Oscar Humberto Marín Gómez

University of Quindio · Biology Program

The rapid sprawl of urban settings often comprises a drastic landscape transformation due to the replacement of natural vegetation by impervious surfaces. However, cities can serve as critical refuges for some native fauna, particularly for pollinators. Here we used citizen data to contrast the structure of hummingbird-plant meta-networks across di...

Research on resource partitioning in plant–pollinator mutualistic systems is mainly concentrated at the levels of species and communities, whereas differences between males and females are typically ignored. Nevertheless, pollinators often show large sexual differences in behaviour and morphology, which may lead to sex‐specific patterns of resource...

Anthropogenic noise and artificial light at night (ALAN) can disrupt the morning singing routines of urban birds, however, its influence on tropical species remains poorly explored. Here, I assessed the association between light and noise pollution with the dawn chorus onset of the Saffron Finch (Sicalis flaveola) in a city in Colombia. I studied 3...

To tackle urban heterogeneity and complexity, several indices have been proposed, commonly aiming to provide information for decision-makers. In this study, we propose a novel and customizable procedure for quantifying urban ecosystem integrity. Based on a citywide approach, we developed an easy-to-use index that contrasts physical and biological v...

Urbanization drives changes in acoustic communication systems in some animal species. Noise and light pollution are among the main urban factors known to disrupt the timing and structure of avian singing behaviour. Despite our understanding of the ways in which urbanization can drive variations in avian acoustic communication, our ability to genera...

Resumen La bioacústica, o el estudio de los sonidos que producen los animales, es una herramienta que ha sido ampliamente usada en el estudio de las aves, con un incremento en el número de estudios que la aplican en las últimas décadas por su carácter poco invasivo y de relativo bajo costo. Aquí presentamos una revisión sistemática de las investiga...

Birds in mixed-species flocks benefit from greater foraging efficiency and reduced predation, but also face costs related to competition and activity matching. Because this cost–benefit trade-off is context-dependent (e.g. abiotic conditions and habitat quality), the structure of flocks is expected to vary along elevational, latitudinal and disturb...

Las características del hábitat pueden influenciar el éxito reproductivo y la dinámica poblacional de las aves. La urbanización puede afectar positiva o negativamente la tasa de depredación de nidos, para lo cual se han propuesto dos hipótesis: la relajación de depredadores (baja tasa de depredación) y la proliferación de depredadores (alta tasa de...

Los puntos de conteo y los transectos lineales son dos de los métodos ampliamente utilizados para evaluar la densidad poblacional de aves. Sin embargo, pocos estudios han evaluado el efecto de la implementación de ambos métodos en la estimación de densidad poblacional. En este estudio comparamos la densidad poblacional obtenida mediante métodos de...

Artificial fruits have been used in different ecological experiments to test how color and sugar concentration affect attribute selection by birds. In this study we evaluated the effect of variation in the concentration of sugars (glucose and fructose) on the use of fruits by frugivorous birds. For this purpose, we mimicked the fruits of 6 trees of...

A major barrier to advancing ornithology is the systemic exclusion of professionals from the Global South. A recent special feature, Advances in Neotropical Ornithology, and a shortfalls analysis therein, unintentionally followed a long-standing pattern of highlighting individuals, knowledge, and views from the Global North, while largely omitting...

A major barrier to advancing ornithology is the systemic exclusion of professionals from the Global South. A recent special dossier, Advances in Neotropical Ornithology, and a shortfalls analysis therein, unintentionally followed a long-standing pattern of highlighting individuals, knowledge, and views from the Global North, while largely omitting...

Distance sampling and repeated counts are important tools to estimate the population density of birds. In this study we use a model-based approach to assess the population density of a threatened bird, the Multicolored Tanager (Chlorochrysa nitidissima). We used fixed point counts for four months to sample the Multicolored Tanager using visual and...

INVENTORY, ADDITIONS, AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE BIRDS OF San Jose DEL GUAVIARE, GUAVIARE, COLOMBIA. Knowledge about the diversity and distribution patterns of Neotropical birds has increased in the last decades, but information gaps for many regions still remain. San José del Guaviare is located between the transition of the Orinoco and Ama...

Functional traits can determine pairwise species interactions, such as those between plants and pollinators. However, the effects of biogeography and evolutionary history on trait‐matching and trait‐mediated resource specialization remain poorly understood. We compiled a database of 93 mutualistic hummingbird–plant networks (including 181 hummingbi...

