Omid Dianat

• DDS, MS
• Professor (Associate) at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

Objective: The successful management of necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis poses a tough challenge in endodontic therapy, as it involves addressing compromised tooth vitality and microbial invasion of root canal systems. Failure to effectively treat these conditions can lead to persistent infection and severe patient discomfort. The efficacy o...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative technology in healthcare, including endodontics. A gap in knowledge exists in understanding AI's applications and limitations among endodontic experts. This comprehensive review aims to (A) elaborate on technical and ethical aspects of using data to implement AI models in endodontics; (B)...

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has seen significant advancements, particularly in areas requiring image interpretation. Endodontics, a specialty within dentistry, stands to benefit immensely from AI applications, especially in interpreting radiographic images. However, there is a knowledge gap among endodontists regar...

Introduction One of the most common problems in endodontic treatments is post-treatment pain, and sealers might be one of the factors influencing the degree of pain following root canal therapy. The purpose of this study is to compare pain following endodontic treatment using an AH-26 resin sealer against the Resil experimental sealer in mandibular...

Background This study aimed to assess the accuracy of two different endodontic guides for fiber post removal. Methods In this in vitro study, 54 maxillary canine fiber posts were mounted on 36 maxillary stone casts; 18 teeth were mounted unilaterally, and 36 teeth were mounted bilaterally. Static endodontic guides were fabricated according to base...

Root canal therapy (RCT) is a widely performed procedure in dentistry, with over 25 million individuals undergoing it annually. This procedure is carried out to address inflammation or infection within the root canal system of affected teeth. However, accurately aligning CT scan information with the patient's tooth has posed challenges, leading to...

Invasive cervical root resorption (ICRR) is a dental pathology, marked by unexpected destruction originating in the cervical region of the tooth. This comprehensive literature review provides a holistic view into the pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, and precise management of ICRR, aiming to guide endodontists and enhance patient care and treat...

Pulp canal calcification (PCC) is common in patients with dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI). We present endodontic management of multiple anterior and posterior teeth with PCCs in a patient with DGI type II using guided endodontics. A 26-year-old female patient was diagnosed with DGI type II. Clinical examination revealed palatal cusp fracture in too...

Objectives To evaluate a modified two-step buccal infiltration (MBI) of 1.7 mL 4% articaine as primary or supplemental anesthesia in mandibular first and second molars diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP). Materials and methods One hundred and eight patients with SIP were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n = 36). They we...

Aim This study aimed to evaluate and compare the validity and reliability of responses provided by GPT‐3.5, Google Bard, and Bing to frequently asked questions (FAQs) in the field of endodontics. Methodology FAQs were formulated by expert endodontists ( n = 10) and collected through GPT‐3.5 queries ( n = 10), with every question posed to each chat...

Removing a fiber post from a root canal that requires endodontic retreatment is often very challenging. Conventional freehand techniques for removing fiber posts are time-consuming, sometimes result in iatrogenic errors, and heavily rely on the practitioner’s experience. The endodontic static guide can be an alternative method. While the use of an...

Introduction: The aims of this study were to determine the incidence, associated factors, and predictability of flare-ups after non-surgical retreatments (NSRetx). Methods: All patients (n=3,666) who received NSRetx by three endodontists in two endodontic offices during a period of 6 years (2016-2022) were included. Demographic, diagnostic, and...

Introduction: This systematic review evaluated the effect of periapical lesion (PL) size on the success rate of different endodontic treatments, including root canal treatment (RCT), non-surgical retreatment (NSR), and apical surgery (AS). Methods: Cohorts and randomized controlled trials investigating the outcomes of endodontic treatment of per...

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the overall accuracy of deep learning models in detecting periapical radiolucent lesions in dental radiographs, when compared to expert clinicians. Methods: Electronic databases of Medline (via PubMed), Embase (via Ovid), Scopus, Google Scholar, and arXiv were s...

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the temporal evolution of external cervical resorption (ECR) defects using a volumetric quantification method. Methods Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of patients diagnosed with ECR who chose not to receive treatment and attended recalls were collected. ECR defects were segmented in CBCT...

Background: To compare the anesthetic efficacy of supplemental buccal infiltration (BI) (1.7 ml) versus intraligamentary (IL) injection containing 0.4 ml of 4% articaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine after an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) with 1.7 ml 2% lidocaine in the first and second mandibular molars diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis (I...

