Parames Sil

• PhD
• Professor (Full) at Bose Institute

Colitis is an inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. A widely consumed dietary nutrient, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) is known to play a crucial role in cellular metabolism and provide protection to intestinal epithelium under various pathophysiological conditions. In this study, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) was used to induce...

Literature suggests that tea (Camellia sinensis) is a potent therapeutic agent and acts against many skin diseases. L-theanine, also known as γ-glutamyl ethylamide, is a non-protein amino acid, naturally obtained from tea and has structural similarity with the neurotransmitter glutamate. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of L-theanine,...

Prostate cancer (PCa) ranks fifth among the cancers causing mortality in men worldwide. The Globocan database reported 1,414,000 new cases of PCa and 375,304 deaths related to the disease in 2020. Risk factors for PCa include aging, ethnicity, geography, genetic predisposition, dietary patterns, obesity, physical fitness, diabetes, vitamin suppleme...

Abstract Understanding a correlation between prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and lycopene in prostate health has evolved significantly over the years. PSA, a crucial serine protease synthesized by the prostatic epithelium, revolutionized prostate cancer detection and diagnosis. Its screening gained prominence in the late 1980s, vastly improving pro...

Apoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved cell death modality that regularly maintains a harmonious homeostasis between cellular genesis and demise. Caspases are a unique class of cysteine proteases that exist as inactive zymogens within the cells and follow a sequential cascade of catalytic activation for onset of apoptosis induction. Although the...

Machine learning (ML) has the potential to transform tobacco research and address the urgent public health crisis posed by tobacco use. Despite the well-documented health risks, cessation rates remain low. ML techniques offer innovative solutions by analyzing vast datasets to uncover patterns in smoking behavior, genetic predispositions, and effect...

Here, we first synthesized carbon dots (CDs) from taurine and then a nanohybrid with ceria (CeO2) nanoparticles using thermal decomposition method for checking their antineoplastic efficacy against human triple negative mammary carcinoma cells, MDA-MB-231. The in vitro study demonstrated significant dose-dependent antineoplastic activity of the nan...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is defined by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells, with diabetic nephropathy being a significant consequence. Recently, cuminaldehyde has been shown protective ability against various pathophysiology. However, its nephroprotective and anti-diabetic potential has not yet been fully understood. We, therefore, con...

The exploration of natural products as potential agents for cancer treatment has garnered significant attention in recent years. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the diverse array of natural compounds, including alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, lignans, polyketides, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids, highlighting their emerging role...

This study was conducted to isolate and identify the chemical compounds from the roots of Aloe debrana (L.) and evaluate their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. From the acetone (99.5%) extract of the roots of this plant, four anthraquinones, such as chrysophanol (1), asphodeline (2), aloesaponarin I (5), and laccaic acid D-methyl ester (6)...

The unique physicochemical properties inherent to nanoscale materials have unveiled numerous potential applications, spanning beyond the pharmaceutical and medical sectors into various consumer industries like food and cosmetics. Consequently, humans encounter nanomaterials through diverse exposure routes, giving rise to potential health considerat...

Inflammation triggers specific metabolic pathways and if not resolved, translates into several painful diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disorders and psoriasis. Various processes have been explored to understand the factors behind inflammation and consequently, many mechanisms have been examined to s...

Backgrounds Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) are often diagnosed late, impeding effective treatment; therefore, early detection is imperative. Modern methodologies can serve a pivotal role in fulfilling the crucial need for timely detection and intervention in this context. Objectives Evaluate early d...

Introduction Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive disorder, in which genetic and environmental factors are involved in disease onset. Although, by definition, the disease is considered idiopathic in nature, evidence-based studies have indicated familial cases of pulmonary fibrosis, in which genetic factors contribute to IPF...

Correction for ‘Mangiferin ameliorates collateral neuropathy in t BHP induced apoptotic nephropathy by inflammation mediated kidney to brain crosstalk’ by Sukanya Saha et al. , Food Funct. , 2019, 10 , 5981–5999, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9FO00329K.

Selective initiation of programmed cell death in cancer cells than normal cells is reflected as an attractive chemotherapeutic strategy. In the current study, a series of synthetic bis-coumarin derivatives were synthesized possessing reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulating functional groups and examined in four cancerous and two normal cell lines...

