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Introduction
Coordinating the "Faidherbia-Flux" collaborative observatory in Senegal ( Dry Parkland agro-silvo-pastoral system).
Faidherbia-Flux is evaluating Ecosystem Services simultaneously and their trade-offs, from plant to plot and to landscape.
GHG balance, Eddy-covariance, NPP, agronomy, modeling
The observatory is very open to new scientific collaboration.
Faidherbia-Flux: https://lped.info/wikiObsSN/?Faidherbia-Flux
Additional affiliations
January 2012 - present
January 2010 - present
Universität Innsbruck
January 2008 - present
Publications
Publications (167)
In agroforestry systems, fine roots grow at several depths due to the mixture of trees and annual crops. The decomposition of fine roots contributes to soil organic carbon stocks and may impact soil fertility, particularly in poor soils, such as those encountered in sub-Sahelian regions. The aim of our study was to measure the decomposition rate of...
In Central America, coffee is mainly grown in agroforestry systems. This practice modifies the microclimate, which, in turn, influences coffee growth and development. However, modeling these microclimate modifications is a challenge when trying to predict the development of a disease in the understory crop, based on variables usually monitored in w...
More than half of the solar energy absorbed by land surfaces is currently used to evaporate water 1. Climate change is expected to intensify the hydrological cycle 2 and to alter evapotranspiration, with implications for ecosystem services and feedback to regional and global climate. Evapotranspiration changes may already be under way, but direct o...
Eight years of studying coffee ecophysiology and monitoring ecosystem
services (ES) in a large coffee farm in Costa Rica revealed
several practical recommendations for farmers and policy makers.
The cropping system studied within our collaborative observatory
(Coffee-Flux) corresponds to a coffee-based agroforestry system
(AFS) under the shade of l...
A finales de los años 1990 el CATIE, con apoyo de varias instituciones, inició una red de ensayos de largo plazo en sistemas agroforestales con café. Los vacíos de información sobre las interacciones agroecológicas en sistemas con diferentes enfoques de producción a largo plazo, sumados a la urgente necesidad de asegurar sostenibilidad y restauraci...
West African Sahelian and Sudanian ecosystems
provide essential services to people and also play a significant role
within the global carbon cycle. However, climate and land use are
dynamically changing, and uncertainty remains with respect to how these changes will affect
the potential of these regions to provide food and fodder resources or how t...
In coffee, fruit production on a given shoot drops after some years of high yield, triggering pruning to induce re-sprouting. The timing of pruning is a crucial farmer’s decision affecting yield and labour. A reason explaining fruit production drop could be the exhaustion of resources, particularly the non-structural carbohydrates (NSC).
To test su...
West African Sahelian and Sudanian ecosystems are providing essential services to people and also play a significant role within the global carbon cycle. However, climate and land use are dynamically changing and it remains uncertain how these changes will affect the potential of these regions for providing food and fodder resources or the biospher...
The mechanistic model GO+ describes the functioning and growth of managed forests based upon biophysical and biogeochemical processes. The biophysical and biogeochemical processes included are modelled using standard formulations of radiative transfer, convective heat exchange, evapotranspiration, photosynthesis, respiration, plant phenology, growt...
Aerosol- and cloud-induced changes in diffuse light have important impacts on the global land carbon cycle, as they alter light distribution and photosynthesis in vegetation canopies. However, this effect remains poorly represented or evaluated in current land surface models. Here, we add a light partitioning module and a new canopy light transmiss...
Aerosol- and cloud-induced changes in diffuse light have important impacts on the global land carbon cycle, as they alter light distribution and photosynthesis in vegetation canopies. However, this effect remains poorly represented or evaluated in current land surface models. Here, we add a light partitioning module and a new canopy light transmiss...
Les mesures d’échanges des principaux gaz à effet de serre (CO2, N2O et CH4) entre le sol et l’atmosphère sont des données importantes dans l’étude du fonctionnement des agrosystèmes. Ces données peuvent être mesurées à haute résolution temporelle grâce à des chambres de mesure automatiques qui constituent actuellement la technique de référence. Le...
Coffee is often grown in production systems associated with shade trees that provide different ecosystem services. Management, weather and soil conditions are spatially variable production factors. CAF2007 is a dynamic model for coffee agroforestry systems that takes these factors as inputs and simulates the processes underlying berry production at...
Agroforestry is pointed out by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report as a key option to respond to climate change and land degradation while simultaneously improving global food security (IPCC, 2019). Faidherbia albida parklands are widespread in Sub-Saharan Africa and provide several ecosystem services to populations, notably an inc...
The trees in agroforestry plots create spatial heterogeneity of high interest for adaptation, mitigation, and the provision of ecosystem services. But to what distance, exactly, from the tree? We tested a novel approach, based upon geostatistics and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) sensing, to infer the distance at which a single agroforestry tree aff...
Aerosol and cloud-induced changes in diffuse light have important impacts on the global land carbon cycle by changing light distribution and photosynthesis in vegetation canopies. However, this effect remains poorly represented in current land surface models. Here we add a light partitioning module and a new canopy light transmission module to the...
