Pablo Manzano

Pablo Manzano
BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change | BCCC

PhD

About

88
Publications
47,067
Reads
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1,314
Citations
Introduction
Translational Ecologist. Initially focused on ecosystem function theory in rangelands and gradually encompassing also surrounding economic, social and cultural issues. Passionate for ecology in general and particularly for plant-animal and any other complex interactions because of the holistic insight into ecosystems that they provide. A convinced environmentalist and conservationist, I firmly believe on the role of science and scientists in showing the rest of humankind the way forward.
Additional affiliations
January 2022 - present
University of Helsinki
Position
  • Visiting
Description
  • Visiting researcher
March 2020 - December 2021
University of Helsinki
Position
  • PostDoc Position
February 2020 - December 2021
BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change
Position
  • Research Associate
Education
June 2004 - December 2015
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Field of study
  • Rangeland Ecology
September 2002 - June 2004
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Field of study
  • Ecology and the Environment
September 1996 - June 2001
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Field of study
  • Biological Sciences

Publications

Publications (88)
Conference Paper
Full-text available
El sector extensivo ha tenido una importancia extraordinaria para la producción de alimentos en áreas áridas, montañosas y frías de todo el mundo, pero su relevancia ha disminuido especialmente en países industrializados durante el S. XX por la abundancia de energía fósil barata. En la actualidad se observan tendencias a la recuperación, basadas pr...
Article
Full-text available
After centuries as a flagship economic activity, pastoralism in Spain is today in danger of collapse due to the simultaneous processes of abandonment and industrialisation. With a consensus on the need to revert this decline, a characterisation of pastoralism is needed in the design of an efficient framework for action. Through a participatory proc...
Article
Full-text available
This article was published open access under a CC BY-NC 4.0 licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ .
Article
Full-text available
Context There are no estimations of herbivory baselines in Spain. Due to the bioclimatic conditions, ungulates have maintained Open Ecosystems until the Holocene. Pastoral tradition later fulfilled the niche of wild grazers, but this role is not considered in environmental assessments of grazing livestock. Objectives We attempted to better underst...
Article
Full-text available
Pastoralism in Old World savannas is known to emit a significant share of global livestock-sourced greenhouse gases (GHG). Here, we compare calculated emissions from animals in a wildlife-dominated savanna (14.3 Mg km ⁻² ), to those in an adjacent land with similar ecological characteristics but under pastoralism (12.8 Mg km ⁻² ). The similar estim...
Article
Regenerative Rangeland Management (RRM) is emerging as one of the most promising approaches to achieving sustainability of animal production at economic, social and environmental levels. The current bottleneck in RRM is a slow adoption rate, as the farmers’ views are still poorly studied and considered. We conducted individual surveys with 33 Spani...
Article
Full-text available
Maestre et al. (Reports, 24 November 2022, p. 915) analyze livestock grazing in global drylands without adequately considering critical ecological, social, and economic variables. Their analysis ignores mobile pastoralism practices and land governance arrangements, critical for sustainable grazing in dry rangelands.
Technical Report
Full-text available
• Spain has a very diverse range of ecosystems that have been created and transformed over centuries by pastoralism. • Some 88% of the country’s land area can be used as pastures at some time of the year. Two main pastoral strategies have evolved: mobility, and agrosilvopastoralism. • Transhumance involves moving animals be- tween winter pastures...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose Transhumance has rarely been analyzed through LCA approaches, and there is little evidence about its emissions level when conducted under different practices (by truck or on foot) or compared to sedentary livestock systems. Moreover, mobile pastoralism is strongly linked to natural resources by its seasonal grazing patterns, thereby occupyi...
Preprint
Full-text available
Context There are no estimations of herbivory baselines in Spain. Due to the bioclimatic conditions, ungulates have maintained Open Ecosystems until the Holocene. Pastoral tradition later fulfilled the niche of wild grazers, but this role is not considered in environmental assessments of grazing livestock. Objectives We attempted to better underst...
Article
Full-text available
Knowing the carrying capacity of the Earth’s grazed ecosystems, and the relevance of herbivory, is important for many scientific disciplines, as well as for policy. Current herbivore levels are estimated to be four to five times larger than at the Pleistocene–Holocene transition or the start of the industrial revolution. While this estimate can lea...
