Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo

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• Ph.D; AMRSC
• Senior Researcher at University of Turku

The treatment of diabetes involves the use of herbal plants, attracting interest in their cost-effectiveness and efficacy. An aqueous extract of Persea americana seeds (AEPAS) was explored in this study as a possible therapeutic agent in rats with diabetes mellitus. The induction of diabetes in the rats was achieved by injecting 65 mg/kg body weigh...

Background and objective Annona muricata L. peel has been recognized for many ethnobotanical uses, including diabetes management. However, limited detailed scientific information about its mechanism of antidiabetic activity exists. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic properties of an aqueous extract of A. muricata peel (AE...

Cadmium is a highly neurotoxic heavy metal that disrupts membranes and causes oxidative stress in the brain. The study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of gallic acid on oxidative damage in the brains of Wistar rats exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl2). Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of five rats each. Group 1 was admi...

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the chemical profile of GC-MS, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethyl acetate fraction of Spilanthes filicaulis leaves (EFSFL) via experimental and computational studies. Methods: After inducing oxidative damage with FeSO4, we treated the tissues with different concent...

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are prevalent ecological pollutants that interfere with hormonal systems and pose serious health risks to the public, especially during critical developmental windows. Well-known EDCs, such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, can alter gene regulation and induce epigenetic modifications that worsen reproductiv...

Schistosomiasis is a serious tropical disease that is undiagnosed (Neglected tropical disease-NTD). The only disease with a more detrimental socioeconomic impact than its causative agent is malaria. Over 250 million individuals are presently afflicted with Schistosomiasis haematobium, and an additional 779 million people are at risk of infection in...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the methanol extract and the identified constituents of Gossypium barbadense leaves' antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. The capacity of G. barbadense leaf methanol extract (GBME) to scavenge DPPH free radicals, lower ferric iron, and act as an iron chelator was assessed. FeSO4-caused oxidative pancr...

Objective: This study investigated the protective effects of flavonoid-rich extracts from Hibiscus sabdariffa leaves on testicular cumulative reproductive function biomarkers in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Rats were induced with 40 mg/kg body weight (bwt) STZ intraperitoneally (i.p.), after which they were administered eith...

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), diabetes, and chronic inflammation are growing health problems that often go unnoticed, yet they are closely linked. NAFLD occurs when fat builds up in the liver, and it is strongly connected to metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes. Over time, NAFLD can lead to insulin resistance, making diabetes...

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition which can result in severe long-term complications, and current treatments often have significant side effects. As a result, there is a growing interest in identifying novel α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors with improved safety profiles. Natural products have emerged as a promisin...

Our study examines the potential of flavonoid-rich extracts from avocado seeds (Persea americana) in combating Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes. The antidiabetic activity of the extracts was assessed via the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Additionally, their anti-Alzheimer properties were evaluated through their anti-cholinester...

Uterine fibroids (UF) are reproductive conditions that occur as tumors in the womb. It is a gynecological outgrowth of diverse sizes often allied with infertility risks that might require surgery to reduce the complication in the worst-case scenario in women. Recent studies have uncovered that estrogen can induce and facilitate other target pathway...

Women of reproductive age may be affected by uterine leiomyomas, sometimes referred to as fibroids, which are non-cancerous growths in the uterus. The cost, adverse effects, and occasionally ineffectiveness of the drugs now on the market are the issues with them. The use of medicinal herbs in the treatment of fibroids provides an efficient substitu...

Cannabichromene (CBC) is the third most abundant non-psychoactive cannabinoid found in Cannabis sativa. It is reported to be responsible for some effects in users, ranging from psychological, neurodevelopmental, teratogenic to reproductive toxicity. Consequently, experimental evaluation of the mechanism of action and interaction seemed paramount. T...

Cancer is characterized by unregulated cell proliferation, evasion of apoptosis, and a propensity for metastasis, making it a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Major challenges in cancer treatment include drug resistance and tumor heterogeneity, which hinder the clinical efficacy of existing therapies. To enhance treatment outcomes...

examines the complex interactions that occur between the metabolic processes linked to diabetes and the resulting changes in the genital and urinary tracts. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that affects several physiological systems, including the genital and urinary systems. Changes in the structure and function of the genitourinary system...

