Oliver Brüggemann

Johannes Kepler University Linz | JKU · Institute of Polymer Chemistry

Four pinaceae pine resins analyzed in this study: black pine, shore pine, Baltic amber, and rosin demonstrate excellent dielectric properties, outstanding film forming, and ease of processability from ethyl alcohol solutions. Their trap‐free nature allows fabrication of virtually hysteresis‐free organic field effect transistors operating in a low v...

The combination of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and inverse opals (IO) have been a point of interest in the past few years due to their potential in sensing applications. At the same time, peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a stable analogue to natural occurring genetic material. In this study, we describe the preparation and characterization o...

Photochemical additive manufacturing technologies can produce complex geometries in short production times and thus have considerable potential as a tool to fabricate medical devices such as individualized patient-specific implants, prosthetics and tissue engineering scaffolds. However, most photopolymer resins degrade only slowly under the mild co...

Photochemical additive manufacturing technologies can produce complex geometries in short production times and thus have considerable potential as a tool to fabricate medical devices such as individualised patient-specific implants, prosthetics and tissue engineering scaffolds. However, most photopolymer resins degrade only slowly under the mild co...

Vinyl esters and carbonates have recently been demonstrated to have considerably lower cytotoxicity than their more commonly used (meth)acrylate counterparts, inspiring their use in the 3D printing of biomaterials. However, the degradation rates of such synthetic photopolymers are slow, especially in the mild conditions present in many biological e...

Bottlebrush polymers are highly promising as unimolecular nanomedicines due to their unique control over the critical parameters of size, shape and chemical function. However, since they are prepared from biopersistent carbon backbones, most known bottlebrush polymers are non-degradable and thus unsuitable for systemic therapeutic administration. H...

Hollow microparticles are important materials, offering a larger surface area and lower density than their solid counterparts. Furthermore, their inner void space can be exploited for the encapsulation and release of guest species in a variety of applications. Herein, we present phosphazene-based silica hollow microparticles prepared via a surfacta...

The control of chain‐ends is fundamental in modern macromolecular chemistry for directed one‐to‐one bioconjugation and the synthesis of advanced architectures such as block copolymers or bottlebrush polymers and the preparation of advanced soft materials. Polyphosphazenes are of growing importance as elastomers, biodegradable materials and in biome...

The design and study of efficient polymer-based drug delivery systems for the controlled release of anticancer drugs is one of the pillars of nanomedicine. The fight against metastatic and invasive cancers demands therapeutic candidates with increased and selective toxicity towards malignant cells, long-term activity and reduced side effects. In th...

The majority of energy storage devices like batteries, fuel cells or electrolyzers require heterogeneous electrodes. Immobilization of redox‐active organic molecules via a polymeric approach seems to be a promising route towards organic electrodes for energy storage via electrocatalysis or in batteries. Although numerous reports on synthesis and ap...

A water-soluble hydrolysate of silk fibroin (SF) (~30 kDa) was esterified with tocopherol, ergocalciferol, and testosterone to form SF aggregates for the controlled delivery of the anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT). Elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectroscopy showed a degree of substitution (DS) on SF of 0.4 to 3.8 mol %. Yields of 58 to 71% on vit...

Despite the current advancements, yet improving the intrinsic structure and external environmental stability of hybrid metal halide perovskite nanomaterials is required for developing efficient perovskite‐based devices. Up‐to‐date, a very attractive method is growing and/or embedding perovskite nanocrystals within organic polymeric matrices, or int...

We report a facile post-polymerization modification route to functionalized aromatic polyimides via Diels-Alder cycloaddition. Aromatic polyimides are important, versatile high-performance polymers; however, their structural diversity is restricted by the requirements of the step-growth polymerization. We prepared polyimides with alkynes in their m...

Molecular communications is a promising framework for the design of controlled-release drug delivery systems. Under this framework, drug carriers, diseased cells, and the channel in between are modeled as transmitters, absorbing receivers, and diffusive channel, respectively. However, existing works on drug delivery systems consider only simple dru...

