Paola Inverardi

• University of L'Aquila

As testified by new regulations like the European AI Act, worries about the human and societal impact of (autonomous) software technologies are becoming of public concern. Human, societal, and environmental values, alongside traditional software quality, are increasingly recognized as essential for sustainability and long-term well-being. Tradition...

As testified by new regulations like the European AI Act, worries about the human and societal impact of (autonomous) software technologies are becoming of public concern. Human, societal, and environmental values, alongside traditional software quality, are increasingly recognized as essential for sustainability and long-term well-being. Tradition...

GitHub provides developers with a practical way to distribute source code and collaboratively work on common projects. To enhance account security and privacy, GitHub allows its users to manage access permissions, review audit logs, and enable two-factor authentication. However, despite the endless effort, the platform still faces various issues re...

GitHub provides developers with a practical way to distribute source code and collaboratively work on common projects. To enhance account security and privacy, GitHub allows its users to manage access permissions, review audit logs, and enable two-factor authentication. However, despite the endless effort, the platform still faces various issues re...

The aim of this paper is to represent humans' soft-ethical preferences by means of dispositional properties. We begin by examining real-life situations, termed as scenarios, that involve ethical dilemmas. Users engage with these scenarios, making decisions on how to act and providing justifications for their choices. We adopt a dispositional approa...

As testified by new regulations like the European AI act, the worries about the societal impact of (autonomous) software technologies are becoming of public concern. Social and human values, besides the traditional software behaviour and quality, are increasingly recognized as important for sustainability and long-term well-being. In this paper, we...

As intelligent systems become more autonomous, humans increasingly delegate important tasks and decisions to them. On the one hand, this approach seems to be very supportive to humans, on the other it generates apprehension about a future dominated by machines. These contrasting viewpoints encapsulate what in literature is usually referred to as au...

The rise of AI-based and autonomous systems is raising concerns and apprehension due to potential negative repercussions arising from their behavior or decisions. These systems must be designed to comply with the human contexts in which they will operate. To this extent, Townsend et al. (2022) introduce the concept of SLEEC (social, legal, ethical,...

Protecting privacy and ethics of citizens is among the core concerns raised by an increasingly digital society. Profiling users is common practice for software applications triggering the need for users, also enforced by laws, to manage privacy settings properly. Users need to properly manage these settings to protect personally identifiable inform...

In the modern digital world users need to make privacy and security choices that have far-reaching consequences. Researchers are increasingly studying people's decisions when facing with privacy and security trade-offs, the pressing and time consuming disincentives that influence those decisions, and methods to mitigate them. This work aims to pres...

The rapid growth in autonomous technology has made it possible to develop intelligent systems that can think and act like humans and can self-govern. Such intelligent systems can make ethical decisions on behalf of humans by learning their ethical preferences. When considering ethics in the decision-making process of autonomous systems that represe...

The development and the spread of increasingly autonomous digital technologies in our society pose new ethical challenges beyond data protection and privacy violation. Users are unprotected in their interactions with digital technologies and at the same time autonomous systems are free to occupy the space of decisions that is prerogative of each hu...

Privacy and ethics of citizens are at the core of the concerns raised by our increasingly digital society. Profiling users is standard practice for software applications triggering the need for users, also enforced by laws, to properly manage privacy settings. Users need to manage software privacy settings properly to protect personally identifiabl...

The development and the spread of increasingly autonomous digital technologies in our society pose new ethical challenges beyond data protection and privacy violation. Users are unprotected in their interactions with digital technologies and at the same time autonomous systems are free to occupy the space of decisions that is prerogative of each hu...

Autonomous systems make decisions independently or on behalf of the user. This will happen more and more in the future, with the widespread use of AI technologies in the fabric of the society that impacts on the social, economic, and political sphere. Automating services and processes inevitably impacts on the users’ prerogatives and puts at danger...

Context-aware systems are able to sense and adapt to the environment. Mobile applications can benefit from context-awareness since they incur to context changes during their execution. A detailed understanding of the context is needed to know what a context-aware system should sense and adapt to. This paper introduces a statistical approach that he...

