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Palayakotai R Raghavan

Palayakotai R Raghavan
Nanorx Inc

Ph.D
Applications of nano emulsions in chronic and infectious diseases and stem cell research and gene expression studies.

About

94
Publications
52,054
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641
Citations
Citations since 2017
63 Research Items
362 Citations
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2017201820192020202120222023020406080
2017201820192020202120222023020406080
Introduction
CEO of Nanorx Inc a privately held Company founded in 2008, Education Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from Oregon State University(1979) and an M.S in Chemistry(1972) from I.I.T Mumbai, India. Worked on drug discovery for over 25 years at Columbia University, Max-Planck Institute, Germany, Ciba-Geigy (now Novartis) and Boehringer Ingelheim. He has over 35 US and International patents Linked In account:www.linkedin.com/in/palayakotai-raghavan-9327304
Additional affiliations
January 2008 - January 2022
Nanorx Inc
Position
  • CEO
Description
  • Nano Medicine
January 1995 - January 2008
MCR PHARMA
Position
  • CEO
Description
  • RESEARCH CONSULTING AND BIODIESEL RESARCH
April 1990 - December 1994
Boehringer Ingelheim, CT, USA
Position
  • Principal Investigator
Education
March 1973 - June 1978
Oregon State University
Field of study
  • Organic synthesis