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been identified as a promising drug target for the development of diabetes medications via an inhibition mechanism. Using a computational approach, this study investigates the binding mechanism of lead optimized natural compounds from Allium sativum against the human PTP1B. The molecular docking, induced-...

Increasingly, people are turning to using medicinal plants to block particular enzymes in the body to treat various illnesses. Finding additional naturally occurring plant-based chemicals with enzyme-inhibitory qualities is therefore becoming more and more important, especially as they might have fewer side effects than some of the synthetic drugs...

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a non-communicable disease, describes a metabolic condition with multiple etiology including oxidative stress. Methanol extract of Triclisia subcordata leaf were subjected to in vitro antioxidant assays and antidiabetic assays. The phytoconstituents revealed through GC-MS analysis were docked against the target proteins α-am...

ABSTRACT The nutritional as well as beneficial effects of the Artocarpus communis seed on metabolic syndrome complications have not been studied. In this research, the aim was to investigate the nutritional and beneficial effects of Artocarpus communis seeds’ phytoconstituents on the p53 core, fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein and cy...

This study examines the nutritional composition, phytochemical profiling, and antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory potential of a methanolic extract of Spilanthes filicaulis leaves (MESFL) via in vitro, ex vivo, and in silico studies. In vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities were examined. In the ex vivo stud...

The methanol extracts of Brachiaria sabia, and Brachiaria marandu leaves were evaluated for its ability to scavenge free radicals, reduce ferric iron, and function as an iron chelator. The extracts were subjected to HPLC analysis. The two Brachiaria species possessed strong antioxidant activity, with B. marandu had a higher percentage (%) of phenol...

Natural dyes are becoming increasingly common for practical finishes that encourage an eco-friendly lifestyle. Natural dyes are renewable materials safe for the environment and do not cause toxicity, cancer, or allergic reactions. Transdermal Drug Delivery offers a pain-free method for delivering medication systemically by administering a drug form...

Objectives: This study investigated the potential ameliorative effects of Albizia ferruginea leaves on letrozole-induced PCOS in Wistar rats. Methods: PCOS was induced in 25 female Wistar rats by administering letrozole (1 mg/kg), followed by treatment with 100 and 250 mg/kg body weight A. ferruginea leaf methanolic extract, as well as 1 mg/kg body...

This study investigated the effects of flavonoid-rich extract from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) leaves on liver damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by evaluating various biochemical parameters, including the molecular gene expressions of Nrf-2 and HO-1 as well as histological parameters. The extract was found to significantly reduc...

This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of Petiveria alliacea root fractions and volatile oils against selected bacteria and fungi via in vitro and in silico approaches. Petivera allliaceae dried root methanol extract was partitioned into n-hexane and methanol fractions, while volatile oil was extracted using the Clevenger-type hyd...

The nutritional as well as beneficial effects of the Artocarpus communis seed on metabolic syndrome complications have not been studied. In this research, the aim was to investigate the nutritional composition and beneficia­ effects of Artocarpus communis seeds’ phytoconstituents on the p53 core, fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein and...

Beta vulgaris L. is a root vegetable that is consumed mainly as a food additive. This study aimed to describe the protective effect of B. vulgaris on Fe²⁺-mediated oxidative liver damage through in vitro, ex vivo, and in silico studies to establish a strong rationale for its protective effect. To induce oxidative damage, we incubated the livers of...

Background: Oxidative injury plays a pivotal impact in the development of human diseases, and it is a major component of the pathophysiology of several inflammation-linked human medical disorders. Objective: The focus of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and antioxidant potential of the fruit of Lagenaria breviflora (Benth.) Roberty (LB)....

Zinc is an essential trace element for human health and a healthy immune system. Zinc is essential for many biological processes in the human body, including cell division, proliferation, and apoptosis, impacting an organism’s ability to grow. When one examines bioinformatics studies that have identified around 3000 human proteins that are thought...

