Omer Khalil Ahmed

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• Doctor of Engineering
• Professor (Full) at Northern Technical University

As a result of the climate changes occurring on the planet and the carbon emissions they cause, solar energy systems must be developed in order to achieve greater efficiency. This study examines the performance of double‐pass solar air heaters (DPSAH) with and without porous media under forced convection. Two types of porous media, glass balls and...

This study aims to analyze and enhance the performance of a solar/voltage chimney by incorporating porous media, specifically using a gravel layer beneath the solar panels to facilitate cooling and improve efficiency. The gravel acts as a heat transfer medium, dissipating heat from the panels to the surrounding air, thereby reducing their temperatu...

The study develops an optimized SHE procedure to regulate a CHB-MLI powered by PV modules which use unequal DC sources. The main goal involves finding suitable switching angles that produce minimal low-order harmonics during steady output voltage operation under variable input scenarios. The Red-Tailed Hawk Algorithm (RTHA) serves as a recent bio-i...

To lower the expenses of manufacturing traditional solar collectors and perfect use of water tanks in developing countries, a new design of integrated water heaters has been presented in a rhombus shape. This new design consists of a cube whose upper surface was cut into two directions at a 45 o angle. This system's initial expenses can be kept to...

One of the disadvantages of solar PV systems is their low performance due to their high temperature, so the current article aims to study the performance of the PV / solar chimney, so the performance of the solar PV chimney was analyzed and studied during the months (February, March, April) of 2024, as the results showed that the lowest temperature...

Since the year 2000, a heightened environmental awareness has led to the emergence of global trends in forefront countries, prompting the need for standardized practices in the environmental building industry. This paper explores various experiments on buildings, demonstrating trends through examinations and tests conducted by governmental or priva...

This research investigates the transformative role of Machine Learning (ML) in optimizing smart-grid inverter systems, specifically emphasizing solar photovoltaics. A comprehensive literature review informed the development of a robust methodology, leveraging Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) and ML algorithms. Government grid data were empl...

This study explores the role of solar tracking systems in enhancing energy capture from photovoltaic modules. The objective is to understand renew- able energy fundamentals and analyze the efficiency of a solar tracking system compared to a static one in terms of voltage, current, and temperature. The research emphasizes the importance of adjusting...

In this study, an experimental model of a photovoltaic (PV) solar chimney (SC) was built and study the extent to which the asphalt material, being a phase‐change material, affects its performance electrical and thermal. Results were taken for the two systems: The photovoltaic solar chimney which contains phase change material (SCPV‐PCM), and the ph...

A new design of a Solar Vortex Engine integrated with a PV panel is designed. The system with a horizontal PV panel has the highest efficiency reaching 52.4%. The novel design forms an artificial vortex convenient for energy production.

In this study, we investigate the efficacy of the newly developed Weevil Damage Optimization Algorithm (WDOA) for addressing harmonic distortion in multilevel inverters. Specifically, harmonics of the fifth and seventh orders are targeted for elimination in a seven-level cascaded multilevel inverter, while harmonics of the fifth, seventh, eleventh,...

The performance of solar panels is significantly affected by high temperatures, leading to various cooling methods being employed to enhance their efficiency. This study utilizes comprehensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with Ansys Fluent 2023 R1 software to evaluate the effectiveness of cooling photovoltaic (PV) panels using gro...

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have revolutionized data acquisition across various domains, presenting immense potential for image processing and semantic segmentation. This literature review encompasses a thorough exploration of advancements, techniques, challenges, and datasets pertaining to UAV image semantic segmentation. It begins by introduc...

This comprehensive study delves into the thorough characterization of biochar derived from palm kernel shells, with a focus on its potential as an environmentally friendly solution to tackle waste management challenges within Malaysia's agro-industry. Employing the (BET) method, the current investigation unveils an impressive specific surface area...

The array of solar panels consists of a group of cells linked together to take advantage of solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. Several factors may affect this matrix's functioning, leading to a lack of efficiency and cell damage. In this work, a control system is designed and represented over the solar cell array , monitoring it an...

In this article, an idea has been presented that utilizes the heat produced from the petroleum gas burning accompanying the process of oil extraction to enhance the solar chimney performance. The simulation software tool ANSYS Fluent 2020R1 was used to know the possibility of exploiting this waste energy of gas and combining it with a solar chimney...