Background: Conflicting findings on the potency of antibiotic pastes versus calcium hydroxide (CH) have been evident in the literature. Aims: To compare the antibacterial efficacy of single antibiotic paste (SAP), double antibiotic paste (DAP), triple antibiotic paste (TAP), and modified TAP (mTAP) with CH on bacterial biofilms. Methods: PubMed, Sc...

This systematic review investigates whether different irrigation techniques have different effects on irrigant extrusion from mature tooth apices. Articles published between January 2000 and January 2022 were searched in six electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane) using appropriate keywords. Overa...

Background: Conflicting findings on the potency of antibiotic pastes versus calcium hydroxide (CH) have been evident in the literature. Aims: To compare the antibacterial efficacy of single antibiotic paste (SAP), double antibiotic paste (DAP), triple antibiotic paste (TAP), and modified TAP (mTAP) with CH on bacterial biofilms. Methods: PubMe...

Introduction There is lack of data on whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with changes in the etiology of pathosis in endodontic patients. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of cracks and other etiologic factors during March 16th to May 31st in 2020 (COVID-19 initial outbreak) and in 2021 (COVID-19 ongoing pandemic) compared t...

Aim To investigate whether the 3D-dynamic navigation system (3D-DNS) can improve experienced endodontists’ (EEs’) and novice endodontists’ (NEs’) accuracy and efficiency in osteotomy and root-end resection (RER) and to verify that the 3D-DNS enables NEs to perform osteotomy and RER as accurately and efficiently as EEs. Methods Seventy-six roots in...

This systematic review (PROSPERO‐CRD42020147333) aimed to compare the effects of conservative, ultraconservative and truss access cavities with traditional access cavities on the load capacity of root‐canal‐treated teeth. Online databases were searched until December 2021, and 25 ex vivo studies in which the effects of different access cavities on...

Introduction This study evaluated the accuracy and efficiency of 3D Dynamic Navigation System (3D-DNS) to perform minimally invasive osteotomy (MIO) and root-end resection (RER) in endodontic microsurgery (EMS) and investigated the viability of root-end cavity preparation (RECP) and fill (REF) in MIO. Methods We divided 48 tooth roots in cadaver h...

Introduction The aims of this observational study were to: 1) Determine if Endodontists’ practice in early 2021 experienced changes in patients’ characteristics compared to a comparable pre-pandemic period; 2) Determine whether the changes reported during the initial outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 were reversed one year later. Methods Demographic, d...

Introduction The first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States resulted in nationwide closure of dental offices that created an oral health crisis. The aim of this observational study was to analyze and compare the characteristics of patients who visited two private Endodontics offices from March-16 to May-31, 2020, com...

Revitalizing the root canals of previously treated teeth with open apices is appealing to clinicians and patients. However, there are fundamental differences in the microbiome and the microenvironment between a canal with a primary endodontic infection and a canal with a persistent endodontic infection. The aims of this report are to report a case...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) placed in delayed replantation of mature extracted teeth. Sixteen intentionally extracted teeth in two mature beagle dogs were selected. In one quadrant of each jaw, the extraction sockets were filled with PRF prior to replantation, and the other quadrant served as contr...

Aim - To determine and compare the accuracy and efficiency of a dynamic navigation system (DNS) with freehand (FH) technique when conducting root‐end resection in a human cadaver model. Methodology - Forty roots in cadaver heads were included and divided into two groups: DNS (n=20) and FH (n=20). Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of all te...

The treatment of calcified root canals is challenging in endodontic practice. A 63-year-old man was referred to the postgraduate endodontic clinic at the University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, for the treatment of tooth #3. Because of the patient's history of head and neck radiation and the high risk of developing osteoradionecr...

Introduction Examining the evolution of research parameters helps scientists to discover the well-developed and the neglected aspects of knowledge. Pain after root canal treatment is a health problem affecting millions of patients. Research in this field has a meaningful impact on quality of lives. The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution...

Introduction Calcified canals present a challenge during endodontic treatments. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy and efficiency of a dynamic navigation system (DNS) to the freehand (FH) method for locating calcified canals in human teeth. Methods Sixty human single-rooted teeth with canal obliteration were selected and mounted...