Infertility has become a significant health burden around the globe as it is believed that 15% of married couples struggle with infertility, with half of the problem accrued to the male. The issue of male infertility could be traced to insufficient or absence of spermatozoa. Glucose metabolism is essential for continued spermatogenesis and for the...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-associated neurodegenerative condition marked by amyloid plaques, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal loss. Besides conventional medical care, herbal therapies, both raw and refined, have attracted researchers for their potential therapeutic effects. As a proof-of-concept, our study combined HPLC-DAD analysis of bi...

Background Studies suggest that medicinal plant extracts can help reduce the neuron degeneration associated with diabetes. In this study, the neuroprotective effect of the alkaloid-rich extract from the leaves of Lannea egregia was assessed in rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods Lannea egregia alkaloid-rich analysis was car...

This study aims to synthesize (Z)-((dimethylcarbamothioyl) thio) ((1,1,1-trifluoro-4-oxo-4-phenylbut-2-en-2-yl) oxy) manganese hydrate (MnHCP) and investigate its antioxidant and antidiabetic activities via in vitro, ex vivo, and silico methods. MnHCP was synthesized via standard procedure. The complex was evaluated for its ability to scavenge free...

Background: Hippocratea velutina is a novel folk plant that is used for lowering blood glucose and is hence a potential source of new antidiabetic medication. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic and antidiabetic potential of the methanol extract of Hippocratea velutina leaves. Methods: The nutritional, elemental, and...

Research into the impacts of oxidative stress (OS), and hormonal balance on reproductive potential has increased over the last 40 years possibly due to rising male infertility. Decreased antioxidant levels and increased OS in tissues result from hormonal imbalance, which in turn leads to male infertility. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) gen...

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease that modifies the body’s glucose metabolism. Although glucose is a vital energy source for body cells, individuals with diabetes can either not use insulin efficiently or do not create enough of this hormone, which controls blood sugar. This review aimed to explore the multi-target treatment for diab...

Objectives: This study investigated the antidiabetic effects of the methanolic extract of E. africanum (MEEA) stem bark on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Wistar rats. Methods: The in vitro enzyme (α-amylase) inhibitory activity of MEEA was measured using a standard procedure. Diabetic rats with fasting blood glucose above...

Introduction: Some compounds like Opioids that are commonly used may affect the biological system in addition to having a high potential for addiction. Objective: This study assessed the effects of commonly misused substances on sperm quality and testicular function in Wistar rats. Material and Methods: Twenty-five Wistar rats weighing an average of...

To prevent and treat cancer, this review aims to assess the goals, mechanisms, and advantages of altered diets and physical exercise. A comprehensive examination of scholarly publications from various databases, including Springer, Scopus, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Wiley, Web of Science, PubMed, and Taylor & Francis, was the method utilized to obta...

Background Spilanthes filicaulis (Schumach. & Thonn.) C. D Adam is a shrubby plant of the Asteraceae family that has medicinal benefits for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Spilanthes filicaulis leaf extract in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model and the associate...

This study explored the flavonoid-rich extract of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dual therapy by using in vitro and molecular simulation studies. Flavonoid-rich extracts of B. vulgaris fruit were evaluated for their antidiabetic and anti-alzheimic activities. Molecular docking and dynamic...

Background Varicocele is known to be a condition involving the impairment of spermatogenesis, thereby leading to low sperm production and decreased sperm quality and ultimately one of the major cause of male infertility. Melatonin has shown to directly neutralize a number of free radicals responsible for toxicity in the cell. Purpose Therefore, th...

Objective This study was designed to investigate the nephroprotective effect and mechanism of action of a methanolic extract of Petiveria alliacea leaves (MEPAL) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats. Methods Twenty-five Wistar rats were randomly distributed into five groups. Type-2 diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal inj...

The effects of N'-(2,6-dimethoxybenzylidene)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) acrylohydrazide (KAD 9) on iron-induced cardiac injury was investigated. Evaluations of the iron chelating capability, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), as well as DPPH free radical scavenging activity of KAD 9 were performed. The oxidative cardiac injury induced by 0.1 mM FeS...

The effects of triazole and its derivatives as anti-angiotensin converting enzyme activity were investigated using combined computational approach. This work is directed at examining the anti-angiotensin converting enzyme activity of the studied triazole derivatives via density functional theory and molecular modeling studies using in silico approa...