Article
Full-text available
An understanding of traditional ecological knowledge systems is increasingly acknowledged as a means of helping to develop global, regional and national, but locally relevant policies. Pastoralists often use lands that are unsuitable for crops due to biophysical and climatic extremities and variabilities. Forage plants of pastures are utilized by h...
Preprint
Full-text available
Purpose Transhumance has rarely been analyzed through LCA approaches, and there is little evidence about its emissions level when conducted under different practices (by truck or on hoof), or compared to static/sedentary livestock systems. Moreover, mobile pastoralism is strongly linked to natural resources by its seasonal grazing patterns, thereby...
Article
Full-text available
Recently there has been a hot discussion among various stakeholders on the future of Ngorongoro. The Government of Tanzania propose relocating pastoralists from the district with intention of conserving this important Wold Heritage site. The decision is being made over the claims that the reserve is on the threshold of extinction due to a booming p...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Andalucía cuenta con un amplio patrimonio de razas caprinas, con alta rusticidad y muy adaptadas a su territorio, que proporcionan además amplios servicios ecosistémicos. Sin embargo, su situación actual es alarmante por una acumulación de factores en su contra. La falta de reconocimiento específico del sistema ganadero extensivo por parte de la ad...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
El pastoreo de caprino extensivo de razas amenazadas, con alta rusticidad y buena adaptación al territorio, proporciona una amplia gama de servicios ecosistémicos. La cualidad extensiva, fundamental para la provisión de dichos servicios, no se captura específicamente, sin embargo, en la certificación ecológica ni en ninguna directiva actual. Sus be...
Article
Full-text available
Animal source foods are evolutionarily appropriate foods for humans. It is therefore remarkable that they are now presented by some as unhealthy, unsustainable, and unethical, particularly in the urban West. The benefits of consuming them are nonetheless substantial, as they offer a wide spectrum of nutrients that are needed for cell and tissue dev...
Chapter
Full-text available
Pastoralism is a globally -important livelihood, with large social, environmental and economic importance across much of our planet. Yet, it is also a vulnerable practice with widespread crises, urgently calling for better systemic understanding. The current disciplinary compartmentalization of research not only hampers this but allows perpetuation...
Conference Paper
Land degradation linked to pastoralism use has been a worldwide concern for decades. A biological approach has often been use to understand such phenomena, usually disregarding economic and social factors. Radical transformations of pastoralism at the Algerian steppe constitute a good case study to provide an integrated understanding and to better...
Chapter
The focus of attention regarding the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic has been on direct health outcomes and the macroeconomic impacts of control measures. Here we review the available evidence about the food security impacts of the pandemic on pastoralists in Eastern and Western Africa. While pastoralism occurs on more than 50% of the world's land...
Article
Full-text available
In the western Algerian steppe, the public authorities have carried out actions aimed at rural development (agricultural development programs) and combating desertification (grazing reserves) to counter the significant and rapid loss of vegetation cover of pastures by overgrazing, and the consequent impacts on local livelihoods. In the Rogassa area...
Article
Full-text available
Pastoralism is globally significant in social, environmental, and economic terms. However, it experiences crises rooted in misconceptions and poor interdisciplinary understanding, while being largely overlooked in international sustainability forums and agendas. Here, we propose a transdisciplinary research approach to understand pastoralist transi...
Article
Full-text available
Recent calls advocate that a huge reduction in the consumption of animal products (including dairy) is essential to mitigate climate change and stabilise global warming below the 1.5 and 2°C targets. The Paris Agreement states that to stabilise temperatures we must reach a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of...
Article
Full-text available
L'utilisation de niveaux de référence est courante dans les études scientifiques de disciplines diverses, y compris l'environnement, mais elles dépendent de la référence géographique ou historique considérée. La mesure des effets de l'élevage sur le changement climatique a toutefois négligé cet aspect. En effet, les émissions de gaz à effet de serr...
Article
Full-text available
A transumância e a pastagem móvel têm grande valor ambiental e social, mas sofrem com as barreiras do controle veterinário. A partir de estudos de caso em países com diferentes níveis econômicos, mostro que a combinação do controle veterinário com a mobilidade do gado pode ser combinada, com resultados positivos em sustentabilidade.
