P L Joshi

ICSSR Senior Research Fellow · Western Regional Centre Mumbai India

Purpose: This study has two purposes: i) to determine which skill sets are considered the most important and necessary for today's accountants, and ii) to investigate the impact of major categories such as business skills, soft skills, technical and digital skills, and ethical skills on the performance of accountants in the workplace Methodology:...

Over the course of history, innovation, and research have greatly influenced economic progress. In India, businesses and governments have mostly invested in R&D to promote innovation and create new goods or services. R&D investment as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is quite low, notwithstanding India’s ambition to have a $5 trillion e...

In this study, an attempt is made to document and provide empirical evidence on the critical determinants of internal audit effectiveness in Indian Nifty500 companies. IA effectiveness is arguably being a result of the interplay among different factors that may have an immense effect but have not been thoroughly investigated in Indian context. As a...

The objective of this article is to shed light on the emergence of recent auditing technology i.e. integrating data analytics into auditing procedures. The reliance on digitalization as well as the increasing volume of data accessibility has reckoned the importance of using Big data and Data Analytics (BDA) in audit work. Therefore, an attempt is m...

This research is to assess the empirical evidence on the critical determinants of internal audit (IA) effectiveness in Indian Nifty500 companies. IA effectiveness is arguably a result of the interplay among different factors that may have an immense effect but have not been thoroughly investigated in the Indian environment. Using the proportionate...

India has evolved from a nation of “snake charmers” and a “third-world nation” to one of the world’s most powerful forces in the 21st century. Authorities in India were sure that their nation was now a leading one as well as a balancing power. They now envy India’s place in global politics, the country’s booming economy, and its resurgent military...

The traditional cost and management techniques have gradually become inappropriate for the competitiveness that exists today in the manufacturing environment. The fast-changing manufacturing environment has raised the need for advanced techniques that support decision-making through more timely relevant information. Target costing (TC) is one such...

This study aims to contribute to the understanding of the usage of performance measurement tools and techniques and the barriers faced by Indian Nifty 500 companies. We used a survey based on a random sampling technique for sample selection, and questionnaire links were sent to 218 listed companies and 50 responses were received (23% response rate)...

Value-Based Management (VBM) provides an objective-based framework for a company’s performance measurement system. It is perceived as a valuable approach by managers to support the designing and implementation of value-creating strategies. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to shed light on the theoretical retrospective and prospective of V...

Women’s rapid empowerment is a key element in the Indian context, where women make up almost 50 per cent of the population and make up more than 60 per cent of the labour force, in order to achieve gender equality, when men and women have equal authority and access to opportunities for education, economic activities, media, healthcare, self-growth,...

A strategic visionary leader, thinker, and innovator since the history of Indian Independence, Indian prime minister Narendra Modi has unquestionably emerged as the most admired leader in the world from a variety of perspectives. Typically, leadership is employed as a gauge of a nation’s progress on different fronts. A leader and his team are sole...

Analysis of earnings management (EM) strategies in financial distress conditions will be more appropriate by considering the intensity of the distress because financial distress is a heterogeneous condition according to its intensity. Therefore, companies will practice EM strategies according to the intensity of financial distress. The study collec...

Purpose: The aim of this research is to provide a critical review of literature on the factors influencing accounting students’ career choice to be public accountants and develop a conceptual framework. Methodology: The study follows a qualitative mythological approach by reviewing the relevant literature pertaining to factors such as financial r...

The role of internal auditing is transforming from traditional assurance provider to assessor, advisory and consulting services provider. The objective of this chapter is to provide insights into the changing role and functions of the IA in terms of internal control, corporate governance, fraud detection and prevention, risk assessment amd manageme...

On 23 rd March 2022, Russia announced a fundamental change in its oil and gas trading policy requiring its unfriendly countries to make payments only in the ruble and not in dollars and euros, for gas they buy from it. This editorial note aims to describe some of the likely economic implications of this policy decision on Russia and other countries...

