P. Garcia-Triviño

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• Ph.D. Industrial Engineering
• associate professor. at Universidad de Cádiz

In this study, a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm is utilized within the energy management system (EMS) for battery energy storage systems (BESs) within a multilevel microgrid. This microgrid seamlessly integrates photovoltaic (PV) plants and wind turbines (WT), employing a multilevel configuration based on battery energy-stored quasi-Z-source...

The decarbonization of the mobility sector motivates to increase the penetration of battery and fuel-cell electric vehicles. The proliferation of these mobility modes will be accompanied by the massive installation of charging and refilling infrastructures into existing networks. This work focuses on fuel-cell vehicles, for which refilling points a...

A novel optimal energy management system (EMS) using a nonlinear constrained multivariable function to optimize the operation of battery energy storages (BESs) used in a hybrid power plant with wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaic (PV) power plants is proposed in this work. The hybrid power plant uses a configuration based on a battery-stored impedan...

At the present time, quasi-Z-source cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters (qZS-CHBMLI) have gained attention in photovoltaic (PV) applications, due to their advantages over traditional multilevel inverters. They allow single-stage power conversion of a PV power plant by independently adjusting the DC voltage in each module; thus, each PV array ope...

To ensure the reliability of microgrids (MGs), this paper presents a multi-fault tolerant control for a three-phase energy storage quasi-impedance multilevel-cascaded H-bridge inverter (ES-qZS-CHBMLI) with a photovoltaic (PV) power generation-based MG. In this paper, a battery energy storage system (BESS) is implemented to smooth out the PV generat...

While multi-energy microgrids (MEMGs) offer a promising approach to reduce energy consumption through coordinated integration of various energy vectors, research has primarily focused on static studies. These studies aim to optimize a particular cost function but neglect the dynamic aspects of the system operation. This paper presents a dynamic mod...

In recent years, Quasi-Z-source cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters (qZS-CHBMLIs) have become an interesting solution for integrating renewable energy into the utility grid. The possibility of performing power conversion in a single stage, without an additional DC/DC converter, and a higher voltage gain, are their main advantages over traditiona...

Most of the overhead cranes used to date are powered by diesel engine or electrical grid and voltage source inverter. The economic and environmental costs of fossil fuels, and the unsteady price of electricity, encourage exploring new applications for developing electric power technologies. In this scenario, the main objective of this paper is to a...

This paper presents a new supervisory control system (SCS) designed to maintain the power balance and obtain economic benefit by selling energy to the grid in a microgrid based on Z-source converters (ZSCs) with renewable energy, energy storage systems (ESSs), and charging station for electric vehicles (EV) connected to a medium voltage direct curr...

This study presents an optimal online control that implements a biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm on a battery energy system (BES) integrated into an energy-stored quasi-impedance source inverter (qZSI) that connects a photovoltaic (PV) power plant to the grid. The BBO algorithm was used to tune the PI regulator in the BES current con...

Z‐source inverters have attracted considerable attention in renewable energy systems like photovoltaic (PV) systems due to advantages such as buck–boost power conversion in single stage, shoot-through capability, and wide range of input voltage regulation. Transformer-Based Z-source inverters (TransZSI) based on magnetically coupled inductors and r...

The classical coupling of renewable energy sources greatly limits the coupling power and the output voltage of the coupled sources. Moreover, it does not eliminate the randomness of the sources. In this work a renewable sources coupling with high randomness is obtained by series connection of the output terminals of Z-source converters. To achieve...

International maritime transport organizations are proposing regulatory actions and strategies aimed at decarbonizing the sector to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which currently constitute around 3% of the global total. Hybrid propulsion systems have significant potential in this respect, as a means of power-saving in ships. This paper...

The installation of ultra-fast charging stations (UFCSs) is essential to push the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Given the high amount of power required by this charging technology, the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) in the design of the station represents a valuable option to decrease its imp...

Currently, the technology associated with charging stations for electric vehicles (EV) needs to be studied and improved to further encourage its implementation. This paper presents a new energy management system (EMS) based on a Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) algorithm for a hybrid EV charging station with a configuration that integrates Z-s...

The use of a battery energy-stored quasi-Z-source inverter (BES-qZSI) for large-scale PV power plants exhibits promising features due to the combination of qZSI and battery as energy storage system, such as single‐stage power conversion (without additional DC/DC boost converter), improvements in the output waveform quality (due to the elimination o...