Article
Full-text available
La trashumancia y el pastoreo móvil tienen gran valor ambiental y social pero sufren barerras de control veterinario. A partir de estudios de caso en países de diferente nivel económico muestro que conjugar control veterinario y movilidad ganadera se pueden conjugar, con resultados positivos en la sostenibilidad.
Technical Report
Full-text available
La ganadería extensiva y la conservación de los pastos tiene un efecto mitigador del cambio climático, frente a la ganadería industrial que está basada en la importación de piensos y, por lo tanto, requiere la conversión de suelos naturales (pastizales o bosques) en suelos agrícolas mediante deforestación de zonas de bosque tropical, con su consecu...
Article
Full-text available
COVID-19 is a global pandemic that continues to spread around the world, including to Africa where cases are steadily increasing. The African Centres for Disease Control and Prevention is leading the pandemic response in Africa, with direction from the World Health Organization guidelines for critical preparedness, readiness, and response actions....
Book
Full-text available
Livestock production systems in West Africa are fundamental for food security and for sustaining rural economies. A review of the environment, its distribution, genetics, production systems, inputs, animal health, outputs, trade, policies, roles and constraints drives to a series of recommendations for the future
Book
Full-text available
This report intends to address the role that extensive farming can play in the context of climate change, both in connection with improving the assessment of its emissions and their derived effects, as well as contributing to its adaptation, and above all, harnessing all its potential to fight climate change. This report is conceived as a technical...
Book
Full-text available
Este cuaderno, coeditado por la Fundación Entretantos y la Plataforma por la Ganadería Extensiva y el Pastoralismo, recopila y organiza un intenso trabajo colectivo desarrollado en el seno de la Plataforma para abordar la adaptación y la lucha contra el cambio climático desde la perspectiva de la ganadería extensiva. El proceso se inició con una se...
Article
Full-text available
Habitat fragmentation is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity conservation and ecosystem productivity mediated by direct human impact. Its consequences include genetic depauperation, comprising phenomena such as inbreeding depression or reduction in genetic diversity. While the capacity of wild and domestic herbivores to sustain long-distanc...
Article
Full-text available
Livestock-related Life Cycle Analyses (LCA) have consistently identified extensive livestock systems as the most emission-intense sources of greenhouse gases, which has triggered calls for a livestock intensification policy, including the promotion of monogastrics in zero-grazing systems. This is in contrast with advocates for pastoralist systems t...
Preprint
Full-text available
Habitat fragmentation is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity conservation and productivity, that are mediated by direct human impact. Its consequences include genetic depauperation, including phenomena such as inbreeding depression or reduction in genetic diversity. While the capacity of wild and domestic herbivores to sustain long-distance...
Preprint
Habitat fragmentation is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity conservation and productivity, that are mediated by direct human impact. Its consequences include genetic depauperation, including phenomena such as inbreeding depression or reduction in genetic diversity. While the capacity of wild and domestic herbivores to sustain long-distance...
Technical Report
Full-text available
The economic potential of pastoralist livelihoods for providing income and reducing poverty in Tanzania's Ngorongoro district are analyzed. While some room for improvement is detected, it becomes clear that the demographic growth in the district requires a drastic investment into education for local people to be able to move into the secondary and...
Technical Report
Full-text available
In spite of negative perceptions, mobile pastoralism is a highly sustainable production system with clear environmental, social and economic benefits. This document makes the case for mobile pastoralism – a beneficial practice that is seriously threatened today, not just in the Mediterranean, but all over the world - through the revision of more th...
Technical Report
Full-text available
A pesar de las percepciones negativas, el pastoreo móvil es un sistema de producción altamente sostenible con claros beneficios ambientales, sociales y económicos. Este documento destaca el pastoreo móvil, una práctica beneficiosa que está seriamente amenazada hoy en día, no sólo en el Mediterráneo sino en todo el mundo, a través de la revisión de...