A participatory monitoring programme of an exceptional modification of urban soundscapes during Covid-19 containment.

Background Among urban stimuli, anthropogenic noise has been identified to be one of the behavioral drivers of species that rely on acoustic signals for communication. Studies have shown both species-specific and assemblage responses to urban noise, ranging from the modulation of their acoustic frequencies and spatiotemporal adjustments to declines...

Behavioral plasticity can drive feeding innovations, a frequent trait of urban exploiter species. The House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) is a widespread and abundant urban dweller whose success has often been related to its dietary breadth. Although both formal and informal sources (e.g., internet videos, news, and blogs) have shown meat scavenging...

Background: Cities differ from non-urban environments by the intensity, scale, and extent of anthropogenic pressures, which can drive the occurrence, physiology, and behavior of the organisms thriving in these settings. Traits as green cover often predict the occurrence patterns of bird species in urban areas. Yet, anthropogenic noise and artificia...

Interactions between species are influenced by different ecological mechanisms, such as morphological matching, phenological overlap and species abundances. How these mechanisms explain interaction frequencies across environmental gradients remains poorly understood. Consequently, we also know little about the mechanisms that drive the geographical...

Amaurolimnas concolor es un rálido raro y poco conocido en Colombia con muy pocos registros en el occidente de los Andes. Sin embargo, la revisión de especímenes de museo y registros históricos en el país evidenció la presencia de A. concolor en el oriente de los Andes por especímenes coleccionados entre 1912 y 1969. Además, presentamos dos nuevos...

Living in the city represents a great challenge for organisms that are exposed to the novel environmental conditions inherent to urbanization. Recent studies have highlighted the ecological impact that urbanization poses on the acoustic phenotype and singing routines of birds. However, the organization and structure of avian dawn choruses in urban...

Los paisajes sonoros son el componente acústico que existe en los diferentes tipos de ecosistemas alrededor del mundo, tanto terrestres como acuáticos, desde selvas hasta áreas fuertemente intervenidas por el ser humano, como lo son las ciudades. En un sentido amplio, la agrupación de todos los sonidos que escuchamos en nuestra vida cotidiana confo...

https://fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/rapid-color-guides-pdfs/1155_colombia_gesneriaceae_of_san_cipriano_reserve.pdf

Urbanisation poses important challenges for animal communication. Avian dawn choruses are a prominent component of urban soundscapes and have received attention in recent urban ecology studies. Current evidence based on comparisons of urban and non-urban sites suggest that urbanisation is associated with earlier dawn chorus singing activity. Howeve...

Abundant pollinators are often more generalised than rare pollinators. This could be because abundant species have more chance encounters with potential interaction partners. On the other hand, generalised species could have a competitive advantage over specialists, leading to higher abundance. Determining the direction of the abundance–generalisat...

Abundant pollinators are often more generalised than rare pollinators. This could be because abundance drives generalisation: neutral effects suggest that more abundant species will be more generalised simply because they have more chance encounters with potential interaction partners. On the other hand, generalisation could drive abundance, as gen...

Multinomial-Poisson mixture models reveal unexpected higher density estimates of an Andean threatened bird .Distance sampling and repeated counts are important tools to estimate population density of birds with low detectability. Here we use model based approach to assess the population density of a threatened bird, the Multicolored Tanager ( Chlor...

A new species of the recently revised genus Parosus is described, P. amayae López-García & Marín-Gómez sp. nov., from adult and larval specimens collected in bracts of Columnea medicinalis in the Natural Reserve Río Ñambí (Southwestern Colombia). Observations on the interaction with the plant, subsocial behavior, and population density are presente...

Urbanization is a major threat to biodiversity. Nevertheless, an important number of species has been recorded to live, and even thrive, within urban centers. Bird diversity has often been studied among greenspace networks, where most urban biodiversity is sheltered. Although a few studies have directly addressed urban bird conservation, they have...

The Spectacled Owl is a large Neotropical nocturnal raptor that requires continuous forest areas for reproduction. The species mainly inhabits lowland moist forests, dense tropical rainforests, and gallery forest. Herein, the presence of The Spectacled Owl is reported for the first time in urban areas including some observations about its reproduct...

