduction: Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is considered as the drug of choice against many Gram-positive bacterial infections, especially Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Also, it is a hydrophilic drug with predominantly renal elimination. Given the vancomycin narrow therapeutic index, therapeutic drug monitoring...

Coronavirus can negatively affect the immune system. This complication can be exaggerated in pregnant women with micronutrient and elemental deficiencies. Also, coronavirus itself can induce micronutrients malabsorption and result in their severe deficiencies that can lead to increased risk of infection in these groups of patients. Serum calcium, z...

Background One of the most common causes of death in the world is coronary artery disease (CAD). Estrogen, the most important early sex hormones in women, plays an important role in the risk reduction of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Expression of estrogen as well as its receptors including estrogen receptor alpha (ER1) and estrogen receptor beta (...

Critical illness could result in altered pharmacokinetic profiles of many commonly administered medications in ICU settings. Pharmacokinetic, which consists of a multistage process containing absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination, could be significantly altered in critically ill patients that emphasize the importance of individualiz...

Background: One of the most common causes of death in the world is coronary artery disease (CAD). Estrogen, the most important early sex hormones in women, plays an important role in the risk reduction of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Expression of estrogen as well as its receptors including estrogen receptor alpha (ER1) and estrogen receptor beta...

Background and purpose: Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic which is the drug of choice against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It has a narrow therapeutic index, and thus therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), and clinical pharmacokinetic assessment are necessary in order to prevent adverse drug reactions such as nephrotoxicity. In t...

The new coronavirus (COVID-19) was first detected in Wuhan city of China in December 2019. Most patients infected with COVID-19 had clinical presentations of dry cough, fever, dyspnea, chest pain, fatigue and malaise, pneumonia, and bilateral infiltration in chest CT. Soon COVID-19 was spread around the world and became a pandemic. Now many patient...

The new coronavirus (COVID-19) was first detected in Wuhan city of China in December 2019. Most patients infected with COVID-19 had clinical presentations of dry cough, fever, dyspnea, chest pain, fatigue and malaise, pneumonia, and bilateral infiltration in chest CT. Soon COVID-19 was spread around the world and became a pandemic. Now many patient...

The topical route of administration has many advantages for the treatment of various skin disorders as well as cosmeceutical purposes. This route bypasses hepatic first-pass effect and systemic availability of many pharmaceuticals is limited to skin organelles such as hair follicles and so could avoid unwanted adverse reactions and increase the loc...

The topical route of administration has many advantages for the treatment of various skin disorders as well as cosmeceutical purposes. This route bypasses hepatic first-pass effect and systemic availability of many pharmaceuticals is limited to skin organelles such as hair follicles and so could avoid unwanted adverse reactions and increase the loc...

Stroke has been considered as one of the underlying diseases that increases the probability of severe infection and mortality. Meanwhile, there are ongoing reports of stroke subsequent to COVID-19 infection. In this narrative paper, we reviewed major neurologic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and pharmacokinetics of drugs which are routinely used for...

Dear Editor, On December 2019, new cases of COVID-19 pneumonia were reported from Wuhan city of China that were consequences of 2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2 infection (1). Very soon this disease spread around the world and till now over than 3,000,000 person have been infected with this new virus. The most common clinical presentations of these patients...

Purpose: Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic which is drug of choice against MRSA-induced infections. It has a narrow therapeutic index which may cause adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is highly essential to achieve enough efficacy and prevent adverse reactions. Although many studies have...

Hydrogels are cross-linked polymers with hydrophilic groups which enable them to absorb large amounts of water. Although hydrogels have numerous capability and advantages in drug delivery including biocompatibility, low toxicity and good swelling behavior but depending on chemical moieties of the gel forming polymers and route of administration som...

Cyproterone acetate (CPA) is used to treat various skin disorders such as acne, hirsutism and alopecia. Due to the limited skin penetration of CPA, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with different size ranges were considered in this study in order to enhance skin penetration and to target hair follicles. Drug loading, drug release and morphologi...

Introduction: Cyproterone acetate (CPA) is used to treat various skin disorders such as acne, hirsutism and alopecia. Due to the limited skin penetration of CPA, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) with different size ranges were considered in this study in order to enhance skin penetration and to target hair follicles. Materials and Methods: Dif...

During the recent years, more attentions have been focused on lipid base drug delivery system to overcome some limitations of conventional formulations. Among these delivery systems solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are promising delivery systems due to the ease of manufacturing processes, scale up capability...

Due to limited water solubility of cyproterone acetate and also limited skin permeation; lipid base nanocarriers with different size ranges were considered for topical delivery of cyproterone acetate. Lipid nanoparticles were prepared by solvent diffusion evaporation technique. Different variables including; surfactant/lipid ratio, mixing rate and...

Introduction: Cyproterone acetate (CPA) is an anti-androgen drug with progesterone properties, used in acne, hirsutism and alopecia. Systemic administration of this drug may have various side effects, also topical delivery of conventional formulation would not have therapeutic value, because it has limited water solubility and limited skin permeati...

Introduction and background: Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) due to biocompatibility and biodegradable nature were considered as lipidic carrier both for lipophile and hydrophile drugs. Due to limited water solubility of cyproterone acetate and also limited skin permeation of this drug, lipidic base nano ca...

Introduction and Background: Hydrogels are cross-linked polymers with hydrophilic groups which enable them to carry large amounts of water, and the most important different between gels and hydrogels is hydrogels swelling ability in the presence of water due to the existence of cross-links bonds. Generally, there are 2 types of hydrogels: physical...