Technical Report
Full-text available
Malgré les perceptions négatives, le pastoralisme mobile est un système de production hautement durable qui présente des avantages environnementaux, sociaux et économiques évidents. Cet article met en lumière le pastoralisme mobile, une pratique bénéfique qui est aujourd'hui gravement menacée, non seulement en Méditerranée mais dans le monde entier...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Increased conflict with pastoralists around conservation areas is being observed in the Eastern African region, particularly in northern Tanzania and northern Kenya. Past and undergoing efforts to reduce conflict with local communities seem ineffective in order to halt conflict, especially during dry years, and yet the number of livestock measured...
Chapter
Agriculture and forestry traditionally focus on improving plant growth traits based on an anthropocentric point of view. This paradigm has led to global problems associated to soil overexploitation such as soil losses, reductions of the C stock in soils, and the generalized use of fertilizers, which particularly increases the costs of production an...
Chapter
Full-text available
Agriculture and forestry traditionally focus on improving plant growth traits based on an anthropocentric point of view. This paradigm has led to global problems associated to soil overexploitation such as soil losses, reductions of the C stock in soils, and the generalized use of fertilizers, which particularly increases the costs of production an...
Article
Full-text available
Interventions in pastoralist areas have tended to be poorly guided because of lack of understanding of pastoralist societies and their conditioning factors. In this paper I propose a decision matrix that helps valuing the traditional knowledge of such communities in designing interventions better fitted to local population needs. Available at http...
Article
Questions How does grazing affect taxonomic diversity and functional structure of Mediterranean grassland communities? How do spatial and inter‐annual variations in water availability, as a proxy for productivity, modulate grazing effects? Are shifts in taxonomic diversity systematically mirrored by analogous changes in functional diversity along t...
Article
Full-text available
This article looks at the historical challenges to pastoralist participation in policy dialogues, before highlighting the benefits that pastoralist participation creates, not only for their own livelihood's, but also to wider society. In addition, the mechanisms for enhancing pastoralist participation in policy dialogues are discussed; focusing on...
Article
Pastoralist systems are complex production systems able to thrive in areas with scarce and unpredictable plant productivity. However, they have been negatively impacted by poorly designed development interventions and negative media portrayals. Investment guided by careful understanding and consultation with local communities can take advantage of...
Technical Report
Full-text available
This review is a product of the Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance (LEAP) Partnership . The initial objective of this review was to provide the members LEAP Technical Advisory Group (TAG) on biodiversity with a common ground of knowledge on the main biodiversity indicators and assessment methods that could be applied to livestock p...
Technical Report
Full-text available
Adaptation is a key feature of productive systems in rangelands given the climatic uncertainties they experience. With climate change adding an additional challenge to livelihoods in arid lands, innovations and economic changes are introducing effective new adaptation elements that should be promoted alongside traditional approaches.
Technical Report
Full-text available
L’adaptation est une caractéristique clé des systèmes de production dans les pâturages. Étant donné que le changement climatique constitue un défi supplémentaire pour les moyens de subsistance dans les zones arides, les innovations et les changements économiques qui introduisent de nouveaux éléments d’adaptation devraient être promus pour compléter...
Book
Full-text available
Rangelands are large natural landscapes that can include grasslands, shrublands, savannahs and woodlands. They are greatly influenced by, and often dependent on, the action of herbivores. In the majority of rangelands the dominant herbivores are found in domestic herds that are managed by mobile pastoralists. Most pastoralists manage their rangelan...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Generally, drylands cover about 41% of Earth’s land surface and are inhabited by more than 2 billion people. In Eastern Africa, drylands occupy 75% of the land – ranging from 90% in Kenya, 75% of Ethiopia and 67% of Tanzania ; in total, covering an area of about 2 million square kilometres. More than 60 million or 40% of the population live here. T...
Article
Full-text available
Research and practice are increasingly demonstrating the environmental benefits of pastoralism and the opportunity for sustainable development of pastoral communities through a combination of livestock and biodiversity-related business. To take full advantage of the potential biodiversity-pastoral synergies, it will be crucial to put in place suppo...
Data
What are the effects of traditional drove roads on landscape pattern and plant communities? Madrid Autonomous Region, Central Spain. We selected four study localities in different landscape units. Within each locality, we selected eight sites and within each site, we established three 1-ha plots, each corresponding to one of three situations: drove...
