Oshrat Hochman

• PhD
• Team Leader at GESIS - Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences

This study investigates researcher variability in computational reproduction, an activity for which it is least expected. Eighty-five independent teams attempted numerical replication of results from an original study of policy preferences and immigration. Reproduction teams were randomly grouped into a ‘transparent group’ receiving original study...

This chapter investigates levels of anti-immigrant attitudes in Germany between 1980 and 2016 (in East Germany between 1994 and 2016) and possible factors shaping them, both at the individual and the contextual level. In our analyses, we use ALLBUS (German General Social Survey) Data from 1980 to 2016. We first check whether the measures composing...

This paper examines discriminatory attitudes of Israeli Jews towards non-Jewish immigrants admitted into Israel under the Law of Return. We looked at three spheres of discrimination: admission, political rights, and welfare rights and focused on the role of realistic socioeconomic and symbolic threats in the emergence of discriminatory attitudes. W...

This study explores how researchers' analytical choices affect the reliability of scientific findings. Most discussions of reliability problems in science focus on systematic biases. We broaden the lens to emphasize the idiosyncrasy of conscious and unconscious decisions that researchers make during data analysis. We coordinated 161 researchers in...

While debt is not problematic per se, it can become an additional burden when people experience negative life events–like unemployment, a severe disease, divorce, or their partner’s death–which can be detrimental for individuals’ subjective wellbeing. We investigate first, a potential moderating effect of economic resources or, better yet, lack the...

The paper reports findings from a crowdsourced replication. Eighty-four replicator teams attempted to verify results reported in an original study by running the same models with the same data. The replication involved an experimental condition. A “transparent” group received the original study and code, and an “opaque” group received the same unde...

This paper reports findings from a crowdsourced replication. Eighty-five independent teams attempted a computational replication of results reported in an original study of policy preferences and immigration by fitting the same statistical models to the same data. The replication involved an experimental condition. Random assignment put participati...

Findings from 162 researchers in 73 teams testing the same hypothesis with the same data reveal a universe of unique analytical possibilities leading to a broad range of results and conclusions. Surprisingly, the outcome variance mostly cannot be explained by variations in researchers’ modeling decisions or prior beliefs. Each of the 1,261 test mod...

This study explores how researchers’ analytical choices affect the reliability of scientific findings. Most discussions of reliability problems in science focus on systematic biases. We broaden the lens to include conscious and unconscious decisions that researchers make during data analysis and that may lead to diverging results. We coordinated 16...

We investigate whether the attitudes of the Israeli majority towards migrants reflect the double standard embedded in Israel’s immigration regime, differentiating Jewish from non-Jewish migrants. We compare attitudes towards ethnic migrants (Jews), non-ethnic migrants (non-Jews), and asylum seekers, considering three explanations: values, collectiv...

Dieser Band versammelt verschiedene Untersuchungen zu Einstellungen zu Migranten und zu nationalistischem Wahlverhalten, die alle auf repräsentativen Bevölkerungsumfragen beruhen. Insgesamt verdeutlicht die Gesamtschau der in diesem Band versammelten Beiträge die Bedeutsamkeit von (positiven) Kontakten zwischen der deutschen Aufnahmegesellschaft u...

Our paper addresses the relationship between parental wealth and children’s post-secondary transitions. More specifically, we contrast the likelihood of children with an upper secondary degree to make a transition into further education or the labor market with their likelihood to stay inactive, i.e., to engage neither in further education nor in l...

Diese Broschüre dient der Gesamtschau einiger zentraler politischer, gesellschaftlicher und normativer Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen der Bürger*innen in Deutschland und Europa und beleuchtet deren Entwicklung seit Beginn des European Social Surveys (ESS) im Jahr 2002. Der Fokus liegt auf drei grundlegenden Teilbereichen der Gesellschaft: Wirts...

Our article investigates political engagement among youth with and without an immigration background. Tapping to current debates on intergenerational assimilation processes in Europe, we look at differences in levels of political interest between immigrants, children of immigrants and natives. In particular, we argue that such differences are a fun...

This chapter is motivated by the mixed findings regarding the moderating effect of economic resources on the negative relationship between negative life events and subjective well-being (SWB). Focusing on a so far neglected dimension of economic resources, namely debts – measured as negative net worth and referred to as overindebtedness – we try to...

Our paper addresses the process of intergenerational mobility in terms oftransfers of educational advantages and disadvantages trough parentalwealth in Germany, where in contrast to the USA, education at any level islargely free of tuitions costs. Based on the unique features of wealth andfollowing the logic of subjective expected utility theory, w...