Molecular communications is a promising framework for the design of controlled-release drug delivery systems. In this framework, drug carriers are modeled as transmitters, the diseased cells as absorbing receivers, and the channel between transmitter and receiver as diffusive channel. However, existing works on drug delivery systems consider only s...

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Ian Teasdale and Yolanda Salinas at the Johannes Kepler University Linz. The image depicts the self‐propelled Janus micromotors reported in this work. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202004792. “In this project, we saw the perfect opportunity to combine our work in an exciting fi...

Self‐propelled micromotors with a reversible braking system are shown. Manganese ions are embedded in microporous silica nanoparticles to catalyse the degradation of the H2O2 “fuel” to water and gaseous oxygen. The bubbles formation propels the microparticles in a rapid forward‐thrusting motion. The micromotors are decorated with thermoresponsive p...

The ability to prepare block, multiblock and segmented polymers is an essential and established tool in polymer chemistry to tailor the properties of materials and steer the formation of complex...

Using water as an additive, high photoluminescence quantum yields were obtained from methylammonium and formamidinium lead bromide nanoparticles, which formed thin solid films with extraordinary fluorescence and stability under ambient conditions.

We report the design of easily accessible, photocleavable meso-methyl BODIPY monomers suitably functionalised for incorporation into macromolecules. Firstly a BODIPY-diol as a novel AA-type bifunctional monomer is reported. Secondly, from...

Herein we report a reversible braking system for micromotors which can be controlled by small temperature changes (≈5°C). To achieve this, gated‐mesoporous organosilica microparticles are internally loaded with metal catalysts (to form the motor) and the exterior (partially) grafted with thermosensitive bottle‐brush polyphosphazenes to form Janus p...

Porous organosilica microparticles consisting of silane-derived cyclophosphazene bridges were synthesized by a surfactant-mediated sol-gel process. Starting from the substitution of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene with allylamine, two different precursors were obtained by anchoring three or six alkoxysilane units, via a thiol-ene photoaddition reacti...

This work reports on an optimized procedure to synthesize methylammonium bromide perovskite nanoparticles. The ligand-assisted precipitation synthetic pathway for preparing nanoparticles is a cost-effective and promising method due to its ease of scalability, affordable equipment requirements and convenient operational temperatures. Nevertheless, t...

Photon cooling via anti-Stokes photoluminescence (ASPL) is a promising approach to realize all-solid-state cryo-refrigeration by photoexcitation. Photoluminescence quantum yields close to 100 % and a strong coupling between phonons and excited states are required to achieve net cooling. We have studied the anti-Stokes photoluminescence of thin film...

A switchable silane derived stimuli-responsive bottle-brush polyphosphazene (PPz) was prepared and attached to the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The hybrid polymer with PEG-like Jeffamine® M-2005 side-arms undergo conformational changes in response to both pH and temperature due to its amphiphilic substituents and protonatable...

Herein we present hybrid mesoporous silica nanomaterials (MSN) with visible light-sensitive ruthenium complexes acting as gates. Two different [Ru(bpy)2L1L2]2+ complexes were investigated by grafting [Ru(bpy)2(4AMP)2](PF6)2 (RC1) and [Ru(bpy)2(PPh3)Cl]Cl (RC2) via two or one ligands onto the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), to giv...

The synthesis and characterisation of novel polyphosphazene nanocarriers, based on hydrophilic polyalkylene oxide Jeffamine M1000 and hydrophobic steroids with a glycinate linker for pH-controlled release of diosgenin and two brassinosteroids (DI31 and S7) with agrochemical and potential anticancer activity, is hereby described. Polyphosphazenes ca...

Herein we present the design, synthesis and characterization of fully degradable hybrid, star-branched dendritic polyols. First multi-armed polyphosphazenes were prepared as a star-branched scaffold which upon functionalization produced globular branched glyceryl-functionalized polymers with >1700 peripheral functional (OH) end groups. These polyol...

Within this work we aimed to improve the pharmacodynamics and toxicity profile of organoruthenium and -rhodium complexes which had previously been found to be highly potent in vitro but showed unselective activity in vivo. Different organometallic complexes were attached to a degradable poly(organo)phosphazene macromolecule, prepared via controlled...

