Oyvind Salvesen

• Norwegian University of Science and Technology

Pelvic MRI is essential for evaluating local and regional tumor extent in uterine cervical cancer (CC). Tumor microstructure captured by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) markers may be closely linked to prognosis in CC. Purpose To explore whether primary tumor ADC markers predict survival in CC. Material and...

Background: Pelvic lymph node dissection during standard radical cystectomy (stdRC) for muscle invasive bladder cancer is performed as separate templates. In the modernized en bloc radical cystectomy (mEbRC), the bladder is removed together with all its associated lymphatic tissue as one specimen. Our aim was to evaluate the oncological and surgica...

Background Effective diagnostic tools for prompt identification of high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients are needed to facilitate early, individualized treatment. The aim of this work was to assess temporal changes in tumor radiomics (delta radiomics) from T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in...

Purpose: Cardiac rehabilitation participation rates are low despite strong recommendations, and many chronic heart failure patients remain physically inactive. Rural living, long travel distance, costs, age, and frailty might be factors explaining this. To increase cardiac rehabilitation uptake, we designed an exercise-based randomized controlled t...

Background and purpose: Progression-free survival (PFS) remains to be validated as an outcome measure for diffuse WHO grade 2 gliomas, and knowledge about the relationships between PFS, post-progression survival (PPS), and overall survival (OS) in this subset of tumors is limited. We sought to assess correlations between PFS and OS, and identify fa...

Comparing time series of unequal length requires data processing procedures that may introduce biases. This article describes, validates, and applies Cross-Recurrence Quantification Analysis (CRQA) to detect and quantify correlation and coupling among time series of unequal length without prior data processing. We illustrate and validate this appli...

Background Mental health settings are increasingly using co-facilitation of educational group interventions in collaboration with patient partners and service users. However, despite promising results, limited information is available regarding the feasibility and satisfaction levels of these programmes among adults newly diagnosed with attention-d...

Background Academic detailing (AD) is a one-on-one educational outreach with the goal to improve prescribing. There is insufficient evidence on the difference in impact between AD and group visits to facilitate behavior change among general practitioners (GPs). Objective To compare the impact of individual AD visits and group visits conveying the...

Study Design An observational registry-based study. Objective We investigated the long-term patterns of sick leave among patients undergoing surgery for lumbar disk herniation using two nationwide databases to study the achievement of post-surgery return to work (RTW). Summary of Background Data The ability to RTW is increasingly recognized as an...

Background An accessible tool is required to analyze volume flow trends in arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis. Earlybird, an easy-to-place ultrasound Doppler device, has shown comparable accuracy to duplex ultrasound. In this study, we compared volume flow measurements obtained with duplex ultrasound and the dilution technique to an enhanced e...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Functional status, pain, and quality of life usually improve after surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), but a subset of patients report worsening. The objective was to define cutoff values for worsening on the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and identify prognostic factors associated with worsening of pain-relat...

Background Accurate pretherapeutic prognostication is important for tailoring treatment in cervical cancer (CC). Purpose To investigate whether pretreatment MRI‐based radiomic signatures predict disease‐specific survival (DSS) in CC. Study Type Retrospective. Population CC patients ( n = 133) allocated into training (T) ( n T = 89)/validation (V...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a frequent cause of spinal cord dysfunction, and surgical treatment is considered safe and effective. Long-term results after surgery are limited. This study investigated long-term clinical outcomes through data from the Norwegian registry for spine surgery. METHODS Patients opera...

Background Controversy exists regarding surveillance of arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis to increase patency. A significant reduction in volume flow rate (VFR) should lead to diagnostic evaluation and eventually intervention. Several methods are available for VFR measurements, but all of them are associated with low reproducibility. VFR tren...

Background: Given the scarcity of evidence concerning the long-term sexual health of breast cancer (BC) survivors (BC-Pop), we aimed to assess how BC treatments affect short- and long-term sexual functioning, sexual enjoyment, and body image, and compare with aged-matched women in the Norwegian general population (F-GenPop). Material and methods:...