Software systems are often built by composing services distributed over the network. Choreographies are a form of decentralized composition that models the external interaction of the services by specifying peer-to-peer message exchanges from a global perspective. When third-party services are involved, usually black-box services to be reused, actu...

Modern software-intensive and pervasive systems need to be able to manage different requirements of variability, adaptation and evolution. The latter are surely related properties, all bringing uncertainty, but covering different aspects and requiring different approaches. Testing of such systems introduces many challenges: variability would requir...

Software systems are increasingly autonomous in making decisions on behalf of potential users. In these systems, the power of self goes beyond the ability of substituting human agents operating on software systems and exceeds the system boundaries invading the user prerogatives. Privacy and ethical issues are at the top of the research agenda in (b...

Component, connector, and coordination have been key concepts exploited in different communities to manage the complexity of concurrent and distributed system development. In this paper, we discuss three approaches within three different classes: composition in software architectures, coordination models, and programming abstractions for concurrenc...

Citizens of the digital world are threatened. The digital systems that surround them are increasingly able to make autonomous decisions over and above them and on their behalf. They feel that their moral rights, as well as the social, economic and political spheres, can be affected by the behavior of such systems. Although unavoidable, the digital...

Providing assurances for self-adaptive systems is challenging. A primary underlying problem is uncertainty that may stem from a variety of different sources, ranging from incomplete knowledge to sensor noise and uncertain behavior of humans in the loop. Providing assurances that the self-adaptive system complies with its requirements calls for an e...

Providing assurances for self-adaptive systems is challenging. A primary underlying problem is uncertainty that may stem from a variety of different sources, ranging from incomplete knowledge to sensor noise and uncertain behavior of humans in the loop. Providing assurances that the self-adaptive system complies with its requirements calls for an e...

Ubiquitous and Pervasive Computing, and the Internet of Things, promote dynamic interaction among heterogeneous systems. To achieve this vision, interoperability among heterogeneous systems represents a key enabler, and mediators are often built to solve protocol mismatches. Many approaches propose the synthesis of mediators. Unfortunately, a rigor...

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Software Architecture, ECSA 2019, held in Paris, France, in September 2019. In the Research Track, 11 full papers presented together with 4 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 63 submissions. They are organized in topical sections as follows: Servic...

To protect the privacy of end users from intended or unintended malicious behaviour, the Android operating system provides a permissions-based security model that restricts access to privacy-relevant parts of the platform. Starting with Android 6, the permission system has been revamped, moving to a run-time model. Users are now prompted for confir...

In the near future we will be surrounded by a virtually infinite number of software applications that provide services in the digital space. This situation promotes reuse-based software production through composition of existing software services distributed over the Internet. Choreographies are a form of decentralized composition that model the ex...

Situational Aware cyber-physical systems must be aware of its surroundings and use this information to decide and act accordingly. Architectural decisions will be appreciated if they can preserve architecture qualities along with human satisfaction under different situations. The CAPS environment has valuable frameworks to reason about the possible...

Context awareness increasingly becomes an essential attribute for software systems. Mobile applications may benefit from context awareness since they incur to context changes during their execution. Accordingly, mobile applications can adapt their structure and behavior as a way to preserve the service quality they offer under the different context...

Mobile applications experience context changes during their execution, moreover their success depends on the user satisfaction that is strictly related to application quality. However, context changes may affect system quality and therefore user satisfaction, hence mobile applications may greatly benefit from context awareness that allows the appli...

In this chapter, we explain how to extract and learn run-time models that a system can use for self-aware performance and resource management in data centers. We abstract from concrete formalisms and identify extraction aspects relevant for performance models. We categorize the learning aspects into: i) model structure, ii) model parametrization (e...

Self-aware computing systems are envisaged to exploit the knowledge of their own software architecture, hardware infrastructure and environment in order to follow high-level goals through proactively adapting as their environment evolves. This chapter describes two classes of key enabling techniques for self-adaptive systems: automated synthesis an...

We define the notion of “self-aware computing” and the relationship of this term to related terms such as autonomic computing, self-management, and similar. The need for a new definition, driven by trends that are only partially addressed by existing areas of research, is motivated. The semantics of the provided definition are discussed in detail e...