In an era of mass migration, social scientists, populist parties and social movements raise concerns over the future of immigration-destination societies. What impacts does this have on policy and social solidarity? Comparative cross-national research, relying mostly on secondary data, has findings in different directions. There is a threat of sele...

Die Allgemeine Bevölkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften (ALLBUS) ist seit 1980 eine zentrale Datenquelle für die Untersuchung des gesellschaftlichen Wandels in Deutschland. Durch die regelmäßige Wiederholung thematischer Schwerpunktmodule können Veränderungen in den Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen der deutschen Bevölkerung abgebildet und erk...

Die Allgemeine Bevölkerungsumfrage Sozialwissenschaften (ALLBUS) gehört zu den wichtigsten Datenquellen, um den sozialen Wandel in der Bundesrepublik seit 1980 zu untersuchen. Die Beiträge zum Band untersuchen verschiedene Themen anhand der reichen Datenquellen aus dem ALLBUS und reihen sich in die Tradition dieser Sozialforschung ein. Sie können d...

Our paper addresses the process of intergenerational mobility regarding transfers of educational advantages and disadvantages trough parental wealth in Germany, where in contrast to the USA, education at any level is free of tuitions costs. Based on the unique features of wealth and following the logic of subjective expected utility theory, we prop...

Immigrants’ integration is a multi-faceted process, involving structural, cultural, social, and emotional dimensions. This study focuses on the emotional dimension of integration, investigating immigrants’ emotional attachments to their national origin and their host country. Specifically, we ask what role perceived discrimination plays in shaping...

This study investigates emerging public attitudes about the implementation of humanitarian policy measures towards asylum seekers among the Jewish population in Israel. It specifically asks whether the way asylum seekers in Israel are framed informs the process of attitude formation in the Jewish Israeli public. To answer this question, we measure...

The aim of this study is to explore the way German-Jews negotiate their German and Jewish cultural self-identifications. Given that Jewish and German identities represent both ethnic and national identities, we conceptualize their construction and reconstruction referring to theories of national identity. To describe the outcomes of the negotiation...

This study asks whether framing asylum seekers in Israel as “infiltrators” posing threats to the country amplifies exclusion toward them. The term “infiltrators” associates asylum seekers with the anti-infiltration law passed in the 1950s to fight terrorists and dissociates asylum seekers from their unique position as holders of special rights. The...

This study focuses on the role of humanitarian convictions in shaping exclusionist attitudes towards asylum seekers in Israel. It provides first empirical evidence regarding public views on asylum seekers, the most recent non-Jewish migrant group to this country. Data for this study is based on a survey conducted during the spring of 2013 among a r...

In January 2012, the Israeli parliament passed an amendment to the infiltration prevention law, originally passed in the 1950s as part of Israel's defense policy against security threats. The new amendment expanded the infiltration prevention law to treat any person who did not enter the country through border terminals as an 'infiltrator' entering...

This article discusses and empirically tests the relations between German language proficiency and national identification with Germany among first-generation immigrants in Germany. It presents three theoretical arguments: (i) language proficiency positively affects national identification; (ii) contrastingly, national identification positively inf...

This paper provides new insights into the association between economic standing and subjective well-being (SWB) among aging individuals in three industrialized countries: Germany, Israel, and Sweden. Specifically, we compare the effects of wealth, in line with the growing consensus that wealth is an important determinant of economic standing alongs...

Various family characteristics are acknowledged as important determinants of retirement preferences. Yet, the relevance of the third family generation – the grandchildren – has been largely overlooked. In this article we bring the association between grandparenthood and retirement preferences to the fore. We expect to find such a relationship for t...

The present paper describes attitudes of Israeli Arabs toward the presence of two groups of noncitizen workers in the Israeli labor market: Palestinians and overseas foreign workers. Specifically, we analyze perceptions of socioeconomic threat derived from the presence of these two groups and feelings of social distance toward them. These two measu...

This study adds another piece to the puzzle of naturalisation among individuals with an immigrant background by further developing the application of social identity. I suggest that two important determinants of an intention to naturalise are identification with one's country of origin, and discrimination. The effects of these and other predictors...

This paper provides a specific example of how mixed-methods can be used as a useful research design in the study of ethnic exclusionism. Specifically, we investigate the ways in which conceptions of national identity and nationalism and perceptions of socio-economic threat explain exclusionary attitudes of the majority group (Jews) towards labor mi...

In this article we test the effects of national attachments (patriotism and chauvinism) and perception of threat on citizens' willingness to concede citizenship rights to immigrants in France, Germany (West and East), the USA and Israel. Our findings show that despite marked differences in countries' migration policies and conceptions of nationhood...