Paolo Bellavite

Homeopathic Medicine School of Verona · Research

Arnica montana (Arnica m.) is used for its purported anti-inflammatory and tissue healing actions after trauma, bruises, or tissue injuries, but its cellular and molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. This work tested Arnica m. effects on gene expression using an in vitro model of macrophages polarized towards a "wound-healing" phenotype. The mo...

Background Arnica montana is a popular traditional remedy widely used in complementary medicine, also for its wound healing properties. Despite its acknowledged action in clinical settings at various doses, the molecular aspects relating to how A. montana promotes wound healing remain to be elucidated. To fill this gap, we evaluated the whole plant...

It has been claimed that the homeopathic principle of 'similarity' (or 'similia') and the use of individualized remedies in extremely low doses conflicts with scientific laws, but this opinion can be disputed on the basis of recent scientific advances. Several mechanisms to explain the responsiveness of cells to ultra-low doses and the similarity a...

Homeopathy is founded on 'holistic' and 'vitalistic' paradigms, which may be interpreted--at least in part--in terms of a framework provided by the theory of dynamic systems and of complexity. The conceptual models and some experimental findings from complexity science may support the paradoxical claims of similia principle and of dilution/dynamiza...

Homeopathy was born as an experimental discipline, as can be seen from the enormous amount of homeopathic data collected over more than two centuries. However, the medical tradition of homeopathy has been separated from that of conventional science for a long time. Conventional scientific wisdom dictates that homeopathy should have no effect above...

Clarifying and differentiating the causes of diseases is an essential step in any clinical activity, but it takes on particular relevance and complexity in the case that arise following vaccinations. The WHO has proposed a protocol that uses a list of specific questions about vaccine-related adverse events and an algorithm for making a judgement. H...

Despite all the progress made by science in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and cancers, these are still the main reasons for hospitalizations and death in the Western world. Among the possible causes of this situation, disorders related to hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance (Hyperin/IR) are still little-known topics. A...

We present the case of a female who developed cerebral venous thrombosis with thrombocytopenia after inoculation with the anti-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaxzevria vaccine, followed by splanchnic thrombosis and diffuse hemorrhages. Despite receiving treatment, the complications increased, and hence therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) was att...

BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a complex condition whose pathogenesis may include inflammation and signs of joint and bone degeneration. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the severity of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and inflammatory blood parameters. METHODS: The study recruited p...

This opinion article highlights the potential alterations caused by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia on the cardiovascular system and their negative impact on heart failure (HF), and describes the potential benefits of an early screening with consequent prompt treatment. HF is the final event of several different cardiovascular diseases. Its...

As a result of the spread of SARS-CoV-2, a global pandemic was declared. Indiscriminate COVID-19 vaccination has been extended to include age groups and naturally immune people with minimal danger of suffering serious complications due to COVID-19. Solid immuno-histopathological evidence demonstrates that the COVID-19 genetic vaccines can display a...

Insulin resistance (IR) and the associated hyperinsulinemia are early pathophysiological changes which, if not well treated, can lead to type 2 diabetes, endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. While diabetes care is fairly well standardized, the prevention and treatment of IR lacks a single pharmaceutical approach and many lifestyle an...

Si sta discutendo (chissà fin quando…) della Commissione d'Inchiesta sulla gestione della pandemia. Uno dei punti-chiave riguarda l'indagine sui ritardi delle cure e accertare eventuali omissioni, errori, reati e rispettive responsabilità. L'approccio italiano alla pandemia da parte delle istituzioni sanitarie pubbliche ha rivelato notevoli carenz...

Recently, in Italy, a flowchart to be used by General Practitioners for the at-home treatment of patients with COVID-19, has been released. It states that early at-home treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection is possible due to the availability of specific antiviral drugs to be used in at-risk patients, and that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NS...

As a result of the spread of SARS-CoV-2, a global pandemic was declared. Indiscriminate COVID-19 vaccination has been extended to include age groups and naturally immune people with minimal danger of suffering serious complications due to COVID-19. Solid immuno-histopatholog-ical evidence demonstrates that the COVID-19 genetic vaccines can display...

The SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 disease) uses the Spike proteins of its envelope for infecting target cells expressing on the membrane the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) enzyme that acts as a receptor. To control the pandemic, genetically engineered vaccines have been designed for i...

Neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those related to aging, are on the rise, but drug therapies are rarely curative. Functional disorders and the organic degeneration of nervous tissue often have complex causes, in which phenomena of oxidative stress, inflammation and cytotoxicity are intertwined. For these reasons, the search...

After starting in late 2019, COVID-19 spread worldwide, and Italy was one of the first Western nations to be seriously affected. At that time, both the virus and the disease were little known and there were no Evidence-Based Medicine indications for treatment. The Italian Health Ministry guidelines claimed that, unless oxygen saturation fell to <92...

In the past 2 years, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has driven investigational studies and controlled clinical trials on antiviral treatments and vaccines that have undergone regulatory approval. Now that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants may become endemic over time, there remains a...

Objective: We investigated the effects of three different homeopathic medicines in several dilutions/dynamizations on mice, using validated models which explore anxiety-like and emotional symptoms. Two complete series of investigations were performed in order to assess the activity of Gelsemium sempervirens; furthermore, we investigated Ignatia ama...

Background This retrospective study aimed to investigate outcomes and hospitalization rates in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of early COVID-19 treated at home with prescribed and non-prescribed treatments. Material/Methods The medical records of a cohort of 158 Italian patients with early COVID-19 treated at home were analyzed. Treatments co...

Background: ZINCUM METALLICUM (ZM) is a homeopathic medicine whose materia medica is defined by diverse behavioral and mental symptoms, including depression. Moreover, as a microelement, zinc itself is involved in several functions of Central Nervous System, including development and cell maturity during the intra-uterus life. Aims: Herein, the put...

The Multicenter International Project suggests Zincum Mettalicum high diluted as object of study in different experimental models. Aim: evaluate the effect of substance high diluted Zincum metallicum in murine experimental infection by Trypanosoma cruzi. Metodology: was performed a blind, controlled, randomized, using 60 swiss male mice, 56 days ol...

Background: Immunomodulatory properties are evoked by many highly diluted drugs and may be the base of complex systemic effects of the remedies in the organism. Monocyte/macrophages exert a pivotal role in innate immunity regulation and in inflammation. THP-1 cells have become one of most widely used cell lines to investigate the function and regul...

Background: A proinflammatory environment is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases where astrocyte involvement is also well established. Astrocytes and microglia in central nervous system are mainly involved in the release of cytokines, oxygen free radicals and nitric oxide (NO). Several studies on C6 astroglioma cells, a widely used in...

Background: Nanoparticles (NP), because of their size (< 1μm) and high relative surface area, are highly reactive forms of their source material with biological, chemical, optical, electromagnetic, and thermal properties different from larger bulk forms of the same material. It has been speculated that NPs can occur in homeopathic products as a fu...

Executive Summary The demand for dietary supplements in Malaysia is on an upward trajectory similar to global trends, due to increasing awareness regarding personal health and well-being, in addition to evolving eating habits amid time-pressed and hectic urban lifestyles. This is because dietary supplements have been proven to boost immunity, reduc...

Homeopathy is often attacked with claims of not being evidence-based or for the implausible nature of its major principles of dilution/potentization and/or the similars (“similia similibus curentur”). However, these statements have already been falsified on the experimental ground, besides being incorrect on an epistemological level. Here we provid...

I polifenoli alimentari costituiscono una grande famiglia di sostanze con proprietà benefiche in un ampio gruppo di malattie trasmissibili e non trasmissibili. Questi composti supportano e migliorano le difese dell'organismo contro lo stress ossidativo e sono utili nella prevenzione di patologie legate alla sindrome metabolica. Molti prodotti natur...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects the lungs but also the cardiovascular system, especially since the spike protein of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), existing on the membrane of many cell species, as a receptor. This connection has consequences on the renin-...

