Oliver NeubauerUniversity of Vienna | UniWien · Research Platform Active Ageing
Oliver Neubauer
Principal Investigator & Privatdozent – University of Vienna / Scientific Staff Member – Danube University Krems / Adjunct Senior Lecturer – Queensland University of Technology
About
36
Publications
14,917
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1,755
Citations
Citations since 2017
Introduction
The aim of my research is to gain a better understanding of the physiological and health effects of nutrition and exercise in humans, from a molecular to a functional level. A specific focus is on skeletal muscle, the immune system, and cross-tissue interactions. Inspired by the concept of ‘translational physiology’, my overall goal is to assess the efficacy of lifestyle interventions to promote, preserve, and restore physiological function and health in various human population groups.
Additional affiliations
January 2019 - present
Position
- Scientific Staff Member
Description
- Various teaching responsibilities and student supervision within the master programs 'Nutrition & Sports' and 'Sports Medicine'.
June 2018 - present
Position
- Principal Investigator
Description
- Principal investigator of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF)-funded clinical research project 'Dietary Nitrate, Vascular Function and Inflammation', and Privatdozent in the field of 'Sports Nutrition with Special Focus on Physiological Aspects'.
May 2015 - May 2018
Position
- Senior Researcher
Description
- Currently an adjunct senior lecturer. Vice Chancellor's Research Fellowship (2015–2018), with the focus on how exercise and nutrition interventions can help to improve physiological function and health with ageing.
Publications
Publications (36)
The notion that prolonged, intense exercise causes an 'open window' of immunodepression during recovery after exercise is well accepted. Repeated exercise bouts or intensified training without sufficient recovery may increase the risk of illness. However, except for salivary IgA, clear and consistent markers of this immunodepression remain elusive....
Unaccustomed exercise consisting of eccentric (i.e., lengthening) muscle contractions often results in muscle damage characterized by ultrastructural alterations in muscle tissue, clinical signs and symptoms (e.g., reduced muscle strength and range of motion, increased muscle soreness and swelling, efflux of myocellular proteins). The time course o...
It remains incompletely understood whether there is an association between the transcriptome profiles of skeletal muscle and blood leukocytes in response to exercise or other physiological stressors. We have previously analyzed the changes in the muscle and blood neutrophil transcriptome in eight trained men before and 3 h, 48 h and 96 h after 2 h...
Aging is associated with a vasoconstrictive, pro-coagulant, and pro-inflammatory profile of arteries and a decline in the bioavailability of the endothelium-derived molecule nitric oxide. Dietary nitrate elicits vasodilatory, anti-coagulant and anti-inflammatory effects in younger individuals, but little is known about whether these benefits are ev...
Inorganic dietary nitrate, found abundantly in green leafy and some root vegetables, elicits several beneficial physiological effects, including a reduction in blood pressure and improvements in blood flow through nitrate–nitrite–nitric oxide signaling. Recent animal and human studies have shown that dietary nitrate and nitrite also modulate inflam...
Dietary nitrate, found predominantly in green leafy vegetables and other vegetables such as radish, celery, and beetroot, has been shown to beneficially modulate inflammatory processes and immune cell function in...
A high protein intake at old age is important for muscle protein synthesis, however, this could also trigger protein oxidation with the potential risk for DNA damage. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an increased protein intake at recommended level or well above would affect DNA damage or change levels of reduced (GSH) and oxidised...
Illustration of my physiological research at the intersection of nutrition, exercise, and human health. The graphical abstract was created in collaboration with digital designer Bianca Cattelini.
An increasing body of evidence suggests that age-related immune changes and chronic inflammation contribute to cancer development. Recognizing that exercise has protective effects against cancer, promotes immune function, and beneficially modulates inflammation with ageing, this review outlines the current evidence indicating an emerging role for e...
There is an ongoing debate as to the optimal protein intake in older adults. An increasing body of experimental studies on skeletal muscle protein metabolism as well as epidemiological data suggest that protein requirements with ageing might be greater than many current dietary recommendations. Importantly, none of the intervention studies in this...
Telomere length (TL) in blood cells is widely used in human studies as a molecular marker of ageing. Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) as well as unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) are dynamic blood constituents whose involvement in age-associated diseases is largely unexplored. To our knowledge, there are no published studies integrating all three param...
Personal portrait ('Geistesblitz') in the research section of the Austrian newspaper 'Der Standard' (print- and online version), by journalist Mag. ASTRID KUFFNER, May 7th 2014 (http://derstandard.at/1397522640478/Ironman-im-Labormantel)
Reductions in DNA integrity, genome stability, and telomere length are strongly associated with the aging process, age-related diseases as well as the age-related loss of muscle mass. However, in people reaching an age far beyond their statistical life expectancy the prevalence of diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes or dement...
Antioxidants in acute physical exercise and exercise training remain a hot topic in sport nutrition, exercise physiology and biology, in general (Jackson, 2008; Margaritis and Rousseau, 2008; Gomez-Cabrera et al., 2012; Nikolaidis et al., 2012). During the past few decades, antioxidants have received attention predominantly as a nutritional strateg...