Objective: The prognostic role of adiposity in uterine cervical cancer (CC) is largely unknown. Abdominal fat distribution may better reflect obesity than body mass index. This study aims to describe computed tomography (CT)-assessed abdominal fat distribution in relation to clinicopathologic characteristics, survival, and tumor gene expression in...

Objective: To investigate the effect of an academic detailing intervention on the utilisation of type 2 diabetes medication among general practitioners. Design: We developed an academic detailing campaign based on the revised national treatment guideline for diabetes and the best available evidence. General practitioners were offered a 20-minute...

Purpose Adherence to antihormonal treatment is known to be suboptimal. The beneficial effects of antihormonal treatment are well documented. We investigate how poor adherence affects survival. Methods This single-centre retrospective cohort study included 1176 patients diagnosed with breast cancer from 2004-2013. These patients were all prescribed...

This follow-up study examines back pain–related disability at 6 months following a randomized trial of spinal cord burst stimulation for chronic radicular pain after lumbar spine surgery.

Aims: Despite strong recommendations, outpatient cardiac rehabilitation is underused in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. Possible barriers are frailty, accessibility, and rural living, which may be overcome by telerehabilitation. We designed a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the feasibility of a 3-month real-time, home-based telereha...

Study design: Prospective pharmacoepidemiologic study. Objective: To investigate clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with persistent opioid use in the years following spine surgery among patients with persistent opioid use preceding lumbar spine surgery. Summary of background data: It is unknown whether successful spine surgery le...

Aims To evaluate the association between self-reported alcohol consumption and phosphatidylethanol (PEth) concentrations in blood in a large general population study, and discuss optimal cut-off PEth concentrations for defined levels of alcohol consumption. Methods Population based, longitudinal cohort study including 24,574 adults from The Trønde...

Importance: Disulfiram has demonstrated broad antitumoral effect in several preclinical studies. One of the proposed indications is for the treatment of glioblastoma. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of disulfiram and copper as add-on to alkylating chemotherapy in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Design, setting, and particip...

Background Few studies of high quality exist on return to work (RTW) rate after surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). This study aims to examine the RTW rate in patients undergoing surgery for DCM. Methods Nationwide prospectively collected data were obtained from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery and the Norwegian Labour and...

OBJECTIVE Indications for surgical treatment of hydrocephalus (HC) can vary across centers. The authors sought to investigate the frequencies of surgically treated HC disorders and to study variations in the practice of shunt surgery in Norway, a country with universal and free healthcare. METHODS This is a nationwide registry–based study using da...

Aims: The number of patients undergoing surgery for degenerative cervical radiculopathy has increased. In many countries, public hospitals have limited capacity. This has resulted in long waiting times for elective treatment and a need for supplementary private healthcare. It is uncertain whether the management of patients and the outcome of treat...

Background Accurate surveillance of population access to essential surgery is key for strategic healthcare planning. This study aimed to estimate population access to surgical facilities meeting standards for safe surgery equipment, specialized surgical personnel, and bellwether capability, cesarean delivery, emergency laparotomy, and long-bone fra...

Objectives To explore the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived tumor measurements for the prediction of histopathological deep (≥ 50%) myometrial invasion (pDMI) and prognostication in endometrial cancer (EC). Methods Preoperative pelvic MRI of 357 included patients with histologically confirmed EC were read...

Purpose: The primary aim was to evaluate changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a real-life population among younger (< 70 years) and older patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) the first year of palliative chemotherapy. The secondary aims were to assess the impact of chemo-break on HRQoL and to report overall survival (OS...

Importance: Identification of proteins and genetic factors that reduce Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology is of importance when searching for novel AD treatments. Heterozygosity of the KL-VS haplotype has been associated with reduced amyloid and tau burden. Whether this association is mediated by the Klotho protein remains unclear. Objectives: To...

Introduction/Background The updated FIGO (2018) staging system incorporates diagnostic imaging and pathology results into stage assignment in cervical cancer (CC). This study aims to evaluate the extent and source of stage migration when exchanging FIGO (2009) with FIGO (2018) in a large CC cohort and compare the prognostic performance of FIGO (200...