Drug toxicity prediction is an important step in ensuring patient safety during drug design studies. While traditional preclinical studies have historically relied on animal models to evaluate toxicity, recent advances in deep-learning approaches have shown great promise in advancing drug safety science and reducing animal use in preclinical studie...

Hormones such as auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ET), brassinosteroids , and gibberellins are known to provide plant resistance against both biotic and abiotic stresses and mediate their action through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. In addition to their role in plant growth and devel...

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent type of liver cancer and the main cause of cancer death globally. The use of medicinal herbs as chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment is receiving attention as they possess no or minimum side effects. Isorhamnetin (IRN), a flavonoid, has been under attention for its anti-inflamma...

Thevetia peruviana or yellow oleander, a representative of the Apocynaceae family, is a toxic, tropical, ornamental shrub with yellow flowers and lanceolate shaped leaves. All parts of the plant are toxic, with the highest toxicity in seed kernels containing thevetin and other cardenolides. These cardiotoxic glycosides have digoxin-like activity on...

Metabolic reactions in the body transform the administered drug into metabolites. These metabolites exhibit diverse biological activities. Drug metabolism is the major underlying cause of drug overdose-related toxicity, adversative drug effects and the drug's reduced efficacy. Though metabolic reactions deactivate a drug, drug metabolites are often...

Often the outer leaflets of living cells bear a coat of glycosylated proteins, which primarily regulates cellular processes. Glycosylation of such proteins occurs as part of their post-translational modification. Within the endoplasmic reticulum, glycosylation enables the attachment of specific oligosaccharide moieties such as, ‘glycan’ to the tran...

Cancer is a disease of global importance. In order to mitigate conventional chemotherapy-related side effects, phytochemicals with inherent anticancer efficacy have been opted. However, the use of nanotechnology is essential to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of these phytochemicals. Herein, we have formulated folic acid conjug...

Here, first we have synthesized carbon dots (CDs) from red Korean ginseng, and modified further with folic acid (FA)for the targeted and controlled delivery of a natual flavonoid, rutin (RUT). FA conjugated and morin loaded CDs (FA-CDs-RUT) displayed size ~70 nm, drug loading content of 14.5 % and a pH-dependent drug release behaviour. Human breast...

Nanoceria (CeO2NP) has emerged as a promising carrier for effective delivery of various anticancer drugs. Herein, folic acid (FA) conjugated and amine-functionalized CeO2NPs (CeO2-NH-FA) have been synthesized for targeted and controlled delivery of Morin (a natural flavonoid) towards folic acid overexpressed breast cancer cells. Morin was successfu...

Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely utilized as an effective carrier for naturally occurring biologically active hydrophobic molecules with a potential to enhance antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Here, a positively charged amine-functionalized ceria nanoparticles (CeO2-NH2NPs) were prepared first, and then a natural flavonoid, morin was adsorbe...

Asiatic acid (AA), an aglycone of pentacyclic triterpene glycoside, obtained from the leaves of Centella asiatica exerts anticancer effects by inhibiting cellular proliferation and inducing apoptosis in a wide range of carcinogenic distresses. However, its chemotherapeutic efficacy is dampened by its low bioavailability. Polymeric nanoparticles (NP...

Background Type 1 Diabetes mellitus initiates by loss of pancreatic activity which affects other major organs leading to multi-organ failure. Lupeol, a novel phytochemical, is emerging as a potent bioactive molecule. However, the effect of lupeol on hyperglycaemia is not clearly understood. This study delivers an elaborate vision towards the detail...

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an important regulator in pulmonary physiology. In our study, we identified the efficacy of melatonin to control the RAS in cadmium (Cd) induced chronic lung injury in a mouse model. Swiss albino mice exposed to CdCl2 intraperitoneally (I.P.) (1 mg/kg b.w.; 12 weeks) showed increased release of lactate dehydrog...

The aim of this work was to reveal the protective mechanism of CA against Dox (doxorubicin)-induced cardiotoxicity. In isolated murine cardiomyocytes, CA showed a concentration-dependent cytoprotective effect against Dox. Dox treatment significantly (p < 0.01) increased the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased NO levels, activated...

Vanadium is a transitional metal having several therapeutic aspects that can be exploited for its anticancer activity. Herein, we have verified anticancer effectivity of synthesized novel water soluble mononuclear dipicolinic acid-1-allyl imidazole-based oxidovanadium (IV) complex [VOL(1-allylimz)2] with respect to anticancer effectivity of known s...

