Olivier Paul Chevallier

• PhD
• Manager at University of Avignon

We studied the metabolomes of 'Queen Victoria' pineapples subjected to the fungi-induced fruitlet core rot (FCR) disease, a major quality issue in the pineapple industry. Analyses were carried out on the pulp and skin of individual fruitlets within healthy or black spotted infructescences, in order to profile three types of samples: healthy, infect...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are often present in complex mixtures at trace levels in environmental samples, posing difficulties for analytical chemists. Ion mobility offers highly replicable identifiers, enabling the use of community-based libraries for PFAS annotation in nontargeted analysis. Currently, limited software exists to l...

Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a semi-arid shrub, native from the Chihuahan desert. This plant produces polyisoprene and resin. Polyisoprene is the main focal point of many researches, from structure to properties. Today, some processes are used to extract polyisoprene under its dry form, using solvent extraction, to produce rubber (used i...

Organic food fraud is a significant challenge in the food testing sector—high price premiums, ease of access to produce to be relabelled and difficulties in developing testing strategies that can detect such frauds make organic foods particularly attractive and thus highly vulnerable to fraud. Samples of conventional and organic cattle taken across...

“On demand” hormonal female-controlled pericoital contraception is one strategy which could be used to minimize the impact of unintended pregnancy. Nestorone (NES) is a potent contraceptive, with relatively few side effects in comparison with other contraceptives. NES presents an attractive option for “on demand” pericoital contraceptive. Unfortuna...

Biopolymers based on polylactic acid (PLA) and starch have numerous advantages, such as coming from renewable sources or being compostable, though they can have deficiencies in mechanical properties, and for this reason, polyester resins are occasionally added to them in order to improve their properties. In this work, migration from a PLA sample a...

Health conscious and environmentally aware consumers are purchasing more organically produced foods. They prefer organic fruits and leafy vegetables as these are much less likely to have been exposed to contaminants such as pesticides. The detection of fraudulent activity in this area is difficult to undertake, because many chemical plant protectio...

With laboratories seeking to expand analytical capabilities and create multi-class, multi-analyte methods, there has been a shift toward generic sample clean-up techniques such as “dilute-and-shoot”. Advantages of this methodology include its simplicity, minimal analyte losses, high sample throughput and number of analyte classes included. The evol...

Background Global food regulations and consumer demands require that the provenance of food can be traced from farm to fork. Currently organic products are not routinely tested for authenticity even though they have substantial added value and are therefore clear targets for fraud. In recent years there has been a rising number of cases of misrepre...

The global increase of toxin-producing cyanobacteria poses a serious risk to humans. Many investigations have shown that the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR induces hepatotoxicity in rodents. However, many of these studies applied the toxin intraperitoneally or used high oral concentrations, leading to an unrealistically high bioavailability of the toxin...

Ambient mass spectrometry is a tool of growing interest for the testing of foodstuffs over the fifteen years since the pioneering techniques of desorption electro-spray ionisation (DESI), direct analysis in real time (DART) and atmospheric pressure solid analysis probe (ASAP) were first demonstrated. In this study, rapid evaporative ionisation mass...

Increasing demands are being placed on meat producers to verify more about their product with regards to safety, quality and authenticity. There are many methods that can detect aspects of these parameters in meat, yet most are too slow to keep up with the demands of modern meat processing plants and supply chains. A new technology, Rapid Evaporati...

During 2019 a series of food poisoning events and deaths occurred in Uganda due to an unknown causative agent. In response the World Food Programme (WFP) initiated investigations into the incidents which included contacting expert laboratories to analyse the main suspect product known as Super Cereal. The laboratories used a broad gamut of their te...

Background Rice is an important staple food that is consumed around the world. Like many foods, the price of rice varies considerably, from very inexpensive for a low-quality product to premium pricing for highly prized varieties from specific locations. Therefore, like other foods it is vulnerable to economically motivated adulteration through sub...

Rice is one of the most important cereals for human nutrition and is a basic staple food for half of the global population. The assessment of rice geographical origins in terms of its authenticity is of great interest to protect consumers from misleading information and fraud. In the present study, a head space gas chromatography mass spectrometry...

