Panagiotis Radoglou Grammatikis

University of Western Macedonia | UOWM · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

The smart grid provides advanced functionalities, including real-time monitoring, dynamic energy management, advanced pricing mechanisms, and self-healing, by enabling the two-way flow of power and data, as well as the use of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and devices. However, converting the traditional power grids to smart grids poses seve...

The technological leap of smart technologies has brought the conventional electrical grid in a new digital era called Smart Grid (SG), providing multiple benefits, such as two-way communication, pervasive control and self-healing. However, this new reality generates significant cybersecurity risks due to the heterogeneous and insecure nature of SG....

The interconnected and heterogeneous nature of the next-generation Electrical Grid (EG), widely known as Smart Grid (SG), bring severe cybersecurity and privacy risks that can also raise domino effects against other Critical Infrastructures (CIs). In this paper, we present an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) specially designed for the SG environmen...

The rise of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) introduces the healthcare ecosystem in a new digital era withmultiple benefits, such as remote medical assistance, real-time monitoring and pervasive control. However, despite the valuable healthcare services, this progression raises significant cybersecurity and privacy concerns. In this paper, we...

The progression of Software Defined Networking (SDN) and the virtualisation technologies lead to the beyond 5G era, providing multiple benefits in the smart economies. However, despite the advantages, security issues still remain. In particular, SDN/NFV and cloud/edge computing are related to various security issues. Moreover, due to the wireless n...

Federated learning (FL) is a novel methodology aiming at training machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models in a decentralized manner in order to solve three main problems seen in the artificial intelligence (AI) sector, namely, (a) model optimization, (b) data security and privacy, and (c) resource optimization. FL has been established a...

The centralization of data is a current practice in information systems that do not fit into the novel next-generation computing concept. Such a paradigm aims to support the distribution of information, processing, and computing power. Blockchain is a technology supporting the recording of information for distributed and decentralized, peer-to-peer...

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things has shaped the design and deployment of mobile networks to accommodate the need for ubiquitous connectivity and novel applications. The recent advancements in wireless communications and computing technologies allow the connection of a wider range and number of devices and systems, thereby enabling the des...

p>Recent trends in the modus operandi of technologically-aware criminal groups engaged in illicit goods trafficking (e.g., firearms, drugs, cultural artifacts, etc.) have given rise to significant security challenges. The use of cryptocurrency-based payments, 3D printing, social media and/or the Dark Web by organized crime leads to transactions bey...

p>Recent trends in the modus operandi of technologically-aware criminal groups engaged in illicit goods trafficking (e.g., firearms, drugs, cultural artifacts, etc.) have given rise to significant security challenges. The use of cryptocurrency-based payments, 3D printing, social media and/or the Dark Web by organized crime leads to transactions bey...

With the increasing number of users accessing the Internet over 5G systems, security concerns have become a major challenge that needs to be addressed. This paper proposes a solution to this challenge by proposing a system to train defenders to handle cyber attacks and develop intrusion detection systems that can timely notify of security events, a...

In the digital age of the hyper-connected Critical Infrastructures (CIs), the role of the smart electrical grid is crucial, providing several benefits, such as improved grid resilience, efficient energy distribution and smart load and response management. However, despite the several advantages, the rapid evolution of the heterogeneous technologies...

The revolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought about a significant evolution in the landscape of cyberattacks. In particular, with the increasing power and capabilities of AI, cyberattackers can automate tasks, analyze vast amounts of data, and identify vulnerabilities with greater precision. On the other hand, despite the multiple bene...

The electrical grid has significantly evolved over the years, thus creating a smart paradigm, which is well known as the smart electrical grid. However, this evolution creates critical cybersecurity risks due to the vulnerable nature of the industrial systems and the involvement of new technologies. Therefore, in this paper, the ELECTRON architectu...

The rapid progression of the Internet of Things allows the seamless integration of cyber and physical environments, thus creating an overall hyper-connected ecosystem. It is evident that this new reality provides several capabilities and benefits, such as real-time decision-making and increased efficiency and productivity. However, it also raises c...

Current vision-based detection models within Autonomous Vehicles, can be susceptible to changes within the physical environment, which cause unexpected issues. Physical attacks on traffic signs could be malicious or naturally occurring, causing incorrect identification of the traffic sign which can drastically alter the behaviour of the autonomous...

The rapid evolution of the 5G environments introduces several benefits, such as faster data transfer speeds, lower latency and energy efficiency. However, this situation brings also critical cybersecurity issues, such as the complex and increased attack surface, privacy concerns and the security of the 5G core network functions. Therefore, it is ev...

The current study focuses on systematically analyzing the recent advances in the field of Multimodal eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (MXAI). In particular, the relevant primary prediction tasks and publicly available datasets are initially described. Subsequently, a structured presentation of the MXAI methods of the literature is provided, taki...

