Pablo D ValenciaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México | UNAM
Pablo D Valencia
Data analysis for education and healthcare research
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72
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Introduction
Publications
Publications (72)
Background
Previous studies have identified a set of variables associated with depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the existing antecedents in Mexico, in addition to being limited to the beginning of the health emergency, made use of small and unrepresentative samples. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify the preval...
Highlights
•Mexican individuals received via telehealth the unified protocol for anxiety, depression, and trauma related disorders.
•Online unified protocol reduced depression, anxiety, emotional issues, uncertainty intolerance, and psychological distress.
•The transdiagnostic unified protocol is well-suited to train therapists for emotional, traum...
Child abuse is a phenomenon that affects a large proportion of the world’s population and has important effects on their mental health. Although several instruments exist to measure it, they present some difficulties that require improvement. The present study started from an instrument previously developed for Mexican population (Esparza-Del Villa...
Aim
This study investigated the relationship between direct exposure to physical attacks and mental health (depression and suicide attempts) in the Mexican adult population. It also examined biological sex as a possible effect modifier.
Subject and methods
A representative sample of 13,391 adults from the 2021 National Health and Nutrition Survey...
Emotion regulation (ER) problems have been shown to mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and suicidality. However, evidence is sparse regarding specific types of maltreatment and ER strategies involved. OBJECTIVE: To explore cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression as potential mediators of the association between three t...
Introduction. Women experience numerous episodes of adverse events, often linked to violence, which create emotional difficulties that contribute to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder. However, more research is required to understand the nature of post-traumatic reactions and the underlying psycho-emotional processes. Objective. To d...
The Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is a widely used instrument to measure symptoms of depression and anxiety in general, but not much is known about its cross-cultural utility in Latin America. The present study evaluated the measurement invariance of the PHQ-4 in adult samples (N = 5441) from 12 Latin American countries (Paraguay, El Salva...
Worry is a cognitive transdiagnostic variable that is relevant for psychopathology research. The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) was developed to measure it. We aimed to examine the psychometric properties of three short versions of the PSWQ (11, 8, and 7 items) in a sample of Mexicans seeking help. A sample of 1391 individuals (82.2% women)...
Introduction: The current tendency regarding psychometric assessment is to use brief versions of measurement tools. Objective: The present study sought to compare the psychometric properties of various versions in the length of the Invalidating Children Environment Scale (ICES). Method: Three hundred and twelve Peruvian university students particip...
The Grief Impairment Scale (GIS) is used to measure functional impairment due to grief following the death of a loved one. However, there is no information on its cross-cultural utility. Thus, this study assessed the measurement invariance of the GIS using a large sample of bereaved adults (N = 2060) from Peru, El Salvador, Ecuador, and Colombia. S...
Existe una imperiosa necesidad de evaluar los instrumentos de procrastinación actuales, con especial atención a la Escala de Procrastinación Académica (EPA), ampliamente utilizada en Latinoamérica, cuya dimensionalidad ha experimentado variaciones constantes en la literatura. Para ello se aplicó la EPA a 1308 estudiantes universitarios siguiendo un...
La presencia de instrumentos invariantes es útil para la evaluación de las emociones en diferentes culturas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar y evaluar la invariancia de medición de la escala de miedo a la vacunación contra la COVID-19 (EMV-COVID) en 13 países latinoamericanos. La muestra estuvo conformada por 5775 participantes s...
This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Grief Impairment Scale (GIS) using a network psychometric model. A total of 1048 individuals from Peru and El Salvador participated. A network psychometric model was used to determine internal structure, reliability, and crosscountry invariance. The results indicate that the GIS items...
The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is one of the most widely used instruments in the area of emotion regulation. However, its length is a limitation. Short versions have been proposed in the literature, but their psychometric performance has been little studied in young Latin American adults. The present study examined the internal...
The aim of the present study was to determine the association between different types of intimate partner violence against women and nonattendance at the Growth and Development Control Program (CRED or well-child visits) of their children under 5 years of age. This was an analytical cross-sectional study that comprised a secondary analysis of data...
Paradoxically, attempts to suppress thoughts may lead to thought intrusions. While this has been repeatedly shown in the laboratory, cross-sectional studies have relied on the White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI) to measure thought suppression (TS). However, it has been argued that the WBSI does not measure TS alone, but also unwanted intrusive...
Objective. To estimate the prevalence and factors related to heavy drinking in men and women from Honduras. Materials and methods. Data from the 2019 National Demographic and Health Survey were used, and multiple regression models were applied to determine associated factors. Results. 2.8% of men and 0.7% of women incurred in heavy drinking. In men...