Circadian rhythms are a fundamental feature of all organisms from cyanobacteria to humans and govern all aspect of physiology and behaviours. These rhythms exist in individual cells to the entire organism and are driven by cell-autonomous molecular circadian clocks. A significant fraction of cellular metabolome varies according to the time of the d...

New bamboo-based biopolymers are used as food packaging materials, but it must be evaluated to ensure consumers safety. In this study, migration from a commercial bamboo-based biopolymer to ethanol 10% (v/v), acetic acid 3% (w/v) and ethanol 95% (v/v) was studied. The migrants were determined from three different perspectives. Volatile and semi-vol...

Introduction Brown planthopper (BPH) is a phloem feeding insect that causes annual disease outbreaks, called hopper burn in many countries throughout Asia, resulting in severe damage to rice production. Currently, mechanistic understanding of BPH resistance in rice plant is limited, which has caused slow progression on developing effective rice var...

Contamination of animal feed with multiple mycotoxins is an ongoing and growing issue, as over 60% of cereal crops worldwide have been shown to be contaminated with mycotoxins. The present study was carried out to assess the efficacy of commercial feed additives sold with multi-mycotoxin binding claims. Ten feed additives were obtained and categori...

Plant secondary metabolites are protective dietary constituents and rol genes evidently increase the synthesis of these versatile phytochemicals. This study subjected a globally important vegetable, lettuce (Lactuca sativa) to a combination of untargeted metabolomics (LC-QTof-MS) and in vitro bioactivity assays. Specifically, we examined the differ...

Currently in the pharmaceutical industry, continuous manufacturing is an area of significant interest. In particular, hot-melt extrusion (HME) offers many advantages and has been shown to significantly reduce the number of processing steps relative to a conventional product manufacturing line. To control product quality during HME without process i...

The morphological transformation of beef tissues after various processing treatments facilitates the addition of cheap offal products. Undetectable to the naked eye, analytical techniques are required to identify such scenarios within minced and processed products. DNA methodologies are ill-equipped to detect adulteration of offal cuts from the sam...

Mandatory disclosure of the species identity, production method, and geographical origin are embedded in the regulations and traceability systems, governing international seafood trade. A high-resolution mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach could simultaneously authenticate the species identity and geographical origin of commercially impor...

Global market of herbs has been struggling with food adulteration issues. A number of assays have been developed to aid the detection of the tampered samples and ensure high quality of the marketed products. However, herbs are marketed not only for their culinary applications but also as remedies due to high levels of biologically active constituen...

Aims/hypothesis Recent studies suggest that abnormal function in Müller glial cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. This is associated with the selective accumulation of the acrolein-derived advanced lipoxidation end-product, Nε-(3-formyl-3,4-dehydropiperidino)lysine (FDP-lysine), on Müller cell proteins. The ai...

Meat adulteration is a significant economic problem as it can result in substantial economic gains and loss of consumers' trust in the food industry. Addition of a bulking agent masking the addition of water into minced meat is a fraudulent practice that is very difficult to detect. The quality of the meat can be assessed by measurement of total ne...

Oregano, a widely used and popular herb, is particularly vulnerable to fraud. Less valued plants, adulterants that are often used for dilution, may introduce into this commodity additional contaminants such as pesticide residues. In this study, more than 400 pesticides were screened in a representative set of 42 genuine and 34 adulterated dried ore...

Introduction. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) makes up 15% of breast cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. TNBC treatment remains hampered by early visceral metastasis and lymph node involvement at the time of diagnosis and limited effective therapeutic options. Advances in treatment that translate to significant improvements in outco...

Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a major source of economic loss within the agricultural industry. Vaccination against BRD-associated viruses does not offer complete immune protection and vaccine failure animals present potential routes for disease spread. Serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) is possible using a...

