Olivier Torrès

• Université de Montpellier

Background Entrepreneurs often experience high levels of stress, anxiety, and burnout due to the demanding nature of their professional activities. Therefore, recovery from work-related stress is a relevant activity for entrepreneurs. The Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) is a widely used 16-item self-reported measure covering four recovery f...

Small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) owners are at an increased risk of mental disorders in addition to stress directly related to their business performance. However, steps to protect SME owners’ mental health are lacking, and no occupational stress scale has been developed to accurately understand the real-world situation. Based on a nationwid...

Although traditionally seen as antinomic to work, play has always existed in work organizations. Recently, as organizations increasingly and openly embrace play, research indicates the positive effects of play, such as on employees’ well-being, attitude to work, and creativity. However, the difficulty in conceptualizing the different types of play...

How can entrepreneurs protect their wellbeing during a crisis? Does engaging agility (namely, opportunity agility and planning agility) in response to adversity help entrepreneurs safeguard their wellbeing? Activated by adversity, agility may function as a specific resilience mechanism enabling positive adaption to crisis. We studied 3,162 entrepre...

Technostress is an important by-product of information and communication technologies (ICT). The technostress literature suggests focusing on specific dimensions of technostress, such as techno-overload, which describes when ICT usage demands to work faster and longer. However, only a few studies have dealt with the technostress of small business o...

Ce rapport marque le retour de la France au sein du Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Le LabEx Entreprendre a été retenu pour mener les études annuelles sur l’activité entrepreneuriale auprès de la population française de 18 à 64 ans (Étude APS) et sur l’écosystème entrepreneurial auprès d’un panel d’experts (Étude NES). Ces deux études réalis...

Background During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, governments imposed numerous regulations to protect public health, particularly the (mandatory) use of face masks. However, the appropriateness and effectiveness of face mask regulations have been widely discussed, as is apparent from the divergent measures taken across and within countries over time, i...

online supplement file for Stephan, U., Zbierowski, P., Pérez-Luño, A., Wach, D., Wiklund, J., Alba Cabañas, M., Barki, E., Benzari, A., Bernhard-Oettel, C., Boekhorst, J.A., Dash, A., Efendic, A., Eib, C., Hanard, P.-J., Iakovleva, T., Kawakatsu, S., Khalid, S., Leatherbee, M., Li, J., Parker, S.K., Qu, J., Rosati, F., Sahasranamam, S., Sekiguchi...

The COVID-19 crisis presents manifest threats for entrepreneurs since their business survival is often directly at stake given the alarming economic downturn. This existential threat, together with their crucial role in the economy, is the reason for the plethora of public financial support schemes being implemented throughout the entire world. How...

Basé sur une étude de cas multiples, cet article porte sur le suicide des dirigeants de PME, un sujet tabou et quasi inexploré par les spécialistes de la PME et de l’entrepreneuriat. Plus précisément, il tente de comprendre le sens et les causes du geste suicidaire chez les dirigeants d’entreprise en mobilisant un double cadre d’analyse : la typolo...

En utilisant l’échelle BMS-10 (burnout measure short, version composée de dix éléments) mesurant le burnout, il est montré que son niveau a augmenté et sa composition a changé chez les dirigeants propriétaires de PME françaises pendant la pandémie de Covid-19. Sept échantillons indépendants de propriétaires de petites entreprises collectés sur une...

Widespread attention is being paid to the alleged rise of narcissism in people in general and business leaders in particular. Surprisingly, hardly any studies have focused on the link between narcissism and entrepreneurship. Using self-reported data from 4798 respondents from three countries, we explore the associations between trait narcissism and...

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs including the selfemployed) account for 90% of businesses globally and provide 70% of employment worldwide. These businesses, typically entrepreneur led, are threatened by the Covid-19 pandemic, meaning that millions of jobs are at risk. This report presents insights from a global study conducted during the...

During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, governments set recommendations and restrictions that have given rise to new situations that require residents to deliberate and respond nonautomatically. For highly impulsive individuals, dealing with these situations may be harder, as they tend to deliberate less about the consequences of their behaviors. In thi...

Prevailing research on individuals’ compliance with public health related behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic tends to study composite measures of multiple types of behaviours, without distinguishing between different types of behaviours. However, measures taken by governments involve adjustments concerning a range of different daily behaviours...

Several studies have observed a relationship between (subclinical levels of) attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and entrepreneurship. Recently, Yu et al. (Entrep Theory Pract https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258719892987, 2019) and Wismans et al. (Appl Psychol 69:1093–1112 https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12247, 2020) observed a positive associ...

