Onur Demirors

• Izmir Institute of Technology

Methodology In this research, we conducted a case study to establish a foundation for size measurement and effort estimation in DWH projects. We first applied a productivity‐based estimation approach using linear regression with the ISBSG repository to assist organizations without historical data. We then evaluated various machine learning algorith...

Despite the availability of software size measures with proven effectiveness, structured characteristics, and reliability, practitioners often favor subjective estimation approaches like story points due to perceived ease and flexibility. Amid ongoing industry transformations driven by artificial intelligence, distributed architectures, and agile p...

Industry 4.0 changes traditional manufacturing relationships from isolated optimized cells to fully integrated data and product flows across borders with its technological pillars. However, the transition to Industry 4.0 is not a straightforward journey in which organizations need assistance. A well‐known approach that can be utilized during the ea...

During the last decade, microservice-based software architecture has been a common design paradigm in the industry and has been successfully utilized by organizations. Microservice-based software architecture, specifically in the form of reactive systems, has substantial differences from the more conventional design paradigms, such as the object-or...

The demand for software practitioners has increased substantially over the last three decades. As the supply trend has not been able to catch these high demand levels, recruiters have been employing people without traditional software engineering backgrounds. Individuals interested in changing careers, attend courses, take certificates, or involve...

Software project management plays an important role in producing high-quality software, and effort estimation can be considered as a backbone for successful project management. Size is a very significant attribute of software by being the only input to perform early effort estimation. Even though functional size measurement methods showed successfu...

During the last decade, microservice-based software architecture has been a common design paradigm in the industry and has been successfully utilized by organizations. Microservice-based software architecture, specifically in the form of reactive systems, has substantial differences from the more conventional design paradigms, such as the object-or...

Effort estimation is a fundamental task during the planning of software projects. Prediction models usually rely on two essential factors: software size and effort data. Measuring the size of the software can be done at various stages of the project with desired accuracy. Nevertheless, the industry faces challenges when it comes to collecting relia...

Software Size Measurement (SSM) plays an essential role in software project management as it enables the acquisition of software size, which is the main input for development effort and schedule estimation. However, many small and medium-sized companies cannot perform objective SSM and Software Effort Estimation (SEE) due to insufficient resources...

Services and products are the output of business ideas. Software applications are result of a business idea to meet user needs or to give a new solution to existing products. Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a tool that is used to represent or model these business ideas. BMC is a useful tool to show different perspectives of software related business...

Information systems evolve from simple to complex, difficult-to-understand systems as organizations change. Analyzing system processes manually using process models necessitates a significant amount of effort and time. Process mining, on the other hand, is a promising method for revealing the current state of such systems' processes. Many process m...

Software Size Measurement is a critical task in Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). It is the primary input for effort estimation models and an important measure for project control and process improvement. There exist various size measurement methods whose successes have already been proven for traditional software architectures and applicatio...

Software project management is a significant software engineering practice that is highly related to achieving software-specific project goals. This study aims to share students' perceptions of incorporating an international software estimation challenge called "COSMIC Students' Estimation Challenge" into a software project management course. For t...

Enterprise Applications are known as one of the best practices of software reuse. They are complex applications, including most of the business processes. In this domain, size measurements and effort predictions are mostly performed in an ad-hoc fashion, and they frequently suffer from schedule and budget overruns. We developed a size measurement m...

Purpose From knowledge management point of view, business process models and ontologies are two essential knowledge artifacts for organizations that consume similar information sources. In this study, the PROMPTUM method for integrated process modeling and ontology development that adheres to well-established practices is presented. The method is i...

Günümüzde esnek, güvenilir ve duyarlı (responsive) yazılımlara olan talebin artması ve bu talebe karşılık verebilen internet altyapısının olması yeni nesil bulut uygulamalarının gelişmesine öncülük etmiştir. Bunun sonucunda, bulut tabanlı dağıtık web uygulamalarının birlikte çalışarak oluşturduğu mikroservis tabanlı mimari popülerlik kazanmıştır. M...

The rapidly developing internet infrastructure together with the advances in software technology has enabled the development of cloud-based modern web applications that are much more responsive, flexible, and reliable compared to traditional monolithic applications. Such modern applications require new software design paradigms and architectures. M...