Cross-validation of OPLS-DA models. Leave-one-out (LOO) cross validation was performed to assess the performance of the models generated. All technical replicated from a single biological sample were removed and an OPLS-DA model containing the remaining biological and technical replicates employed to predict class representation. (XLSX)

Selected AMRTPs of plasma metabolomic markers of response BPI3V challenge in vaccinated and non-vaccinated animals. Combined list of 383 AMRTPs selected using OPLS-DA at days 2, 6, 14 and 20 post-BPI3V infection filtered to exclude those with p < 0.05, FC < 1.5 and V.I.P. score < 1. (XLSX)

Peak intensity of identified metabolite markers in individual animals throughout the study. Significant changes in metabolite peak intensity (height) are indicated NS = p > 0.05, * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01, *** = p < 0.001. (PDF)

Spectral profiles for N-(cyclohex-1-en-1-ylcarbonyl)glycine (NCG), Hexahydrohippurate (HHA) and N-Methylhippuric Acid (NMHA). (A) Low energy fragmentation and adduct formation spectra. (B) High energy fragmentation and adduct formation spectra. (PDF)

Inter-run quality control parameters for plasma analysed using Xevo G2 Qtof by RP-UPLC-MS/MS and HILIC-UPLC-MS/MS. For RP-UPLC-MS/MS analysis runs peaks corresponding to L-phenylalanine, L-tryptophan and Glycocholic acid were analysed and for HILIC-UPLC-MS/MS creatine, creatinine and L-valine were analysed. Average, min, max and Stdev for retention...

BPI chromatogram of plasma from vaccinated and non-vaccinated calves analysed by RP-UPLC and HILIC-UPLC-MS/MS at day 6 p.i. (PDF)

Processed Raw data employed for downstream metabolomic analysis. Markerlynx was employed for data extraction and processing. AMRTP levels are reported as peak height. (XLSX)

Identification of DIVA metabolite markers in plasma using Waters Xevo G2 Qtof. Retention time matching, and MS spectrum of (A) biliverdin, (B) cholic acid, (C) hexahydrophippuric acid and (D) lysophosphatidylcholine standards with extracted ion chromatograms (low energy and high energy ramp) of DIVA metabolite markers. (PDF)

IntroductionFish fraud detection is mainly carried out using a genomic profiling approach requiring long and complex sample preparations and assay running times. Rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry (REIMS) can circumvent these issues without sacrificing a loss in the quality of results. Objectives To demonstrate that REIMS can be used as...

Persistent organic pollutant (POP) exposure is strongly associated with negative health effects in humans. Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are formed during high temperature cooking of foods (i.e. meat and fish). Human exposure to HAA is through food consumption and from similar food groups to POPs. A study of serum samples for POPs in a non-oc...

Due to increasing number of food fraud incidents, there is an inherent need for the development and implementation of analytical platforms enabling detection and quantitation of adulteration. In this study a set of unique biomarkers of commonly found adulterants became the targets in the development of a LC-MS/MS method which underwent a rigorous i...

Controversy surrounds the proposed hypothesis that exposure to β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) could play a role in various neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here we present the results of the most comprehensive scientific study on BMAA detection ever undertaken on brain samples from patients pathologically confirmed t...

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are distributed globally and are associated with adverse health effects in humans. A study combining gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTof-MS) and chemometrics for the analysis of adult human serum samples was undertaken. Levels of serum POPs found were in the...

Red meat consumption has been associated with negative health effects. A study to identify biomarkers of meat consumption was undertaken using serum samples collected from combining high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTof-MS) and chemometrics. Using orthogonal partial last-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), multivariate models were creat...

OBJECTIVE: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is defined as the sudden death of an infant o1 year of age that cannot be explained following a thorough investigation. Currently, no reliable clinical biomarkers are available for the prediction of infants who will die of SIDS. STUDY DESIGN: This study aimed to profile the medulla oblongata from postm...

The adulteration of food has received substantial amounts of media attention in the last few years, with events such as the European horsemeat scandal in 2013 sending shockwaves through society. Almost all cases are motivated by the pursuit of profits and are often aided by long and complex supply chains. In the past few years, the rapid growth of...

The antimicrobial activity of atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma has been exhaustively characterised, however elucidation of the interactions between biomolecules produced and utilised by bacteria and short plasma exposures are required for optimisation and clinical translation of cold plasma technology. This study characterizes the effects of...