Pancreatic cancer (PaCa) is one of the deadliest cancers known and its incidence is increasing in the developed countries. Because of the lack of biomarkers that allow early detection and the tendency of the disease to be asymptomatic, the diagnosis comes often too late for effective surgical or chemotherapy intervention. Lifestyle factors, that ma...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects the lungs but also the cardiovascular system, especially since the spike protein of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), existing on the membrane of many cell species, as a receptor. This connection has consequences on the renin-...

Food polyphenols constitute a large family of substances with beneficial properties in a large group of communicable and non-communicable diseases. These compounds support and improve the body's defences against oxidative stress and are helpful in the prevention of pathologies related to metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, they exhibit anti-inflammato...

Drosera rotundifolia has been traditionally used for the treatment of respiratory diseases in phytotherapy and homeopathy. The mechanisms of action recognized so far are linked to the known effects of specific components, such as flavonoids, but are not completely understood. In this study, the biological functions of D. rotundifolia were explored...

Vaccine surveillance programs are crucial for the analysis of the vaccine’s safety profile and the guidance of health policies. The Epidemiological Observatory of the Italian Apulia Region carried out an active surveillance program of adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) after the first dose of the measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) va...

Some questions about a "theory" of the action mechanism of mRNA vaccines

Nella relazione presentata alla FDA per l'autorizzazione del vaccino mRNA-1273-Moderna (December 17, 2020 Meeting Presentation-Emergency Use Authorization Application) si vedono una serie di figure che "cantano le meraviglie" del vaccino, tra cui quella che qui riporto (i punti interrogativi sono miei). Una certa Melissa J. Moore, Chief Scientific...

Some anecdotal reports of adverse events following vaccination with adenoviral vaccines related to neurological disorders. Although not considered causally related to the vaccine, the critical issue requires the utmost caution. In light of the fact that HEK293 cells, in which the vaccine adenoviruses are grown, are neuronal lineage, and that the vi...

Tra i tanti approcci alla prevenzione del Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), il possibile ruolo della nutrizione è stato finora piuttosto sottovalutato. Gli alimenti sono molto ricchi di sostanze con un potenziale effetto benefico sulla salute e alcune di queste potrebbero avere un'azione antivirale o essere importanti nel modulare il sistema immunitario...

Vaccine surveillance programs are crucial for the analysis of the vaccine’s safety profile and the guidance of health policies. The Epidemiological Observatory of the Italian Apulia Region carried out an active surveillance program of adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) after the first dose of the measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) va...

Among the many approaches to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention, the possible role of nutrition has so far been rather underestimated. Foods are very rich in substances, with a potential beneficial effect on health, and some of these could have an antiviral action or be important in modulating the immune system and in defending cells fr...

I virus costituiscono una delle maggiori fonti d'infezioni nelle comunità scolastiche. Le scuole, in particolare, rappresentano ambienti ad elevato rischio in quanto i bambini e gli adolescenti presentano elevati attack-rate, contribuendo notevolmente alla trasmissione dell'infezione nella comunità. I virus possono essere trasmessi in ambienti con...

Among the many approaches to COVID-19 prevention, the possible role of diet has so far been somewhat marginal. Nutrition is very rich in substances with a potential beneficial effect on health and some of these could have an antiviral action or in any case be important in modulating the immune system and in defending cells from the oxidative stress...

La pandemia di COVID-19 ha indotto il Governo a estendere e rafforzare la raccomandazione di vaccinazione antinfluenzale, e varie Regioni ne hanno ordinato l’obbligo per anziani e personale sanitario. Ad oggi, però, le ricerche più valide su anziani hanno dimostrato la sua utilità solo in cardiopatici in fase attiva, mentre per non cardiopatici le...

Credere che un aumento forzato di vaccinazione antiinfluenzale, scarsamente efficace e coprente piccola parte delle malattie respiratorie, aiuti a fare diagnosi di Covid-19 è segno di non avere idea di cosa sia una diagnosi medica. Proposto per motivi poco chiari sulle ali del terrore diffuso dal continuo bombardamento massmediatico, tale obbligo v...