.

This feature article briefly highlights some of the recent advances in polymers in which phosphorus is an integral part of the backbone, with a focus on the preparation of functional, highly branched, soluble polymers. A comparison is made between the related families of materials polyphosphazenes, phosphazene/phosphorus-based dendrimers and polyph...

In this paper we present the preparation and application of a novel soluble phosphine functionalized polyphosphazene (poly[3-(diphenylphosphino)propylamino]phosphazene) and investigate its application as a polymeric reagent. Upon chlorination of the pendant phosphine groups, the polymer was found to facilitate the rapid and efficient transformation...

The preparation of novel macromolecular prodrugs via the conjugation of two platinum(IV) complexes to suitably functionalized poly(organo)phosphazenes is presented. The inorganic/organic polymers provide carriers with controlled dimensions due to the use of living cationic polymerization and allow the preparation of conjugates with excellent aqueou...

A novel series of peptide based hybrid polymers designed to undergo enzymatic degradation is presented, via macrosubstitution of a polyphosphazene backbone with the tetrapeptide Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly. Further co-substitution of the hybrid polymers with hydrophilic polyalkylene oxide Jeffamine M-1000 leads to water soluble and biodegradable hybrid polymer...

A new synthetic procedure is described for the preparation of poly(organo)phosphazenes with star-branched and star dendritic molecular brush type structures, thus describing the first time it has been possible to prepare controlled, highly branched architectures for this type of polymer. Furthermore, as a result of the extremely high-arm density ge...

Photochemically initiated thiol-ene addition chemistry was used to prepare an aliphatic polythioether, which was applied as a thiosynergist in combination with macromolecular phenolic antioxidants for the thermal oxidative stabilization of polyolefins. Blends with polypropylene showed an extraordinary oxidative stability due to synergistic effects...

The aim of this paper is to give a comprehensive overview of the effects of different fiber types on the properties (flexural/tensile strength and modulus, notched and unnotched impact resistance, heat deflection temperature, density) of injection molded short fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites. The fiber length in the composite materials wa...

Photo-polymerizable scaffolds are designed and prepared via short chain poly(organo)phosphazene building blocks bearing glycine allylester moieties. The polyphosphazene was combined with a trifunctional thiol and divinylester in various ratios, followed by thiol-ene photo-polymerization to obtain porous matrices. Degradation studies under aqueous c...

Two series of water soluble novel conjugates of the photosensitizer hypericin were prepared and evaluated for their use as agents for photodynamic therapy, with covalently and non-covalently loaded hypericin on functionalised, hydrolytically degradable inorganic-organic hybrid polyphosphazenes. The conjugates showed excellent aqueous solubility and...

The aim of our study was, to give a comprehensive overview of the effects of different fiber types on the properties of short-fiber-reinforced polypropylene (PP). Therefore, various types of short-cut fibers, in particular aramid (AF), basalt (BF), carbon (CF), glass (GF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN F), polyethylene terephthalate (PET F) and novoloid (...

Microcapsules are synthesized via the self-assembly of silk-fibroin microspheres with polycaprolactone in a colliodosome preparation procedure. The microsphere building blocks with controlled diameter are prepared from the naturally occurring biopolymer, silk fibroin, and then act as stabilizers for oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion and organized themsel...

A simple polymerization of trichlorophosphoranimine (Cl3 P = N-SiMe3 ) mediated by functionalized triphenylphosphines is presented. In situ initiator formation and the subsequent polymerization progress are investigated by (31) P NMR spectroscopy, demonstrating a living cationic polymerization mechanism. The polymer chain lengths and molecular weig...

A series of polyphosphazenes with molecular brush type structures have been prepared with controlled molecular weights and narrow polydispersities. The polymers show lower critical solution temperatures (LCST) between 18 and 90 °C, which can be easily tailored by choice of side-substituent to suit the required application. A temperature triggered s...

