Oleksandr E. Smirnov

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• PhD
• Associate Professor at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv

Osmotic regulation, which involves low molecular weight protectors like amino acids and phenolic compounds, is one mechanism by which agricultural crops adapt to drought. We investigated the impact of moderate soil drought on the dynamics and distribution of free amino acids, phenols, and flavonoids in 18-day-old drought-resistant plants of Triticu...

Acid rain (AR) is a global environmental problem that causes a number of morphological, physiological and molecular changes in plants. N-acyl homoserine lactones, as bacterial quorum sensing signal molecules, mediate a number of physiological processes in plants. In this study, we have demonstrated for the first time the stressprotective role of...

Metallic nanostructures, especially silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have already found multiple applications in modern industry , science and medicine. Still, the production of nano-sized compounds often leads to the formation of toxic byproducts and possesses substantial environmental hazard. One of the promising solutions for the ecofriendly creatio...

Perspective applications of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) stimulate intense research on their affordable synthesis, including green routes. The use of fungi extracts has advantages over other organisms, because of their relatively easy isolation and higher efficiency in a reduction of metal ions and NP formation. Here we report mycosynthesis of AgNPs base...

Metallic nanoparticles of different compositions have already found numerous applications in various branches of industry, agriculture, and medicine. Given the well-known antibacterial activity of Ag, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are constantly being investigated for their promising ability to fight antibiotic-resistant pathogens. A promising candi...

Colloidal silver nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using fungi extract (Ganoderma lucidum) as a reducing and stabilizing agent are studied as a “substrate” for enhancement of Raman scattering (SERS) of analyte molecules. The NPs obtained are nearly spherical with a mean size of 20–30 nm, as proved by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic lig...

Fungi produce and excrete various proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides, and secondary metabolites, which may be used as media for the "green" synthesis of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs). ZnO NPs with a flower-like morphology were synthesized by an affordable colloidal route, using an aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum as a reducing age...

Physical, chemical and green synthesis procedures can all be used for the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). However, plant-based green synthesis has shown outstanding results. In this study, aqueous extract of inflorescences, leaves and rhizomes of common toothwort (Lathraea squamaria L.) were prepared and their antiradical potency, polyp...

Розвиток технологій зеленого синтезу створює ефективні інструменти для синтезу наноматеріалів, що забезпечує зменшення негативного впливу хімічних і фізичних методів, а також зниження ризиків нанотехнологій. У статті запропоновано біосинтез наночасток срібла з антибактеріальною активністю проти Micrococcus luteus — опортуністичного збудника, що зда...

Introduction Plants are often exposed to short-term temperature stresses (average 2-4 hours) or “temperature drops”. It is in the first hours of stress (alarm phase of response) that metabolic changes occur, which go on to contribute to the formation of the primary stress-induced response. Materials and Methods Winter rye Secale cereale L. ‘Bogusl...

Increasing levels of cadmium contamination of ecocenoses, primarily due to the application of phosphorus fertilizers and industrial activity requires research into the mechanisms of manifestation of its toxicity for plants at all levels of the organization of the plant organism, starting from the general morpho-anatomical changes of individual orga...

In the field of nanobiotechnology, nanomedicine and nanobiomaterials, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used as an antimicrobial and antifungal agent. One of the most efficient approaches to AgNPs production is eco-friendly or “green” synthesis. The present research is devoted to the phytosynthesis of AgNPs using, as bioreductant, the aqueous extrac...

За допомогою стандартної системи Allium-тест досліджено вплив розчину квантових точок на основі те луриду кадмію (CdTe КТ) як потужного цитостатичного ефектора. Цитостатичні ефекти експериментального розчину CdTe КТ на організменному рівні виявлялися у зниженні лінійного приросту та біомаси коренів Allium cepa L., тоді як на рівні проліферативної а...

The affordable and scalable synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles that are biocompatible without additional functionalization steps has been a growing field of research, stimulated by numerous prospective applications of these NPs. In the case of phytosynthesized or biogenic noble metal NPs, the mechanism of NP stabilization by biomolecules contai...

The influence of different concentrations of cadmium on root elongation, exudative activity of roots and seminal root angle of two wheat genotypes: common bread wheat – Triticum aestivum L. (cv. 'Favorytka') and emmer wheat – Triticum dicoccum Schrank. (cv. 'Holikovska') have been studied in the germination stage. Rapid changes in morphofunctional...

Green synthesis of different nanoparticles using the plants aqueous extracts has several advantages over other methods due to the environmentally favorable nature of plants. Moreover, such approach is also cost effective. This work describes the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) with the use of the aqueous extract of dry pericarps of ho...

The effects of water deficit modelling by polyethylene glycol (PEG), metal nanoparticles (NPs) and their combined action on water status, chlorophyll fluorescence and pigments composition in the leaves of three drought tolerant wheat genotypes – Triticum aestivum L. (Trypilska and Favorytka cultivars) and Triticum dicoccum Schrank. (cv. Holikovska)...