Abstract. The mechanistic model GO+ describes the functioning and growth of managed forests based upon biophysical and biogeochemical processes. The biophysical and biogeochemical processes included are modelled using standard formulations of radiative transfer, convective heat exchange, evapotranspiration, photosynthesis, respiration, plant phenol...
The DynACof model was designed to model coffee agroforestry systems and study the trade-offs to e.g. optimize the system facing climate changes. The model simulates net primary productivity (NPP), growth, yield, mortality, energy and water balance of coffee agroforestry systems according to shade tree species and management. Several plot-scale ecos...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) constitutes the largest terrestrial C stock, particularly in the Andosols of volcanic areas. Quantitative information on distribution of SOC stocks is needed to construct a baseline for studying temporal changes in SOC. The spatial variation of soil short-range-order minerals such as allophane usually explains the variabil...
Résumé. Huit ans de travaux de recherche sur les services écosystémiques dans une grande ferme caféière du Costa Rica (observatoire collaboratif Coffee-Flux, en système agrofo-restier à base de caféiers sous de grands arbres d'Erythrina poeppigiana, surface projetée de couronne de l'ordre de 16 %) ont suggéré plusieurs applications pour les agricul...
The DynACof model was designed to model coffee agroforestry systems and study the trade-offs to e.g. optimize the system facing climate changes. The model simulates net primary productivity (NPP), growth, yield, mortality, energy and water balance of coffee agroforestry systems according to shade tree species and management. Several plot-scale ecos...
El déficit hídrico tiene un impacto negativo en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas a través de alteraciones morfo-fisiológicas. Esta investigación se centró en la dinámica de los rasgos ecofisiológicos y arquitectura de dosel en dos cultivares de café, RUBI-MG1192 (Rubi) y IAPAR59 (I59), sensible y tolerante a la sequía, respectivamente. Lo...
Agroforestry systems (AFS) are complex to model mainly due to the high spatial variability induced by the shade trees. Recently, the microclimate and light heterogeneity issue in AFS has been addressed using the 3D ecophysiological process-based model MAESPA (Charbonnier et al., 2013; Vezy et al., 2018). MAESPA surpassed the classical sun/shade dic...
Eight years of studying coffee ecophysiology and monitoring ecosystem services (ES) in a large coffee farm in Costa Rica revealed several practical recommendations for farmers and policy makers. The cropping system studied within our collaborative observatory (Coffee-Flux) corresponds to a coffee-based agroforestry system (AFS) under the shade of l...
Preprint in Soil Discussion:
Soil organic carbon (SOC) constitutes the largest terrestrial C stock, especially in the Andosols of volcanic areas. In Costa Rica, in a 1 km2 basin covered by coffee agroforestry, SOC stocks were measured by MIR spectrometry from surface down to 200-cm depth to 24 to 72 kgC m-2. Andic soil properties explained this hig...
This study focused on leaf and root density dynamics of the most dominant tree species (Vitellaria paradoxa) of West African savannas in two land use types (farmed land and forest). Ten trees located at least 100 m from each other were selected, with five trees each located in the field and in the forest. Five of the trees were of small-diameter [t...
In the version of this Article originally published, the wrong Supplementary Information pdf was uploaded, in which the figures did not correspond with those mentioned in the main text and the R code was not presented properly. This has now been replaced.
By mediating evapotranspiration processes, plant canopies play an important role in the terrestrial water cycle and regional climate. Substantial uncertainties exist in modeling canopy water interception and related hydrological processes due to rainfall forcing frequency selection and varying canopy traits. Here we design a new time interpolation...
Forests play a crucial role in the global carbon (C) cycle by storing and sequestering a substantial amount of C in the terrestrial biosphere. Due to temporal dynamics in climate and vegetation activity, there are significant regional variations in carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes between the biosphere and atmosphere in forests that are affecting the gl...
MAE of the LSTM setup per PFT and climate region from the ensemble mean mean ±sd estimate of the 50 runs.
Statistics for the anomalies were not calculated in the arid and tropical climate (i.e. NA) because there was no site with at least 2 years of complete data after data quality control.
(PDF)
RMSE of the proposed approach against the other model set-ups from the ensemble mean mean ±sd estimate of the 50 runs.
LSTM = LSTM model using the full depth of the Landsat time series and climate data; LSTMperm = LSTM model but the temporal patterns of both the predictive and the target variables were randomly permuted while instantaneous relation...
MAE of the proposed approach against the other model set-ups from the ensemble mean mean ±sd estimate of the 50 runs.
LSTM = LSTM model using the full depth of the Landsat time series and climate data; LSTMperm = LSTM model but the temporal patterns of both the predictive and the target variables were randomly permuted while instantaneous relations...
Performance of the gap-filling procedure for the differtent climate variables.
Assessment of the gap-filling procedure was done for Tair, Precip, Rg, and VPD. For Tair, Rg, and VPD, the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) is reported, while the root mean squared error (RMSE) is reported for Precip.
(PDF)
List of sites used in this study.