The digitisation of the smart electrical grid provides several advantages and valuable services, such as self-monitoring, pervasive control and smart healing. However, despite the benefits of this progression, critical cybersecurity and privacy issues are raised due to the vulnerabilities of legacy Electrical Power and Energy Systems (EPES) and the...

The proliferation of smart technologies has undeniably brought forth numerous advantages. However, it has also introduced critical security issues and vulnerabilities that need to be addressed. In response, the development of appropriate and continuously adaptable countermeasures is essential to ensure the uninterrupted operation of critical enviro...

The modern communications landscape requires reliable, high-speed, high-throughput and secure links and sessions between user equipment instances and the data network. The 5G core implements the newly defined 3GPP network architecture enabling faster connectivity, low latency, higher bit rates and network reliability. The full potential of this set...

The transformation of the conventional electrical grid into a digital ecosystem brings significant benefits, such as two-way communication between energy consumers and utilities, self-monitoring and pervasive controls. However, the advent of the smart electrical grid raises severe cybersecurity and privacy concerns, given the presence of legacy sys...

As the networking and communications landscape moves towards 5G and an increasing number of users are already accessing the Internet over 5G systems at an increasing pace, security issues rise and the corresponding vulnerabilities are in need of being addressed. The work presented in this paper constitutes an attempt at addressing the issue of trai...

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a reliable, connection oriented, congestion control mechanism, currently utilized the majority of both wired and wireless networks at the transport layer. An important function of TCP is the network congestion control mechanism; it governs the packet transmission rate and us enables the protocol to respond...

In the digital era of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), the conventional Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are transformed into smart environments with multiple benefits, such as pervasive control, self-monitoring and self-healing. However, this evolution is characterised by several cyberthreats due to the necessary presence of insecure techno...

Predictive Maintenance in critical infrastructure is a fundamental tool for predicting a failure in advance and for avoiding catastrophic equipment damage that can be prevented and the time-consuming repair scheduling can be executed in time. Artificial Intelligence (AI) based predictive maintenance utilises intelligent data for accurate prediction...

Energy efficiency lies at the very core of policy interventions for energy security, energy poverty and climate change, while it also is promoted by technological innovations and investments. However, it seems that these technologies are not adopted by consumers at least to the extent that the assumption of rational behavior would predict. The EVID...

With the advent of vehicular networks and the corresponding requirements, developers are faced with new challenges associated with fundamental protocol attributes and capabilities. In our work, we consider ESP-NOW: a connectionless WiFi communication protocol developed by Espressif and featuring short packet (up to 250 bytes) transmission. It is di...

The evolution of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) introduces several benefits, such as real-time monitoring, pervasive control and self-healing. However, despite the valuable services, security and privacy issues still remain given the presence of legacy and insecure communication protocols like IEC 60870-5-104. IEC 60870-5-104 is an indust...

The rapid growth of computer networks in various sectors has led to new services previously hard or impossible to implement. Internet of Things has also assisted in this evolution offering easy access to data but at the same time imposing constraints on both security and quality of service. In this paper, an SDN fault tolerant and resilient SDN con...

The integration of intelligent devices in the industry allows the automation and control of industrial processes, in an efficient and effective manner. Such systems have contributed to the rapid evolution of production infrastructures, increasing the reliability, reducing production costs, and automating the entire manufacturing operations. However...

Both signature-based and anomaly-based Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) have already demonstrated their efficiency towards recognising and mitigating various intrusions. However, the first category cannot detect zero-day attacks, while the second one lacks the presence of appropriate datasets. Therefore, the presence of additional c...

The digitisation of the typical electrical grid introduces valuable services, such as pervasive control, remote monitoring and self-healing. However, despite the benefits, cybersecurity and privacy issues can result in devastating effects or even fatal accidents, given the interdependence between the energy sector and other critical infrastructures...

The modern communications landscape requires reliable, high-speed, high- throughput and secure links and sessions between user equipment instances and the data network. The 5G core implements the newly defined 3GPP network ar- chitecture enabling faster connectivity, low latency, higher bit rates and network reliability. The full potential of this...

The highly beneficial contribution of intelligent systems in the industrial domain is undeniable. Automation, supervision, remote control, and fault reduction are some of the various advantages new technologies offer. A protocol demonstrating high utility in industrial settings, and specifically, in smart grids, is Distributed Network Protocol 3 (D...

Cybersecurity concerns have been at the forefront of regulatory reform in the European Union (EU) recently. One of the outcomes of these reforms is the introduction of certification schemes for information and communication technology (ICT) products, services and processes, as well as for data processing operations concerning personal data. These s...

In the era of digital economies, the smart electrical grid has provided numerous benefits, such as two-way communication, pervasive control and self-healing. However, this evolution raises severe cybersecurity and privacy risks that can lead to disastrous effects. False data injection attacks, large-scale denial of service and unauthorised access r...