Background and Aim Arnica montana L. (Arnica m.) is a popular traditional medicine, used for its therapeutic properties in healing traumas, but little is known about its biological action on tissue formation and repair. This new work tested the effects of Arnica m. homeopathic dilutions on human macrophages, key cells in tissue defence and repair....

The analysis of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) is important in a balanced epidemiological evaluation of vaccines and in the issues related to vaccine injury compensation programs. The majority of adverse reactions to vaccines occur as excessive or biased inflammatory and immune responses. These unwanted phenomena, occasionally severe,...

Ferme restando le indicazioni e prescrizioni delle autorità sanitarie centrali e regionali, qui si illustrano semplici misure igieniche e di salute generale, potenzialmente utili alla prevenzione dell'infezione da Coronavirus. La maggior parte di queste indicazioni riguardano il mantenimento delle migliori condizioni di salute di base, che aiutano...

The analysis of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) is important in a balanced epidemiological evaluation of vaccines and in the issues related to national vaccine injury compensation programs. If manufacturing defects or vaccine storage and delivering errors are excluded, the majority of adverse reactions to vaccines occur as excessive or...

Sono stati pubblicati nel sito Epicentro (ISS) i dati sulla epidemiologia del morbillo nel 2019. Poiché nel 2020 saranno passati tre anni dalla legge 119/2017 (Lorenzin) in cui sta scritto che potrebbe esser revisionata in base ai dati epidemiologici, ho fatto qualche calcolo. Le figure sono nel file PDF. I dati mostrano che, in base alle copertur...

This presentation (figures and oral text) deals with three main points: the first if Homeopathy is a medical science or a pseudoscience as someone claims, the second concerns a synthesis of the experimental activities showing that Homeopathy actually is (also) a science, with a focus on those of my group, the third an attempt to explain the homeopa...

Delle 10 malattie per cui la legge 119/2017 ha imposto l’obbligo vaccinale, la quasi totalità ha dei tassi di incidenza medi bassissimi e pure il morbillo è sotto controllo anche se non eliminato, problema europeo legato alla scarsa efficacia del vaccino e allo spostamento delle età di insorgenza più che alla mancata copertura pediatrica. L’allarme...

In June 2019, the journal PLoS ONE retracted an original research article, published in 2016, which described the effects of homeopathic Arnica montana on interleukin-4 treated human macrophages. The results showed an increase in extracellular matrix gene expression, including the gene encoding fibronectin, which is one of the main proteins involve...

Please note that the journal name is: “Journal of Alternative, Complementary and Integrative Medicine”. Introduction Homeopathy is a therapeutic natural medical alternative that is widely and increasing-ly being used, even for pediatric patients. Given this trend, it is essential that clinicians have the re-sources to advise their patients as to t...

Qui si descrive la malattia prodotta dal Clostridio del tetano, la sua epidemiologia e la vaccinazione, con particolare attenzione alla valutazione del rapporto tra benefici (protezione dalla malattia) e rischi (anafilassi e neurite brachiale)

In Italia è in corso un acceso dibattito sulla prossima "riforma" delle strategie vaccinali prevista dal ddl 770 ora in discussione in Commissione Sanità e prossimo alla presentazione alle Aule. Uno degli aspetti più controversi riguarda il fatto che nel regime normale la strategia sarebbe basata sulla "raccomandazione", mentre, in caso di pericolo...

Il numero appena uscito (gennaio-febbraio 2019) della Rivista "Epidemiologia e Prevenzione" pubblica un lavoro sulla vaccinazione anti-pertosse, dal titolo "Epidemiologia della pertosse e strategie di prevenzione: problemi e prospettive (Epidemiology of pertussis and prevention strategies: problems and perspectives)" a firma mia, di Alberto Donzell...

Il rapporto tra benefici e rischi comprende la valutazione e l’interazione dei seguenti fattori: La gravità della malattia considerata e l’esistenza o meno di cure (antibiotici, immunoglobuline, disponibilità di terapie intensive) L’incidenza (molto diversa secondo le aree geografiche) Le tendenze epidemiologiche nel passato e le proiezioni nel te...