The increasingly abundant food fraud cases have brought food authenticity and safety into major focus. In this study, we present a fast and effective way to identify meat products using rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS). The experimental setup was demonstrated to be able to record a mass spectrometric profile of meat specimens...

Fraud in the global food supply chain is becoming increasingly common due to the huge profits associated with this type of criminal activity. Food commodities and ingredients that are expensive and are part of complex supply chains are particularly vulnerable. Both herbs and spices fit these criteria perfectly and yet strategies to detect fraudulen...

Introduction Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders believed to have a multifactorial basis. Presently, diagnosis is based on behavioral and developmental signs in children before the age of 3 and no reliable clinical biomarkers are available for early detection. Objectives This study aimed to biochemically profi...

There are more than 300 potential mycotoxins that can contaminate food and feed and cause adverse effects in humans and animals. The data on the co-occurrence of mycotoxins in novel animal feed materials, such as distiller’s dried grain with solubles (DDGS), are limited. Thus, a UHPLC–MS/MS method for the quantitation of 77 mycotoxins and other fun...

Azaspiracid (AZA) poisoning was unknown until 1995 when shellfish harvested in Ireland caused illness manifesting by vomiting and diarrhoea. Further in vivo/vitro studies showed neurotoxicity linked with AZA exposure. However, the biological target of the toxin which will help explain such potent neurological activity is still unknown. A region of...

This study combined high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), advanced chemometrics and pathway enrichment analysis to analyse the blood metabolome of patients attending the memory clinic: cases of mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 16), cases of MCI who upon subsequent follow-up developed Alzheimer’s disease (MCI_AD; n = 19), and healthy age-matc...

Vaccination procedures within the cattle industry are important disease control tools to minimize economic and welfare burdens associated with respiratory pathogens. However, new vaccine, antigen and carrier technologies are required to combat emerging viral strains and enhance the efficacy of respiratory vaccines, particularly at the point of path...

Dioxin contamination of the food chain typically occurs when cocktails of combustion residues or polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) containing oils become incorporated into animal feed. These highly toxic compounds are bio-accumulative with small amounts posing a major health risk. The ability to identify animal exposure to these compounds prior to the...

A study combining high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-QTof-MS) and chemometrics for the analysis of post-mortem brain tissue from subjects with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (n=15) and healthy age-matched controls (n=15) was undertaken. The huge potential of this metabolomics approach for distinguishing AD cases is underlined by the correct prediction...

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an intestinal hormone with well-established glucose-lowering activity. The in vitro and in vivo actions of natural putative secretagogues of GLP-1 were investigated. The acute GLP-1 releasing activity of olive leaf extract (OLE), glutamine (GLN), alpha casein (ACAS), beta casein (BCAS) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) w...

Obestatin (OB(1-23) is a 23 amino acid peptide encoded on the preproghrelin gene, originally reported to have metabolic actions related to food intake, gastric emptying and body weight. The biological instability of OB(1-23) has recently been highlighted by studies demonstrating its rapid enzymatic cleavage in a number of biological matrices. We as...

In this study data generated by 1H NMR spectroscopy were combined with chemometrics to analyse beef samples aged over a 21day period. In particular, the amino acids, of which 12 were identified were found to increase over the ageing period with samples matured for 3days having notably lower concentrations than carcasses aged for 21days. This is bel...

The incorporation of melamine into food products is banned but its misuse has been widely reported in both animal feeds and food. The development of a rapid screening immunoassay for monitoring of the substance is an urgent requirement. Two haptens of melamine were synthesized by introducing spacer arms of different lengths and structures on the tr...

[See figures]. The synthesis of analogues of adenosine diphosphate ribose and acetylated adenosine diphosphate ribose, modified at the northern pentose, is reported. The stereochemistry at the acetylated centers was chosen to minimize acetyl migration and dictated the overall synthetic strategy.

Abstract Standard reaction conditions for the desilylation of acetylated furanoside (riboside, arabinoside and xyloside) derivatives facilitate acyl migration. Conditions which favour intramolecular and intermolecular mechanisms have been identified with intermolecular transesterifications taking place under mild basic conditions when intramolecula...