Introduction/Background The aim of this study was to explore abdominal fat distribution markers from computed tomography (CT) in relation to clinicopathologic characteristics and patient outcome in uterine cervical cancer (CC). By unravelling possible links between fat distribution profiles and altered tumour signalling pathways, potential molecula...

Importance: The use of spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain after lumbar spine surgery is increasing, yet rigorous evidence of its efficacy is lacking. Objective: To investigate the efficacy of spinal cord burst stimulation, which involves the placement of an implantable pulse generator connected to electrodes with leads that travel into the...

Purpose To compare patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) following surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or ankylosing spondylitis (AS) versus those without rheumatic diseases. Methods Data were obtained from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery. The primary outcome was change in the Neck...

Study Design. Prospective pharmacoepidemiologic study. Objective. To investigate clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with persistent opioid use in the years following spine surgery among patients with persistent opioid use preceding lumbar spine surgery. Summary of Background Data. It is unknown whether successful spine surgery le...

Study design: Observational multicenter study. Summary of background data: Return to work (RTW) is increasingly used to assess the standard, benefit, and quality of health care. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate sick leave patterns among patients undergoing surgery for cervical radiculopathy and identify predictors of successful...

Objectives: To reduce recurrence after radical cystectomy (RC), we developed a technique based on the principles of the circumferential resection margin used during total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer, namely, en bloc radical cystectomy (EbRC). Patients and methods: The study included all patients in Mid-Norway (population of 739 k) with...

Background : Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease and characterized by immunological changes. Oligoclonal bands of IgG in CSF not seen in corresponding serum have been used for many years as part of the diagnostic criteria. However, considerably less is known about the role of IgM, despite several studies showing marked...

Purpose Risk of cancer has been associated with body or organ size in several studies. We sought to investigate the relationship between intracranial volume (ICV) (as a proxy for lifetime maximum brain size) and risk of IDH -mutant low-grade glioma. Methods In a multicenter case–control study based on population-based data, we included 154 patient...

Purpose The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric validity of the Modular Assessment of Risk for Imminent Suicide (MARIS) questionnaire in relation to recent suicidal ideation and behavior among a sample of patients admitted to an acute psychiatric inpatient department in Norway. Methods The MARIS was completed within the fi...

Objectives: To characterise all bloodstream infections (BSIs) in a low antimicrobial resistance (AMR) prevalence setting with regard to the appropriateness of empirical antimicrobial therapy, compliance with the national clinical practice guideline, de-escalation practice and outcome. Methods: A retrospective observational study including patien...

Background Little is known about the extent to which glioma patients experience subjective changes in cognitive function following surgery. We sought to assess patient-reported cognitive function before and after glioma surgery and explore potential factors associated with cognitive change. Methods In a prospective population-based study, patient-...

Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether clinical outcomes in patients aged ≥ 70 undergoing decompressive surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) differ from those of younger patients (50–70 years) at 1 year. Methods Data were obtained from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery (NORspine). Among 651 patients includ...

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate whether a 5-year exercise intervention and change in peak oxygen uptake ( $$V{\text{O}}_{{2{\text{peak}}}}$$ V O 2 peak ) is associated with cognitive function in older adults. Methods Nine hundred and forty-five participants (48% women, mean age at study end 78.2 ± 2.02 years) from the Gene...

Objective: This study presents the diagnostic performance of four different preoperative imaging workups (IWs) for prediction of lymph node metastases (LNMs) in endometrial cancer (EC): pelvic MRI alone (IW1), MRI and [18F]FDG-PET/CT in all patients (IW2), MRI with selective [18F]FDG-PET/CT if high-risk preoperative histology (IW3), and MRI with s...

Background Tumor size assessment by MRI is central for staging uterine cervical cancer. However, the optimal role of MRI-derived tumor measurements for prognostication is still unclear. Material and methods This retrospective cohort study included 416 women (median age: 43 years) diagnosed with cervical cancer during 2002–2017 who underwent pretre...

