Olubunmi Gabriel Fasanmi

• DVM MVPh PhD
• Lecturer/Researcher at Federal College of Animal Health & Production Technology

Non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) is significant and an economic burden in Nigeria. To determine whether investment in NTS control is economically justifiable, Outbreak Costing Tool (OCT) was used to estimate the robust funding of public and animal health systems for epidemio-surveillance and control of multisectoral NTS outbreaks in Nigeria. Healt...

Background Non-typhoidal Salmonella infection (NTS) is an important foodborne zoonosis with underappreciated health and economic burdens, and low case fatality. It has global prevalence, with more burdens in under-resourced countries with poor health infrastructures. Using a cohort study, we determined the cost-effectiveness of NTS in humans in Nig...

This study investigated various qualitative and quantitative indices of antimicrobial use (AMU) in companion animals (CAs) at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH-A) and its annex (VTH- B) from 2019 to 2021. For 694 documented animals, antimicrobial administrations (AADs) were 5, 278 times, of which 98.8% (5217) and 1.2% (61) were in dogs and cats r...

Carcass and products derived from any abattoir are declared safe and fit for human consumption only if the maximum bacterial contamination limit is not exceeded. This study was designed to compare the level of bacterial contamination at different points of Akinyele Central Abattoir, Oyo State. Samples were collected from the drains, floors, walls,...

The quality of day-old chicks determines the foundation and performance of a flock on the farm. This study randomly selected five-day-old chicks from 8 commercial hatcheries within the Ibadan metropolis to assess the quality of day-old broilers and pullets produced. The chicks were subjected to physical examination and microbial screening. Physical...

This study investigated various qualitative and quantitative indices of antimicrobial use in companion animals at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH-A) and its annex (VTH- B) from 2019-2021. Antimicrobial administrations (AADs) for documented 694 animals was 5, 278 of which 98.8% (5217) and 1.2% (61) were in dogs and cats respectively. At the VTH-...

Live bird markets (LBM) remain a critical link from farm to fork in the poultry value chain, which oftentimes promotes indiscriminate antimicrobial use (AMU) and resistance (AMR). In this study, we assessed biosecurity practices, AMU, and associated these with multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli in LBMs in Abeokuta, Ogun State. A cross-sectional surv...

The manner in which dry meat is prepared in under developed countries is highly unhygienic. Preserved meats (kundi and ponmo) were obtained from three food markets in Ibadan and were properly labelled. Samples cut into 50 grams were taken to the laboratory and soaked for 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours. Water used for soaking and homogenised meat samples...

This study was conducted to compare two culture methods for the isolation of Campylobacter spp from commercial layer chickens and subsequently confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction assays (PCR). Furthermore, the antimicrobial resistance profiles of PCR positive Campylobacter isolates were determined.Cloacal swab samples (550) from chickens randoml...

Objectives One Health is transiting from multidisciplinary to transdisciplinary concepts and its viewpoints should move from ‘proxy for zoonoses’, to include other topics (climate change, nutrition and food safety, policy and planning, welfare and well-being, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), vector-borne diseases, toxicosis and pesticides issues) an...

Understanding hazards within the veterinary profession is critical for developing strategies to ensure the health and safety of personnel in the work environment. This study was conducted to systematically review and synthesize data on reported risks within veterinary workplaces. A systematic review of published data on occupational hazards and ass...

Outbreaks of avian influenza H5N1 in poultry occurred in Africa’s poultry and 16 countries have reported human infections globally. Intensified human-animal interactions necessitate correct communication of health messages to reduce zoonotic infection. This work was done to determine differences between pictorial and literal health education commun...

A detailed desk review of available literature, expert opinions surveys, limited interviews and wider consultations with selected One Health stakeholders in Africa and those outside Africa who have impacted One Health in Africa were conducted. Specifically, all available information on One Health related to Africa was searched for in global peer-re...

In African countries, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) issue remains pertinent. Despite this, little efforts have been made to assess the future veterinary prescribers on their knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to antimicrobial usage. This multi-country survey attempts to explore the KAP of future veterinarians on stewardship of antimi...