Publications

Publications (94)
Article
Full-text available
Objective: To show the antiviral activity of Metadichol ® against Zika virus by an in-vitro assay. Methods: The primary Anti-Zika virus assay was performed using real-time RT-qPCR (TaqMan) to measure extracellular Zika virus RNA copy number associated with virions released from vero cells. The ‘vero’ cell line (kidney epithelial cells extracted fro...
Article
Full-text available
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble antioxidant. Today we meet our requirements of vitamin C through consumption of fruits and vegetables or by supplementation. Homo sapiens cannot produce vitamin C like many other species that can convert glucose to vitamin C. The gene for enzyme production is dormant in humans. The gene, GU...
Article
Full-text available
Increasing outbreaks of new pathogenic viruses have promoted the exploration of novel alternatives to time-consuming vaccines. Thus, it is necessary to develop a universal approach to halt the spread of new and unknown viruses as they are discovered. One such promising approach is to target lipid membranes, which are common to all viruses and bacte...
Preprint
Full-text available
The conversion of somatic cells back into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or embryonic-like stem cells involves the introduction of four genes commonly called Yamanaka factors, i.e., Sox2, Oct4, Klf4, and c-Myc, into the cells. Because these genes and the viral vectors used to introduce them into cells have the potential to cause cancer, iPS...
Preprint
Full-text available
Human nuclear receptors (NRs) involve 49 ligand-dependent transcription factors that are important for regulating the cell cycle and processes. There are many literature references to work on NR expression in many organs, abnormal cells, and tissues. However, a simple universal method to study the expression of NR is still missing. Here, we present...
Preprint
Full-text available
Metadichol ® differentiates PANC1 cells into producing cells that can express insulin
Preprint
Full-text available
Endocrine gene expression in PANC-1, a type of pancreatic cancer cell, has been studied in the context of their potential to be reprogrammed toward a normal, differentiated state. Alkaline phosphatase activity has also been shown in pluripotent stem cells to differentiate between feeder and parental cells in reprogramming experiments. Metadichol ®...
Preprint
Full-text available
There are seven sirtuin genes in humans that encode seven sirtuin enzymes (SIRT1-7), each of which has unique functions and subcellular locations. Sirtuins are NAD +-dependent protein deacetylases that play a significant role in physiological processes such as energy metabolism, stress responses, DNA repair, and gene expression. Sirtuins are essent...
Preprint
Full-text available
There are seven sirtuin genes in humans that encode seven sirtuin enzymes (SIRT1–7), each of which has unique functions and subcellular locations. Sirtuins are NAD ⁺ -dependent protein deacetylases that play a significant role in physiological processes such as energy metabolism, stress responses, DNA repair, and gene expression. Sirtuins are essen...
Preprint
Full-text available
There are seven sirtuin genes in humans that encode seven sirtuin enzymes (SIRT1–7), each of which has unique functions and subcellular locations. Sirtuins are NAD ⁺ -dependent protein deacetylases that play a significant role in physiological processes such as energy metabolism, stress responses, DNA repair, and gene expression. Sirtuins are essen...
Preprint
Full-text available
Klotho is a well-known tumor suppressor hormone that exhibits anti-cancer and anti-aging properties. Klotho levels are low or non-existent in cancer patients. Klotho protein levels decrease with aging; maintaining consistent levels may prevent disease and promote healthier aging. Metadichol is a nano emulsion of long-chain alcohols C26, C28, and C3...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background. Producing neurons from fibroblast cells has the potential to treat neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by neuron loss. Neurodegenerative diseases are a growing problem in the current aging, developed world populations. Metadichol® is a nontoxic nanoemulsion of long-chain lipid alcohols, currently available as an oral supplement. M...
Preprint
Full-text available
Heart disease has been identified as one of the main causes of heart attack; moreover, it is known to result in the death of billions of Cardiomyocytes, which cannot be reproduced and replaced. The remaining cells are often faced with a significant increase in hemodynamic burden. Repairing the heart after an attack or other cardiovascular disease h...
Preprint
Full-text available
The human nuclear receptor (NR) consists of 49 ligand-dependent transcription factors that play a critical role in development, metabolism, reproduction, cell cycle, differentiation, and diseases, e.g., cancer and cardiovascular disease, to name a few. Today, we have gene sequencing data on NR presence in many organs, disease cells, and tissues. We...
Preprint
Full-text available
Human nuclear receptors (NRs) involve 49 ligand-dependent transcription factors that are important for regulating the cell cycle and processes. There are many literature references to work on NR expression in many organs, abnormal cells, and tissues. However, a simple universal method to study the expression of NR is still missing. Here, we present...
Preprint
Full-text available
The conversion of somatic cells back into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or embryonic-like stem cells involves the introduction of four genes commonly called Yamanaka factors, i.e., Sox2, Oct4, Klf4, and c-Myc, into the cells. Because these genes and the viral vectors used to introduce them into cells have the potential to cause cancer, iPS...
Preprint
Full-text available
The conversion of somatic cells back into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or embryonic-like stem cells involves the introduction of four genes commonly called Yamanaka factors, i.e., Sox2, Oct4, Klf4, and c-Myc, into the cells. Because these genes and the viral vectors used to introduce them into cells have the potential to cause cancer, iPS...
Preprint
Full-text available