El azulejo común (Thraupis episcopus) y el azulejo palmero (Thraupis palmarum) son dos especies de amplia distribución, relacionadas filogenéticamente y que coexisten en diferentes hábitat a lo largo de su distribución. En esta nota describimos y comparamos las estrategias de forrajeo de ambas especies en el campus de la Universidad del Quindío, un...

Floral characteristics, nectar production and floral visitors were studied in three individuals of Inga marginata in a Colombian coffee agroecosystem. In October 2011, ten inflorescence buds per plant were marked and observed every two hours until the flowers senesced. Nectar standing crop was measured and focal observations of flower visiting inse...

Speciation by hybridization has long been recognized among plants and includes both homoploid and allopolyploid speciation. The numbers of presumed hybrid species averages close to 11% and tends to be concentrated in a subset of angiosperm families. Recent advances in molecular methods have verified species of hybrid origin that had been presumed o...

The Turquoise Dacnis (Dacnis hartlaubi) and the Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea) are categorized as “vulnerable” at global scale. Habitat loss and degradation following rapid agricultural expansion and urban development are the main causes of their declines. In this note we present the first documented records of these species in urban green ar...

Aim To investigate the role of alien plants in mutualistic plant–hummingbird networks, assessing the importance of species traits, floral abundance and insularity on alien plant integration. Location Mainland and insular Americas. Methods We used species-level network indices to assess the role of alien plants in 21 quantitative plant–hummingbird...

Las redes de niebla han sido utilizadas como un método importante para realizar inventarios de aves en varios hábitats neotropicales, pero su efectividad con respecto a otros métodos como los puntos de conteo, no ha sido evaluada extensivamente. Este trabajo compara la efectividad de las redes de niebla y del método de puntos de conteo en la determ...

Recent records of bird species in the Colombian Andes have shown that this region is not as well known as was previously believed. We compiled data from a major collection of Colombian birds and from our recent field observations to complement the bird species list of Quindío department. We report the addition of 14 species to Quindío's checklist a...

We studied the diversity, population density and vertical and spatial distribution of the species of Columnea in the Río Ñambí natural reserve, southwestern Colombia. We divided the area under study in 100 plots (10 x 10 m) in order to quantify the alpha diversity, the density, and the vertical and spatial distribution pattern of Columnea species....

We recorded the species composition of mixed bird flocks, during 366 h of fieldwork in seven localities along an altitudinal gradient on the Central Andes of Colombia. We observed 164 species in 212 mixed bird flocks. Species composition varied along the altitudinal gradient and 27 species could have a cohesive role in the flock, but almost all of...

Columnea longipedicellata, a new species from Antioquia and Chocó Departments in Colombia (Cordillera Occidental) is described and illustrated. The new species is distinguished by the presence of elongate pedicels and leaves uniformly green abaxially.

Colombia is the most diverse Neotropical country of Gesneriaceae. Nevertheless, there are gaps in knowledge of the distribution patterns and ecology of this family because of their taxonomic complexity. A list of the Gesneriaceae of the Quindío department with data for habitat and altitudinal distribution is presented in this paper. The herbarium c...

We report a new population of the Hooded Anpitta (Grallariculla cucullata) in the Central Andes of Colombia, a threatened bird species inhabiting montane cloud forests in Colombian and Venezuelan Andes. We present capture-rate data, which suggest the occurrence of a resident with the highest population size reported for this bird species.

1 Fotos de los autores. Producido por: Tyana.Wachter, R. B. Foster y J. Philipp, con el apoyo de Connie Keller y el Andrew Mellon Foundation © Alejandro Pinto-Gómez [apintog@unal.edu.co], Juan Pablo López-Ordoñez [jlopezo@unal.edu.co], Oscar Humberto Marín-Gómez [ohmaring@unal.edu.co] © Science and Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605 USA...

El objetivo principal de las áreas protegidas (AP) es mantener muestras representativas de la biodiversidad. Dado que la biodiversidad en su totalidad es imposible de conservar, usualmente se utilizan especies amenazadas como sustitutas. Bajo esta premisa‚ el propósito del presente trabajo fue evaluar la representatividad de los mamíferos no volado...

Endemic species tend to be habitat specialists with low population densities, but densities may vary among sites and may be temporally dynamic. In addition, species may exhibit plasticity in habitat use, with the result that densities vary in different habitats. The Cauca Guan (Penelope perspicax) is an endangered species endemic to the mid-Cauca V...

