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Publications (876)
In this work, we developed flexible polymer-based memristive-like devices specifically designed for biosensing applications. The fabricated devices consist of two gold electrodes connected by a biocompatible polymeric resistive layer made of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), on flexib...
In the food industry, innovative packaging solutions are increasingly important for reducing food waste and for contributing to global sustainability efforts. However, current food packaging is generally passive and unable to adapt to changes in the food environment in real-time. To address this, we have developed a battery-less and autonomous smar...
Recent advancements in strain sensor technology are expanding their applications in fields such as soft robotics. A significant advantage would be if these sensors could self-heal completely, especially when damaged in the active area, potentially reducing or completely eliminating maintenance costs. Here, to address this, a self-healable strain se...
Cytokines are key human health biomarkers, whose levels in sweat significantly correlate with their concentrations in blood, facilitating thus their minimally-invasive monitoring via wearable devices. Nevertheless, their physiological concentrations in sweat down to pM, highlight the need for extremely sensitive detection techniques, with electroch...
Memristive devices offer a promising approach for biosensing due to their high sensitivity. In two-terminal planar devices, the movement of charged species in the semiconductor channel creates a voltage gap, which can be exploited for sensing. In this study, we developed flexible polymer-based memristive devices with gold electrodes connected by a...
In this work, we developed simple polymer-based memristive devices specifically designed for biosensing applications. The devices consist of two gold electrodes connected by a biocompatible polymeric resistive layer made of poly(3,4 ethyldioxythiophene)poly(styrenesulfunate) (PEDOT:PSS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Device characterization was con...
Insufficient availability of essential nutrients, such as iron, can impede plant growth, decrease crop productivity, and even lead to plant death. This is why it is crucial to employ proximal monitoring techniques to detect early signs of nutrient stress and prevent yield loss. In this study, we continuously monitored the stem impedance of eight to...
This article presents a comprehensive examination of the development of a non-contact measuring technique for determining fruit quality. Capacitance measurements were performed on soap (reference), banana, and nectarine samples across a frequency range of 5 Hz–200 kHz for banana and soap, and 10 Hz–1 MHz for nectarine. The data analysis revealed co...
Drought poses a significant challenge by inducing water stress in crops, urgently calling for effective monitoring and early intervention. In this work, we conducted a comprehensive 38-day investigation of the bioimpedance of water stressed tomato stems under controlled environmental conditions. A total of 8000 measurements were meticulously collec...
The dissemination of sensors is key to realizing a sustainable, ‘intelligent’ world, where everyday objects and environments are equipped with sensing capabilities to advance the sustainability and quality of our lives—e.g. via smart homes, smart cities, smart healthcare, smart logistics, Industry 4.0, and precision agriculture. The realization of...
The detection of cytokines, key proteins involved in the immune system signaling, is of extreme importance for health monitoring. Among the various cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), is particularly interesting to monitor, also considering that sweat IL-6 levels show a significant correlation with blood levels, in the range of pg/mL. Despite its impo...
Nanoplastics (NPs) are among the major and most dangerous contaminants in the environment, because of their small size and active surface, which allow them to interact with a variety of other molecules. Current methods used for the detection of NPs rely on bulky and expensive techniques. In this work we propose a novel, fast, and easy-to-use sensor...
In the field of smart agriculture, the on-site assessment of fruit quality is gaining an increased attention, due to the possibility it offers to precisely and rapidly evaluate fruit quality, enabling real-time decision making while reducing waste and ensuring a high-quality final produce. In this context, the extreme portability and flexibility of...
In this work, we present a novel approach for the fabrication of a fully printed poly(3,4 ethyldioxythiophene)poly(styrenesulfunate) (PEDOT:PSS)-based organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) on textile substrates, that serves as a selective cation sensor, thanks to the combination of both OECT and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) resp...
Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are compact and easy-to-fabricate antennas, widely used in long-distance communications. MPAs are commonly fabricated using subtractive methods such as photolithographic etching of metals previously deposited using sputtering or evaporation. Despite being an established technique, subtractive manufacturing requires...
Cytokines are signaling proteins present in human fluids. Their detection is crucial in understanding immune system activity and supporting the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases such as sepsis, diabetes, and cancers. Nevertheless, investigating emporal profiles of these crucial biomarkers still relies on blood sampling (potentially uncomfortable...