There is a small body of literature linking attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its symptoms to entrepreneurial manifestations. Some studies take a subclinical perspective by studying the presence of symptoms, while other studies take a clinical perspective by studying the formal diagnosis of ADHD. The entrepreneurial manifestations...

Le burnout des chefs d’entreprise a rarement fait l’objet de recherche. Pourtant, les conséquences du burnout sont amplifiées du fait de leur position centrale dans les PME. Afin de prévenir le risque de burnout , les auteurs recommandent de commencer par dépister le niveau d’épuisement, premier stade du processus du burnout . Fondé sur un long pro...

In this paper, we build on the allostatic load model, developed in stress research, to explore the impact of entrepreneurs’ overall justice perceptions on emotional exhaustion and firm performance. Results revealed that the relationship between overall justice and emotional exhaustion was mediated by rumination about work. Further, building on rece...

The present article identifies a societal and scholarly neglect for the field of small business ownership and health. We address health capital and its spillover effects and briefly outline a research program discriminating between pathogenic (negative for health) and salutogenic (positive for health) effects for a small business owner’s working li...

Overconfidence is one of the alleged drivers for market entry. However, establishing its effect is challenging and much of the existing entrepreneurship literature confusingly conflates overconfidence with optimism. In the present study, we use validated scales to analyze the relationship between overconfidence and two important aspects of entrepre...

Entrepreneurial activity leads to certain events that can impact both the equilibrium of a small business and that of its owner-manager. Although the health of the owner-manager is a key asset for a small organisation, the characteristics of the events he experiences and his psychological reaction to these episodes remain underexplored. This paper...

Dans une approche multicritères du risque en PME, la santé du chef d’entreprise est rarement abordée. Or, plus l’entreprise est petite, plus son équilibre apparaît lié à celui de son dirigeant. La littérature demeure en particulier exsangue sur les facteurs de risques psychosociaux propres aux travailleurs non subordonnés, les principaux modèles ex...

PurposeEntrepreneurial activity is particularly rich in affective events, but these affective events are still underexplored compared to salaried work. Nevertheless, in small organizations, the running of the whole business may easily be impacted by the owner’s negative experiences. Methodology/approachTo characterize these emotional lows, we under...

The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of occupational stress in small-to-medium enterprise (SMEs) owner-managers by delving further into individual and contextual factors that make them vulnerable to burnout. From a relational perspective, the authors propose that job stressors related to SME management can predict burnout throug...

This study investigates the link between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and entrepreneurial orientation (EO). EO is known to be a crucial factor for small firm survival and growth, conceptualised as a business characteristic but influenced by the personality of the small business owner and measured at her individual level....

This study contributes to justice theory by exploring the antecedents of justice enactment and its consequences for the well-being of justice actors. Building on deontic justice and ego depletion theory, we suggest justice enactment triggers negative ego depletion effects, and, simultaneously, positive deontic effects. The relative strength of thes...

Determinants of small-firm performance represent a central topic in the entrepreneurship literature. Addressing associations among personal traits, entrepreneurial orientation (EO), and small-firm performance, we develop a model to examine how an entrepreneur's creativity, self-efficacy, and EO affect small-firm performance. The hypotheses are test...

Kirzner (1979) defined entrepreneurial alertness as the ability of an individual to identify opportunities over-looked by others. Many questions arise regarding potential antecedents of entrepreneurial alertness and Kir-zner explicitly indicates that the antecedents of this concept remain unclear (Valliere, 2013; Kirzner, 2008; Yu, 2001). In order...

Nos remerciements aux Editions Armand Colin qui nous ont donné l'autorisation de mettre en ligne le chapitre 1 de cet ouvrage : http://hal-ensmp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00848200

Of all the decisions that managers of SME have to make, laying off someone is the most difficult as well as the hardest to live with. Layoffs are often seen as a personal failure with mental and psychological consequences that can be disastrous for both the person laid off and the employer responsible. Curiously, the suffering experienced by the em...

La loi proxemique se definit comme etant une tendance naturelle de l’homme a privilegier ce qui est proche de lui au detriment de ce qui s’en eloigne. Appliquee en sciences de gestion, c’est dans le management des entreprises de petite taille que cette loi trouve sa plus grande pertinence. L’objet de cet article est de montrer dans quelle mesure la...

The number of suicides per year has surpassed 30,000 over the past decade in Japan. Poormental health constitutes the main cause of suicides, which trigger remarkable social losses. This paper reviews measures in support of mental health from the viewpoint of risk management. It introduces a new aspect into the previous studies on mental health, wh...