The conversion of somatic cells back into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or embryonic-like stem cells involves the introduction of four genes commonly called Yamanaka factors: SOX2, OCT4, KLF4, and c-MYC. One drawback is that these genes and the viral vectors used to introduce them into cells have the potential to cause cancer, and these iP...
Data
We donated samples of Metadichol to a large covid hospital that treats only covid patients. The results were impressive 75% covid negative after 4 days @ dosage of 20 mg per day
Preprint
Full-text available
New pathogenic virus outbreaks with increasing regularity are leading us to explore novel approaches, which will reduce the reliance on a time-consuming vaccine mode to halt the strike. The requirement is to find a universal approach to disarm any new and as yet unknown viruses as they appear. A promising approach could be by targeting the lipids m...
Preprint
Full-text available
New pathogenic virus outbreaks, occurring with increasing regularity, are leading us to explore novel approaches, which will reduce the reliance on time-consuming vaccine modes to halt the outbreaks. The requirement is to find a universal approach to disarm any new and as yet unknown viruses as they appear. A promising approach could be targeting l...
Preprint
Full-text available
New pathogenic virus outbreaks, occurring with increasing regularity, are leading us to explore novel approaches, which will reduce the reliance on time-consuming vaccine modes to halt the outbreaks. The requirement is to find a universal approach to disarm any new and as yet unknown viruses as they appear. A promising approach could be targeting l...
Preprint
Full-text available
Background New pathogenic virus outbreaks, occurring with increasing regularity, are leading us to explore novel approaches, which will reduce the reliance on time-consuming vaccine modes to halt the outbreaks. The requirement is to find a universal approach to disarm any new and as yet unknown viruses as they appear. A promising approach could be...
Preprint
Full-text available
New pathogenic virus outbreaks, occurring with increasing regularity, are leading us to explore novel approaches, which will reduce the reliance on time-consuming vaccine modes to halt the outbreaks. The requirement is to find a universal approach to disarm any new and as yet unknown viruses as they appear. A promising approach could be targeting l...
Preprint
Full-text available
New pathogenic virus outbreaks, occurring with increasing regularity, are leading us to explore novel approaches, which will reduce the reliance on time-consuming vaccine modes to halt the outbreaks. The requirement is to find a universal approach to disarm any new and as yet unknown viruses as they appear. A promising approach could be targeting l...
Preprint
Full-text available
New pathogenic virus outbreaks, occurring with increasing regularity, are leading us to explore novel approaches, which will reduce the reliance on time-consuming vaccine modes to halt the outbreaks. The requirement is to find a universal approach to disarm any new and as yet unknown viruses as they appear. A promising approach could be targeting l...
Preprint
Full-text available
Increasing outbreaks of new pathogenic viruses have promoted the exploration of novel alternatives to time-consuming vaccines. Thus, it is necessary to develop a universal approach to halt the spread of new and unknown viruses as they are discovered. One such promising approach is to target lipid membranes, which are common to all viruses and bacte...
Conference Paper
Metadichol ® is a food derived nano emulsion that is effective against many viruses ( over 17 of them) . It acts on viruses through multiple pathway most likely through disruption of the protective lipid membrane layer than viruses. In case of COVID 19 we present data that it blocks optimally ACE2 and Nuclear Androgen receptor which controls expres...
Presentation
Full-text available
METADICHOL increases Vitamin C and reaches levels not achievable orally and this has enormous implications in infectious diseases LIKE SARS and Corona
Article
New pathogenic virus outbreaks, occurring with increasing regularity, are leading us to explore novel approaches, which will reduce the reliance on time-consuming vaccine modes to halt the outbreaks. The requirement is to find a universal approach to disarm any new and as yet unknown viruses as they appear. A promising approach could be targeting l...
Article
Full-text available
Humans face a constant threat from pathogens like influenza varieties H1N1, H5N1, and others and there is a need to prevent these from epidemics. The pathogens depend on successful colonization of the host in order to reproduce and multiply. Sialidases are known as neuraminidases are a group of enzymes, the most abundant of these being the exo-sial...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol ® and its effects on Tuberculosis
Article
Full-text available
An estimated 200 million individuals worldwide have a thyroid disorder. Thyroid diseases affect seven times more women than men. People not diagnosed make up the majority of thyroid patients. There is a need to find novel and safe ways to change the underlying disease processes, rather than merely stop excess thyroid hormone production as in hypert...
Article
Full-text available
Humans are keenly aware of their mortality. Given a limited time what we do with our life is a reflection of knowledge of our mortality. In 2009 the Nobel prize in medicine to Jack W Szostak, Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol W Greider for their work on Telomerase and scientific research exploded in this area. Telomere protect chromosome ends the Telomera...
Article
Full-text available
Liver diseases are becoming a major health concern. In the developing countries it is due to microbial infection. In the rest of the developed world it is due to alcohol abuse. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis are a significant health concern in western countries. It is the fifth most common cause of death, after heart disease, cancer, stroke, a...
Article
Full-text available
CD33 also known as Siglec-3 is endogenously expressed in stem cells and is a marker for the myeloid lineage of cells. Increased expression of CD33 thus allows it to bind to any Sialic Acids (SIAs). These acids are binding sites for pathogens and toxins. By binding to these acids, CD33 can prevent invasion of hosts by these pathogens. Down-regulatio...