Objective The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the success rate of three different anesthetic techniques in mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Materials and methods Ninety patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars randomly received three anesthetic techniques. Group I: an inferi...

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of DentalVibe on the level of pain experienced during anesthetic injections using 2 different techniques. Materials and methods: This randomized crossover clinical trial evaluated 60 patients who required 2-session endodontic treatment. Labial infiltration (LI) anesthesia was administered in the...

Introduction: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is extensively used in endodontics. However, it has limitations such as long setting time, low compressive strength and poor handling properties. Our study aimed to compare the setting time and surface microhardness of MTA and fluoride-doped MTA (FMTA) using gel-like polymer (GLP) or distilled water (...

Introduction: Calcium hydroxide (CH) and nano-calcium hydroxide (NCH) as intracanal medicaments may affect the physical and chemical properties of dentin. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of CH and NCH on the microhardness and superficial chemical structure of radicular dentin. Methods: In this in vitro trial, 80 dentin...

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of root crack formation caused by the use of manual instrumentation, 2 rotary systems, and 1 reciprocating system using light-emitting diode transillumination. Methods One hundred fifty mandibular premolars were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 30): control 1, no intervention; contr...

Endodontic treatment is performed to treat inflamed or infected root canal system of any involved teeth. It is estimated that 22.3 million endodontic procedures are performed annually in the USA. Preparing a proper access cavity before cleaning/shaping (instrumentation) of the root canal system is among the most important steps to achieve a success...

This study compared the antibacterial effect of 2% clindamycin and 2% and 100% concentration of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) on an Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Dentinal tubules of 100 root specimens were infected and randomly assigned to five groups. A total of 1000 mg mL⁻¹ of TAP, 20 mg mL⁻¹ of TAP and clindamycin, calcium hydroxide or methylce...

Introduction: The susceptibility of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) to fracture is mainly associated with the loss of tooth structure. This study evaluated the effect of the access cavity design and taper preparation of root canals on ETT fracture resistance of maxillary molars. Methods: For tapering assessment, 30 sound distobuccal roots of...

Previous in vitro studies have suggested that simvastatin can be used as a direct pulp capping material due to its ability to induce odontoblastic differentiation and angiogenesis. The aim of this animal study was to evaluate the pulpal response to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and four concentrations of simvastatin/MTA in combination. The study...

Aim The aim of the current study was to compare the effect of WaveOne and Reciproc files in reciprocation versus reverse full rotation movements on cervical dentin thickness by virtue of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis in curved mesial canals of mandibular first molars. Methods Mesiobuccal canals of 60 mandibular molars were randomly...

Introduction Gutta-percha (GP), is a neutral and non-toxic material. The aim of this animal study was to compare the biocompatibility of nanosilver coated GP (NS-GP) with conventional GP in subcutaneous tissues in a rat model. Methods and Materials Conventional GP and NS-GP were subcutaneously implanted in the backs of 20 male Wistar rats (n=10)....

Objectives Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is extensively used in endodontics. However, MTA is difficult to handle because of its granular consistency, low mechanical properties and initial looseness. The objective of this study was to assess the compressive strength (CS), diametral tensile strength (DTS), and pH of set MTA using methyl cellulose...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether premedication with ibuprofen or meloxicam increases the success rate of anaesthesia in teeth with irreversible pulpitis. Materials and methods: In this parallel, double-blind clinical trial, 92 patients diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis were randomly divided into four groups of 23...

Background. Elimination of bacteria from the root canal system is one of the aims of endodontic treatment; hence the incorporation of antibiotics into sealers can increase their antimicrobial efficacy. The aim of the present study was to determine the in vitro antimicrobial effects of AH26 and AH Plus sealers mixed with amoxicillin, triple antibiot...

Background/aim: Different types of scaffolds have been suggested for endodontic repair procedures. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of procedures using blood clot versus plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) scaffold in immature teeth with apical periodontitis in dogs. Materials and methods: In this in vivo animal study, 20 teeth...

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate apical transportation and centering ability of single-file instruments, WaveOne primary, with full rotation versus reciprocation movement using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis in curved mesiobuccal (MB) root canal of human mandibular molars. Materials and methods: Thirty MB canals o...

Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) has the ability to invade the dentinal tubules and resist high pH levels. As a result, calcium hydroxide (CH) is not much effective on this bacterium. In theory, nanoparticle calcium hydroxide (NCH) has smaller size and high surface area that enables it to penetrate into the deeper layers of dentin and be more ef...