This study aimed to characterize the network structure of pandemic grief symptoms and suicidal ideation in 2174 people from eight Latin American countries. Pandemic grief and suicidal ideation were measured using the Pandemic Grief Scale and a single item, respectively. Network analysis provides an in-depth characterization of symptom-symptom inter...
Objective
The objective of this study was to identify predictors of intention to be vaccinated against Monkeypox (Mpox) in a sample of Peruvian citizens.
Methods
A set of sociodemographic and psychological predictors were used, such as sex, sexual orientation, educational level, previous diagnosis of COVID-19, marital status, complete vaccination...
Introducción: La satisfacción con la vida ha demostrado ser un indicador importante de bienestar físico y mental en las personas, y puede verse afectada por eventos vitales tales como la pérdida de un ser querido. Por consiguiente, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre un conjunto de variables sociodemográficas y la sati...
Objectives
The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of a general measure of the perception of governmental responses to COVID-|19 (COVID-SCORE-10) in the general population of 13 Latin American countries.
Methods
A total of 5780 individuals from 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries selected by non-probabilistic snowball...
The Social Anomie Brief Scale (SAS10) is a self-report measure of social anomie against new social standards implemented during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the invariance of the cross-cultural measurement of the SAS10 in a sample of 12 Latin American countries. Additionally, the difficulty and dis...
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed tourists' thoughts, feelings and ways of travelling. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Pandemic Anxiety Travel Scale (PATS) using CTT and IRT. A total of 454 participants, with a mean age of 31.4 years (SD = 15.7), completed the PATS, a sociodemographic...
The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of the Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) among seven Latin American countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Although the OCS has been used in several countries and languages, there is a need for approaches that better integrate the cross-cultur...
The present study aimed to apply a network analysis model to provide an exploratory empirical conceptualization of dynamic networks of posttraumatic growth (PTG) symptoms in 7,434 people who experienced the death of a loved one from COVID-19 in 16 Latin American countries. The Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory: Short Form of Eight Items was used. A n...
Depression is a major public health problem that affects a significant proportion of young adults, such as college students.A process-based approach has been proposed for its study, which seeks to identify transdiagnostic psychological variablesthat can be the target of change in psychotherapeutic interventions. The purpose of this paper was to ana...
The present study explored the predictive capacity of fear of COVID-19 on the intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and the influence in this relationship of conspiracy beliefs as a possible mediating psychological variable, in 13 Latin American countries. A total of 5779 people recruited through non-probabilistic convenience sampling partici...
Deaths from COVID-19 have exceeded 6.5 million people globally. Although many
people are mourning the loss of loved ones to this deadly disease, little is known about the validity of measuring coronavirus-related anxiety with this particular group of people. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine if the coronavirus anxiety scale (CA...
Resumen Abstract Tabla de Contenido La Escala de Bienestar Psicológico para Adultos (BIEPS-A) fue propuesta como una medida multidimensional de bienestar psicológico. El presente estudio planteó la hipótesis de que la escala BIEPS-A es una medida esencialmente unidimensional y, por lo tanto, puede analizarse con modelos unidimensionales de la teorí...
Background
There is an urgent need to assess changes in well-being on a multinational scale during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus culturally valid scales must be available.
Methods
With this in mind, this study examined the invariance of the WHO well-being index (WHO-5) among a sample of 5183 people from 12 Latin Americans countries (Argentina, Boliv...
Thousands of people have died of COVID-19 in El Salvador. However, little is known about the mental health of those who are mourning the loss of a loved one to COVID-19. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the dys-functional grief associated with COVID-19 death among Salvadoran adults. A sample of 435 Salvadorans (M = 29 years; SD...
Our objective was to determine the factors associated with social tolerance for intimate partner violence (IPV) in the Peruvian population. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Data from the 2019 National Survey of Social Relations (ENARES) of Peru were used. This survey collected data from a total of 1,026 Peruvians aged 18 year...
Background:
The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) is the most widely used measure of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, two core emotion regulation strategies. However, the original ERQ has complex wording, which may make it difficult for readers of lower educational levels.
Objective:
We aimed to examine the psychometric prope...
Aim:
To evaluate the factors associated with alcohol abuse in the Peruvian population.
Methods:
A secondary analysis was performed using data from the Demographic and Family Health Survey of Peru, 2019. We included 24 264 Peruvians between 18 and 59 years. For the analysis of association, the Poisson regression model with robust standard errors...
Introduction:
Cognitive reserve is the ability to better tolerate brain damage through pre-existing and compensatory cognitive resources. One assessment method is the Rami CRQ-Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire. The objective was to carry out an analysis of the informative quality of the CRQ from the item response theory (IRT), in order to provide mo...