We compiled and analyzed data gathered from observations during the period 2001-2013 in three sectors along La Vieja river, located in the Cauca river valley, Colombia. We describe spatial and temporal aspects of such dataset, focusing in indentify patterns of species’ composition and abundance. We recorded 28 waterbird species in 33 transects, bei...

Endemic species tend to be habitat specialists with low population densities, but densities may vary among sites and may be temporally dynamic. In addition, species may exhibit plasticity in habitat use, with the result that densities vary in different habitats. The Cauca Guan (Penelope perspicax) is an endangered species endemic to the mid-Cauca V...

Recent studies investigating the species of Columnea sections Ortholoma and Collandra have uncovered several new species to science. In the present paper we describe four species, Columnea ceticeps, C. ferruginea, C. fractiflexa, and C. laciniata with a primary distribution in Colombia as part of ongoing studies in the revised subgeneric classifica...

http://yoluka.org.co/blog2/publicaciones/guias/flora-y-fauna-sabanas-inundables/

Realice un inventario de la Reserva Natural “La Montaña del Ocaso” a través de recopilación de registros en literatura, observadores de aves y observaciones propias desde octubre del 2002 a abril del 2006. Agrupe las especies teniendo en cuenta el hábitat utilizado, su abundancia relativa y su estado de residencia. Encontré un total de 182 especies...

RESUMEN Inga edulis es una especie ampliamente utilizada como sombrío en la zona cafetera de Colombia. En esta investigación se estudió la fenología de esta especie en un agroecosistema ganadero y otro cafetero del departamento del Quindío entre julio de 2005 y junio de 2006. Se realizaron observaciones mensuales de las fenofases vegetativa y repro...

Mixed-species bird flocks are a prevalent characteristic of Andean avian communities. We describe the species composition of mixed-species bird flocks observed in a high mountain zone (3,000 to 3,450 m) of Quindío, central Andes, Colombia. The total number of species observed in mixed-species flocks was 42, and the mean number of species and indivi...

A new species of Columnea belonging to the section Collandra dra (Gesneriaceae) from La Serranía de los Paraguas in the Department of Valle del Cauca (Cordillera Occidental), Colombia, is described and illustrated. The Serranía de Los Paraguas is considered a strategic ecosystem with global priority for the conservation of biodiversity. It is part...

Parasitism of adult frogs and toads by dipteran larvae has been described in the families Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae and Chloropidae, but remains a poorly studied subject of amphibian biology. In the Neotropics, only Sarcophagidae is known to cause myiasis in anurans including twelve species from Panama, Brazil, Peru, Costa Rica and Venezuela. He...

We present a list of 92 bird species from Finca Estrella de Agua - Páramo de Frontino section (3,100 - 3,400 m) in Salento municipality, Quindío Department, Central Andes of Colombia. The list was made by a combination of visual and aural records and mist net captures during 2005, and complemented by opportunistic records during three consecutive y...

We present an avifaunal list for the department of Quindío, Colombia. Data were compiled from our original fieldwork, museum online databases, and literature. The list includes 543 species, of which 34 are in some threatened category, 28 are Colombian endemics or semi-endemics, 44 are migrants, and 26 are new records for this region. Eleven species...

Se estudió la diversidad de mariposas diurnas y su relación con la fenología reproductiva del guamo, I. ornata, en un agroecosistema ganadero en Quindío, Colombia. Se hicieron muestreos mensuales en dos transectos de 50 m x 2 m utilizando redes entomológicas, trampas cebadas con fruta en descomposición y observaciones de las mariposas visitantes de...

Los árboles del género Inga se caracterizan por presentar floraciones masivas y una baja producción de frutos, sin embargo, aun no son claros los factores que afectan el éxito reproductivo de estos árboles. Se estudio la incidencia de la herbivoría floral y perdida de flores sobre la producción de frutos en Inga ornata en un agroecosistema cafetero...

I studied the foraging activity of insectivorous birds visiting Inga edulis in two agroecosystems of Quindío by means focal observations to five trees per place. During 120 hours of observation, I registered 919 visits of 59 species of insectivorous birds, 12 migratory and 47 resident ones. Fourteen additional species were registered outside of the...