Various green building rating systems have been devised to assess the sustainability levels of buildings, offering a standardized approach to evaluate their environmental impact. However, adapting these existing methods to diverse regions requires addressing additional considerations, such as distinct climatic conditions and regional variations. Th...

The atmospheric vortex engine (AVE) model is one of the major objectives of this study; it is a new model that has been recently developed. There includes a presentation and discussion of the system's design and implementation, as well as thermodynamic measurements and analysis. Whereas the AVE consists of a Solar Air Collector (SAC) with an area o...

An experimental study was conducted to assess the impact of cooling technologies on the performance of the PV/Trombe wall system. The solar panel's cooling system included a DC fan. and the water passing through the heat exchanger installed behind the photovoltaic panel was used. The results showed that in the case of using water and air cooling, t...

Researchers are looking at alternative cleaner technologies to fulfill the rising need for greener fuels. For this reason, alternatives like bioethanol and biodiesel have become commercially available. Renewable fuels are classified as either "first generation," "second generation," or "third generation" depending on the feedstock used in their man...

The simplicity of design and construction following the researcher's or company's notion is the most typical description of solar panels. There will be a set of sensors in every design to derive information about the environment's shifting seasons and days. Two chambers of 1 m2 and 2 m in height were constructed for this study. A solar panel made f...

Renewable energy sources, especially solar energy, can meet part of the global energy needs, especially for domestic uses at present. The combination of Trombe walls and solar cells is currently one of the most extensive research topics and this system is named a Photovoltaic/Trombe wall (PV/TW). A PV/Trombe wall system can simultaneously generate...

All Earth's life forms depend heavily on water. Despite the critical importance of fresh water in the modern world, water pollution caused by industry and increasing urbanization has significantly reduced the amount of pure water available on Earth. Changes in global climate and seasons also contribute significantly to the depletion of fresh water...

The current article examined the effect of adding nano silica and polystyrene granules on the compressive strength and thermal conductivity of concrete. Nano silica and polystyrene granules were added in proportions (1%, 2%, 3%) to the concrete mixture, and the compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the concrete mixtures were examined. Th...

The performance of the double-slope solar distiller is combined with two types of solar collectors (vacuum tube solar heater ETC and solar concentrator PTC). The water inside the solar distiller is heated by a heat exchanger linked with the solar heater and the concentrator. 1.4, 1.7 and LPM 2). The results showed that the high temperature of the b...

Researchers are looking at alternative cleaner technologies to fulfill the rising need for greener fuels. For this reason, alternatives like bioethanol and biodiesel have become commercially available. Renewable fuels are classified as either "first generation," "second generation," or "third generation" depending on the feedstock used in their...

All Earth's life forms depend heavily on water. Despite the critical importance of fresh water in the modern world, water pollution caused by industry and increasing urbanization has significantly reduced the amount of pure water available on Earth. Changes in global climate and seasons also contribute significantly to the depletion of fresh water...

The use of solar energy to heat water is the more critical application of solar energy. Researchers are trying to develop different methods to improve the efficiency of solar water heaters to meet the increasing demand for hot water due to global population growth. To reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of solar heaters, the solar collector...

The Photovoltaic/Trombe wall system (PV/TW) is a design that generates electricity and provides hot air and warm water for domestic uses simultaneously; this system aims to optimize the electrical efficiency of the PV panel by removing the heat from them. The current article includes a study of the impact of utilizing reflective mirrors on the perf...

The high temperature of solar cells, especially in hot weather, causes a significant decrease in the efficiency of these cells. To raise the photovoltaic efficiency of the hybrid solar system, two thermal collectors were established, the first uses air as a coolant and the second uses water to cool the solar panels, which raises the temperature of...

The global interest in solar energy as an alternative to traditional fuels has led to a significant overall increase of attentiveness to solar energy systems, especially the solar chimney system. Because one potential drawback of solar chimney systems is the low efficiency of more traditional solar chimneys, researchers and scientists are trying to...

Hybrid PV/thermal systems suffer from reduced electrical performance due to high temperatures. The present study uses a phase change material (PCM) to optimize the performance of a PV/TW system. In this research, an empirical system was designed and utilized to study the impact of PCM, DC fan, and heat exchange on a photovoltaic Trombe wall system....

This article introduces a new design of solar storage collectors integrated with a PV panel for domestic applications. Two identical practical models were built to test the performance of the collectors by analyzing and comparing them with the classical storage solar collector. In the first model, the solar cells were mounted on the tank’s front in...