The technological leap of smart technologies and the Internet of Things has advanced the conventional model of the electrical power and energy systems into a new digital era, widely known as the Smart Grid. The advent of Smart Grids provides multiple benefits, such as self-monitoring, self-healing and pervasive control. However, it also raises cruc...

This Special Issue will cover a wide range of IIoT cybersecurity and privacy solutions, combining a plethora of emerging technologies. Please find more information at the following link: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/electronics/special_issues/Cybersecurity_Next_Generation

The rise of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) plays a crucial role in the era of hyper-connected digital economies. Despite the valuable benefits, such as increased resiliency, self-monitoring and pervasive control, IIoT raises severe cybersecurity and privacy risks, allowing cyberattackers to exploit a plethora of vulnerabilities and weakne...

The rapid evolution of the smart technologies has digitised the electrical grid into a new paradigm called smart grid (SG). Despite the multiple benefits, this reality raises severe cybersecurity concerns. SPEAR provides a global cybersecurity solution, which (a) detects SG-related cyberthreats, (b) provides an advanced forensic readiness framework...

The rise of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and especially of the Internet of things (IoT) introduces significant benefits in multiple aspects of the human ecosystem, such as health, energy, transport, and commerce. Despite the provided social and economic advances offered by this new reality, new cyber-security risks related to...

The rapid evolution of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) introduces the healthcare ecosystem into a new reality consisting of smart medical devices and applications that provide multiple benefits, such as remote medical assistance, timely administration of medication, real-time monitoring, preventive care and health education. However, despite...

The transformation of the conventional electricity grid into a new paradigm called smart grid demands the appropriate cybersecurity solutions. In this paper, we focus on the security of the IEC 60870-5-104 (IEC-104) protocol which is commonly used by Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems in the energy domain. In particular, after...

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems play a significant role in Critical Infrastructures (CIs) since they monitor and control the automation processes of the industrial equipment. However, SCADA relies on vulnerable communication protocols without any cybersecurity mechanism, thereby making it possible to endanger the overall op...

The advent of the Smart Grid (SG) raises severe cybersecurity risks that can lead to devastating consequences. In this paper, we present a novel anomaly-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS), called ARIES (smArt gRid Intrusion dEtection System), which is capable of protecting efficiently SG communications. ARIES combines three detection layers tha...

In this paper, an Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) for the Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3) Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems is presented. The proposed IDPS is called DIDEROT (Dnp3 Intrusion DetEction pReventiOn sysTem) and relies on both supervised Machine Learning (ML) and unsupervised/outlier ML detec...

Climate change has introduced significant challenges that can affect multiple sectors, including the agricultural one. In particular, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the world population has to find new solutions to increase the food production by 70...

With the rapid progression of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and especially of Internet of Things (IoT), the conventional electrical grid is transformed into a new intelligent paradigm, known as Smart Grid (SG), providing significant benefits both for utility companies and energy consumers such as the two-way communication (both ele...

The rapid evolution of the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) services transforms the conventional electrical grid into a new paradigm called Smart Grid (SG). Even though SG brings significant improvements, such as increased reliability and better energy management, it also introduces multiple security challenges. One of the main reaso...

The Smart Grid (SG) paradigm is the next technological leap of the conventional electrical grid, contributing to the protection of the physical environment and providing multiple advantages such as increased reliability, better service quality, as well as efficient utilisation of the existing infrastructure and the renewable energy resources. Howev...

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the next technological leap that will introduce significant improvements to various aspects of the human environment, such as among others health, commerce, and transport. However, despite the fact that it may bring beneficial economic and social changes, the implementation of such a system poses many challenges and...

The Smart Grid (SG) paradigm constitutes the new technological evolution of the traditional electrical grid, providing remote monitoring and controlling capabilities among all its operations through computing services. These new capabilities offer a lot of benefits, such as better energy management, increased reliability and security, as well as mo...

The multiple interconnections and the heterogeneity of the devices and technologies into the Smart Grid (SG) generate possible cyber-physical security vulnerabilities that can be exploited by various cyberattackers. The cyberattacks in SG, usually target the availability and the information integrity of the systems. Replay attacks, Denial of Servic...

The penetration of the modern mobile devices is progressively gaining ground in today’s cognitive applications and services. Several applications have become part of the smartphone capabilities such as e-mail monitoring, Internet browsing, social networks activities, etc. However, the increased computation and storage capabilities of smartphones ha...

The number of high performance embedded systems that are used for multimedia applications, like video encoding or decoding, has erupted. A key component in video encoding is the motion estimation, which exhibits high computational complexity and hard to meet deadlines. The most popular technique for motion estimation is block matching. The hierarch...