Objective To examine outcomes and complications following microdiscectomy for recurrent lumbar disc herniation. Methods Prospectively collected data for patients operated at the Department of Neurosurgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Norway, were obtained from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery from May 2007 through July 2016. All patient...

Aims To investigate the short-term effect of implementing a modified comprehensive geriatric assessment and regularly case conferencing in nursing homes on neuropsychiatric symptoms. Background Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common and may persist over time in nursing home residents. Evidence of effective interventions is scarce. Design A parallel...

Background A novel deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithm for CT has recently been clinically approved. Purpose To assess low-contrast detectability and dose reduction potential for CT images reconstructed with the DLIR algorithm and compare with filtered back projection (FBP) and hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR). Material and me...

Objectives To evaluate the interobserver agreement for MRI–based 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging parameters in patients with cervical cancer and assess the prognostic value of these MRI parameters in relation to other clinicopathological markers. Methods This retrospective study included 416 women with his...

Purpose Cognitive function is frequently assessed with objective neuropsychological tests, but patient-reported cognitive function is less explored. We aimed to investigate the preoperative prevalence of patient-reported cognitive impairment in patients with diffuse glioma compared to a matched reference group and explore associated factors. Metho...

Background Cluster headache (CH) is one of the most painful conditions in humans and there is limited epidemiological data on this debilitating condition. Objectives To describe the epidemiology of CH in Norway Methods We conducted a nationwide study to investigate the prevalence, incidence, and comorbidity of CH in Norway between January 1 2008...

Objective Sentinel Lymph Node (SLN) mapping is increasingly used as an alternative to lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer. There is, however, limited data regarding the clinical outcome and survival after SLN mapping. The aim of the study was to determine long-term outcome data in endometrial cancer patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic...

Purpose: Exercise training is recommended to improve cardiometabolic health and fertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet there are few randomized controlled trials on the effects of different exercise protocols on clinical reproductive outcomes. Our aim was to determine the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIT) on m...

Women with obesity have increased risk for hyperglycemia during pregnancy, with negative health consequences for mother and child. We aimed to investigate adherence to nutritional recommendations in early pregnancy and to examine associations between early pregnancy dietary intake and late pregnancy glycemia among women with obesity. We included 12...

Background Any health care system that strives to deliver good health and well-being to its population relies on a trained workforce. The aim of this study was to enumerate surgical provider density, describe operative productivity and assess the association between key surgical system characteristics and surgical provider productivity in Liberia....

Study design: Prospective pharmacoepidemiological study. Objective: To investigate the use of prescription opioids two years following degenerative lumbar spine surgery. Summary of background data: There are limited data providing details to evaluate patterns of opioid use. The number of patients is often limited and data on opioid use followi...

Background Surgical logbooks are a commonly used tool for quality assurance of surgical training. Electronic logbooks are increasingly applied in low-resource settings, but there is limited research on their quality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of an app-based surgical e-logbook system shortly after its implementation in a low-...

Meningiomas have high recurrence rates despite frequently benign histopathological appearances. Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) may be reliable biomarkers that could identify patients with increased risk of recurrence. Even though SSTRs are previously detected in meningiomas, their associations to clinicopathological features remain unclear. The aim...

Background: Radiation pneumonitis (RP) and radiation fibrosis (RF) are common side effects after breast cancer (BC) radiotherapy (RT). However, there is a great variation in the frequency of RP and RF. This study presents the occurrence of- and the treatment-related predictors for RP and RF. Further, physician- and patient-reported pulmonary sympt...

Introduction/Background* The aim was to provide long-term outcome data in endometrial cancer patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery and sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping. Methodology Retrospective cohort study of 108 patients with primary endometrial cancer who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery and sentinel lymph node...

Objective Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder, with potential effects on offspring both genetically and through altered intrauterine environment. Metformin, which ameliorate hormonal disturbances in non-pregnant women with PCOS is increasingly used in pregnancy. It passes the placenta, and the evidence on potential conse...