This paper examines the association between audit fees and attributes of internal audit (IA), audit committee (AC), as measured by independence and financial expertise, as well as characteristics of the firm. The determinants of audit fees have been extensively investigated in the prior literature, but the results are conflicting. We develop a comp...

Purpose This study aims to examine the preference for earnings management (EM) strategies according to business strategies, namely, cost leadership strategies and differentiation strategies, Design/methodology/approach This study analyzed 262 samples of manufacturing and service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019....

Purpose: In the age of rapid technological changes, the nature of work of internal auditors is also changing and new influencing factors are emerging which affect the internal audit effectiveness. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate important factors influencing the effectiveness of internal audit in Nifty-500 listed companies in Ind...

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the issues of changing the mind-sets of employees and institutions when organizations go for change management for various reasons. The mind-set factor is often either ignored or given least priority by management during strategic planning. Mind-set management relies more on continuous learning, the capacity...

This study tries to identify the determinants that affect the effectiveness of internal auditing for listed firms in India. A sample of 300 listed companies was drawn. Questionnaires were mailed to the head of audit department, internal audit managers, internal auditor and head of accounts of each company. The overall response rate was 28.3%. The r...

Today, audit stakeholders are demanding speedy information on audit assurance, compliance, advisory practices, anticipation of risks and effective controls for decision making and to monitor agents with minimum efforts. They want that internal audit function to contribute greater value in the business. Failure to demonstrate how internal audit func...

The need and importance of internal auditing in Indian listed companies is increasing because of strengthening of corporate governance practices by regulatory bodies and the Indian market environment is becoming more competitive. This study attempts to determine some of the critical factors that affect the effectiveness of internal auditing in Indi...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) could be a game-changer in the future for business services and would change many of the tasks, processes, and activities in accounting and auditing areas. This chapter reviews the emergence of AI and its relevance in accounting and auditing, applications, understandable problems and issues and the types of new skills d...

This editorial discusses some of the financial reporting challenges and implications which are arising due to COVID­19 occurrence for accounting and auditing professionals. The editorial note argues that the impacts of coronavirus spread are non­adjusting event for 2019 and impacts of the events will be reported and adjusted in the first quarter of...

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a main path for companies to react to the societal requirements in the surroundings in which they operate. The interest of CSR initially developed in line to the society’s growing concern for the environment, human rights, ethical values in business, and for other social aspects. Various firms facing increas...

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a main path for companies to react to the societal requirements in the surroundings in which they operate. The interest of CSR initially developed in line to the society’s growing concern for the environment, human rights, ethical values in business, and for other social aspects. Various firms facing increas...

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a main path for companies to react to the societal requirements in the surroundings in which they operate. The interest of CSR initially developed in line to the society’s growing concern for the environment, human rights, ethical values in business, and for other social aspects. Various firms facing increas...

This paper considers the underlying procedures in big data and its various analytical tools which accountants and auditors may have to use in internal and continuous auditing. It describes the nature and characteristics of big data, distinguishes between traditional, continuous auditing and continuous monitoring, importance of data analytics for in...

In the ever fast changing business world in which currently, digitalization is playing a key role, it is becoming imperative for the working executives to embrace changes by fighting obsolesce in their work place, keep learning and adapting challenges on a continuous basis in order to improve their management practices, skills and leadership capabi...

This paper considers the procedures underlying in big data and its various analytical tools which accountants and auditors may have to use in internal and continuous auditing. It describes the nature and characteristics of big data, distinguishes between traditional, continuous auditing and continuous monitoring, importance of data analytics for in...

The concept of anticipatory accountant is not a rocket science rather a common sense approach that tells all professional accountants that they need to learn if they want to stay relevant in society in the era of trending technologies which is affecting them and their profession deeply. Therefore, in the light of rapid changes that are taking place...

In a previous study on the firm size and corporate social responsibility (CSR) participation conducted by Golrida, et al (2017), different result is reported with Udayasankar’s hypothesis (2008) which states a U-shape relationship of firm size and CSR participation. However, it is arqued that Udayasankar hyppothesis is better applicable in develope...