In This article the nanomaterial effect on concrete was discussed. Nowadays, nanotechnology has received wide attention to enhance conventional concrete properties. In contrast, the topic of this research is to find thermal insulation and related material with good mechanical properties, so nanomaterial was added to concrete mixtures to take advant...

An unfamiliar design of photovoltaic (PV)/solar pond was presented in the article. This design integrated the floating PV panel technology with the solar pond technology. This new design is called the Floating Photovoltaic Solar Pond (FPVSP). The design aims to reduce water evaporation from water bodies, cool solar panels, and store solar energy in...

Transparency is a crucial element in the judiciary to promote citizen confidence in courts and ensure fair case administration by court staff. Therefore, digital transformation of courts is becoming a mandatory step to increase transparency by providing a new opportunity for court data to be open, visible, and accessible to the citizen. Digital tra...

The current article studies the effect of dusty weather conditions on the performance of PV/Trombe wall Photovoltaic. Two experimental models were built to study the impact of climatic changes and operating conditions on the PV/Trombe wall, one with DC fans and the other without DC fans. The operating conditions for dusty and non-dusty days were te...

Thermal energy is transferred in the atmosphere from a high-temperature zone to a low-temperature zone via convective vortices that generate mechanical energy. There are two ways to generate vertical flow in the core of a vortex: (1) through the direct effect of buoyancy on hot air. (2) Core growth, which spreads the vortex's lateral spread with he...

Trombe photovoltaic wall is well known for its ability to supply the building with thermal and electrical energy at the same time. The increase in the temperature of the solar panels leads to a decrease in electrical efficiency. The use of DC fans and water as a medium for cooling the panels improved thermal and electrical efficiency and enhanced t...

The main disadvantage of photovoltaic panels is their low efficiency at high temperatures which engages the researchers to cool the solar panels and store the excess heat for use in times of need. One of the techniques used is the storage of excess heat from photovoltaic panels using phase change materials. This study investigates the performance o...

The Photovoltaic Trombe wall (PV/TW) is one of the systems that integrate PV modules with the walls of buildings to obtain a multi-purpose solar system. The objective of the current article is to study the influence of the cooling method of the PV module on the performance of the PV/TW system. Four operating cases of PV module cooling were tested:...

The target of the current study was to review and analyze the research activities of previous studies on cooling techniques for thermal photovoltaic (PV) systems using phase-change materials. These materials have the ability to absorb and release certain amounts of potential heat energy by changing their state from phase to phase (solid–liquid) wit...

Fuzzy logic has been used in many fields, either to control a specific movement, improve the productivity of a machine, or monitor the work of an electrical or mechanical system or the like. In this chapter, we will discuss what are the basic factors that must be taken to use the fuzzy logic in the aforementioned matters in general, and then focus...

The use of nanotechnology in the construction industry and building structures is one of the important topics of construction engineering today. This study aims to discover the effect of Nano-silica (SiO2) on concrete's mechanical and thermal properties, such as thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, and compressive stre...

A practical investigation was conducted to demonstrate the effect of a glass cover on the efficiency of the Photovoltaic/Trombe wall using Nano-fluid (water/Al2O3) as a coolant. Two concentrations of nan-particles (0.5% and 1%) were tested. Using the glass cover on the front of the modified Trombe wall causes an increase in the solar cell temperatu...

In most parts of the world. Thermal technologies are mainly relied upon to provide the heat needs of various household, residential and solar applications. This study reviews the thermal performance improvement processes of the most widely used low temperature solar collector (LTSCs) including flat plate collectors (FPCs), by reviewing problems and...

The efficiency of a PV plate is not more than 20% depending on its type, because more than 80% of the solar radiation falling on the PV panel is not converted into useful energy. In order to increase the PV efficiency, several studies have been conducted to convert it to a hybrid PVT system by adding a heat exchanger to its back surface. The presen...

In this review, a survey of previous studies has been conducted on the use of simulation software to evaluate the performance of spark igniting engines. Some of the gaps in the simulation software used by researchers requiring further research and consideration of their potential impact on the writing of the topic under discussion. The results of t...

A considerable quantity of waste energy in the exhaust system could be reutilized and added in a vehicle to run auxiliary systems, and contribute to improving the overall efficiency of the system. In the current work, a comparison between the conventional electrical grid and exhaust gas heating of an absorption refrigeration system was performed ex...

This article aims to propose and study a new system design for renewable energy called photovoltaic/ solar pond. This new system involves cooling the arrays of the photovoltaic/thermal collectors, which are installed beside the salinity gradient solar pond with a heat exchanger that is installed behind each solar cell. Thermal energy gained by the...