This paper presents an energy management system (EMS) based on a novel approach using model predictive control (MPC) for the optimized operation of power sources in a hybrid charging station for electric vehicles (EVs). The hybrid charging station is composed of a photovoltaic (PV) system, a battery, a complete hydrogen system based on a fuel cell...

Typically, permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-driven wind turbines (WTs) present a two-stage power converter topology based on DC/DC boost converter and voltage source inverter. In this paper, this configuration is substituted by a quasi-Z-source inverter (qZSI), which is an attractive solution to boost and convert voltage from DC to AC...

Featured Application This work is useful for researchers interested in the study of energy management systems for hybrid electric vehicles. In addition, it is interesting for institutions related to the market of this type of vehicle. Abstract The hybridization of vehicles is a viable step toward overcoming the challenge of the reduction of emissi...

Renewable energies are reaching the maturity of their technological development, but before they are ready to become the main or even the only power sources in the energy mix, they must become profitably manageable. Currently there are many research topics regarding the integration of renewable energies in power systems, such as the combination of...

Hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) help mitigating the fluctuations and variable availability of certain renewable sources, such as wind power, as they can provide support in different time scales. Therefore, regulating their state‐of‐charge (SOC) becomes crucial to ensure that the hybrid system complies with generation commitments agreed in tim...

Inverters are critical for injecting power from renewable energy sources into the grid or grid-integrated load. This paper provides a novel improved adaptive neuro-fuzzy control of inverter for grid-coupled photovoltaic systems. The improvement is performed by the integration of Jacobi wavelet in the existing neuro-fuzzy controller. Unlike existing...

Forecasting the power production from renewable energy sources (RESs) has become fundamental in microgrid applications to optimize scheduling and dispatching of the available assets. In this article, a methodology to provide the 24 h ahead Photovoltaic (PV) power forecast based on a Physical Hybrid Artificial Neural Network (PHANN) for microgrids i...

This paper presents a new Energy Management System (EMS) designed for the optimized operation of power sources of a hybrid charging station for electric vehicles (EV) and fuel cell vehicles (FCV). It is composed of a photovoltaic (PV) system, a battery and a hydrogen system as energy storage systems (ESS), a connection to the local grid, six fast c...

This paper presents a “full green” version of a rubber tyre gantry (RTG) crane with a fuel cell (FC) unit and supercapacitors (SCs) as energy storage system (ESS), instead of using the conventional RTG powered by a diesel engine. The SCs provide the required high current peaks and power demands when accelerating the load in the hoisting-up movement...

This paper describes and evaluates a hybrid propulsion system based on diesel generator and supercapacitors (SCs) as energy storage system (ESS) for a rubber tyre gantry (RTG) container crane, which currently operates within the yard of the Algeciras port terminal (Spain) powered by diesel electric generator for supplying the electric drives and mo...

As already happens with the electric vehicles (EVs) expansion, technology associated with their charge also must be improved. This paper presents a novel decentralized control method for charging stations based on a medium-voltage direct-current (MVDC) bus. This kind of charging stations is integrated in a microgrid with a PV system, a battery ener...

Although electric vehicles (EVs) are experiencing a considerable upsurge, the technology associated with them is still under development. This study focused on the control and operation of a medium-voltage direct-current (MVDC) microgrid with an innovative decentralized control system, which was used as a fast charging station (FCS) for EVs. The FC...

This paper describes a novel energy management system for the optimized operation of the energy sources of a grid-connected hybrid renewable energy system (wind turbine and photovoltaic) with battery and hydrogen system (fuel cell and electrolyzer). A multi-objective optimization problem based on the weight aggregation approach is formulated by com...

This paper presents a novel fuzzy logic based control for the energy management of electric vehicles (EV) fast charging stations (FCS). In addition to the proposed control, this work shows the viability of a hybrid FCS composed of a renewable energy source, a battery as energy storage system (ESS) and a connection with the grid. All these component...

This paper presents an overview of the state-of-the-art of research on control strategies or energy management systems for DC networks and microgrids. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was performed, which classified the research on the topic and identified the interconnections between the different approaches described in the public...

Currently, electric vehicles (EV) are going through an important emergence, nevertheless, the technology associated to them is still under development. This paper presents a fast charging station (FCS) for EVs supplied by renewable energy with a novel decentralized control of the system. The fast CS is composed of a photovoltaic (PV) system, an ene...