Article
Question What are the effects of traditional drove roads on landscape pattern and plant communities? Location Madrid Autonomous Region, Central Spain. Methods We selected four study localities in different landscape units. Within each locality, we selected eight sites and within each site, we established three 1-ha plots, each corresponding to one...
Chapter
Full-text available
Este Libro Blanco de la Trashumancia en España, nacido de la integración de miradas muy diferentes, pero siempre respetuosas con el territorio, ve la luz con esa convicción; con el ánimo de ser, nada más, pero nada menos, que una guía que oriente el buen regreso de los paisajes móviles más ricos y duraderos de Europa.
Chapter
Full-text available
Este Libro Blanco de la Trashumancia en España, nacido de la integración de miradas muy diferentes, pero siempre respetuosas con el territorio, ve la luz con esa convicción; con el ánimo de ser, nada más, pero nada menos, que una guía que oriente el buen regreso de los paisajes móviles más ricos y duraderos de Europa.
Article
Studies of external seed transport on animals usually assume that the probability of detachment is constant, so that seed retention should show a simple exponential relationship with time. This assumption has not been tested explicitly, and may lead to inaccurate representation of long distance seed dispersal by animals. We test the assumption by c...
Chapter
Full-text available
Ants and seeds show a variety of interactions, from generalist seed harvesters to more selective elaiosome-eating ants. Seed harvesting by ants is an interaction typical of non-forested systems from mid and low latitudes. Most aspects of the foraging strategy of harvester ants can be interpreted as a time-saving policy. Ants take advantage of the l...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
La trashumancia representa la mejor adaptación de la ganadería al régimen de productividad natural de la región mediterránea. A pesar de la importancia que tiene esta práctica para la conservación de ecosistemas y la biodiversidad, la mitigación y adaptación al cambio climático y la lucha contra la desertificación, también padece el abandono genera...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
El pastoreo móvil, representado en España por la trashumancia, es el uso del territorio más extendido del planeta, ocupando aproximadamente un tercio de las tierras emergidas e implicando en su gestión a entre 100 y 200 millones de personas. Existe una tendencia gubernamental generalizada por todo el planeta para sedentarizar a los pastoralistas, m...
Article
Full-text available
On the basis of previous research, we predict that Mediterranean grasslands should show larger-seeded annuals in: (1) more-arid grasslands; (2) more-fertile soils; (3) less-grazed grasslands; and (4) grasslands with lower intensities of seed predation by ants. To test these predictions, we set 29 sampling units of 50 m × 50 m in a 1000 km2 grasslan...
Article
Seed dispersal involves several complex stages that can be affected by multiple peripheral processes. Thus, a major dispersal event can be followed by secondary dispersal, which can reduce density-dependent mortality and consolidate the dispersal phase. But predation events can also follow, and predation of seeds in feces is particularly interestin...
Article
Full-text available
Pathogenicity tests were performed to determine resistance in the wild tomato Solanum huaylasense to four populations of Meloidogyne spp. The S. huaylasense accession LA1358, the root-knot nematode resistant tomato cultivar 'Anairis' and the susceptible tomato cultivar 'Bodar' were assessed against three Miavirulent populations of either Meloidogyn...
Article
Full-text available
Spain presents exceptional ecological conditions for mobile pastoralism. Its semi-arid climate and its geography combine large biomass production in different places of the country at different times of the year. This creates an ecological rationale for the migration of large herbivores that was continued after the domestication of ruminants. Mobil...
Technical Report
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Technical Report
Full-text available
Pastoralism is a long-standing tradition in Bosnia-Herzegovina, a mountain-rich country offering superb landscapes and a wild nature. It has been, however, severely affected by the consequences of the wars in the 1990s, displacing populations and altering migration routes as well as pasture use. Developing high added value initiatives that make the...
Technical Report
Full-text available
Stočarstvo, naročito ovčarstvo, bilo je jako bitno u povijesti Bosne i Hercegovine. U posljednje vrijeme je prošlo kroz veliku krizu, pojačanu ratom i prijelazu na tržišno gospodarstvo. Vrijedi li očuvati naslijeđe uporabe zemlje koja sa sobom donosi mnogo lokalne kulture i znanja? Ova studija analizira slučaj regije istočne Hercegovine, ponovno pr...