An evaluation of emerging issues in One Health (OH) in Sub-Saharan Africa was undertaken to map the existing OH initiatives in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Desk review, expert opinions survey, limited interviews and wider consultations with selected OH stakeholders were conducted. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to OH i...

Objective: Understanding hazards within the veterinary profession is critical for developing strategies to ensure health and safety in the work environment. This study was conducted to systematically review and synthesize data on reported risks within veterinary workplaces. Methods: A systematic review of published data reporting occupational hazar...

Veterinary practices or activities expose professionals, including students, to hazards associated with animal contact. To describe workplace health and safety status, and risk factors associated with hazards among veterinary clinical students in South-western, Nigeria; a cross-sectional survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. D...

Introduction Because of the nature of work conducted in veterinary laboratories and potential exposures to pathogenic microorganisms, good laboratory practices, risk assessments, biosafety, and biosecurity capacity is becoming vital. In this study, the Food and Agriculture Organization Laboratory Mapping Tool–Safety Module was applied to demonstrat...

AbstractPoultry production is important in Nigeria and other developing economies, mainly because it provides much-needed employment and is crucial for food security. The Nigerian broiler production system is relatively disorganized and its structures are relatively undefined due to a dearth of information. Broiler industry’s development depends on...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in humans has been linked to non-judicious antimicrobial use (AMU) in food animals. To develop antimicrobial stewardship plans (AMSPs) for pig farmers, there is the need to understand the current status of AMU and the driving factors in the industry. Data on AMU, farmers’ perceptions of associated drivers, and biosecu...

Antimicrobials (AM) are used for growth promotion and therapy in pig production. Its misuse has led to the development of resistant organisms. We evaluated Escherichia coli virulence genes, and compared phenotypic–genotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of faecal E. coli from pigs receiving routine farm treatment without antimicrobial age...

Understanding the knowledge and perceptions of veterinary students of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as potential future prescribers of antimicrobials may serve as an opportunity to improve stewardship of AMR. Pre-final (n = 42) and final (n = 29) year veterinary students of the University of Pretoria completed questionnaires to determine their kno...

Salmonella is among the pathogens on the high global priority lists for monitoring for studies on the discovery of new antimicrobials and understanding of how antimicrobial resistance (AMR) develops. AMR in connection with antibiotic usage patterns has been considered as a strong factor and contributor to the AMR pool. The purposes of use, pattern...

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different Marshal breed broiler on hatching egg weights on hatching characteristics and post-hatch performances; and also to compare the cost of production of hatchlings to table size. A total of 900 hatching eggs (HE) from 40 weeks old parent stock were sorted, graded and purposively grouped on we...

Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases (ErEIDs) and antimicrobial resistant pathogens will continue to challenge global public and animal health and will need concerted efforts to combat. Africa will need to prioritize rapid detection, prompt response to ErEIDs, optimize the benefit of geospatial epidemiology in policy decisions and utilize in...

Avoiding meat contamination at slaughterhouses is crucial for food safety; consumers’ awareness and concern for the type of food they eat has attracted global attention and redirected research interests towards food safety. The practical hygiene in the slaughterhouse operations play key role in the safety and wholesomeness of meat. A cross sectiona...

We conducted benefit-cost analysis of outbreak and surveillance costs for HPAI H5N1in poultry in Nigeria. Poultry's death directly cost US$ 939,734.0 due to outbreaks. The integrated disease surveillance and response originally created for comprehensive surveillance and laboratory investigation of human diseases was adapted for HPAI H5N1 in poultry...

Background: Influenza infection remains a major health threat for animals and humans which crucially requires effective antiviral remedies. The usage of herbal medications as readily available alternatives for their compatibility with the body and fewer side effects compared to synthetic chemical treatments has become popular globally. The aim of...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes neonatal and post-weaning diarrhea in pigs. In order to determine the risk factors, rectal/fecal swabs and visceral organs obtained from pig farms in two regions of South Africa were analyzed microbiologically against risk variables. Seventy-two percent of young pigs were found to be positive for ETEC...