In the present paper, the study aims to raise the performance of the solar chimney system by integrating the technology of SC and solar cells forming a hybrid system to achieve the desired objective, which is to increase the development of electrical energy and raise the performance of the system, and to achieve this goal a model for the hybrid sol...

Hybrid solar collector (PV/T) is designed to produce electricity, hot water, or hot air at the same time as they operate solar cells and solar heaters in one system. This system is designed to increase the electrical efficiency of solar cells by absorbing heat from these cells. The fuzzy logic (FL) is a tool usually used to optimize the operation o...

Biogas is one of the sources of renewable energy because it works to get rid of animal and agricultural waste and turn it into an important source of energy, especially in remote areas. To produce this gas, laboratory units of 2 liter capacity were created from a process called anaerobic digestion. Also, two models (outside and inside the farms) we...

A numerical study is achieved on a new shape of temperature saver solar collector using an artificial neural network. The storage collector is a triangle face and a right triangle pyramid for the volumetric shape. It is obtained by cutting a cube from one upper corner at 45°, down to the opposite hypotenuse of the base of the cube. The numerical st...

An experimental study was performed to evaluate the effect of the nano-fluid on the performance of the PV/Trombe wall system under the dry hot weathers. Nano-fluid (Al2O3/water) was used as a working medium of the heat exchanger of the PV/TW. Two concentration of the nano-particles (0.1% and 0.5%) were considered for various coolant flow rates and...

The hybrid photoelectric thermal system faces an important problem of overheating of solar cells, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the hybrid Trombe wall. This study examines the possibility of improving the performance of the Trombe wall by cooling solar cells using water and air simultaneously. In addition, the effect of glass cover...

The system of the solar chimney is one of the most applications used to harness solar energy to generate electricity. The solar chimney system is characterized by low efficiency, which requires exploring ways to enhance systems productivity. Also, System performance has been improved through developing the overall efficiency of these systems using...

Fossil fuel is the main source for powering internal combustion engine in the existing design. Though different sources of renewable and alternative fuels were suggested, gasoline fuel still the dominant source for operating SI engine. In this study, a comparison has been conducted to evaluate the fuel properties and engine performance with commerc...

In this study, a comparison was made to evaluate fuel properties and engine performance when using local gasoline fuel MU0 with two types of commercial fuel optimizer. MU1 (1/200 addition ratio of commercial additive U1 with local gasoline MU0), and MU2 (1/100 addition ratio of commercial additive U2 with local gasoline MU0) was investigated in add...

Management of energy consumption for building’s air conditioning is a vital issue for resource saving and environmental protection. The use of solar energy to generate electricity by solar cells is essential nowadays. However, the disadvantage of solar panels is the elevated temperature in work, especially in the hot sunny climate that leads to eff...

Global energy demand for the future can be met using renewable energy resources, and one of its harvesting tools is the photovoltaic (PV) technology. The combination of solar cell technology and Trombe wall is one of the most important research topics at present. PV‐Trombe walls are receiving great attention because of their applications for simult...

This paper studies an improved design of a photovoltaic/Trombe wall (PV-TW) system. It was integrating a PV panel with a serpentine-shaped copper tube as the water heating component and a single pass air channel as the air heating component. In addition to the electricity generated this type of PV-TW system enables to supply both hot air and water,...

This study intends to develop a low cost, dependable, and efficient storage solar collector for household uses. This design is based on integrating solar cell technology and the solar storage collector into one system to achieve three objectives: water storage, electricity generation, and water heating. In this design, a solar cell was fixed on the...

In this article, a practical and numerical assessment was accomplished on a rectangular storage collector to be used for household purposes. This design can be utilized as a water reservoir to substitute the classical reservoirs generally utilized in Iraq to achieve two goals are heating and storing water together. The experiment shows that the max...

Abstract: The hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal systems are suffering from the low electrical performance as a result of elevated its temperature. Present work attempts to enhance the performance of a hybrid Photovoltaic/Trombe wall (PV/TW) system through employing a porous medium. In this article, the effect of porous medium, DC fan and glass cover on t...

The hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal systems are suffering from the low electrical performance as a result of elevated its temperature. Present work attempts to enhance the performance of a hybrid Photovoltaic/ Trombe wall (PV/TW) system through employing a porous medium. In this article, the effect of porous medium, DC fan and glass cover on the perfor...