A recurrent topic in the debate on the mandatory immunisations, invoked by doctors, politicians, and parents, is the need to protect the right of immunocompromised children to attend preschool and school without taking serious risks. Data and evidence-based information can greatly reduce excessive fears and unreasonable emotional reactions. This pa...

Riassunto per punti Il rapporto tra benefici e rischi è il parametro di riferimento fondamentale per le strategie vaccinali, che idealmente devono essere diverse da malattia a malattia e comprendere la valutazione dei seguenti fattori:  La gravità della malattia considerata  La sua incidenza nelle diverse aree geografiche  Le tendenze epidemio...

Ho letto l'opera "L'Opposizione Polare" di Romano Guardini e mi è sembrata interessante e stimolante, ma anche difficile, per cui ho pensato di fare una sintesi con figure. Si tratta di una profonda riflessione sulla vita e le sue "regole" che possono sembrare paradossali, costituite da opposizioni fondamentali e non riconciliabili, che generano un...

La Rivista "Vaccine" è una delle più importanti nel settore ed ha ospitato, in marzo, un articolo di ricercatori dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità in cui si magnificava l'importanza delle vaccinazioni, sulla base di una stima di quante morti e quanti casi sarebbero stati evitati grazie ai vaccini. La stessa rivista, nel numero di settembre, ha ospi...

Audizione sul problema dei vaccini e legge 119/2017. L'"utilità" dei vaccini come mezzi di prevenzione delle malattie infettive è fatto assodato nella cultura medica. Il problema attuale riguarda la questione se l'imposizione di un obbligo vaccinale così ampio come quello contemplato dalla legge 119/17 sia realmente volto alla preservazione dello s...

Homeopathy, as all Medicine, is both “art” and “science”. While clinical research answers to the question of “if” and “when” homeopathic remedies are able to re-establish and do actually re-establish health, basic sciences like biology, immunology, pathology, chemistry, physics and pharmacology generate several plausible hypotheses about “how” high...

Objective The main purpose of this article is to report the systematic data collection pertaining to the consultations of a group of qualified homeopathic physicians. Studies have been performed concerning: (1) the most frequently treated pathologies; (2) the symptoms reported by patients, with a particular focus on “fear” symptoms; and (3) the eva...

The aim of this paper (in Italian) is to analyse the trend of measles infection and specifically the 2017 epidemic in Italy. Based on available epidemiologic and demographic data the following were calculated: vaccination coverage for each age-group, effectiveness of the anti-measles vaccine and the threshold of the herd immunity effect. The data p...

Riassunto Per quanto la complessità del sistema immunitario sia fuori discussione, le applicazioni pratiche della vaccinologia sono spesso improntate a strategie semplicistiche e basate su un pensiero “lineare”. In questo lavoro sono evidenziati i meccanismi di base delle difese dalle infezioni, con un particolare approfondimento sui meccanismi mo...

Gelsemium sempervirens L. (Gelsemium) is traditionally used for its anxiolytic-like properties and its action mechanism in laboratory models are under scrutiny. Evidence from rodent models was reported suggesting the existence of a high sensitivity of central nervous system to anxiolytic power of Gelsemium extracts and Homeopathic dilutions. In vit...

Arnica montana is a popular traditional remedy widely used in complementary and alternative medicine, in part for its wound-healing properties. The authors recently showed that this plant extract and several of its homeopathic dilutions are able to modify the expression of a series of genes involved in inflammation and connective tissue regeneratio...

Il tema delle vaccinazioni rappresenta un campo di interfaccia tra medicina e legislazione, tanto che recentemente si è aperto un vivo dibattito a seguito del decreto legislativo, poi convertito in legge 119/17, che introduce l’obbligatorietà di 10 vaccini in Italia. Poiché la Costituzione Italiana (Art. 32) contempera il diritto individuale di sa...

RIASSUNTO Questo lavoro costituisce una rassegna delle attuali teorie riguardanti la farmaco-dinamica del medicinale omeopatico. E' necessario partire dall'idea che la patolo-gia rappresenti una conseguenza della perturbazione di sistemi molecolari e bio-elettrodinamici nell'organismo: le HD potrebbero trasportare un'informazione in grado di sposta...