This paper builds on the article by Saladino et al. (2020), contributes to its goal of identifying new perspectives of intervention based on digital devices for mental health. The purpose is to broaden the discussion on the feasibility of telepsychology, its main benefits and the importance of training generations of psychotherapists in this new te...
The present study examined how conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines specifically relate to symptoms of fear of COVID-19 in a sample of four South American countries. A total of 1785 people from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru participated, responding to a sociodemographic survey, the Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19 S) and the Vaccine Cons...
Background
Emotional and stress-related disorders show high incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and comorbidity rates in Mexico. In recent decades, research findings indicate that cognitive behavioral interventions, from a disorder-specific perspective, are the effective front-line treatment for anxiety and depression care. However, these treatments...
Rumination is a relevant mechanism for experiencing depressive symptoms. To date, one of the most commonly used measures to assess rumination is the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), which contains two dimensions: brooding and reflection. The current study aimed to examine the factorial structure and measurement invariance of a modified version of t...
This study assesses the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and subjective well-being in terms of the mediating role of COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Additionally, the contribution of sociodemographic factors (sex and age) and risk perception on COVID-19 anxiety and its potential measurement invariance was tested in 5655 participants from 12 cou...
Aims
Over the past 2 years, the vaccine conspiracy beliefs construct has been used in a number of different studies. These publications have assessed the determinants and outcomes of vaccine conspiracy beliefs using, in some cases, pooled data from different countries, and compared the results across these contexts. However, studies often do not co...
Los estudios sobre aceptación y rechazo hacia las vacunas, así como la creencia en teorías conspirativas, y la falta de confianza en los gobiernos y la ciencia, han sido importantes para analizar el proceso de vacunación contra el COVID-19 a nivel mundial, pero han sido bastante limitados, hasta el momento, para el caso de América Latina. En este s...
Conspiracy theories about COVID-19 began to emerge immediately after the first news about the disease and threaten to prolong the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by limiting people’s willingness of receiving a life-saving vaccine. In this context, this study aimed to explore the variation of conspiracy beliefs regarding COVID-19 and the va...
The presence of a significant number of people who do not intend to be vaccinated could negatively impact efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study sought to determine the prevalence of intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and associated sociodemographic and psychosocial factors in thirteen countries in Latin America an...
Introduction: Concern about becoming infected is a particularly relevant psychological aspect in the context of a
pandemic, as it is associated with social reactions and behavioral changes.
Objectives: The present study sought to determine some sociodemographic and health factors associated with
concern about COVID-19 infection in Cuban patients wi...
The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) was recently developed to assess dysfunctional anxiety related to COVID-19. Although different studies reported that the CAS is psychometrically sound, it is unclear whether it is invariant across countries. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the measurement invariance of the CAS in twelve Latin Americ...
The characteristics associated with COVID-19-related dysfunctional grief suggest that we are most likely facing a “dysfunctional grief pandemic” due to COVID-19. Thus this preliminary study reports frequencies of dysfunctional grief in ten Latin American countries that varied between 7.3% in Brazil and 14.6% in El Salvador. This highlights a greate...
The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II) was designed to measure psychological inflexibility, a core concept of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. The current study analyzed the psychometric properties of the AAQ-II in two studies with two samples of university students from Lima, Peru. In Study 1 (n = 284, 60.6% women, Mage = 20.28), th...
The bifactor model allows examining the presence of a total score in a data set by modeling a general factor and two or more specific factors with an orthogonal relationship.
These models tend to overestimate the goodness of fit (e.g., CFI, RMSEA, SRMR), hence there exist auxiliary measures that allow examining the dimensionality (ECVGen; ECVSpecif...
The invariance of the Preventive COVID-19 Infection Behaviors Scale (PCIBS) was evaluated in 12 Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay). A total of 5183 people from the aforementioned countries participated, selected using the snowball sampling method...
The present study aimed to evaluate the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Pandemic Grief Scale (PGS) in ten Latin American countries. A total of 2,321 people who had lost a family member or other loved one due to COVID-19 participated, with a mean age of 34.22 years old (SD = 11.99). In addition to the PGS, a single item of suicidal idea...
Resumen La empatía es conceptualizada como la conciencia de las emociones y cogniciones de los demás y resulta importante en el contexto escolar para el favorecimiento de la convivencia y prevención de conductas agresivas. En ese sentido, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar las evidencias de validez, fiabilidad e invarianza factorial d...
Introducción. La reserva cognitiva es la capacidad del cerebro para superar activamente el daño por intermedio de recursos cognitivos preexistentes y procesos compensatorios. Dicha capacidad es incrementada por la educación, el logro ocupacional, el aprendizaje de idiomas y el hábito de lectura, entre otros importantes factores. Este estudio tuvo c...
