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Introduction
Publications
Publications (42)
Understanding the lithological control of crustal faults near cities is important for assessing the seismic hazard and characterising complex fault systems. We studied the Mejillones Fault (MF), located near one of the strategic ports in northern Chile. The MF is an active geological fault that extends 40 km in the N-S direction and is part of an e...
La formación académico-profesional y su vinculación con la investigación científica en universidades de educación superior complejas es siempre un desafío, no siempre resuelto de forma efectiva (Cumming, 2009; Brownlow et al., 2023). Este desafío es a su vez más complejo desde instituciones de educación superior en regiones, donde el crecimiento co...
This study was aimed to build a multi-station automatic classification system for volcanic seismic signatures such as hybrid, long period, tremor, tectonic, and volcano–tectonic events. This system was based on a probabilistic model made using transfer learning, which has, as the main tool, a pre-trained convolutional network named AlexNet. We desi...
El volcán Láscar (23°22'S-67°44'O) es el volcán más activo del norte de Chile, ubicado en la Región de Antofagasta. En este trabajo, utilizando la sismicidad volcano-tectónica ocurrida entre marzo y julio del 2018 registrada por una red temporal conformada por 10 estaciones sismológicas, se construyó un modelo tomográfico 2D de Vp y razón Vp/Vs con...
To unravel the relationship between earthquake and tsunami using ionospheric total electron content (TEC) changes, we analyzed two Chilean tsunamigenic subduction earthquakes: the 2014 Pisagua M w 8.1 and the 2015 Illapel M w 8.3. During the Pisagua earthquake, the TEC changes were detected at the GPS sites located to the north and south of the ear...
Plain Language Summary
New observations of thousands of earthquakes occurring within the continental crust (depths <60 km) in northern Chile provide an opportunity to study the tectonic forces acting in this region of the South American continent. We obtain fault orientations and slip directions of 817 crustal earthquakes. The orientations are used...
The region around the Mejillones Peninsula is characterized by major onshore and offshore fault systems. The existence of major splay faults in these fault systems has been debated. To improve our undestanding of seismotectonic processes affecting the MP, we built a new catalog of aftershocks of the 1995 Antofagasta earthquake (Mw 8.1) recorded by...
To unravel the relationship between earthquake and tsunami using ionospheric total electron content (TEC) changes, we analyzed two Chilean tsunamigenic subduction earthquakes: the 2014 Pisagua M w 8.1 and the 2015 Illapel M w 8.3. During the Pisagua earthquake, the TEC changes were detected at the GPS sites located to the north and south of the ear...
The practice of monitoring active volcanoes, includes several techniques using either direct or remote measurements, the latter being more important for volcanoes with limited accessibility. We present the Volcanic Anomalies Monitoring System (VOLCANOMS), a new, online, low-cost and semiautomatic system based on Landsat imagery. This system can det...
Southern Peru and northern Chile (17–30°S, 67–74°W) make up a seismically active region due to the convergence of the Nazca Plate and the South American Plate. The region has experienced a number of destructive earthquakes and tsunamis over the past few centuries, which have caused loss of human life and significant damage to infrastructure, highli...
We performed an integrated analysis of the coseismic slip, afterslip and aftershock activity of the 2014 Mw 8.1 Pisagua earthquake. This earthquake seems to be spatially located between two major historical earthquakes, the 1868 Mw 8.8 earthquake in southern Peru and the 1877 Mw 8.5 earthquake in northern Chile. Continuous GPS data were used to mod...
The plate interface beneath the Mejillones Peninsula in Northern Chile is characterized by anomalous seismogenic behaviors, with seismic and aseismic slip, and low coupling values. We analyze this zone through the seismicity pattern and a 3-D tomography model. We identify high VP/VS values within the oceanic crust and in the lower continental crust...
Intermediate depth seismicity in subduction zones often occurs in the form of two slab-parallel bands. We estimated the seismic P to S wave velocity ratio within the shallowest part of the lower seismicity zone (LSZ) in the mantle of the subducting slab of the Central Andean subduction system at 50-km depth, 30 km below the Moho, using local earthq...
We investigate the stress field that the Nazca slab experiences during subduction beneath the South American plate by determining the focal mechanisms of moderate subduction-related earthquakes continuously from 20- to 120-km depth and inverting for the stress directions of four slab regions. Our results show the sharp termination of the coupling z...
General orthogonal regression (GOR) is a superior regression procedure
for conversion of different magnitude types into preferred ones. It yields a linear relation
between dependent (Yt) and independent variable (Xt) based on observed data
(Xobs, Yobs). Recent investigations have shown that the conventional GOR procedure
for obtaining Yt by substit...
Plausible worst-case tsunamigenic scenarios definition plays a relevant role in tsunami hazard assessment focused in emergency preparedness and evacuation planning for coastal communities. During the last decade, the occurrence of major and moderate tsunamigenic earthquakes along worldwide subduction zones has given clues about critical parameters...