Abattoirs are major sources of valuable information for animal disease outbreaks, but also an environment for transmission of meat-borne zoonoses, which may constitute a major threat to public health and food safety. This study aims to identify common abattoir zoonoses, the geographic distribution and the risk factors predisposing to their spread a...

Typhoidal and non-typhoidal salmonellosis have emerged as prominent causes of bloodstream infection in Africa with high fatalities up to 47%. The transmission routes of typhoidal and reservoir hosts of non-typhoidal Salmonella are not fully understood in Africa. Diverse challenges with in-country peculiarities create a thriving condition for salmon...

Keywords: Haematology Morbilli virus Peste des petit ruminant Post exposure Serum biochemistry West African dwarf goat a b s t r a c t This study utilised epidemiological, haematological, pathological findings and serological detection of specific antibodies to evaluate and confirm a peste des petit ruminants (PPR) outbreak in a herd of west Africa...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 was first officially reported in Africa in 2006; thereafter this virus has spread rapidly from Nigeria to 11 other African countries. This study was aimed at utilizing data from confirmed laboratory reports to carry out a qualitative evaluation of the factors responsible for HPAI H5N1 persistence...

Slaughterhouses are key locations where contamination occurs along the processing chain of redmeat. Bearing in mind that there are high levels of zoonotic and food-borne diseases in Nigeria, asearch was conducted, with the exploration and filtration of databases and repositories of GoogleScholars, African Journal Online, PubMed and ResearchGate, fo...

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza is an emerging zoonotic infection with wide host range, including man, it has affected twelve countries in Africa but endemic in Egypt; Nigeria and others have had infections and re-infections. Due to its zoonotic and re-assortment potential HPAI H5N1 remains a major threat to human health. Household poultry (HHP)...

South African pig sector is a contributor to the agricultural industry. A study was conducted to identify the production constraints and compare the management practices in smallholder pig farms in Mpumalanga, South Africa. A total of 220 selected smallholder pig farmers were interviewed. Smallholder pig farming was predominated by male (64 %), age...

Performance and productivity in the poultry industry lately is predicated on the use of antimicrobials, which has led to various negative impacts; among which include the emergence of a variety of pathogens and bacterial resistance including salmonella sp. This study was designed to investigate periodic evaluation of the protective properties of pr...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the H5N1 subtype has been enzootic in the Egyptian poultry with significant human infections since 2008. This work evaluates the epidemiological and virological information from February 2006 to May 2015 in spatial and temporal terms. Only data with confirmed HPAI H5N1 sub-type were collected, and m...

Live bird market (LBM) is integral component in the perpetuation of HPAI H5N1, while biosecurity is crucial and key to the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Biosecurity compliance level and risk factor assessments in 155 LBMs was evaluated in Nigeria and Egypt through the administration of a 68-item biosecurity checklist, scored based...

In Egypt, ducks kept for commercial purposes constitute the second highest poultry population, at 150 million ducks/year. Hence, ducks play an important role in the introduction and transmission of avian influenza (AI) in the Egyptian poultry population. Attempts to control outbreaks include the use of vaccines, which have varying levels of efficac...

Weekly mean HI titres (log2 ± SD) measured using (A/chicken/Egypt/Q1995D/2010) V/H5N1/Ag that indicates the immune response to the KV-H5 vaccination. S2 Table legend: Different upper case letters in a row denote the presence of statistically significant (p ≤0.05) differences. *Group 1 (vaccinated with rHVT-H5 vaccine at 1 day old), Group II (vaccin...

Weekly mean HI titres (log2 ± SD) measured using (A/chicken/Egypt/128S/2012) C/H5N1/Ag that indicates the immune response to the challenge virus. S3 Table legend: Different upper case letters in a row denote the presence of statistically significant (p ≤0.05) differences. *Group 1 (vaccinated with rHVT-H5 vaccine at 1 day old), Group II (vaccinated...

Weekly mean HI titres (log2 ± SD) using A/Swan/Hungary/4999/2006) rHVT/Ag that indicate the immune response to the rHVT-H5 vaccination. S1 Table legend: Different upper case letters in a row denote the presence of statistically significant (p ≤0.05) differences. *Group I (vaccinated with rHVT-H5 vaccine at 1 day old), Group II (vaccinated with inac...