Article
Full-text available
Klotho is an anti-aging protein that is mostly secreted by the kidneys, the brain, and the thyroid. It plays a significant role in regulating kidney function and vascular health. Klotho gene is named after "the Spinner" (Clotho from Greek mythology), the goddess who spins the thread of life. Klotho is a transmembrane protein known to be a co-recept...
Article
Full-text available
Insulin and IGF signaling require a family of scaffold proteins, also called as Insulin Receptor Substrate (IRS) proteins to integrate extracellular signals into intracellular responses, leading to cellular effects. Two main IRS proteins in humans are IRS1 and IRS2 and are widely expressed in most human and mammalian tissues. In this study, IRS1, I...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol ® is a nano formulation of long-chain lipid alcohols derived from food It is a inverse agonist of Vitamin D receptor (VDR), Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), and ROR gamma (RORC) that could have beneficial effects on skin diseases. We now present case studies of patients with various skin diseases who has symptoms mitigated on treatment w...
Article
Full-text available
Umbilical cord blood has found use in the clinic for more than 40 years in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation therapies to treat patients with bone marrow diseases or to reconstitute the bone of those cancer patients who had to have theirs wiped out to cure their leukemia or lymphoma. A feature is the presence of CD34 antigen in of hematopoiet...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol, a novel nano emulsion of lipid alcohols, up regulates the expression of GULO gene in mouse at picogram levels. 3T3-L1 pre adipocyte cells were differentiated using differentiating media. Post differentiation, the cells were treated with different concentrations of Metadichol for 24 hours and untreated cells served as control. Whole RNA...
Article
Full-text available
Insulin and IGF signaling require a family of scaffold proteins, also called as Insulin Receptor Substrate (IRS) proteins to integrate extracellular signals into intracellular responses, leading to cellular effects. Two main IRS proteins in humans are IRS1 and IRS2 and are widely expressed in most human and mammalian tissues. In this study, IRS1, I...
Article
Full-text available
Klotho is an anti-aging protein that is mostly secreted by the kidneys, the brain, and the thyroid. It plays a significant role in regulating kidney function and vascular health. Klotho gene is named after "the Spinner" (Clotho from Greek mythology), the goddess who spins the thread of life. Klotho is a transmembrane protein known to be a co-recept...
Article
Full-text available
Psoriasis affects 3% of the population worldwide, and there is no known cure. Psoriasis is associated with an increased risk of psoriatic arthritis, lymphomas, cardiovascular disease, and Crohn’s disease. Psoriasis treatments today include steroid and vitamin D3 cream, ultraviolet light, and immune systemsuppressing medications such as methotrexate...
Article
Full-text available
A b stract Metadichol® [1] is a Nanoemulsion of long-chain alcohols called as Policosanol and is present in foods such as rice, sugar cane, wheat, and peanuts. Metadichol® acts on Nuclear Vitamin D receptors (VDR) that have a ubiquitous presence in cells and tissues of the body to stimulate the immune system and inhibit a variety of disease process...
Article
Full-text available
We recently reported that Metadichol ® [1] brings about a three to four-fold increase in Vitamin C levels in patients without the use of Vitamin C supplementation. In this study of 6 patients who experienced a 5-12 fold increase in plasma Vitamin C levels higher than 80-100 u mol/L level which is the highest reported to date by oral supplementation...
Article
Full-text available
Red blood cells originate in the bone marrow. Red cell distribution width (RDW) show sizes of circulating erythrocytes (RBC) and has been explored in several large clinical databases to be a robust marker of adverse clinical outcomes in patients. The prognostic value of RDW is seen in other conditions with end-organ dysfunction such as renal failur...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol® is a Nanoemulsion of long-chain alcohols found in many foods. Metadichol acts as an inverse agonist on Nuclear Vitamin D receptors (VDR) that have a ubiquitous presence in cells and acts by modulating the immune system and affects many biological processes to modulate many diseases. We have demonstrated that Metadichol is useful in both...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol®, [1] a nano formulation a mixture of long chain alcohols that is present in many foods like rice and sugar cane and is derived from the waste of the sugar cane industry. It is a renewable resource. Most of the clinical data in literature is a: non-nano formulation either a tablet or capsule which have not shown any efficacy. Given its s...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol® a nano formulation and mixture of long chain alcohols that is present in many foods like rice and sugar cane. It is derived from the waste of the sugar cane industry and therefore, it is a renewable resource. Most of the clinical data in the literature are from non-nano formulations either in a tablet or a capsule form which has not sho...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol® is a Nano emulsion of long-chain alcohols called as Policosanol and is present in foods such as rice, sugar cane, wheat, and peanuts. Metadichol® acts on Nuclear Vitamin D receptors (VDR) that are present in cells throughout the body to stimulate the immune system and inhibit a variety of disease processes, resulting from inflammation t...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol® is a Nanoemulsion of long-chain alcohols found in many foods. Metadichol acts as an inverse ag-onist on Nuclear Vitamin D receptors (VDR) that have a ubiquitous presence in cells and acts by modulating the immune system and affects many biological processes to modulate many diseases. We have demonstrated that Metadichol is useful in bot...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol ® [1] is a Nanoemulsion of long-chain alcohols called as Policosanol and is present in foods such as rice, sugar cane, wheat, and peanuts. Metadichol ® acts on Nuclear Vitamin D receptors (VDR) that have a ubiquitous presence in cells and tissues of the body to stimulate the immune system and inhibit a variety of disease processes, resul...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol ® [1] is a Nanoemulsion of long-chain alcohols found in many foods. It is commonly called Policosanol and is present in foods such as rice, sugar cane, wheat, peanuts Metadichol acts as an inverse agonist on Nuclear Vitamin D receptors (VDR) that are present in cells throughout the body to stimulate the immune system and affects many bio...