El uso de imágenes satelitales en volcanología es una técnica de fácil acceso y sin costo, debido a la posibilidad de adquisión de imágenes Landsat a través de la plataforma de USGS. La finalidad principal de este trabajo es mostrar cómo por medio de la detección de anomalías termales en volcanes activos a partir de imágenes satelitales, es posible...
Previous studies in the forearc of the northern Chilean subduction zone have identified important tectonic features in the upper crust. As a result of these works, the West Fissure Fault System (WFFS) has recently been imaged using microseismic events. The WFFS is the westward-dipping, sharp lower boundary of the northern Chilean forearc and is geo...
The use of remote sensing techniques as satellite images has become a useful and easy access tool, as a consequence of the open access policy of USGS for Land Remote Sensing Satellite (Landsat) images. Landsat images have been widely used to detect thermal anomalies, to determine heat and mass flux from active lava lakes and fumarolic fields, and t...
We analysed the coseismic and early postseismic deformation of the 2015, Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake by inverting 13 cGPS time series. The seismic rupture concentrated in a shallow (<20 km depth) and 100 km long asperity, which slipped up to 8 m, releasing a seismic moment of 3.6 × 1021 Nm (Mw = 8.3). After 43-days, postseismic afterslip encompassed...
The coda of passive seismic recordings is often rich in arrivals that are coherent across several stations. If reflections can be extracted, then they may be used for seismic reflection subsurface imaging. With the objective to image the upper crust of the North Chilean Precordillera (Central Andes; approximate location 21°S 69° W), we developed a...
Las zonas costeras del sur de Perú y norte de Chile han sido reconocidas como brechas sísmicas maduras con un alto potencial sismogénico asociado con el déficit de momento sísmico acumulado desde el evento mayor de 1877. Una importante pregunta científica es cuál será el patrón de ruptura de un terremoto de subducción futuro, siendo relevante para...
After 137 years without a great earthquake, the Mw 8.1 Pisagua event of 1 April 2014 occurred in the central portion of the southern Peru–northern Chile subduction zone. This megathrust earthquake was preceded by more than 2 weeks of foreshock activity migrating ∼3.5 km/ day toward the mainshock hypocenter. This foreshock sequence was triggered by...
The March 16–April 3, 2014 Pisagua earthquake sequence ruptured the middle part of the southern Peru-northern Chile seismic gap in the curved segment of the Andean subduction zone. The sequence began on March 16, with an Mw 6.7 earthquake that struck near the central section of the gap. A few hours after this initial event, intense seismic activity...
50 years after the great Alaskan earthquake, the Mw8.2 Pisagua earthquake filled in the center of the northern Chile seismic gap, part of the Nazca-South America plate boundary that had not experienced a great earthquake since 1877. The northern Chile margin bears several similarities to Cascadia: both are concave towards the subducting oceanic pla...
The last three great subduction earthquakes on Earth have demonstrated that slip activity at subduction zones seems to be related in two ways with the upper plate fault activity. The 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule Earthquake and the 2011 Mw 9.1 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake generated aftershocks in the upper plate compatible with the reactivation of normal faults. On t...
We obtained high-precision locations for 5250 earthquakes in the Iquique segment of the northern Chilean subduction zone from two temporary local seismic networks around 21°S. A double seismic zone in the downgoing Nazca slab can be clearly identified. One band of seismicity is located at the plate interface and a second one 20-25 km deeper in the...
In 2007 a M7.7 earthquake occurred near the town of Tocopilla within the
northern Chile seismic gap. Main shock slip, derived from coseismic
surface deformation, was confined to the depth range between 30 and 55
km. We relocated ˜1100 events during six months before and one
week after the main shock. Aftershock seismicity is first congruent to
the...
The focus of this study is the high- resolution localization of more
than 800 earthquakes in the Northern Chilean Salar Grande region at
about 21°S within the Andean Costal Cordillera. The events have been
recorded by a temporary local network in 2010. We find, that seismicity
is not only related to the Nazca slab but also occurs widely scattered
w...
We have analyzed crustal and Nazca slab- related seismicity around 21°S in Northern Chile, which has been recorded by a temporary local seismic network in the years 2005-2009. The focus of this study is the high-resolution location of more than 1000 crustal earthquakes in the Precordilleran region with local magnitudes Ml in the range between -0.5...
We present a new image of the deep part of the West Fissure Fault System (WFFS) in northern Chile. Our study is based on the upper crustal microseismicity, which has been obtained by a temporary short-period seismic network installed between 2005-2009, around 21°S. The network consists of twelve 3-component stations which have been recording contin...
The Cerro Colorado intrusive stock in the northeastern Chilean Precordillera is a plutonic complex formed during Late Cretaceous (64–72 Ma), and consists predominantly of pyroxene-bearing biotite monzogabbro (Colorado Unit), with lesser amounts of pyroxene-bearing hornblende biotite diorite (Pucaquisca Unit) and biotite hornblende monzonite (Pabell...
Material inhomogeneities or geometrical irregularities are suggested to act as seismogenic structures which can influence rupture nucleation, propagation, and termination of large earthquakes. To evidence such a behaviour, a direct link between tectonic and/or geological conditions and the areas of focused co-seismic moment release or slip on a rup...