In vitro simulators of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract are remarkable technological platforms for studying the impact of food on the gut microbiota, enabling continuous and real-time monitoring of key biomarkers. However, comprehensive real-time monitoring of gaseous biomarkers in these systems is required with a cost-effective approach, whic...
Internal browning (IB)-related disorders in apples are causing significant economic losses, as they undermine consumer trust and market acceptability. Especially for susceptible cultivars, a comprehensive assessment of IB across the whole supply chain is crucial to meet consumer demand and trust, reduce food waste, and improve the profit margins of...
The assessment of pesticide deposition is of key importance for the prevention of off-target area contamination, as well as to ensure the efficiency of the pesticide application. It is required by regulatory authorities also to quantify the drift potential of every possible sprayer configuration. As a matter of fact, the standard methodologies to c...
Carbon nanotubes are a promising sensing material for bio-transduction devices, due to their unique electrical properties, nanosize, bio-compatibility, and their simple low-cost processability. In this contribution, we present two classes of devices (i.e., electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor-based sensors and gas sensors) fabricated by facile...
Electrolyte-gated carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (EG-CNTFETs) are a promising bio-sensing platform, but the instability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), e.g., high leakage current and hysteresis, remains a major limitation. In this paper, we demonstrate that incorporating a lipophilic membrane on the semiconducting channel reduces the EG-CNTFE...
In this work, we present the research carried out within the STEX (“Smart TEXtiles for monitoring muscle activity”) project, aimed at the development of wearable non-invasive sensors for real-time monitoring of muscle activity. The project's activities performed involved the design, fabrication, characterization and validation of two different sens...
This article presents a comprehensive examination of the development of a non-contact measuring technique for
determining fruit quality, with a particular focus on the impact
of ambient temperature. Capacitance measurements were
performed on banana and soap samples, and the behavior
of series capacitance (Cs) was analyzed across the 5–200 kHz
frequ...
In-vitro simulators of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract are remarkable technological platforms for studying the impact of food on the gut microbiota, enabling continuous and real-time monitoring of key biomarkers. In these systems, comprehensive real-time monitoring of gaseous biomarkers is required with a cost-effective approach, which has be...
The polymer thin-film memristors were fabricated by means of a simple and low-cost spray coating printing technique, and later characterized. The realized polymer-based memristors present a sandwich structure composed of an indium tin oxide (ITO) bottom electrode, a biocompatible polymeric resistive layer consist of poly(3,4 ethyldioxythio-phene)po...
Physics deals with complex systems by reducing them to relationships between a limited number of relevant quantities and general principles. Since we live in a reality characterised by an increasing complexity in all fields, an indispensable challenge arises for education to turn basic science instruction into a key stage of education per se. Is it...
Even though a plethora of printing technologies are currently available and their potential for the fabrication of low-cost and flexible sensors has been widely investigated, systematically based, and statistically sustained comparative studies are missing in the literature. In this work, we compare screen, inkjet, and dispense printing for the fab...
Electrolyte-gated field-effect transistors (EG-FETs) are widely used in the growing field of biochemical sensing applications, due to their manifold advantages, such as large specific capacitance, low operating voltage, and intrinsic signal amplification. In this work, carbon nanotube EG-FET (EG-CNTFET)-based sensors for ammonium (NH4+) detection a...
Aptamers that undergo large conformational rearrangements at the surface of electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor (EG-FETs)-based biosensors can overcome the Debye length limitation in physiological high ionic strength environments. For the sensitive detection of small molecules, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that approach the dimensions of analytes...
Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Triboelectric nanogenerator is an innovative double-layer ridged structure with exceptional capabilities for powering and integrating low-energy electronics seamlessly into various wearable and healthcare devices, as demonstrated by Raheel Riaz, Luisa Petti, and co-workers in article 2202106. Besides efficiently generati...
The research interest towards wearable sensing devices has rapidly increased in recent years, due to the importance that personalized healthcare monitoring has gained in our everyday life. In this context, electrolyte-gated field-effect transistors (EG-FETs) for sensing applications are receiving increasing attention, owing to their intrinsic signa...
While being virtually mandatory to any sustainable agricultural activity, plant protection products pose sensible risks due to the side effects of improper application techniques.Monitoring of the application parameters is therefore of paramount importance. In particular, one of the most interesting parameter to monitor is the deposition pattern, w...