Self-aware computing systems exhibit a number of characteristics (e.g., autonomy, social ability, and proactivity) which have already been studied in different research areas, such as artificial intelligence, organic computing, or autonomic and self-adaptive systems. This chapter provides an overview of strongly related concepts and areas of study...

Providing assurances for self-adaptive systems is challenging. A primary underlying problem is uncertainty that may stem from a variety of different sources, ranging from incomplete knowledge to sensor noise and uncertain behavior of humans in the loop. Providing assurances that the self-adaptive system complies with its requirements calls for an e...

Abstract Our everyday life is pervaded by the use of a number of heterogeneous systems that are continuously and dynamically available in the networked environment to interoperate to achieve some goal. Goals may include both functional and non functional aspects and the evolving nature of such environment requires automated solutions as means to re...

Adaptation of software components is an important issue in Component Based Software Engineering (CBSE). Building a system from reusable or Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components introduces a set of problems, mainly related to compatibility and communication aspects. On one hand, components may have incompatible interaction behavior. This might...

Ubiquitous networking empowered by Beyond 3G networking makes it possible for mobile users to access networked software services across heterogeneous infrastructures by resource-constrained devices. Heterogeneity and device limitedness creates serious problems for the development and deployment of mobile services that are able to run properly on th...

In the near future we will be surrounded by a virtually infinite number of software applications that provide services in the digital space. This situation radically changes the way software will be produced and used: (i) software is increasingly produced according to specific goals and by integrating existing software; (ii) the focus of software p...

The heterogeneity characterizing the systems populating the Ubiquitous Computing environment prevents their seamless interoperability. Heterogeneous protocols may be willing to cooperate in order to reach some common goal even though they meet dynamically and do not have a priori knowledge of each other. Despite numerous efforts have been done in t...

Future Internet research promotes the production of a distributed-computing environment that will be increasingly surrounded by a virtually infinite number of software services that can be composed to meet user needs. Services will be increasingly active entities that, communicating peer-to-peer, can proactively make decisions and autonomously perf...

Adaptation of software components is an important issue in Component Based Software Engineering (CBSE). Building a system from reusable or Commercial-O-The -Shelf (COTS) components introduces a set of issues, mainly related to compatibility and communication aspects. Components may have incompatible interaction behavior. Moreover it might be necess...

Choreographies are an emergent Service Engineering approach to compose together and coordinate distributed services. They represent a global specification of the interactions between the participant services. BPMN2 provides a dedicated notation, called Choreography Diagrams, to define choreographies. This paper presents a model transformation to au...

The Future Internet is becoming a reality, providing a large-scale computing environments where a virtually infinite number of available services can be discovered and composed so to fit users' needs. In order to enable this large-scale and evolvable computing environment, the ability to automatically compose and dynamically coordinate heterogeneou...

Dirsi letterata, dirsi femminista. La Società italiana delle letterate. di Serena Guarracino Contaminazioni di futuro. di Paola Inverardi Bibliografia dei volumi miscellanei da seminari e convegni SIL, 1996-2014. (a cura di) Serena Guarracino

Nowadays data-intensive software systems have to meet user expectations in ever-changing execution environments. The increasing space of possible context states and the limited capacity of mobile devices make no longer possible to incorporate all necessary software functionalities and data in the system. Instead, the system database has to be adapt...

In this paper we share our experience in the CHOReOS EU project. CHOReOS provides solutions for the development and execution of large scale choreographies for the Future Internet. Our main involvement in the project concerns the definition of a choreography development process based on automated synthesis of choreographies out of a large scale ser...

Uncertainty can be defined as the difference between information that is represented in an executing system and the information that is both measurable and available about the system at a certain point in its life-time. A software system can be exposed to multiple sources of uncertainty produced by, for example, ambiguous requirements and unpredict...

To be submitted to FASE 2014

The way in which software systems are produced is radically changing, by increasingly promoting the (re-)use of existent software artifacts. A flourishing of model-based engineering techniques has been defined for building, managing, verifying, validating and controlling software systems. Most approaches build on the assumption that suitable models...

Software is increasingly produced according to a certain goal and by integrating existing software produced by third-parties, typically black-box, and often provided without a machine readable documentation. This implies that development processes of the next future have to explicitly deal with an inherent incompleteness of information about existi...