Over a century ago, it was found that a rapid burst of oxygen is needed and produced by the sea urchin oocyte to activate fertilization and block polyspermy. Since then, scientific research has taken strides to establish that Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), besides being toxic effectors of cellular damage and death, also act as molecular messengers...

Aims Synthesis of novel drug delivery system for targeted delivery of cuminaldehyde to breast cancer cells and the subsequent analyses of anti-neoplastic potential of the drug. Main methods 3-carboxy-phenyl boronic acid (PBA) conjugated and polyacrylic acid (PAA) gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized for the targeted delive...

Here we have synthesized water soluble and biocompatible carbon dots (CDs) from taurine via thermal decomposition method. The CDs showed nearly spherical shape with diameter less than 10 nm. The CDs exhibited excitation dependent fluorescence emission and could be used for mammalian cell imaging. The CDs showed excellent DPPH and hydrogen peroxide...

Recently, different natural bioactive compounds have been used as anticancer agents for their various therapeutic benefits and non-toxic nature to other organs. However, they have various restrictions in preclinical and clinical studies due to their non-targeting nature and insufficient bioavailability. As a result, a zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO)...

Nowadays synthesis of hybrid nanomaterials is of interest to researchers due to their profound antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Here, at first we prepared amine functionalized positively charged MgO nanoparticles (MgO-NH2) via microwave assisted heating followed by annealing at 400 °C for 5 h, and conjugated thereafter with a natural flavo...

Now-a-days, synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) from renewable sources has attracted considerable attention due to their wide spread availability, lower cost, higher aqueous solubility and more biocompatibility. Here, we have synthesized water soluble CDs with size between 1–4 nm from the root extract of red Korean ginseng via simple microwave irradiati...

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the major health concerns at present and contribute to the maximum mortality worldwide. Collective evidences have suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the major cause of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic plaque. Hence leads to other cardiovascular disease such as coronary heart disease,...

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of the most abundant antioxidant enzymes in aerobic organisms as it neutralizes superoxide radicals (O2•−) and protects against oxidative stress. In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, this enzyme has evolved separately in different forms - Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, Fe-SOD, and Ni-SOD, based on the metal cofactors attached t...

Vitamin K refers to a group of compounds having a common structure 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone. This fat-soluble vitamin is a cofactor of γ-carboxylase enzyme. Vitamin K, naturally of two types, phylloquinone (vitamin K1) and menaquinone (vitamin K2), is synthesized mainly by green vegetables and gut microbes. Vitamin K is recycled to its activated...

The innate immune branch of the immune system is dependent on the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) for the killing of the invading microorganisms. Among the phagocytic cells, neutrophils are the most prominent in producing these reactive species and thus responsible for the removal of microorganisms. Thes...

Oxygen is essential for living beings in order to survive except the anerobics. Beyond immense utilities, reactive oxygen species, the partially reduced forms of molecular oxygen inflict significant damage on the system. All living beings ranging from microbes to the highest plants and animals have devised dedicated methods to cope up with the inev...

Infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) provokes acute inflammation due to extensive replication of the virus in the epithelial cells of the upper and lower respiratory system. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a l signalling protein with critical functions in cell growth, metabolism, and proliferatio...

The mortality rate due to malaria has increased tremendously in the last decade. Even though the causative agent of this disease is known, the preventive measures are not potent enough to control the spread of this disease. Malarial infection involves a strong interrelationship between oxidative stress and pathogenesis. This review addresses the va...

Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a combination of many metabolic diseases. Insulin deficiency in our body is the main cause of diabetes. Insulin is one of the most well studied proteins, yet the genesis of its discovery was not getting much attention so far. Nevertheless, the history of the discovery of insulin is an exemplar...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disorder that is strongly associated with cigarette smoking. Its prominent symptoms include chronic bronchitis, dyspnea, and emphysema. Goblet cell-mediated mucus hypersecretion and chronic inflammation in the respiratory tract lead to the congestion and narrowing of small...

Recently, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are gaining much interest of nanobiotechnologists due to their profound biomedical applications. ZnONPs are used as antibacterial agents, which cause both gram-positive and negative bacterial cell death through the generation of reactive free radicals as well as membrane rupture. ZnONPs show excellent ant...