Printing technologies have emerged as a viable method for the fabrication of various electronic components, including sensors, actuators, energy harvesters, thin‐film transistors and circuits, as well as antennas. However, printing processes have limitations in terms of surface roughness and thickness. Printing conductive structures on novel substr...
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have demonstrated great promise especially for the realization of self‐powered biomedical sensors. Nevertheless, developing TENG sensors able to detect the broad range of biomechanical movements experienced on the human body is still a challenge. Herein, a unique ridge‐structured device sensitive to wide range o...
CNTs based chemiresistive gas sensors are known to not fully recover to the baseline after gas exposure. This is why often heat is applied to thermally activate the sensor and improve the gas desorption process occurring at the surface. In this paper, we combine single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) with conjugated polymers (CPs) i.e., Poly(3-hexylthiophene)...
In this paper, we present a custom-designed and flexible readout circuitry for the characterization of flexible and planar electrolyte-gated carbon nanotube field-effect transistor-based biosensors for ammonium detection in sweat. We employed spray-deposited semiconducting carbon nanotubes as active material, and functionalized the devices with pre...
Solid-state chemiresistive gas sensors have attracted a lot of researchers' attention during the last half-century thanks to their ability to detect different gases with high sensitivity, low power consumption, low cost, and high portability. Among the most promising sensitive materials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted a lot of interest due...
The growing usage and consumption of electronics‐integrated items into the daily routine has raised concerns on the disposal and proper recycling of these components. Here, a fully sustainable and green technology for the fabrication of different electronics on fruit‐waste derived paper substrate, is reported. The process relies on the carbonizatio...
Light control of living systems is an emerging field in bioelectronics, in regenerative medicine and cell‐based therapy. Herein, the design of a semitransparent bio–photoelectrolytic platform for control of a neuroblastoma cell line via light pulses is laid out. The platform is based on conjugated polymer films interfaced with a biological electrol...
Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in detectors capable of detecting single photons in the near-infrared (NIR), mainly due to the emergence of new applications such as light detection and ranging (LiDAR) for, e.g., autonomous driving. A silicon single-photon avalanche diode is surely one of the most interesting and available technologie...
Recently, the interest in silicon-based detectors capable of detecting single photons in the near-infrared is growing mainly due to LiDAR applications, autonomous driving in particular. Silicon single-photon avalanche diodes are one of the most interesting single-photon NIR technology available on the market, nevertheless, their efficiency is hinde...
In this work, the comparison between two different gate electrode layouts (square-shaped and U-shaped, designed with the same area) for flexible and planar electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor-based sensors for ammonium detection is reported. Spray-deposited semiconducting carbon nanotubes were employed as active material, while the functional...
This poster was made on the topic 'Printed heaters for shape memory effect' and was presented in the European Maker Faire 2022 held in Rome, Italy in october 2022. I had joined University of Rome - Tor Vergata who held a stall at the faire and was invited to present a poster at the stall. The work represents the usage of printed thin film heater ma...
In this work, a flexible and planar electrolyte-gated carbon nanotube field-effect transistor-based sensor for ammonium detection is reported. The active layer was manufactured by means of a spray-deposited semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) thin film. The device was functionalized with an ion-selective membrane, based on the nona...
Aptamers are chemically synthesized single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides
nowadays widely used in sensors and nanoscale devices as highly sensitive biorecognition elements. With proper design, aptamers are able to bind to a specific target molecule with high selectivity. To date, the systematic evolution of ligand by exponential enrichment (S...
Printable elastic conductors promise large-area stretchable sensor/actuator networks for healthcare, wearables and robotics, among other areas. Force pressure sensors are one of their most attractive applications, although their large-area integration has been limited by difficulties in their processability or bendability and their use by their ins...
Over the past few years, wearable sensors have become more and more widespread, thanks to the possibility to perform non-invasive and real-time monitoring of various physiological parameters (e.g., heart rate, temperature, blood pressure). One of the most interesting source of information is the sweat, being rich of metabolites, proteins, ions, etc...
The precise monitoring of environmental contaminants and agricultural plant stress factors, respectively responsible for damages to our ecosystems and crop losses, has nowadays become a topic of uttermost importance. This is also highlighted by the recent introduction of the so-called “Sustainable Development Goals” of the United Nations, which aim...
A delivery platform of active compounds on demand has been developed, composed of a flexible mat of CO2-derived poly (propylene carbonate) (PPC) electrospun fibers, loaded with antioxidant cinnamon essential oil (CEO), covered with poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The PED...