The study of corporate governance and its influence on a firms’ performance has been extensively examined by western researchers. However, research concentrating on corporate governance variables of audit characteristics is still limited and few studies have been undertaken in the context of developing countries like Malaysia. Audit characteristics...

In the era of fast-tracking digitization and unconventional big data analytics, business models are being reshaped and they impact auditing amongst auditors. This viewpoint paper takes into account the procedures underlying on big data and its analytics in driving the evolution of business and identifies some of the unresolved issues and concerns o...

Corporate financial reporting has rapidly evolved because of stakeholders’ increasing demands for transparent and non-financial information. Integrated reporting (IR), which merges financial and non-financial information in reporting and promotes integrated thinking, is increasingly used to meet such demand. The objective of this article is to anal...

This article discusses from a practical perspective three types of managers namely smart working managers, hardworking managers and hardly working managers and supports them with suitable examples.

Integrated Reporting (IR) integrates financial and other value relevant information of an organization in one report, an innovative development in corporate reporting. This study reports the perceptions of accountants regrading benefits and possible adoption of IR in the Malaysian context. We used the survey method and received responses from 50 co...

Integrated reporting (IR) is steadily gaining momentum globally. Therefore, the aim of of this paper is to examine the executives’ perspectives on IR in Malaysian context regarding their awareness, benefits, costs, training requirements apart from ascertaining how organizations are preparing themselves towards adoption and disclosure of the IR. Usi...

This study examines the effect of corporate governance, disclosure and firm characteristics on firm performance by taking data from the 2013 financial year annual reports of top listed companies in Malaysia. Using multiple regression analysis, this study finds that the effect on firm performance, namely ROA, ROE and Tobins Q, is different. Board si...

This Chapter provides an extensive review of the traditional vs. new dimension of management accounting practices (MAP), followed by a detailed discussion of the evolution of MAP in the context of Thailand. Finally, the discussion focuses on the new management accounting techniques that the Thai firms should adopt, to be at par with their counterpa...

The objective of this chapter is to examine the changing role of management accountants (MAs) by describing the evolution of management accounting and reviewing the local variants and global factors that influenced MAs in the Indian context. The analysis is based on both theoretical descriptions as well as survey findings. Tracing the roots of mana...

A number of studies have concentrated in exploring the audit service provided by audit firms and the related fee charged. Factors such as an audit firms’ brand and its reputation and the skills and experience of auditors’ are some of the important variables influencing the audit service fee. There is a lack of evidence of a relationship between an...

The aim of this study is to investigate Udayasankar's hypothesis regarding the relationship between firm size and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) participation in Indonesia. Udayasankar (2008) proposed the U shape relationship of firm size and CSR participation. Since at the country level, factors such as economic development, social, politic...

This study examines the compliance and disclosure levels of corporate governance practices of Malaysian firms under the MCCG 2012. Additionally, the study aims to deepen our understanding of the main drivers of corporate governance reporting in one of the fast developing countries in Asia. Data for 84 top companies listed with Bursa Malaysia are ex...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which Management Commentary section in the annual reports of listed companies in Bursa Malaysia fulfils compliance requirements of IFRS's Practice Statement of 2010. Using a sample of 100 largest companies, we constructed a disclosure index from the annual reports, and used multiple regressi...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent of intellectual capital disclosures and the determinants of such disclosures by the Malaysian companies. A disclosure index for the intellectual capital information consisting of 20 items, using the annual reports of top 100 companies listed in Bursa Malaysia as on December 31, 2013, was developed....

The classroom is a learning environment where active interactions and meaningful learning occur between learners and knowledge providers. The teachers and the learners have a unique relationship and this relationship is highly determined by their backgrounds and experiences. Teachers have the responsibility to manage the classroom with the aim of p...

The classroom is a learning environment where active interactions and meaningful learning occur between learners and knowledge providers. The teachers and the learners have a unique relationship and this relationship is highly determined by their backgrounds and experiences. Teachers have the responsibility to manage the classroom with the aim of p...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the extent to which Management Commentary section in the annual reports of listed companies in Malaysian Stock Exchange fulfill compliance requirements of IFRSs Practice Statement of 2010. A total of 100 companies whose market capitalization was approximately 85% of the market by the end of 2012 were chos...