Background Early extensive surgery is a cornerstone in treatment of diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGGs), and an additional survival benefit has been demonstrated from early radiochemotherapy in selected “high-risk” patients. Still, there are a number of controversies related to DLGG management. The objective of this multicenter population-based cohor...

Objective To develop a prognostic model for failure and worsening 1 year after surgery for lumbar disc herniation. Methods This multicenter cohort study included 11,081 patients operated with lumbar microdiscectomy, registered at the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery. Follow-up was 1 year. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses were...

Background In patients with vestibular schwannomas (VS), tumor control is often achieved, and life expectancy is relatively good. The main risks of surgical treatment are hearing loss and facial nerve function. The occurrence of mood and sleeping disorders in relation to surgery is an important aspect of health that has rarely been studied. Similar...

Background: Indications and optimal timing for surgical treatment of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) remain unclear, and data from daily clinical practice are warranted. Objective: To investigate clinical outcomes following decompressive surgery for DCM. Methods: Data were obtained from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery. The prim...

Background Glioblastomas (GBMs) are known for having a vastly heterogenous histopathology. Several studies have shown that GBMs can be histologically undergraded due to sampling errors of small tissue samples. We sought to explore to what extent histological features in GBMs are dependent on the amount of viable tissue on routine slides from both b...

Purpose Previous studies on the effect of tumor location on overall survival in glioblastoma have found conflicting results. Based on statistical maps, we sought to explore the effect of tumor location on overall survival in a population-based cohort of patients with glioblastoma and IDH wild-type astrocytoma WHO grade II–III with radiological necr...

Objective: Investigate variability related to image acquisition and reading process for echocardiographic measures of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, and its influence on classification of LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD). Methods: Forty participants (19 women) mean age 62 (28-88) years underwent echocardiographic examinations twice by...

Background Meningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor and surgery is the main treatment modality. As death from lack of tumor control is rare, other outcome measures like anxiety, depression and post‐operative epilepsy are becoming increasingly relevant. In this nationwide registry‐based study we aimed to describe the use of antiepile...

Background Low-grade glioma (LGG) is a relatively rare type of brain tumour. The use of antidepressant, sedative and anti-epileptic drugs can reflect the burden of the disease. While epilepsy is well-described in patients with LGG, less is known about depression and anxiety. Methods We used nationwide registers to study the use (dispense) of antid...

Study design: Observational multicenter study. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in pain during sexual activity after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Summary of background data: There are limited data available on sexual function in patients undergoing surgery for LSS. Methods: Data were retrieved from the No...

Introduction and hypothesis Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) improves urinary incontinence and mild pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We aimed to investigate the effect of preoperative PFMT on urinary and colorectal-anal distress and related quality of life (QoL) in women with severe POP scheduled for surgery. Methods Randomized controlled trial of...

Objective Improved preoperative evaluation of lymph node status could potentially replace lymphadenectomy in women with endometrial cancer. PET/CT was routinely implemented in the preoperative workup of endometrial cancer at St Olav’s University Hospital in 2016. Experience with PET/CT is limited, and there is no consensus about the use of PET/CT i...

Background Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) affects daily life function and is the most prevalent disorder in primary health care. The primary objective was to examine demographic factors and pain characteristics associated with reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients in primary care reporting CMP. Our secondary objective wa...

Preoperative MR imaging in endometrial cancer patients provides valuable information on local tumor extent, which routinely guides choice of surgical procedure and adjuvant therapy. Furthermore, whole-volume tumor analyses of MR images may provide radiomic tumor signatures potentially relevant for better individualization and optimization of treatm...

Study design: Observational multicenter study. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in pain during sexual activity after surgery for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Summary of background data: There are limited data available on sexual function in patients undergoing surgery for LDH. Methods: Data were retrieved from the No...

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the detection rate of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) and incidence of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in relation to the rapidly changing smoking rates in Norway between 2008 and 2015.Methods The registry-based study included all patients (≥ 16 years old) admitted to a hospital...