Background: Herbal extracts are an effective treatment for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and have been shown to improve insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, sex hormones, ovulation, and PCOS symptoms. Artocarpus communis seed's potential effects on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have not been studied. Purpose: This research aims to investig...

Diabetes is a group of medical conditions characterized by the body’s inability to effectively control blood glucose levels, due to either insufficient insulin synthesis in type 1 diabetes or inadequate insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. According to this research, the PI3K/AKT pathway of Ocimum gratissimum leaf flavonoid-rich extracts in stre...

Background and objective Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a complex type of diabetes. The underlying cause of diabetic nephropathy remains unclear and may be due to a variety of pathological conditions resulting in kidney failure. This study examines the protective effect of the methanolic extract of Spilanthes filicaulis leaves (MESFL) in fructose-fed...

Human infertility can arise from various factors including oxidative stress and endocrine disruptors. This study evaluated the protective effects of Allium cepa-fortified feed on testicular function alterations caused by oxidative damage by KBrO3. HPLC-characterized compounds of Allium cepa were docked against androgen receptor protein (2PIP). Thir...

Insufficiencies in insulin secretion and/or action cause diabetes mellitus (DM), a complex condition characterized by abnormal blood glucose levels. Diabetes is often treated by modifying either glucose metabolism, lipids metabolism, or both. A direct correlation has been found between high levels of lipid peroxide in individuals with diabetes and...

The mitophagy process, a type of macroautophagy, is the targeted removal of mitochondria. It is a type of autophagy exclusive to mitochondria, as the process removes defective mitochondria one by one. Mitophagy serves as an additional level of quality control by using autophagy to remove superfluous mitochondria or mitochondria that are irreparably...

Various derivatives of cinnamic acid have been reported to possess significant activities such as antioxidant and hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. Interestingly, testicular toxicity has been linked to several causes, with oxidative damage being one of the pathophysiological mechanisms. 3-(4-methoxyphenyl) acrylic acid (1), a deriva...

Background This study aimed to investigate the potential cardioprotective effects of flavonoid-rich extracts from Ocimum gratissimum leaves in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model by assessing redox stress biomarkers, ATPase activities, gene expression levels, enzyme activities, and histopathological changes. Methods Diabetic rats were admi...

Purpose: To investigate the effect of derivatives of cinnamic acid on the proliferation of CHO-1 and HeLa cell lines. Methods: Three Acrylohydrazones (7–9) derived from cinnamic acid hydrazides (6) as well as five cinnamic acid derivatives were studied in the current study (1–5). All the synthesized compounds were characterized by physical and spec...

There are various derivatives of cinnamic acid with pharmacological significance. Sodium 3-phenylpropanoate (KAD 1), a derivative of cinnamic acid, has also been synthesized and it is important to investigate its effects on iron-induced testicular injury in an ex vivo study. Evaluations were done on KAD 1’s l, l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) fre...

Promoting the intake of foods rich in vitamin A is key to combating the increase in vitamin A deficiency. This research focused on the utilization of orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (a tuber-based food), cowpea (a pulse), and ripe bananas (a fruit) for the production of flour mix as a means to reduce Vitamin A deficiency in children. Different ratios...

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine illness that affects 5-10% of reproductive women globally. It is a multifaceted hormonal disorder characterized by the involvement of numerous molecular mechanisms that contribute to its development. This study investigates the effect of Artocarpus communis seed on the hormonal imbalance a...

Hyperandrogenism and menstruation difficulties are the hallmarks of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), a disorder affecting women in their reproductive years. The purpose of this study is to determine if Pentaclethra macrophylla leaf extract is beneficial in treating letrozole-induced PCOS rats. To ascertain the antioxidant characteristics of the...

Exposure to the herbicide atrazine has been shown to have deleterious effects on human and animal reproduction. To determine whether atrazine influences the brain‐pituitary‐testicular axis directly or indirectly, the present study examined the toxic effects of atrazine on fertility potential by assessing gonadal hormones, testicular function indice...