Statement of the Problem: The present constituents of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) can reflect the changes occurring in underlying tissues. Considering variety of biologic bone markers, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase have been examined as bone turn over markers in orthodontic tooth movement. Purpose: The current study designed in a l...

Introduction: The current study investigated the pulp response to electric pulp testing (EPT), before, upon initiation and one month after the start of orthodontic tooth movement. Methods and materials: A total of 402 anterior teeth from 39 patients (mean age of 16.8±2.7 years) were examined in this non-controlled prospective study. The aligning...

The aim of this study was to compare the changes that occur in the danger zone (DZ) after preparation of curved mesiobuccal (MB) canals of mandibular first molars with WaveOne instruments in two different movements [reciprocation (RCP) and counter-clockwise rotation (CCWR)] by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MB canals of 30 mandibula...

One of the main goals of endodontic treatment is to decrease the harboring bacteria within the root canal system and dentinal tubules. This experimental study attempted to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of three root canal irrigants in the presence and absence of smear layer (SL). A total of 210 sound extracted human single-rooted teeth wer...

Residual microorganisms in the root canal system (RCS) after endodontic therapy such as Candida albicans are a major cause of endodontic failure. Calcium hydroxide (CH) and chlorhexidine (CHX) have suitable antimicrobial activity against bacteria and can be used as intracanal medicaments. Nanosilver has also shown antimicrobial activity against mic...

One of the major contributing factors, which may cause failure of endodontic treatment, is the presence of residual microorganisms in the root canal system. For years, most dentists have been using calcium hydroxide (CH) as the intracanal medicament between treatment sessions to eliminate remnant microorganisms. Reducing the size of CH particles in...

A healthy female was referred to Endodontic Department. The referral letter from her dentist expressed that an emergency pulpotomy of tooth #27 had been carried out with probable perforation of the chamber floor which was due to the unusual anatomy of the chamber. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed that the tooth had two mesial and two d...

Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four intracanal medicaments on Enterococcus Faecalis (E. Faecalis). Methods and Materials: Fifty extracted single-rooted human teeth were prepared with standard method. After contaminating the canals with E. Faecalis, the samples were divided into one control...

Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect(s) of three canal lubricants i.e. sodium hypochlorite, RC-Prep as the paste form of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and aqueous EDTA on the occurrence/incidence of fracture, deformity and metal slivering of ProTaper rotary instruments. Methods: A total of 120 mesial c...

The purpose of the current study was to examine the success rate of a revascularization treatment protocol involving canal space disinfection using copious irrigation, a triantibiotic dressing, and induction of a blood clot matrix in immature dog's teeth. Thirty-six immature mongrel dog's teeth were divided into two experimental and two control gro...

Introduction: Teeth with irreversible pulpitis usually undergo root canal therapy (RCT). This treatment modality is often considered disadvantageous as it removes vital pulp tissue and weakens the tooth structure. A relatively new concept has risen which suggests vital pulp therapy (VPT) for irreversible pulpitis. VPT with calcium enriched mixture...

Introduction: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with normal saline has short working time, delayed setting time, and poor consistency when used as an apical plug. A preliminary study suggested that substituting normal saline with KY Jelly or 5% calcium chloride (CaCl2) as a vehicle expedites the setting time of MTA. The present in vitro study...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate apical transportation and centering ability of newly marketed single-file instruments, WaveOne, with Full-Rotation versus Reciprocation movement by virtue of CBCT analysis in severely curved mesiobuccal human mandibular molars. Methods: According to the type of instrument movement, mesiobuccal can...

Background: Allium sativum, commonly known as garlic, exhibits antibacterial effects against a wide range of bacteria. Aim: The objective of this in vitro study was to assess the antibacterial effect of different concentrations of garlic extract against human dental plaque microbiota. Materials and Methods: Antibacterial activities of four differen...

Background: An apical seal is an important factor in achieving success in surgical endodontics. Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the sealing properties of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with a new ceramic based root end filling material (Cold Ceramic) in different environments. Materials and Methods: One hundred teeth were selected....

One ideal property of a root-end filling material is its apical sealing ability. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess bacterial and dye microleakage of white and gray mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA and GMTA), Portland cement and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement used as root-end filling material, and to assess the agreement between th...