Herein, we have evaluated the in vivo therapeutic efficacy and systemic toxicity profile of a synthetic anticancer compound [3,3′-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methylene)bis(2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione)]. A multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) constructed drug delivery network was also fabricated which specifically showed targeting...

Pigmentation is an essential characteristic of microbe, plant and animals responsible for coloration, development and standard growth. Coloration is one of the vital qualities that increase the consumer acceptability of products. Coloration can be produced employing synthetic or by natural pigments. Gradually the demand for natural colorants has be...

Curcumin (C) is a natural antioxidant which has many beneficial effects. However, poor bioavailability and less water solubility render it unsuitable as an anti-cancer drug. Herein, curcumin was delivered through Mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) based drug delivery system to enhance its anticancer efficacy. Targeted delivery of curcumin in canc...

Neurodegenerative diseases are one of the major health concerns at present in the older age population across the globe. Reports suggest that aberrant production of mutated form of protein aggregates in the brain leads to onset of these diseases. Till date, the well-studied neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (P...

Phytoestrogens (PEs) are natural estrogen-like substances. They are subdivided into four main classes: isoflavones, lignans, stilbenes (polyphenols), and coumestans. PEs are broadly distributed in regular diet and herbs. They have multiple targets within cells, including the epigenome, that could be advantageous to the development of a chemoprevent...

Mitochondria, well known as “cellular power house,” is highly dynamic cellular organelle. Apart from crucial involvement in cellular energetics, mitochondria mediate cellular homeostasis, aid in cell proliferation, and chiefly maintain kinetics of programmed cell death (PCD). Apoptosis, the most common form of PCD, involved direct as well as indire...

Introduction: As the world has witnessed three severe coronavirus outbreaks in the past two decades, including the recent pandemic COVID19, caused by SARS-CoV2, it has become of utmost importance to develop drugs and vaccines against coronaviruses. The previous two outbreaks, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syn...

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of many forms of cancer by stimulating body's own immune system. This therapy not only eradicates tumor cells by inducing strong anti-tumor immune response but also prevent their recurrence. The clinical cancer immunotherapy faces some insurmountable challenges including hig...

In recent years, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) emerged as an excellent candidate in the field of optical, electrical, food packaging and particularly in biomedical research. ZnONPs show cancer cell specific toxicity via the pH-dependent (low pH) dissolution into Zn²⁺ ions, which generate reactive oxygen species and induce cytotoxicity in cancer...

Recently the use of bioactive α-glucosidase inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes have been proven to be the most efficient remedy for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia and its detrimental physiological complications, especially in type 2 diabetes. The carbohydrate hydrolysing enzyme, α-glucosidase, is generally competitively inhibited by t...

The global spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID19 has become a source of grave medical and socioeconomic concern to the human society. Since its first appearance in the Wuhan region of China in December 2019, the most effective measures of managing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been...

The immune system plays a pivotal role in maintaining the defense mechanism against external agents and also internal danger signals. Metabolic programming of immune cells is required for functioning of different subsets of immune cells under different physiological conditions. The field of immunometabolism has gained ground because of its immense...

In recent decades, the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been increased remarkably in the population. Cigarette smoke (Cs) plays one of the key roles for COPD development. In our study, we explored the ameliorative role of melatonin on COPD progression by using a Cs inhaled in vivo COPD and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)...

Herein, a mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) based biocompatible, targeted and controlled drug delivery system has been synthesized for tumor tissue-specific drug delivery. Umbelliferone, a natural coumarin derivative was loaded into the pores of MSN and capped with pH-sensitive poly acrylic acid (PAA). For targeted delivery of umbelliferone in t...

The nuclear factor erythroid 2(NFE-2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor, is a major player in antioxidant and detoxification system implied by the cells in normal physiological condition as well as during intrinsic or extrinsic cellular stress. During tumorigenesis, activation of Nrf2 could be tumor suppressive or oncogenic. Aberrant...

Background Now-a-days, synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) from renewable sources has attracted considerable attention due to their wide spread availability, lower cost, higher aqueous solubility and more biocompatibility. Here, we have synthesized water soluble CDs from the root extract of red Korean ginseng via simple microwave irradiation. The CDs we...

Since the first human infection of SARS‐CoV‐2 was reported in the Hubei (Wuhan) province of China, the world has been facing a relentless degree of socioeconomic and medical crisis. The disease of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection which is now called the COVID‐19 pandemic has spread to several countries across the globe (Nicastri et al., 2020). This article is...