The synthesis of a series of novel, water-soluble poly(organophosphazenes) prepared via living cationic polymerization is presented. The degradation profiles of the polyphosphazenes prepared are analyzed by GPC, (31)P NMR spectroscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy in aqueous media and show tunable degradation rates ranging from days to months, adjusted...

Among the synthetic fibers, glass fibers (GF) are most widely used in thermoplastic short-fiber-reinforced polymers (SFRP), as they offer good strength and stiffness, impact resistance, chemical resistance, and thermal stability at a low price. Carbon fibers (CF) are applied instead of GF, when highest stiffness is required. Other types of syntheti...

Polyphosphazenes are a unique family of inorganic polymers with an unparalleled broad spectrum of properties. Furthermore, these properties can be easily fine-tuned by organic side-group substituents to give poly(organo)phosphazenes with precisely desired characteristics making them valuable tools to prepare multifunctional, advanced materials for...

Novel macromolecular antioxidants with multiple hindered phenolic antioxidant moieties along a linear, unsaturated olefinic backbone are prepared and their antioxidative ability in polypropylene (PP) blends is investigated. Firstly, α,ω-diene monomers bearing one alcohol functionality are prepared from 10-undecenoic acid, sourced from the renewable...

Using living cationic polymerization, a series of polyphosphazenes is prepared with precisely controlled molecular weights and narrow polydispersities. As well as varying chain length through the use of a living polymerization, amine-capped polyalkylene oxide (Jeffamine) side chains with varied lengths are grafted to the polymer backbone to give a...

Poly[(organo)phosphazenes] are a unique class of extremely versatile polymers with a range of applications including tissue engineering and drug delivery, as hydrogels, shape memory polymers and as stimuli responsive materials. This review aims to divulge the basic principles of designing polyphosphazenes for drug and gene delivery and portray the...

Numerous strategies to improve the fiber–matrix interaction in natural fiber composites (NFCs) and wood polymer composites (WPCs) have been proposed and investigated. We have reviewed literature on polyolefin‐based NFCs and WPCs to get an overview of the current state of the art of compatibilization methods. Those are classified in two categories h...

The naturally occurring drug hypericin has invoked much interest in a wide variety of biomedical applications as an antiviral, antibacterial, or antitumor agent, as well as its use as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. However, hypericin suffers from notoriously poor solubility, in particular in aqueous solution, a requirement for many bio...

For the development and modification of low-emission binder systems for the woodworking industry a fast and simple determination method of the formaldehyde emission potential is essential. Up to now, the evaluation of glues has been complicated by long-winded and laborious methods. During panel manufacture, the hot pressing parameters significantly...

Strenge Hierarchie: Die Polymerisation von Vinylgruppen an Nanohybridbausteinen führt auf einfache Weise zu nanoporösen 3D-Gerüsten mit großen Oberflächen (bis 900 m2 g−1). Der Einsatz von Poren erzeugendem Lösungsmittel ergab hierarchisch strukturierte poröse Materialien mit ausgezeichneten Durchflusseigenschaften in mikrofluidischen Dimensionen.

Etherified melamine resins are well known from the lacquer and paint industry. Up to now, important characterization in terms of composition and structure has been a time-consuming procedure. Now, fast analysis can also be achieved by use of 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A special polarization transfer technique was applied to overco...

Using a living cationic polymerisation procedure we synthesised a series of multi-armed poly(organo)phosphazenes with controlled molecular weights and excellent aqueous solubility. The synthetic flexibility of polyphosphazenes was exploited in order to incorporate an acid-sensitive hydrazide linker to the polymer backbone, as well as tumour-targeti...

Porous polymer monoliths are considered to be one of the major breakthroughs in separation science. These materials are well known to be best suited for the separation of large molecules, specifically proteins, an observation most often explained by convective mass transfer and the absence of small pores in the polymer scaffold. However, this conce...

We have investigated the free-radical copolymerization dynamics of styrene and divinylbenzene in the presence of micro- and macro-porogenic diluents in 100 μm I.D. sized molds under conditions of slow thermal initiation leading to (macro)porous poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) monolithic scaffolds. These specifically designed experiments allowed the...