The emergence of varying levels of resistance to currently available antimalarial drugs significantly threatens global health. This factor heightens the urgency to explore bioactive compounds from natural products with a view to discovering and developing newer antimalarial drugs with novel mode of actions. Therefore, we evaluated the inhibitory ef...

This study aimed to examine the therapeutic activity of the cinnamic acid derivative KAD-7 (N′-(2,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) acrylohydrazide) on Fe²⁺-induced oxidative hepatic injury via experimental and computational models. In addition, the role of ATPase and ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (ENTPDase) in the coordin...

Background: Alstonia boonei, belonging to the family Apocynaceae, is one of the best-known medicinal plants in Africa and Asia. Stem back preparations are traditionally used as muscle relaxants. This study investigated the antispasmodic properties of Alstonia boonei Stem back and its constituents. Method: The freeze-dried aqueous Stem back extract...

A growing interest in the medicinal values of foods can be assessed by the rapidity of research publications on foods that exert health benefits. Many foods that are of health benefit to humans, irrespective of their origin (plants, animals) and subjected level of processing (fermentation, cooking, warming, freezing, vacuumpackaging), are variously...

Garcinia species (G. indica, G. cambogia, G. kola and G. mangostana) represent some of the most sought-after herbs globally due to their impressive medicinal qualities, hence the ever-growing interest of researchers into these plants. In this study, an extensive bibliometric analysis of the available research outputs on the widely-known Garcinia sp...

This study investigated the constituent elements present in three Bracharia grasses and milk samples from the Bowen Dairy cows. Bracharia grasses and milk samples were subjected to Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) for determination of K, Ca, Na, Mn, Fe, Cd and Cu, and in vitro antioxidant activities. Levels of K, Ca and Na in both fresh and ste...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of Beta vulgaris leaf extract (BVLE) on Fe2+-induced oxidative testicular damage via experimental and computational models. Oxidative testicular damage was induced via incubation of testicular tissue supernatant with 0.1 mM FeSO4 for 30 min at 37 °C. Treatment was achieved by incuba...

In Nigeria, the use of microorganisms for food product modulation, development, and commercialization through biotechnological innovations remains unexplored and unaccepted. The microbiome-based sustainable innovation in the production process of Nigerian indigenous food requires a vigorous drive toward responsible consumption and production. The p...

Carica papaya L. is a plant that has a reputation for being antidiabetic. This review is focused on antidiabetic properties of Carica papaya. A comprehensive search was performed using various electronic databases including Researchgate, PubMed, Google Scholar, Biomedgrid.com and ScienceDirect. 224 publications were downloaded, out of which one 107...

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels and a range of other symptoms that last for a long period of time. It has a rapid prevalence globally, and there is a possibility of the statistic doubling in a few years. This review is aimed at evaluating the mechanism, pathophysiology, and pharmacology of diabete...

This study is aimed at evaluating the anti-proliferative activity of a novel hydroxyflavone isolated for the first time from Kigelia africana fruit, against cervical cancer (HeLa) and tumorigenic (CHO-1) cells, and understanding the molecular interaction of the compound against p53 protein target. Compound 1 was isolated and characterization was do...

Traditionally, Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii has been reported for its ability to treat diabetes; however, the stem bark of the plant has not been scientifically exploited for its antidiabetic activity. The study aims to investigate the effect of the antidiabetic properties of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii stem extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic...

Background: Cannabis and cannabinoids affect almost every system of the body and exert systemic effects such as alterations in memory and cognitive functions, neurotransmission impediment, as well as obstruction of endocrine and reproductive system functions. Reproduction is a complicated phenomenon that integrates biological, psychological and be...

This review aims to highlight the ethnobotanical use and elaborate on the pharmacological activities of Cissus populnea. C.populnea is a medicinal plant widely distributed throughout Africa. Some parts of the plant have been reported traditionally as a therapeutic option. The plant has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of venereal...

According to the literature, approximately 32% of adult males in developing countries suffer from infertility, however, majority of them use herbal remedies with reported benefits such as improved sperm quality, sexual functions, libido and testosterone levels. Recently, the World Health Organization emphasized the importance of documenting acti...