DBF = Deciduous broadleaf forest, DNF = deciduous needleleaf forest, EBF = evergreen broadleaf forest, ENF = evergreen needleleaf forest, MF = mixed forest, WSA = woody savanna, and SAV = savanna.
(PDF)
RMSE of the LSTM setup per PFT and climate region from the ensemble mean mean ±sd estimate of the 50 runs.
Statistics for the anomalies were not calculated in the arid and tropical climate (i.e. NA) because there was no site with at least 2 years of complete data after data quality control.
(PDF)
Scatterplots of the coefficient of determination of the proposed approach against the other model set-ups at site level.
The coefficient of determination was computed using monthly observed and predicted NEE estimates for each site. Each point represents one site and only the sites with at least one complete year of good quality data (n site = 81)...
Coefficient of determination of the proposed approach against the other model set-ups from the ensemble mean mean ±sd estimate of the 50 runs.
LSTM = LSTM model using the full depth of the Landsat time series and climate data; LSTMperm = LSTM model but the temporal patterns of both the predictive and the target variables were randomly permuted whil...
Performance of the gap-filling procedure of each Landsat band using a Random Forest model and climate variables (i.e. Tair, Precip, Rg, VPD, rpot), PFT, month of the year, and latitude as predictive variables.
The model was trained on 70% of the data and evaluated on 30% of the left out data. nir = near-infrared, swir1 = shortwave infrared 1, swir2...
Performance of the gap-filling procedure of each Landsat band using a Random Forest model and the MODIS bands as predictive variables.
The model was trained on 70% of the data and evaluated on 30% of the left out data. nir = near-infrared, swir1 = shortwave infrared 1, swir2 = shortwave infrared 2, and tir = thermal infrared.
(PDF)
Huit ans de travaux de recherche sur les services écosystémiques dans une grande ferme caféière du Costa Rica (observatoire collaboratif Coffee-Flux, en système agro-forestier à base de caféiers sous de grands arbres d'Erythrina poeppigiana, surface projetée de couronne de l'ordre de 16 %) ont suggéré plusieurs applications pour les agriculteurs et...
Greater understanding of the influences on long-term coffee productivity are needed to develop systems that are profitable, while maximizing ecosystem services and lowering negative environmental impacts. We examine a long-term experiment (15 years) established in Costa Rica in 2000 and compare intensive conventional (IC) coffee production under fu...
Tropical rainforests play a central role in the Earth system by regulating climate, maintaining biodiversity, and sequestering carbon. They are under threat by direct anthropogenic impacts like deforestation and the indirect anthropogenic impacts of climate change. A synthesis of the factors that determine the net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxi...
The influence of vegetation on slope stability is well understood at the slope level but scaling up to the catchment level is still a challenge, partially because of a lack of suitable data to validate models. We tested the physical landslide model, LAPSUS_LS, which models slope stability at the catchment scale. LAPSUS_LS combines a hydrological mo...
Indonesia is currently one of the regions with the highest transformation rate of land surface worldwide related to the expansion of oil palm plantations and other cash crops replacing forests on large scales. Land cover changes, which modify land surface properties, have a direct effect on the land surface temperature (LST), a key driver for many...
Terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) for each plant functional type (PFT) is a key variable for linking the energy, water and carbon cycles of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. Process-based algorithms have been widely used to estimate global terrestrial ET, yet each ET individual algorithm has exhibited large uncertainties. In this study,...
Eight years of monitoring ecophysiology and ecosystem services (ES) in a large coffee farm of Costa Rica yields a range of practical applications for the farmer and stakeholders, thanks to numerous scientific actors and disciplines contributing to our collaborative observatory (Coffee-Flux). • A lot of ecosystem services depend on the soil properti...
Indonesia is currently one of the regions with the highest transformation rate of the land surface worldwide due to the expansion of oil palm plantations and other cash crops replacing forests on large scales. Land cover changes, which modify land surface properties, have a direct effect on the land surface temperature (LST), a key driver for many...
In agroforestry systems, shade trees strongly affect the physiology of the undergrown crop. However, a major paradigm is that the reduction in absorbed photosynthetically active radiation is, to a certain extent, compensated by an increase in light-use efficiency, thereby reducing the difference in net primary productivity between shaded and non-sh...
Although vegetation is increasingly used to mitigate landslide risks, how vegetation affects the temporal variability of slope stability is poorly understood, especially in earthquake-prone regions. We combined 3-year long soil moisture monitoring, measurements of soil physical properties and plant functional traits, and numerical modeling to compa...
The total uptake of carbon dioxide by ecosystems via photosynthesis (gross primary productivity, GPP) is the largest flux in the global carbon cycle. A key ecosystem functional property determining GPP is the photosynthetic capacity at light saturation (GPPsat), and its interannual variability (IAV) is propagated to the net land–atmosphere exchange...
Upscaling instantaneous evapotranspiration retrieved at any specific time-of-daytime (ETi) to daily evapotranspiration (ETd) is a key challenge in regional scale vegetation water use mapping using polar orbiting sensors. Various studies have unanimously cited the short wave incoming radiation (RS) to be the most robust reference variable explaining...