Macrophages play a crucial role in the maintenance and resolution of inflammation and express a number of pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules in response to stressors. Among them, the complement receptor 5a (C5aR) plays an integral role in the development of inflammatory disorders. Biliverdin and bilirubin, products of heme catabolism, exert anti-...
Re-programming of gene expression is fundamental for skeletal muscle adaptations in response to endurance exercise. This study investigated the time-course dependent changes in the muscular transcriptome following an endurance exercise trial consisting of 1 h of intense cycling immediately followed by 1 h of intense running. Skeletal muscle samples...
Neutrophils serve as an intriguing model for the study of innate immune cellular activity induced by physiological stress. We measured changes in the transcriptome of circulating neutrophils following an experimental exercise trial (EXTRI) consisting of 1 hour (h) of intense cycling immediately followed by 1 h of intense running. Blood samples were...
Regular moderate physical activity reduces the risk of several noncommunicable diseases. At the same time, evidence exists for oxidative stress resulting from acute and strenuous exercise by enhanced formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which may lead to oxidatively modified lipids, proteins, and possibly negative effects on DNA stabi...
Coffee is among the most frequently consumed beverages. Its consumption is inversely associated to the incidence of diseases related to reactive oxygen species; the phenomenon may be due to its antioxidant properties. Our primary objective was to investigate the impact of consumption of a coffee containing high levels of chlorogenic acids on the ox...
Antioxidant requirements have neither been defined for endurance nor been defined for ultra-endurance athletes. To verify whether an acute bout of ultra-endurance exercise modifies the need for nutritive antioxidants, we aimed (1) to investigate the changes of endogenous and exogenous antioxidants in response to an Ironman triathlon; (2) to particu...
Also physical exercise in general is accepted to be protective, acute and strenuous exercise has been shown to induce oxidative stress. Enhanced formation of free radicals leads to oxidation of macromolecules and to DNA damage. On the other hand ultra-endurance events which require strenuous exercise are very popular and the number of participants...
The major aims of this study were to investigate the effect of an Ironman triathlon on DNA migration in the single cell gel electrophoresis assay, apoptosis and necrosis in the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay with lymphocytes and on changes of total antioxidant capacity in plasma. Blood samples were taken 2 days (d) before, within 20 mi...
It is commonly accepted that regular moderate intensity physical activity reduces the risk of developing many diseases. Counter intuitively, however, evidence also exists for oxidative stress resulting from acute and strenuous exercise. Enhanced formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species may lead to oxidatively modified lipids, proteins and...
Training for and competing in ultraendurance exercise events is associated with an improvement in endogenous antioxidant defenses as well as increased oxidative stress. However, consequences on health are currently unclear.
We aimed to examine the impact of training- and acute exercise-induced changes in the antioxidant capacity on the oxidant/anti...
During acute and strenuous exercise, the enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species can induce damage to lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an Ironman triathlon (3.8 km swim, 180 km cycle, 42 km run), as a prototype of ultra-endurance exercise, on DNA stability. As biomarkers of genomic in...
Ultra-endurance exercise, such as an Ironman triathlon, induces muscle damage and a systemic inflammatory response. As the resolution of recovery in these parameters is poorly documented, we investigated indices of muscle damage and systemic inflammation in response to an Ironman triathlon and monitored these parameters 19 days into recovery. Blood...
Both a systemic inflammatory response as well as DNA damage has been observed following exhaustive endurance exercise. Hypothetically, exercise-induced DNA damage might either be a consequence of inflammatory processes or causally involved in inflammation and immunological alterations after strenuous prolonged exercise (e.g. by inducing lymphocyte...
Increased concentrations of biomarkers reflecting myocardial stress such as cardiac troponin I and T and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) have been observed following strenuous, long-lasting endurance exercise. The pathophysiological mechanisms are still not fully elucidated and the interpretations of increased post-exercise concentrations range fro...
Projects
Projects (4)
Applying a systems biology-based approach, this study at Griffith University was aimed to examine the time-course of changes in the transcriptomes of blood neutrophils and skeletal muscle in young, trained men during recovery from endurance exercise. The study findings revealed novel signalling mechanisms by which neutrophils appear to contribute to the regulation of the innate immune response to physiological stress. The data also provided important new insights into the molecular pathways that are transcriptionally activated and that potentially contribute to the acute stress, recovery and adaptive remodelling responses of human skeletal muscle to prolonged, intense exercise. In a follow-up study, we used an advanced bioinformatics method for systematically comparing the neutrophil and muscle transcriptomes. This latter investigation resulted in the identification of previously unknown functional gene networks in skeletal muscle that are co-expressed in blood neutrophils. The original study was performed within an Erwin Schrödinger Fellowship, funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF).
The findings from this collaborative research at Queensland University of Technology has offered new evidence for the acute effects of nitrate-rich beetroot juice on circulating immune cells and platelets in healthy older adults.
The data from this collaborative research at Queensland University of Technology suggest that the exercise-induced secretion of endocrine factors by skeletal muscle (i.e., myokines) and/or other tissues into the blood may contribute to counteracting cancer especially in the older population.