Article
Full-text available
The inevitable, but unpredictable, appearance of new infectious diseases has been recognized for centuries well before the discovery of causative infectious agents. Today, however, despite advances in development of therapeutics, and vaccines the ease of world travel and increased global interdependence have added layers of complexity to containing...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol® is a Nanoemulsion of long-chain alcohols found in many foods. Metadichol acts as an inverse agonist on Nuclear Vitamin D receptors (VDR) that have a ubiquitous presence in cells and acts by modulating the immune system and affects many biological processes to modulate many diseases. We have demonstrated that Metadichol is useful in both...
Article
Full-text available
Metadichol ® a novel nano emulsion of lipid alcohols is an Inverse agonist of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR). In this communication, we show that Metadichol is an inverse agonist of the nuclear receptor AHR (Aryl Hydrocarbon receptor) and also an inhibitor of NRF2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2)) and is a transcription factor that is ubiqui...
Article
Full-text available
Abstract Objective: To show the antiviral activity of Metadichol® against Zika virus by an in-vitro assay. Methods: The primary Anti-Zika virus assay was performed using real-time RT-qPCR (TaqMan) to measure extracellular Zika virus RNA copy number associated with virions released from vero cells. The ‘vero’ cell line (kidney epithelial cells extra...
Article
Full-text available
Background Metadichol (1,2) is a Nano emulsion of long-chain alcohols called policosanols which are found in many foods like rice, wheat, grapes, sugar cane, apple and many others (3). It acts on membrane receptors in cells throughout the body to stimulate the immune system and inhibit a variety of disease processes, including those that result in...
Research
Full-text available
2015-Metadichol-approved Japanese patent
Patent
Full-text available
Discusses nanoparticles of 50-70% Octacosanol and Pure Octacosanol
Patent
Full-text available
[0001] The present invention relates to a novel formulation of Metadichol ® a Nano particulate in liquid oral and in polymeric Nano gel formulation. The Metadichol® formulation (previously described in US patent 8,722,093 ) behaves as an inverse agonist against the Vitamin D receptor (VDR). This application relates to methods of treating, and preve...
Data
Full-text available
The present invention provides nanoparticulate policosanol, formulations including these particles, as a well as methods of using the particles and formulations for treatment and pro­ phylaxis of various diseases and conditions.
Data
Full-text available
Article
Full-text available
case report of a juvenile diabetic patent by a 12 week treatment with Metadichol® a patent pending nano formulation of lipid alcohols as described in US patent publication US 12/691706 published Aug 26th 2010
Article
Full-text available
non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Article
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Article
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A novel dipyridodiazepinone, 6,11-dihydro-11-cyclopropyl-4-methyldipyrido[2,3-b:2',3'-e]- [1,4]diazepin-6-one (BI-RG-587), is a selective noncompetitive inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT-1). An azido photoaffinity analogue of BI-RG-587 was synthesized and found to irreversibly inhibit the enzyme upon UV irradiation. BI-RG-587 and close s...
Article
Full-text available
The relationship between the physicochemical characteristics of 27 new drug candidates and their distribution into the melanin-containing structure of the rat eye, the uveal tract, was examined. Tissue distribution data were obtained from whole-body autoradiograms of pigmented Long–Evans rats sacrificed at 5 min and 96 hr after dosing. The physicoc...
Article
Full-text available
Conformational analysis and molecular graphics are used to model a representative melanin structure to estimate a chemical's in vitro affinity for melanin. The modelling data fit to a simple linear equation relative to a logarithmic transformation of the experimentally-derived binding data (r = 0.901). The goodness of fit, as evidenced by the F-sta...
Article
Full-text available
While it is recognized that oxidation has a major role in the development of cataract, few compounds have been developed which effectively reduce the potential for oxidative insult. A major oxidant confronting the lens is H2O2. Few compounds capable of metabolizing H2O2 have been synthesized. This communication reports that a number of compounds wi...
Article
Full-text available
Three-step syntheses and the resolution into the enantiomers are reported for the tricyclo [3.3.0. O2?*]octan-3-ones7 -9, which are destined to serve as synthons for polycyclopentanoid terpenes and prostacyclin analogs. Routine overall yields of ca. 75% for 7, 40% for 8, and 46% for 9 are obtained, with 2-chloroacrylonitrile and 1,3-cyclohexadiene...
Article
Full-text available
Cyclopropyl ketones are readily cleaved under neutral conditions at room temperature by the combined action of acetyl methanesulfonate and nucleophiles such as Br-, I-, and MsO-. The high-yield reaction involves regiospecific enol acetate formation with a stereoselectivity of nucleophile addition which is compatible with an SN2-type opening of the...

Questions

Questions (2)
Question
Is anybody aware of work where somatic cells were treated with say small molecules and expressed nuclear receptors ?? If so would appreciate hearing from you
Question
we have a nano formulation that needs to tested against COVID19. INVITRO in a lab. Does anybody know where it can be tested
Dr Ragahvan

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