Past researchers build up disclosure index on traditional disclosures items, like provisions, intellectual capitals, etc. Very limited studies have been reported where the disclosure index is constructed on information based on implicit capital of the firm. The implicit capital is those characteristics that are responsible for catalyzing the firm t...

Performance management has been a contemporary topic for research. Extensive studies have concentrated on this area and claimed that non financial measures besides financial measures are the essence for today's business environment. The literature review also asserted that the business performance measurement is highly concentrated on the non-finan...

This paper examines the determinants of audit fees in a sample of top 100 companies listed in Bursa Stock Exchange in Malaysia; market capitalization of these companies is about 85% of the total market capitalization at the end of 2012. The authors collected data from the annual reports of the companies for the year 2012, and analyzed it using a mu...

Cronbach Alpha has been used traditionally to validate data before detail analysis in research. Factor analysis was used to justify validity of data. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is recognised to provide much more rigorous analysis of model power in relation to construct and content validity. CFA eli...

The Performance Measurement System (PMS) has been a salient research topic for many prominent researchers in the accounting and management areas. The performance measures in PMS, which have mainly concentrated on the financial dimension, are insufficient for todays competitive business environment to gauge a firms success. As a result, a firm incor...

In today's competitive business environment, firms are emphasising the use of an integrated performance system consisting of both financial and non-financial measures. The emphasis on non-financial measures that drives the financial outcome adds value to the strategic goals of organisation. Literature highlights the causal relationship between the...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors influencing the voluntary compliance with the IFRS Practice Statement Management Commentary by listed companies in Bahrain in their 2010–2011 annual reports. The statistical analysis shows that there is a moderate tendency to comply with the practice statement. The compliance levels range from 40%...

Publication of empirical research into accounting for software costs is limited despite its increasing significance in the business world. Therefore, this study makes an attempt to fill this gap by providing evidence of the accounting practices for software costs in a sample of 34 large and medium size companies, located in the State of Bahrain. Pr...

The purpose of this article is to explore financial reporting abuses encountered by auditors in Bahrain. Additionally, we also analyze whether there are differences in perceptions between Big4 versus non-Big4 audit firms. positions of the auditors (audit supervisor, audit manager or partners), and firms having larger number of clients versus firms...

Using a questionnaire method on a small sample size of insurance companies that claim to have been applying IFRS-4 in Bahrain, this study examines to what extent these companies have been applying the provisions of the standard. The study covers the views of the insurance companies on the relevance and usefulness, understanding and knowledge of acc...

The objective of this study is to investigate Bahraini accountants perceptions of internal control problems associated with their use of computerised accounting systems and how such problems may be resolved. A three-section questionnaire was developed to collect the data. A sample of (100) firms was selected for the study. Sixty-two questionnaires...

This study examines how management accounting practices (MAPs) have been adopted and diffused by publicly listed firms in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The results of our survey show that the adoption rates for MAPs in the area of cost management and strategy are low while those in the area of performance measurement are moderate. O...

This study uses survey data from 47 industrial companies located in the Kingdom of Bahrain in order to examine to the extent to which the companies combine the use of financial, non-financial and subjective measures in evaluating their performance. The survey reports that, although ROI is the most popular financial measure, industrial companies use...

This study uses survey data from 47 industrial companies located in the Kingdom of Bahrain in order to examine to the extent to which the companies combine the use of financial, non-financial and subjective measures in evaluating their performance. The survey reports that, although ROI is the most popular financial measure, industrial companies use...

In an online survey, based on a sample size of 340 responses, was carried out to ascertain public perceptions of the positive and negative aspects of the Indian administrative bureaucratic system (IAS). Only 13% of the respondents were satisfied with the system. The most important positive aspect with respect to the IAS system was the factor of dec...