Macroporous monolithic poly(butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) stationary phases were synthesized in the confines of 100 microm I.D. fused-silica capillaries via a free radical copolymerization of mono and divinyl monomeric precursors in the presence of porogenic diluents. These columns were used in order to determine their suitability...

Neue, verbesserte Katalysatoren und effizientere Prozesse entscheiden über den Erfolg von Techniken wie Fischer-Tropsch-Synthese und Methanol-Downstream-Verfahren zur CO2-Reduktion. Weiterhin forscht die technische Chemie zunehmend für innovative Materialien und deren Herstellung.

Porous polymer monoliths have emerged as unique materials for many applications, including liquid-chromatographic analyses at an unrivaled speed, solid-phase extraction, and enzyme immobilization in capillary and microfluidic chip format. This article reviews the state of the art in the preparation of monoliths in narrow-bore capillaries and microf...

Bestimmendes Thema sowohl in der klassischen als auch in der biokatalytischen Chemie ist die Effizienzsteigerung, etwa bei neuen Katalysatoren, Reaktoren oder Prozessen. Dabei geht es um Verfahren, die Wasserstoff erzeugen oder Biomasse verwerten.

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) shells are presented which have been synthesised by co-polymerising a functional monomer and a cross-linker around amino-functionalised silica particles with template molecules immobilised on their surfaces. In a subsequent step, the silica cores together with the template molecules have been dissolved by treatme...

Molecularly imprinted membranes are known to be applicable as recognition elements in separation, extraction and sensors, however, not as catalysts. In this paper, two different formats of molecularly imprinted membranes were generated and used as catalysts in a dehydrofluorination reaction. The first format was based on cellulose filter membranes...

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been synthesised and applied as catalysts in the Diels-Alder cycloaddition of hexachlorocyclopentadiene and maleic acid. For this purpose, MIPs were generated either via bulk polymerisation, or with templates immobilised on silica particles leading to MIP shells. The performances of these differently produ...

A new and fast technique for screening combinatorial libraries of molecularly imprinted polymers is presented. The procedure is based on commercially available membrane modules which are rinsed with pre-polymerization imprinting mixtures. After the in situ polymerization and generation of MIP films on the PTFE membranes within the modules, the memb...

Polymeric catalysts to be applied in the Diels–Alder cycloaddition of hexachlorocyclopentadiene and maleic acid have been prepared via molecular imprinting with template molecules immobilized on silica particles. These enzyme mimicking polymers exhibit specific catalytic effects compared to non-imprinted control polymers or polymer-free solutions....

Molecular imprinting technology can be used to generate specific artificial polymeric receptors, i.e., high affinity stationary phases, as already shown for peptides and many other food ingredients. In this work, polymers have been molecularly imprinted with three exemplary antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT...

Molecular imprinting technology can be used to generate specific artificial polymeric receptors, i.e., high affinity stationary phases, as already shown for peptides and many other food ingredients. In this work, polymers have been molecularly imprinted with three exemplary antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT...

Particular emulsion compositions of divinylbenzene, octane, and methyl methacrylate, dispersed with sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant into a glycerol suspension medium, exhibit bright colors upon illumination with white light. The colors shift across the visible spectrum as a function of temperature and emulsion composition. As described in this pa...

. Upon emulsification of a mixture of methyl methacrylate or methacrylic acid monomer, along with divinylbenzene crosslinker and octane porogen into a glycerol suspension medium, brightly colored emulsions form. The bright colors of the emulsion originate from an exact matching of the refractive index of the emulsion droplets with that of the glyce...

The chapter describes the concept of molecular imprinting. This technology allows the fabrication of artificial polymeric receptors applicable in many areas of biotechnology. Polymers imprinted with selected template molecules can be used as specific recognition elements in sensors or as selective stationary phases in affinity chromatography or in...

Molecular imprinting is a way of creating polymers bearing artificial receptors. It allows the fabrication of highly selective plastics by polymerizing monomers in the presence of a template. This technique primarily had been developed for the generation of biomimetic materials to be used in chromatographic separation, in extraction approaches and...