Engineering of modern embedded systems requires complex technical, managerial and operational processes. To cope with the complexity, modeling is a commonly used approach in the embedded software industry. The modeling approaches in embedded software vary since the characteristics of modeling such as purpose, medium type and life cycle phase differ...

Microservice Survey Raw Data

Supplementary Material

Functional size has been used in software engineering for more than 40 years. When measured early in the software development life cycle, it can serve as direct input for effort estimation. The COSMIC Functional Size Measurement (FSM) method developed by the Common Software Measurement Consortium (COSMIC) is the latest ISO-compliant functional sizi...

Challenges in agile adaptation is inevitable in software development projects and have to be dealt with by software practitioners. The pathway to ex- cellence in agility requires experience of challenges, failure of process scenarios; and the discovery of working solutions by software development teams. The ma- jor purpose of this study is to highl...

Günümüzde esnek, güvenilir ve duyarlı (responsive) yazılımlara olan talebin artması ve bu talebe karşılık verebilen internet altyapısının olması yeni nesil bulut uygulamalarının gelişmesine öncülük etmiştir. Bunun sonucunda, bulut tabanlı dağıtık web uygulamalarının birlikte çalışarak oluşturduğu mikroservis tabanlı mimari popülerlik kazanmıştır. M...

Yazılım süreci olgunluğu değerlendirme ve iyileştirme modelleri 1990'lardan bu yana birçok yazılım organizasyonu tarafından kullanılmaktadır. Bu modeller içerisinde en sık kullanılanlar Yetenek Olgunluk Modeli (CMM) ve ISO 15504 / ISO 3300X Yazılım Süreç İyileştirme ve Yetenek Değerlendirme (SPICE) Modelidir. Çevik (Agile) yazılım geliştirme pratik...

Many factors influence the creation of business process models which are understandable for a target audience. Understandability of process models becomes more critical when size and complexity of the models increase. Using vertical modularization to decompose such models hierarchically into modules is considered to improve their understandability....

To cope with growing complexity of software-intensive systems, model-driven engineering (MDE) has become a widely used approach in the industry by providing many (potential) benefits with different purposes. Although there has been an increasing interest in conducting secondary studies among MDE researchers such as surveys, systematic mapping (SM)...

Many business processes present in modern enterprises are loosely defined, highly interactive, involve frequent human interventions and coupled with a multitude of abstract entities defined within an enterprise architecture. Further, they demand agility and responsiveness to address the frequently changing business requirements. Traditional busines...

Abstract. Agile methods are being used frequently in today’s software industry. In these methods, more care is taken to deliver working software products in short time intervals and to adapt to customer change requests as much as possible. As a result of this, detailed documentation of requirements is pushed into the background in agile and develop...

To cope with the growing complexity of software-intensive embedded system development, modeling is a widely used approach. The modeling approaches in the embedded software industry vary depending on many modeling characteristics (e.g., purpose, modeling rigor, medium type used, modeling stakeholder profile, etc.). In the light of our previous studi...

Personnel management plays a critical role in the success of public organizations. Our literature review shows that there is a lack of systematic guidance on how to improve Public Personnel Management Process (PPMP) quality. Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination (SPICE) is a process assessment framework that is successfully used...

Change is inevitable in software projects and software engineers strive to find ways to manage changes. A complete task could be easily in a team`s agenda sometime later due to change demands. Change demands are caused by failures and/or improvements and require additional effort which in most cases have not been planned upfront and affect project...

Software engineering researchers have, over the years, proposed different critical success factors (CSFs) which are believed to be critically correlated with the success of software projects. To conduct an empirical investigation into the correlation of CSFs with success of software projects, we adapt and extend in this work an existing contingency...

Comprehensively describing data analytics requirements is becoming an integral part of developing enterprise information systems. It is a challenging task for analysts to completely elicit all requirements shared by the organization’s decision makers. With a multitude of data available from e-commerce sites, social media and data warehouses selecti...

Purpose Integrating ontologies with process modeling has gained increasing attention in recent years since it enhances data representations and makes it easier to query, store and reuse knowledge at the semantic level. The authors focused on a process and ontology integration approach by extracting the activities, roles and other concepts related t...

Various BIM capability and maturity models have been developed to assist architecture, engineering, construction and facilities management (AEC/FM) organizations in measuring the performance of their BIM utilizations. Due to differences in applicability and focus of these models, they are able to meet the demands of different BIM users. In this stu...