The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors influencing the level of environmental disclosure information from a sample of 45 Indian industrial listed companies in their websites. In order to explain the reasons for the disclosure of environmental information by the companies, legitimacy theory is applied in this paper. The evidence shows t...

Corporations in Bahrain are required to prepare their financial statements using international financial reporting standards (IFRSs), and the external auditors are required to follow international standards on auditing (ISAs). This study investigates the extent to which external auditors in Bahrain comply with the 32 ISAs, and also the problems enc...

Corporations in Bahrain are required to prepare their financial statements using international financial reporting standards (IFRSs), and the external auditors are required to follow international standards on auditing (ISAs). This study investigates the extent to which external auditors in Bahrain comply with the 32 ISAs, and also the problems enc...

We report on a survey study of auditor–client relationship problems in an under-developed audit market in Bahrain. The study investigates client perspectives and views on important auditing process issues, value added audit activities for client organizations, and auditor rotation. Clients viewed high fees, excessive audit time requirements, diffic...

This study investigates auditors' perceptions regarding audit evidence gathering techniques in the following areas: extent of use, reliability, average time spent and persuasiveness of the collected evidence. Additionally, the problems encountered by the auditors in using these techniques in the field are also catalogued. This study used a survey m...

In modern paradigm, accounting educational literature has been placing due impetus on professional competencies and critical-thinking skills for accounting students. Reinforcing the same theme, this paper looks at the self reflective and integrated strategies in teaching accounting courses in some developing countries in order to enhance learning a...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate multinational corporations' (MNCs) voluntary practice of including corporate social and environmental disclosure (CSED) on their web sites and characteristics that inspire MNCs to be more accountable in this regard. Design/methodology/approach – This study adopts discrimination analysis to test...

In the quest for a single set of global accounting standards, the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) continues to work with regulators in other countries toward adoption of IFRS. This study reports on an exploratory study of Bahrain's accounting and auditing professionals' perceptions about important issues relevant to developing and im...

Today, a number of experimental models of imparting education at the school level are being introduced. In the United States and Australia, outcomes-based education or standards-based education, which claims an objectives-based assessment of student's performance, are being tested. However, outcomes-based education has been often labeled as controv...

We report on a questionnaire survey of audit firms and listed companies in the Kingdom of Bahrain to investigate the perceptions on the issue of auditors' independence with regard to rendering non-audit services (NAS). Our survey results of auditors and client executives support the proposition that independence is impaired if the auditor also rend...

India is the seventh largest country in the world by geographical area and the second most populated after China. It has the largest democracy in the world. The economy of India is the fourth largest in the world in terms of purchasing power parity with an over 8 percent annual economic growth rate. India has a rich and unique cultural heritage, an...

ndia and other developing countries face a deficit of available human intellectual capital necessary to manage and sustain their rapidly transforming economic enterprises and capital markets, huge inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI), and the shift caused by outsourcing businesses in today’s globalizing world. India’s diverse culture, English-...

ertain critical issues face Indian B-schools in their quest to mold students using a holistic and fully integrated approach based on academic rigor, building character, and nurturing values and a curriculum for meeting industry expectations and the external environment. Among them, the I.S.B. has greater autonomy and flexibility because it is in th...

This article discusses some issues of corruption cases in Indian environment . It provides some snapshots of publicized scandals and scams, categories of corruption, core reasons and signs of corruption, some strategies to curb corruption and role of civil society and media in creating awareness and acting as whistle blowers in this regard. The art...

Audit committees (ACs) are a powerful tool in effective corporate governance. This study examines the functioning of ACs in Bahrain from the responses of 30 companies listed on the Bahrain stock exchange. Data were collected from questionnaires from companies and the audit firms. The study primarily focuses on the extent to which companies in Bahra...

This paper examines the composition, focus and functions of audit committees (ACs), the effects of meetings and the criteria used in the selection of members by Indian listed companies from 73 questionnaire responses. The survey was carried out during February-March, 2002. The study reveals that so far only 56.2% of companies have established an AC...