Viene qui trascritto un ”botta e risposta” tra il prof. Gilberto Corbellini e il prof. Paolo Bellavite, svoltosi sul ”Sole 24 Ore” (21 agosto e 1 ottobre), con una replica finale di Bellavite, non pubblicata. Il dibattito illustra in maniera esemplare due posizioni diverse su tale controversa materia.

Trattasi delle figure presentate nel corso di una conferenza sul problema dei vaccini, particolarmente focalizzandosi sul ricorso della Regione Veneto per l'incostituzionalità del decreto "Lorenzin" e della legge di conversione 119/17

Arnica montana (Arnica m.), native to the temperate region of Europe, is an herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family and is widely distributed in mountainous area. This is one of the most popular remedies traditionally used in complementary medicine to treat several pathological conditions like contusion, swelling associate...

E’ stato depositato il ricorso della Regione Veneto per la dichiarazione di illegittimità costituzionale del Decreto Legge “Lorenzin” recante “Disposizioni urgenti in materia di prevenzione vaccinale”, decreto che poi è stato convertito in legge con qualche modifica. http://www.regione.veneto.it/web/guest/dettaglio-giunta-news?_spp_detailId=313278...

Questo lavoro tratta alcuni temi della discussione apertasi tra medici e nella società sulle vaccinazioni. Esso è concepito come uno strumento di documentazione e di riflessione per gli Ordini Provinciali dei Medici chirurghi e degli Odontoiatri e per i Responsabili della Sanità pubblica. Negli ultimi vent’anni si è aperto un dibattito anche tra gl...

Nel 2017 si è avuto un "outbreak" di morbillo con circa 4000 casi, conclusosi nel mese di agosto. In base a tale andamento (che nel maggio 2017 contava circa 2500 casi) le autorità sanitarie hanno lanciato molti allarmi, finalizzati alla approvazione del decreto che introduce l'obbligo vaccinale. In questo lavoro si dimostra che tale aumento non è...

NB: Questo manoscritto è stato ritirato per prudenza e per protesta a seguito della approvazione del decreto sull'obbligo vaccinale. Esso trattava di alcuni temi della discussione apertasi tra medici e nella società sulle vaccinazioni. Esso è concepito come uno strumento di documentazione e di riflessione per gli Ordini Provinciali dei Medici chiru...

Zinc is an important metal in body homeostasis at different levels. Zinc in soluble form (Zn²⁺) and homeopathic Zincum metallicum were tested in macrophages and astrocytes in order to investigate its potential toxic or therapeutic effects. We evaluated cell viability (WST assay), cytokine production such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and i...

Al recente congresso dell’European Committee for Homeopathy, tenutosi a Vienna in novembre, la lectio magistralis è stata tenuta dal dr. Robert Hahn del Dipartimento di Anestesiologia dell’università di Linköping, Svezia. Il relatore è un medico che non ha mai studiato omeopatia ma ha grande esperienza di ricerca clinica convenzionale. Egli ha dimo...

Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate whether the number of succussion strokes applied after each dilution step when preparing the homeopathic treatments influences the effectiveness of ultra-high-diluted (UHD) arsenic trioxide at the 45th decimal dilution/dynamization (As2O3 45x). Design Wheat seeds, previously stressed with ponderal...

In questa relazione Bellavite cita alcune ricerche sue e del suo gruppo, iniziate nei primi anni ’90, assieme ad aggiornamenti dello stato della ricerca sperimentale. L’Osservatorio per le Medicine Complementari di Verona è operativo dal 1997, primo in Italia, ed ha curato in collaborazione con l’Ordine dei Medici Chirurghi e Odontoiatri la pubblic...

Objective: To test the effect of Arnica montana (Arnica m.) on human macrophages. Method: The human monocytic leukaemia cell line THP-1 was cultured and differentiated in mature macrophages with PMA and other differentiating agents. Macrophages were exposed to Arnica m. homeopathic dilutions (2c, 3c, 5c, 9c and 15c) or Control solvent. Total RNA wa...

Breve intervista a Paolo Bellavite sulla sua esperienza di ricerca e la medicina integrata