This paper presents a new Energy Management System (EMS) for a microgrid based on four energy sources: a wind turbine (WT), photovoltaic (PV) solar panels, a battery, and a hydrogen system, which is composed of a fuel cell (FC) and an electrolyzer. This novel control strategy optimizes the total cost of the hybrid system (generation and reposition...

The use of distributed charging stations based on renewable energy sources for electric vehicles has increased in recent years. Combining photovoltaic solar energy and batteries as energy storage system, directly tied into a medium voltage direct current bus, and with the grid support, results to be an interesting option for improving the operation...

This paper presents an Energy Management System (EMS) for hybrid systems (HS) composed by a combination of renewable sources with the support of different storage devices (battery and hydrogen system) that allow its operation without the necessity of grid connection (i.e. a stand-alone system). The importance of the proposed EMS lies in taking int...

This paper is focused on the study of particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based PI controllers for the power control of a grid-connected inverter supplied from a hybrid renewable energy system. It is composed of two renewable energy sources (wind turbine and photovoltaic – PV – solar panels) and two energy storage systems (battery and hydrogen system...

This paper presents a novel energy dispatching based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) for off-grid photovoltaic (PV)/wind turbine/hydrogen/battery hybrid systems. The renewable energy sources supply energy to the hybrid system and the battery and hydrogen system are used as energy storage devices. The denominated “hydrogen system” is composed of f...

This paper presents two novel hourly energy supervisory controls (ESC) for improving long-term operation of off-grid hybrid systems (HS) integrating renewable energy sources (wind turbine and photovoltaic solar panels), hydrogen system (fuel cell, hydrogen tank and electrolyzer) and battery. The first ESC tries to improve the power supplied by the...

This paper presents and evaluates three energy management systems (EMSs) based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for long-term operation optimization of a grid-connected hybrid system. It is composed of wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaic (PV) panels as primary energy sources, and hydrogen system (fuel cell –FC–, electrolyzer and hydrogen storage...

This paper describes and evaluates an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)-based energy management system (EMS) of a grid-connected hybrid system. It presents a wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaic (PV) solar panels as primary energy sources, and an energy storage system (ESS) based on hydrogen (fuel cell –FC-, hydrogen tank and electrolyzer...

Fuel cell (FC) is an efficient energy conversion technology that is growing rapidly and will have a significant role to play in a number of energy end-use sectors, from small-scale applications to large-scale power plants. In this paper, two new methods for voltage harmonic compensation of a stand-alone single phase inverted-based FC are presented...

The entry into force of Royal Decree-Law 1/2012 has led to the elimination of the support schemes to promote the use of the energy from renewable energy sources existing to date in Spain, and thus, certain standstill of this sector activity. In this context, some renewable technologies, mainly photovoltaic solar, can find in self-consumption an alt...

This paper evaluates a hybrid powertrain based on fuel cell (FC), battery, and supercapacitor (SC) for the “Urbos 3” tramway, which currently operates powered by SC in the city of Zaragoza, Spain. Due to the dynamic limitations of the main energy source, a proton-exchange-membrane (PEM) FC, other energy secondary sources (ESSs), battery and SC, are...

This paper presents an energy management system (EMS) for stand-alone hybrid systems composed by photovoltaic (PV) solar panels and a wind turbine (WT) as primary energy sources and two energy storage systems, which are a hydrogen system and a battery. The hydrogen system is composed of fuel cell (FC), electrolyzer and hydrogen storage tank. The EM...

This paper presents a novel hourly energy management system (EMS) for a stand-alone hybrid renewable energy system (HRES). The HRES is composed of a wind turbine (WT) and photovoltaic (PV) solar panels as primary energy sources, and two energy storage systems (ESS), which are a hydrogen subsystem and a battery. The WT and PV panels are made to work...

This article presents a comparative study among four control strategies for the energy management of a fuel cell (FC) battery–powered hybrid system applied to a surface tramway of 400 kW, which, at present, operates as catenary-powered tramway in the center of Seville, Spain. The proposed hybrid system is composed of a polymer electrolyte membrane...

This paper focuses on describing a control strategy for a real tramway, in Zaragoza (Spain), whose current propulsion system is to be replaced by a hybrid system based on fuel cell (FC) as primary energy source and batteries and ultracapacitors (UCs) as secondary energy sources. Due to its slow dynamic response, the FC needs other energy sources su...

Problems relating to oil supply, pollution, and green house effects justify the need for developing of new technologies for transportation as a replacement for the actual technology based on internal combustion engines (ICE). Fuel cells (FCs) are seen as the best future replacement for ICE in transportation applications because they operate more ef...