In a rapidly changing information technology environment, accountants' organisational roles and skill requirements are also changing. This study examines the changing dimensions of accountants' roles and functions, using a survey of 36 companies in the Kingdom of Bahrain. We surveyed accountants to seek their views on importance of 16 functions. Th...

This study examines issues relating to accountants 'professional judgment in financial accounting in Bahrain. Data were gathered through a survey of 32 companies listed on the Bahrain Stock Exchange (BSE). The study reveals that accountants use a high degree of judgment in financial accounting for which they have unstructured information and have a...

In this paper, we examine the factors that are likely to explain the use of the internet as a vehicle for voluntary financial reporting by companies in Bahrain and Kuwait. A total of 75 companies (Kuwait 42 and Bahrain 33) were investigated to find out if they had websites and presented their financial statements on the internet. For Kuwait, 47.6%...

This study examines the preparation of interim accounts and adoption of International Accounting Standard 34 (IAS 34) by companies in Bahrain. Data was gathered through questionnaires returned from 31 companies listed on the Bahrain Stock Exchange (BSE). It was found that although 87.6% of the sample did prepare interim reports, only 65.5% have ado...

Examines budget planning; implementation and performance evaluation practices by utilizing a questionnaire survey of 54 medium and large sized companies located in Bahrain. Most of the companies prepare long-range plans and operating budgets, and they follow a definite budget procedure and implementation methodology. Uses budget variances to measur...

ONCE Sir Bryan Carsberg (1996) former IASC’s Secretary General stated that “this is a sign of the times. The world is becoming a global marketplace and one can’t refuse to recognize that”. This statement has its long term implications because in today’s fast globalization of trade and investment, harmonization of financial information at national o...

This study examines the accounting practices and the degree of adoption of international accounting standards (IASs) by small and closely held companies in Bahrain. It finds that 86% (31) of the 36 companies responding to the questionnaire applied IASs and they considered IASs to be very relevant for them. All firms prepare balance sheets, and the...

This study examines the perceptions of 41 corporate chief accountants from Bahrain on the issues relating to the relative importance of international accounting topics in Bahrain. The study indicates a significant interest of the respondents in internationalizing the accounting curriculum. The topics which received importance rating of over 80% wer...

This research investigates the extent to which the disclosure requirements of International Accounting Standards (IAS-1 ) Presentation of Financial Statements are complied with or exceeded, for the 37 listed companies in Bahrain, claiming to use IASs. It also compares the compliance practices of large and medium size companies for ten disclosure it...

Since 1991, the liberalization of the Indian economy has increased the pressure for international competition and changed the information needs of Indian companies. This study examines the management accounting practices in a sample of 60 large and medium size manufacturing companies in India. The study was conducted through the use of questionnair...

This article reports the results of a study that used multiple statistical techniques to examine the relationship between budgetary slack and budgetary variables: participation, information asymmetry, budget emphasis and budget attitudes, based on a case study of a large company located in the State of Baharain. Through questionnaire responses from...

A revolution in corporate reporting is about to engulf users of financial statements. As elsewhere, companies in Bahrain have started making commercial use of Internet technology by presenting financial information to the users. This paper examines the factors determining such financial reporting on the Internet by banks in Bahrain. It also surveys...

Many studies have been conducted on the market for audit services in Anglo-Saxon countries, but, to-date, none of them have focused on the Middle Eastern countries. This paper examines the audit fee structure in Bahrain for 38 companies listed on the Bahrain Stock Exchange (BSE). By analyzing the data concerning a number of variables representing s...

Arguments prevail in Bahrain over whether to establish a body for setting local accounting standards or to continue to encourage the application of international accounting standards (IASs). This debate is driven by the opinions and attitudes of various concerned groups, including auditors, corporate accountants, and public accountants. This study...

This survey examines the environmental awareness, current disclosure practices and problems associated with environmental accounting and reporting of twenty large and medium sized companies from the industrial sector in Bahrain. A review of literature from Western and Asia-Pacific regions indicate a low level of environmental disclosure practices b...