This panel will discuss what characterizes the publication process in the software engineering community and debate how it serves the needs of the community, whether it is fair - e.g. valuable work gets published and mediocre work rejected - and highlight the obstacles for young scientists. The panel will conclude with a discussion on suggested nex...

A large class of systems can be specified and verified by abstracting away from the temporal aspects. This is the class of systems where time affects the performance but not the functional behaviour. In time-critical systems, instead, time issues become essential. Their correctness depends not only on which actions a system can perform but also on...

During the last decade, context-awareness and adaptation have been receiving significant attention in many research areas. For application developers, the heterogeneity of resource-constrained mobile terminals creates serious problems for the development of mobile applications able to run properly on a large number of different devices. Thus, resou...

The July 2013 Special Issue of Computing discusses papers on the achievements and challenges of software architects (SA). The first paper in this special issue, titled 'An Architectural Approach to the Analysis, Verification and Validation of Software Intensive Embedded Systems', deals with model checking based on an SA behavioral specification. Ba...

Ubiquitous and pervasive computing promotes the creation of an environment where Networked Systems (NSs) eternally provide connectivity and services without requiring explicit awareness of the underlying communications and computing technologies. In this context, achieving interoperability among heterogeneous NSs represents an important issue. In o...

Today's networked environment is characterized by a wide variety of heterogeneous systems that dynamically decide to interoperate to achieve some goal. In this context, systems meet and know each other at runtime when they want to start to interoperate. Given the huge heterogeneity and dynamism characterizing the described environment, automated so...

This is Part b of Deliverable D1.4, which specifies the final CHOReOS architectural style, that is, the types of components, connectors, and configurations that are composed within the Future Internet of services, as enabled by the CHOReOS technologies developed in WP2 to WP4 and integrated in the WP5 IDRE. The definition of the CHOReOS architectur...

The near future in service-oriented system development envisions a ubiquitous world of available services that collaborate to fit users' needs. Modern service-oriented applications are often built by reusing and assembling distributed services. This can be done by considering a global specification of the interactions between the participant servic...

Software systems are increasingly request to evolve during their life time. Evolutions cannot always be anticipated or it might not be convenient to anticipate all possible system changes. This introduces levels of uncertainty in the predictable behavior of the system. Variability explicitly introduced in the software life cycle can help reducing t...

In this paper, we discuss how for self-adaptive systems some activities that traditionally occur at development-time are moved to run-time. Responsibilities for these activities shift from software engineers to the system itself, causing the traditional boundary between development-time and run-time to blur. As a consequence, we argue how the tradi...

The goal of this roadmap paper is to summarize the state-of-the-art and identify research challenges when developing, deploying and managing self-adaptive software systems. Instead of dealing with a wide range of topics associated with the field, we focus on four essential topics of self-adaptation: design space for self-adaptive solutions, softwar...

The development of next generation Future Internet systems must be capable to address complexity, heterogeneity, interdependency and, especially, evolution of loosely connected networked systems. The European project Connect addresses the challenging and ambitious topic of ensuring eternally functioning distributed and heterogeneous systems through...

Ubiquitous software systems evolve their behavior at run-time because of uncertain environmental conditions and changing user needs. This paper describes our approach for a model-centric software evolution process of context-aware adaptive systems. Systems are represented following the feature engineering perspective and this modeling supports fore...

This document is the final publishable summary report, part of the CONNECT final report.

CONNECT adopts a revolutionary approach to the seamless networking of digital systems, that is, onthe- fly synthesis of the connectors via which networked systems communicate. Within CONNECT, the role of the WP3 work package is to devise automated and efficient approaches to the synthesis of such emergent connectors, provided the behavioral specifi...

In this deliverable, we document the progress of WP2 during the fourth year of the CONNECT project. Following the last reviews' recommendations, the work is organized into two main streams. One stream concerns a quantitative extension of the compositional specification theory devised during the previous two years, while the other integrates the WP2...

A traditional research direction in Software Architecture (SA) and dependability is to deduce system dependability properties from the knowledge of the system SA. This well reflects the fact that traditional systems are built by using the closed world assumption. In mobile and ubiquitous systems this line of reasoning becomes too restrictive to app...