Software-intensive embedded systems have become an essential aspect of our lives. To cope with its growing complexity, modeling and model-driven engineering (MDE) are widely used for analysis, design, implementation, and testing of these systems. Since a large variety of software modeling practices is used in the domain of embedded software, it is...

Tasarım, geliştirme ve sınanması diğer yazılım sistemlerine göre daha karmaşık olan yazılım-yoğun gömülü sistemlerde, artan karmaşıklıkla başa çıkmak için kullanılan en etkin yöntemlerden biri yazılım modellemesidir. Gömülü yazılım endüstrisinde kullanılan diyagramların öz niteliklerinin (örneğin, amaç, modelleme katılığı, kullanılan medya tipi, mo...

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is highly adopted by Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Facilities Management (AEC/FM) companies around the world due to its benefits such as improving collaboration of stakeholders in projects. Effective implementation of BIM in organizations requires assessment of existing BIM performances of AEC/FM p...

Process mining is a process management technique that allows for the analysis of business processes based on the event logs and its aim is to discover, monitor and improve executed processes by extracting knowledge from event logs readily available in information systems. The popularity of agile software development methods has been increasing in t...

Agile methodologies are adapted by growing number of software organizations. Agile maturity (also called agility) assessment is a way to ascertain the degree of this adoption and determine a course of action to improve agile maturity. There are a number of agile maturity assessment surveys in order to assess team or organization agility and many of...

The analysis, design, implementation and testing of software for embedded systems are not trivial. Software modeling is a commonly used approach in the embedded software industry to manage complexity of these phases. The modeling approaches vary since the characteristics of modeling such as its purpose, the medium type used, the lifecycle phase use...

Adoption of agile values and principles and transformation of organizations towards agility are not easy and straightforward. Misinterpretation of agile principles and values, and adoption of partial solutions with few agile practices instead of holistic approaches prevent organizations to obtain full benefits of agile methods. We developed the Sof...

Online appendix to the article entitled "Towards Modeling Patterns for Embedded Software Industry: Feedback from the Field"

As big data analytics is adapted across multitude of domains and applications there is a need for new platforms and architectures that support analytic solution engineering as a lean and iterative process. In this paper we discuss how different software development processes can be adapted to data analytic process engineering, incorporating service...

Software organizations struggle with determining the adequacy of their measurement practices. The authors are proposing a method that focuses on individual measures instead of the measurement process for assessing the measurement capability of software organizations.

Context: The analysis of requirements for business-related software systems is often supported by using business process models. However, the final requirements are typically still specified in natural language. This means that the knowledge captured in process models must be consistently transferred to the specified requirements. Possible inconsis...

Agile methodologies have gained significant popularity among software development organizations during the last decade. Although agile methodologies are regarded as minimizing formal processes, they still utilize an estimation methodology for proper management. Story point is the most common input for agile effort estimation. Story point is an arbi...

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems evolve at a rapid pace based on customer and industry expectations. As a result, historic project data for these kinds of projects lose their value especially for analogy based estimation methods. In this rapidly evolving domain, function point based methods might provide a sound alternative for ERP effort...

Agile software development methods have become popular in the software development field during the last decade. Majority of software organizations develop or claim to develop software based on agile methods. Process mining is a process management technique that allows for the analysis of business processes based on the event logs. The aim of proce...

Measurement is the foundation for successful software management. However, it is not easy for software organizations to evaluate their measurement practices and to determine what they should do to improve them. There are models to evaluate capability and maturity of measurement processes. However, they frequently focus on the measurement process in...

Business process modeling is utilized by organizations for defining and reengineering their business processes. On the other hand, ontologies are developed to strengthen shared understanding between people, organizations and software systems and ease reuse. From knowledge management point of view, both are efficient tools for creating knowledge. A...

Context: Process models are key in facilitating communication in organizations and in designing process-aware information systems. Organizations are facing increasingly larger and more complex processes, which pose difficulties to the understandability of process models. The literature reports several factors that are considered to influence the un...

To cope with growing complexity of embedded software, modeling has become popular. The usage of models in embedded software industry and the relevant practices usually vary since the purposes of diagram development and usage differ. Since a large variety of software modeling practices used in embedded software industry, it is important to understan...