This paper presents a comparative study of two new methods for voltage harmonic compensation of a stand-alone single phase inverter-based FC. The system under study is composed of: 1) Proton-Exchange-Membrane (PEM) FC including a unidirectional DC/DC converter, which converts the DC voltage delivered by the FC to the DC bus voltage; 2) single-phase...

This paper evaluates the option of using a new powertrain based on fuel cell (FC), battery and supercapacitor (SC) for the Urbos 3 tramway in Zaragoza, Spain. In the proposed powertrain configuration, a hydrogen Proton-Exchange-Membrane (PEM) FC acts as main energy source, and a Li-ion battery and a SC as energy support and storage systems. The bat...

In recent years, Fuel Cells (FC) have gained interest as energy source for stand-alone and grid connected applications, because they are very high-efficiency and multi-fuel power generators that require neither the burning of conventional fuels nor the mechanical equipment of conventional power generators. When FC are used with inverters for supply...

El presente artículo se centra en la descripción de un nuevo sistema de gestión de energía para un nuevo tranvía, en la ciudad de Zaragoza (España), propulsado mediante pila de combustible de hidrógeno, como fuente principal de energía, y batería de ión-litio y supercondensador, como fuentes secundarias y de almacenamiento de energía. En la nueva c...

This paper focuses on describing a control strategy for a real surface tramway powered by a hybrid system based on fuel cell and battery. This tramway, called Metro Centro, serves the centre of Seville, a city in Spain. Currently, it operates as catenary-powered tramway.The configuration and modeling of all principal components of the hybrid system...

This paper presents a comparative study of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell (FC) models for integration in hybrid propulsion systems, based on a commercial FC from Nuvera, which is especially manufactured for this application. An existing model is used as a reference in order to build dynamical mathematical models which describe its dynamic...

This paper presents a hybrid electric power system for a real surface tramway. The hybrid system consists of two electrical energy sources integrating a single dc/dc converter to provide the power demanded by the tramway loads (four electric traction motors and auxiliary services): (1) a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) as the prim...

This paper presents a model for a fuel cell (FC)-battery powered hybrid system for the Metro-Centro tramway (400kW) from Seville, Spain. Modeling of each component, implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment, is briefly presented. Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) FC and Ni-MH battery models are designed from commercial available components. Two c...

This paper describes the configuration, modeling, and control of a fuel cell (FC)-battery-powered hybrid system for the Metro Centro tramway in Seville, Spain. The proposed hybrid system presents a polymer electrolyte membrane FC as the primary energy source and a nickel-metal hydride cell battery as the secondary energy source, which supplements t...

Steady state and dynamic simulations are performed in order to compare the models. Considering the external response of FC system integrated in the tramway hybrid system, both reduced models show similar results with an important reduction of computation time with respect to the complete model. However, the reduced model 1 shows better results than...

: La actual problemática en el mundo relacionada con la alta dependencia del petróleo, especialmente en el sector del transporte, junto con la polución y el cambio climático hace que sea necesario el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías capaces de hacer frente a estos inconvenientes. El hidrogeno junto con las pilas de combustibles, en inglés Fuel Cell...

This paper describes a comparative study of two control schemes for the energy management system of a hybrid tramway powered by a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell (FC) and an Ni-MH battery. The hybrid system was designed for a real surface tramway of 400kW. It is composed of a PEM FC system with a unidirectional dc/dc boost converter (F...

This paper compares two control strategies of a fuel cell (FC)-battery powered hybrid system integrating two dc/dc converters for the Metro-Centro tramway (400 kW) from Seville, Spain. Besides, modeling of each component is briefly presented. These models have been implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. A Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) FC...

This paper compares two control configurations for a fuel cell (FC)-battery powered hybrid system for the Metro-Centro tramway (800 kW) from Seville, Spain. Besides, modeling of each components is briefly presented. These models have been implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) FC model used in the simulations...

This paper presents the arrangement, modeling and control of a hybrid system for a tramway. In order to supply the power consumption of the tramway (due to the auxiliary services and four traction induction motor drives), the hybrid system presents two power sources: 1) a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell (FC) as primary energy source; a...

This paper presents a fuel cell-battery powered hybrid system for transport applications, more specifically for a tramway. It uses a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) as primary energy source and a Ni-MH battery as secondary energy source, which serves as a supplement to the FC during the driving cycle. The hybrid system supplies th...