Worry, a form of repetitive negative thinking, has been studied using the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). The aim of the present study was to assess the dimensionality of the PSWQ, as well as three brief versions, in college students from Lima, Peru. The full PSWQ was administered to 290 participants. In order to achieve that goal, we examin...
La Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emocio-nal (DERS) es un instrumento de gran interés en el cam-po de la investigación clínica y aplicada. Sin embargo, el estudio sobre sus propiedades psicométricas en la pobla-ción mexicana ha sido limitado. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la dimensionalidad de la DERS-15 en la población adulta mexic...
The objective was to evaluate the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) in 7 Latin American countries (Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay). The participants were 2944 people, selected through non-probability sampling for convenience, where the majority were women. Data co...
Background
: the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ) is a global measure of repetitive negative thinking, a core transdiagnostic dimension of mental health. Objectives: this study sought to examine the factor structure, reliability, and evidence of associative validity of the PTQ in Peruvian undergraduates. Method: data from 240 undergraduat...
En el marco de la estadística inferencial es común la utilización de los intervalos de confianza (IC). Los mismos que son definidos como una estimación de un rango de valores posibles en el que puede encontrarse el verdadero valor poblacional con cierto grado de confianza. En ese sentido, son frecuentes las malas interpretaciones de los IC, situaci...
Job satisfaction is related to better physical and mental health, as well as to factors specifically related to work. In this context, the measurement of work satisfaction is important for organizations that profess an interest in engaged and satisfied workers. Therefore, this study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction wi...
Experiential avoidance (EA) has played an important role in early and recent conceptualisations of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II) is largely used as a measure of EA, in spite of criticism about its validity. The present study examined the latent correlations between the AAQ-II and a new measur...
The overlap between depression and anxiety is a well-replicated finding in mental health research. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) were developed as measures that would maximize the discrimination between these constructs. However, research suggests that the DASS-21 predominantly measure a general factor of emotional distress. The pr...
Psychological tests usually comprise Likert-type items which are, strictly speaking, ordinal (i.e. categorical) variables. However, most statistical procedures used in psychometrics assume that these variables are measured at least at the interval level. To overcome this shortcoming, psychologists have developed rules-of-thumb, such as treating Lik...
BACKGROUND: Cognitive fusion is a core concept in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. The Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) was developed as a unidimensional measure that would overcome the limitations of previous endeavors. METHOD: The current study analyzed the factor structure of the CFQ in Peruvian undergraduates (n = 450, 53% female). It als...
Responses to the Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire of 376 college students from Lima, Peru.
INTRODUCTION: Experiential avoidance (EA) is a central concept in the study of psychopathology from a contextual-behavioral perspective. The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II) has become the most commonly used measure of EA. However, some authors have seriously questioned its validity. In this context, the Brief Experiential Avoidance...
Exposición de carácter divulgativo sobre los modelos bifactor. Fue presentada en el ciclo de conferencias "Construcción de Pruebas Psicológicas: Directrices, tendencias y retos".
Just a simple template for performing a Schmid-Leiman transformation from the results of a second-order confirmatory factor analysis.
Experiential avoidance (EA)—or psychological (in)flexibility—is a central concept in contextual therapies, and it has been proposed as a transdiagnostic dimension of psychopathology. We intended to test whether EA and other coping strategies independently predict both state and trait-anxiety. We administered a set of measures (the AAQ-II, a modifie...
Questions
Questions (12)
Childhood maltreatment is usually measured with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). However, as far as I know, the CTQ is not in the public domain. Moreover, I may need to make some modifications (e.g. language adaptations, using only some of the original subscales, etc.), which could complicate things with the publisher. Are you aware of a free/open (as well as psychometrically sound) alternative that I could use as a retrospective measure of child abuse in adults?
I have a bifactor model with categorical indicators: 4-option Likert-type items. One of my research objectives involves testing measurement invariance between two groups. I have been doing it as follows:
1. A configural model in which all loadings are allowed to vary between groups. Factors' variances are set to 1 in both groups. One threshold per item is constrained to be equal across groups, but the rest of them are freely estimated. (The model does not converge if this constraints are not included).
2. A scalar model in which equality constraints are applied upon all items and factor loadings. (I have read that metric invariance should not be tested alone in nonlinear MG-CFA).
Despite the increasing popularity of bifactor models and categorical CFA, I have not been able to find clear guidelines about how to conduct such an analysis. Am I doing this right? Is there an expert consensus about how to evaluate invariance in categorical bifactor models (e.g. Δχ², ΔCFI, DIFFTEST)?
Any suggestion will be appreciated. I am working with lavaan in R.