From 2003 to date (2015), confirmed highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks in poultry and humans have been reported, however, certain quantitative parameters remain lacking. We obtained 846 reports of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in poultry in Africa (2006–2015), and 844 reports in humans globally (2003–2015) from different databases. Data...

The problems of salmonella zoonosis and antibiotic resistance leading to drop in productivity and performance in poultry and the negative effects on public health is persistent especially in third world countries. This study was designed to evaluate the performance and physiological responses of Salmonella enteritidis challenged broilers fed diets...

From 2003 to date (2015), confirmed highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks in poultry and humans have been reported, however, certain quantitative parameters remain lacking. We obtained 846 reports of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in poultry in Africa (2006-2015), and 844 reports in humans globally (2003-2015) from different databases. Data...

One thousand 53 weeks old heat stressed dominant black hens at 82% egg production were allotted into four treatment groups and used to determine the effects of ventilation and modified Layer's mash (MLM) on productive and physiological parameters. Treatment 1 (T1) are birds housed with fan and fed layers mash. Treatment 2 (T2) are birds fed MLM wit...

The effects of Aromabiotic® and Neobacin® were evaluated and compared on the performance characteristics, haematology and serum biochemistry of finisher broilers. 180 Marshal broilers at 4weeks were allotted into 5 treatments; T1 (control), T2 (60g aromabiotic/20kg feed), T3 (120g aromabiotic/20kg feed), T4 (4g neobacin/20kg feed) and T5 (8g neobac...

This study investigated the prevalence of bovine Trypanosomosis in three farms in Iddo Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. Blood samples were obtained from 320 cattle of 3 different breeds (55 Muturu, 65 Sokoto Gudali and 200 White Fulani), using standard field and laboratory techniques. 15 cattle representing an infection prevalence of 4....

The study was carried out to determine the therapeutic effects of different dosages of Calcium Gluconate (CG) on % egg production response, haematological and serum biochemical indices of three hundred Dominant Black CLF Layers in an intensive management system. Birds were allotted at 31wks of age into four treatments (T 0 , T 1 , T 2 and T 3) and...

Poultry production is a growing business sector worldwide, owing partly to its profitability and partly to being a ready and affordable source of protein requirement for man. A major problem facing poultry is disease, a state of ill health that could lead to death or poor level of performance of the affected poultry. The scope of this paper, theref...

Twenty four (24) cross breed grower gilts (Largewhite X Duroc) of 60-65 days old with an average weight of 20.73+0.173 kg were randomly assigned to four treatments of T1 (40% maize diet and 0% cassava peels (CP)), T2 (20% maize and 20% CP), T3 (10% maize and 30% CP) and T4 (0% maize and 40% CP) in a completely randomized design. Each treatment was...

The phytobiotic effects of feed-grade and liquid Oregostim were evaluated and compared on the performance characteristics, haematology and serum biochemistry of finisher broilers. 180 Marshal Broilers at 4wks were allotted into three treatments, T 0 (control), T 1 (3g/10kg feed-grade) and T 2 (3ml/10ltrs liquid), each was replicated thrice, with ea...

An electric powered incubator using a forced draft principle was developed using the available local materials and it was tested with hatchable hen egg. The aim was to produce a low cost incubator and increase the production of day old chicks for small and medium scale poultry farmers. The incubator has the hatching capacity of 540 eggs. Factors th...

Tables used to display meat for sale in nine different markets in Ibadan Metropolis were microbiologically examined for their implication on meat hygiene. Twenty seven strains of bacteria and eight strains of fungi were isolated and identified. They were identified on the basis of metabolic and physiological features while simple crystal violet sta...

The ameliorative effect of a combined regime of vitamins A and E on fertility and hatchability was investigated in Anak 2000 breeders. Vitamin A and E individually administered at a dose rate of 0.125 ml/kg body weight intramuscularly produced an improvement in hatchability, fertility, and sperm quality. The percentage fertility (46%) and hatchabil...