European cities entrepreneurship ranking. Method, results and assessment In a context of growing competition between territories, several cities wonder how the decline of traditional industries can be compensated by the development of new and innovative firms. In order to implement performing policies aiming at promoting entrepreneurship, cities do...

The aim of this research was to study the effect of internationalisation on the competitive strategies of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). An empirical study, based on the 'strategic fit' theory, was conducted on a sample of 59 SMEs. It revealed that international SMEs are significantly different from regional SMEs in terms of a number o...

Les très petites entreprises (TPE) forment la majeure partie du tissu économique, pourtant, les recherches portant spécifiquement sur elles demeurent peu fréquentes. Ce livre est le premier ouvrage en France exclusivement consacré au management des TPE. R

Résumé Les travaux concernant les PME suggèrent une spécificité induisant des modalités de gestion particulières des entreprises de petite dimension. Toutefois, sur quels ressorts repose cette spécificité ? La thèse défendue sera que la spécificité de la gestion des PME est la proximité. De nombreuses études ont démontré la préférence des PME, par...

Although the wine-producing profession gradually came round to the project, there was still opposition from other quarters. The Mayor of Aniane’s communication errors were the start of a heterogeneous mobilization against the project, but also against the authorities in power. The presentation of the project provided the first motives for the ‘anti...

At the same time that Mondavi’s project was accepted by the Town Council, election day was fast approaching. It would soon be time to vote in the municipal and cantonal elections. The candidates did not waste any time in presenting themselves. The Mondavi project was to become a hot topic in the municipal campaign. The electoral manifestos of the c...

Mondavi’s first contact with Languedoc came after the phylloxera epidemic that struck the Californian vineyards in the early 1990s. At that time, Mondavi developed an interest in the Languedoc vineyards as a means of satisfying his needs in terms of supplies. He started buying wines from specific varieties of grape in bulk via regional wine merchan...

Robert Mondavi is one of those entrepreneurs who succeed in everything they do. The United States has produced a plethora of such shining examples in every field, from Rockefeller in oil, and Bill Gates in IT, to Jeff Bézos, the founder of Amazon. Economists call such men ‘Schumpeterian entrepreneurs’, after Joseph Schumpeter, an Austrian who was o...

Manuel Diaz, the new Mayor of Aniane and general councillor, now started to feel the effects of his victory. First, he was sanctioned by André Vézinhet, the President of the General Council. Vézinhet had publicly supported Mondavi’s project and its success would have meant political success for him. Mondavi’s name would have been associated with th...

There are an increasingly large number of voices coming out against the globalization of the economy. Well-structured theories rub shoulders with more eccentric essays. In the last few years, many books have had considerable success, from L’Horreur économique by Viviane Forrester1 to Globalization and its Discontents by Joseph Stiglitz,2 winner of...

The Mondavi affair is not the only example of failure for installations in Languedoc. A year earlier, the site of Lake Salagou, near Lodève, was the arena for the same type of hostility regarding a project for economic development. The project was initiated by the FFSA (the French Federation for Automobile Sports) and consisted of creating an autom...

For several centuries, economic life in the town of Millau and the Causses region was dominated by the leather and glove industries. The first leather-worker to be recorded in the archives of this town in the Aveyron département was Pierre Raymond in 1193. In addition to providing the ewes’ milk needed to produce Roquefort cheese, sheep rearing als...

The Mondavi investment project seemed to have everything going for it. Faithful to their Win-Win-Win culture, the Californians had tried to build up a project in which everyone would be a winner: the Mondavi group would produce a great wine, the wine-producers and local coopérative would benefit from the American company’s commercial know-how, and...

The Languedoc vineyard is a vast swathe of land with a climate that is perfect for growing vines. The area stretches from Narbonne to the outskirts of Nîmes. It came into existence thanks to the Greek and Etruscan settlers who planted the first vines there in the sixth century BC. The Romans continued to develop wine-production in this region, whic...

This article is based on a long consideration of the concept of small business after 30 years of conceptual development. Most, if not all, researchers in small business have accepted the idea that small business is specific (the preponderant role of the owner-manager, low level of functional breakdown, intuitive strategy, etc.). However, the somewh...

An explanation for why plans to set up business in the small village of Aniane, in the Languedoc region of France, were a failure for Mondavi, the pioneer of California's Napa Valley. Initially, everyone came out a winner. The project nevertheless ground to a halt because of an anti-Mondavi revolt. The leader of this revolt was Aimé Guibert, a loca...