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are large scale integrated systems covering most of the business processes of an enterprise. ERP projects differ from software projects with customization, modification, integration and data conversion phases. Most of the time effort and time estimations are performed in an ad-hoc fashion in ERP projects a...

Ontologies and process models are two essential artifacts of enterprises. They are used for creating knowledge, enabling a shared understanding within a domain and developed by utilizing organizational resources such as guidelines, regulations and policies which are considered as unstructured text. Although organizations frequently have guidelines...

Process ontologies contain organization's process elements which are related to the business activities, in a structured format. Once organizations establish process ontologies, searching process information as well as discovery, modeling and automation become more efficient. Process ontologies are frequently developed from organizational resources...

Software-intensive embedded systems have evolved to be essential tools of our lives. To cope with growing complexities in embedded software industry, software modeling and model-driven engineering (MDE) have become popular for design, development and testing of these systems. However, the usage of models in embedded software industry and the releva...

Performing process improvement to deliver qualified products with the expected cost on time has been a requirement for organizations targeting to be successful in the software market. Software organizations usually perform process improvement based on well-known process assessment frameworks such as CMMI and ISO/IEC 15504. A number of derivatives o...

During the last two decades, staged models have been successfully used by software organizations for process improvement. However, the relationship between these models and organization-wide continuous process improvement has not been studied extensively. This study questions the continuity, extent and participation characteristics of software proc...

The necessity of transformation for efficient and effective management of Public Financial and Physical Resource Management (PFPRM) processes has become increasingly critical in the governmental organizations. However, there is a lack of a guideline in the literature for process capability determination and improvement of PFPRM processes. ISO/IEC 1...

Yazılım projelerinin başarı ile yönetilebilmesi amacıyla iş gücü, bütçe, takvim gibi önemli kısıtlar için proje yaşam döngüsü başlangıcında yapılacak kestirimler oldukça önemlidir. Yazılım işlevsel büyüklüğü bu kestirimler için kullanılabilecek objektif ve karşılaştırılabilir önemli bir girdidir. Bu çalışmada yazılım işlevsel büyüklük ölçüm yönteml...

Among the various approaches to software size measurement, Functional Size Measurement has been widely recognized for its usability in early phases of software development cycles and its independence from implementation language, development method and technology. Starting from its introduction with the original Function Point Analysis method in 19...

In Turkish: "Gömülü yazılım endüstrisinde kullanılan yazılım modellemesi ve model-güdümlü tekniklerde Türkiye’nin dünyadaki yeri"

Business process models and ontologies are two essential knowledge artifacts that utilize similar information sources. In this sense, building and managing the relationships between ontologies and business process models provide benefits such as enhanced semantic quality of both artifacts and effort savings. In this study, the PROMPTUM toolset, tha...

Agile software development has been one of the most important paradigms of software engineering community. Agile methods that are shaped around Agile Manifesto and principles, provide promising results when applied properly in software organizations. Agile assessment models and tools have potential to indicate agile adoption problems at project lev...

Public Financial and Physical Resource Management (PFPRM) is becoming a core competency critical to a government organization’s competitive advantage. Recent studies have shown that organizations with established PFPRM are able to generate millions of dollars in additional savings and have a distinct competitive advantage. Our literature review sho...

Government Process Capability Determination Model is developed based on ISO/IEC 15504 by the authors in order to assess the extent of the processes to be consistently applied, managed, and controlled across governmental agencies. Government Process Reference Model consists of definitions of common processes across all governmental agencies as well...

Role-based and decentralized process modeling allows actors to focus on modeling their own role behaviors and requires them to negotiate to form a consistent and integrated process model. Negotiations among the actors have a crucial impact on modeling activity of overall process since decentralized process modeling has a collaborative nature. Based...

Technical report of a world-wide survey on software modeling and model-driven engineering in the embedded software industry

Technical report of a world-wide survey on software modeling and model-driven engineering in the embedded software industry

There are various software size measurement methods that are used in various stages of a software project lifecycle. Although functional size measurement methods and lines of code measurements are widely practiced, none of these methods explicitly position themselves in problem or solution domain. This results in unreliable measurement results as a...

Turkcell, a leading telecommunications and technology company in Turkey, decided to initiate a project utilizing COSMIC to measure their software products and to use functional size of the software as an input parameter in their development and procurement processes. This paper explains the steps we took and the difficulties we faced towards being...