Profound pulpal anesthesia in posterior mandibular teeth with irreversible pulpitis usually requires administering an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) plus other supplemental injections. The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to compare the anesthetic success rate of buccal infiltration injections of articaine and l...

Objective: Achieving pulpal anesthesia in mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis is challenging. The purpose of this study was to elucidate whether premedication therapy with Ibuprofen or Meloxicam is able to increase the depth of anesthesia in inflamed teeth. Method: 92 patients with the diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis were divided into...

Objective: Different chelatotrs have been used during root canal treatment The aim of this study was to compare the apical microleakage of three root canal chelators using the fluid filtration method in canals instrumented with Protaper rotary system. Method: Sixty-eight maxillary molars were randomly divided into six groups;the positive contro...

Objective: One of the major factors responsible for failure of root canal treatments is the residual microorganisms in root canals and periradicular tissues. The majority of dentists have been using calcium hydroxide as the intracanal medicament between treatment sessions for years to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. Calcium hydroxide is availa...

Objective: Conventional calcium hydroxide cannot penetrate into the dentinal tubules due to the large size of drug particles. Manufacturing this drug in the form of nanoparticles makes it possible to better penetrate into the dentinal tubules and eliminate microorganisms more efficiently. This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activity of co...

Objective: Antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide in root canal treatments has been the focus of attention for many years. Manufacturing this drug in the form of nanoparticles makes it possible for calcium hydroxide to better penetrate into the dentinal tubules and eliminate microorganisms. The present study aimed at comparing the antimicrobia...

Objective: successful root canal treatment depends on complete disinfection of the root canal system.Nanosilver particles and triple antibiotics pastes have been suggested to have antimicrobial efficacy. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effectiveness of calcium hydroxide, chlorhexidine 2%, triple antibiotics and nanosilver...

Endodontic sealers usually come in contact with adjacent tissues and their biocompatibility is key in a successful treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity of three resin-based sealers, namely AH Plus, EndoREZ, and Epiphany in set and fresh states on an L929 cell line. In this in vitro experimental study, the materials we...

Fungi may play a key part in periradicular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antifungal properties of two root-end filling materials, ProRoot Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and MTA-Angelus, against Candida albicans using tube-dilution test. The antifungal properties of ProRoot MTA and MTA-Angelus against C. albicans...

To evaluate the efficacy of periapical infiltration injection of dexamethasone and morphine in reducing postoperative endodontic pain. Ninety patients participated in this double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial. They were referred to the dental school of Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran for conventional endodontic treatme...

The purpose of this study was to assess bacterial apical leakage in root canals obturated with GuttaFlow and compare this with the leakage of root canals obturated with Resilon/Epiphany or Gutta-percha/AH26. A total of 55 single-rooted human teeth were divided randomly into three experimental (n = 15) and two control groups (n = 5). Following a sta...

Favorable apical seal of root filling materials is a crucial factor for a successful root canal treatment. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare bacterial and dye microleakage of two root canal filling materials including standard gutta-percha and nanosilver coated gutta-percha, and to evaluate the agreement between results of these two met...

Studies have shown the regulatory role of Leptin in bone formation, its expression in adipose tissue as well as increased levels in circulation following the adminstration of inflammatory stimuli such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS). However, there is little data evaluating the role of Leptin in inflammatory periapical lesions. The aim of this study w...

Antibacterial activity is one of the desirable properties of an ideal sealer. This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effect of three different sealers, i.e. resin (AH26), calcium hydroxide (Apexit) and zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) based sealers. Direct contact test with agar diffusion was used in this in vitro study. The freshly mixed sealers we...

Endodontic sealers are in direct contact with periradicular tissues and play a critical role in regeneration and pathogenesis of periradicular diseases. The aim of this study was to compare cytotoxicity of four different types of sealers including AH plus, Sankin, Tubliseal EWT and Apexit as well as their effect on cytokine release of L929 fibrobla...

Absence of complete anesthesia in teeth with acutely inflamed pulp is a well-known clinical symptom, but the mechanism behind this symptom is poorly understood. In the current electrophysiologic study, afferent nerve fiber responses of the inflamed tooth with and without anesthesia were compared with normal teeth. Seventeen cats were used in this e...

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