The effect of solutions of cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QD) as powerful cytotoxic effectors was investigated using a standard Allium cepa L. test system. The diameters of synthesized CdTe QD derived from the optical data varied within 3-4 nm. Toxicity of experimental solutions of CdTe QD at the organism level were evaluated by measuring bio...

Toxic effect of aluminum contamination is one of the causes of valuable crops yield loss all over the world. It is considered that plants' phenolic compounds play a key role in aluminium detoxification by chelation of aluminium ions in the aboveground part of aluminium-accumulating plants. However, recent evidence shows the chelating ligands involv...

Common buckwheat is a significant culture in Ukraine, whose importance for food security has increased in recent decades. An important biological feature of buckwheat is the ability of the crop to grow on poor and especially acidic soils. Common buck-wheat was sown in Ukraine on the area of 125,000 ha in 2020, mainly in the central part of the coun...

The influence of drought stress modelling by polyethene glycol (PEG) on water status, total soluble protein, proline and carbohydrates content in the roots and leaves tissues of three drought resistance wheat genotypes-Triticum aestivum L. (Podolianka, Favorytka) and Triticum dicoccum Schrank. (Holikovska) have been studied. Tested varieties of bre...

The selection of conditions for the callusogenesis introduction of two anthocyanin contrasting varieties of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) — Lolo Bionda (green) and Lolo Rossa (red) was approved. The effect of phytohormonal ratio, treatment with sterilizing agents on the induction of callusogenesis, calli area, consistency and structure of the six-wee...

Wheat genus belongs to the main grain crops in Ukraine and in the world. An important element of its cultivation technology, which affects productivity, is the use of high yield varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stressors. Therefore, the aim of a study was evaluation of polyethylene glycol-modeling drought stress adaptive responses of diffe...

Advances in nanotechnology in various fields of human activity contribute to increase of their production, improved properties and wider implementation of nanomaterials. However, increasing use may enhance their release into the environment and can lead to affecting human health. The toxicity of colloidal solutions of metal nanoparticles (Cu, Mn) a...

Phenolic compounds (PCs) in plants play an important role in growth control and have antioxidant, structural, attractant, signaling and protective functions. Information on the discovery, study and identification of phenolic compounds in plants, their role in the complex system of secondary metabolites has been analyzed and summarized. The function...

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most common vegetables. Its high nutritional value is caused by containing vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids. In addition, red leaf lettuce is rich in phenolics that are known to be antioxidants, which means that they can scavenge free radicals and therefore neutralize th...

In field conditions, crops are faced to huge number of abiotic and biotic factors that cause stress which negatively affects crop growth leading to yield losses. Monitoring of vegetation can prevent yield losses and thus complete one of the main tasks of modern sustainable and adaptive agriculture. Therefore, there is a demand for effective diagnos...

Aluminum (Al) nanoscales have been applied in many areas of production industries to produce cosmetic fillers, packaging materials, cutting tools, glass products, metal products, semiconductor materials, plastics, etc. Several studies have demonstrated the contradictory data for positive and negative effects of Al nanoscales on plants. The total le...

Using the standard Allium-test system, the phytotoxicities of Cu- and Mn-containing nanocolloids obtained in the absence and presence of a stabilizer are compared. The toxicities of the studied solutions are assessed by growth indicators of Allium cepa L. roots, and their cytotoxicity by the proliferative activity of the root meristem cells. Soluti...

Under controlled conditions, the effect of high (40°C, 2 h) and positive low (4°C, 2 h) temperatures on the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells of the leaf and the content of photosynthetic pigments, phenols, and flavonoids in 2-week-old Triticum spelta plants was studied. The ultrastructure of the mesophyll cells of the leaf of the control plants wa...

The ultrastructure of the surface of leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera L. and four species of Magnolia L.: M. tripetala (L.) L., M. denudata Desr., M. liliiflora Desr., M. salicifolia ( Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. were studied by means of light and scanning electron microscopy. It is shown that the ultrastructure of the surface of the puff pastry, in t...

Aluminum (Al) is most widespread element in the lithosphere. Toxicity of its ions has noticeably negative effects on growth and development of plants species growing on acid soils. Al influence manifests as limitation of the productivity of crop plants by 30 - 40 %. At the same time, it was observed that Al applied at low concentrations can stimula...

Nanotechnology is an industry that is fleetingly developing and has a significant impact on the economy, society, and the environment. Nowadays, in crop production usage of powders of nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous nanoparticles of silicon dioxide, colloidal solutions of nanometals, etc. are widely apply. However, data on the phytotoxi...

Effects of high (40 °C, 2 h) and positive low (4 °C, 2 ÷) temperatures on the ultrastructure of leaf mesophyll cells, content of photosynthetic pigments, phenols and flavonoids were studied under controlled conditions in two-week-old plants of Triticum spelta. The ultrastructure of leaf mesophyll cells in the control sample was typical: in chloropl...

The use of colloidal solutions of metals as micronutrients enhances plant resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions and ensures high yields of food crops. The purpose of the study was a comparative evaluation of presowing treatment with nanomolybdenum and microbiological preparation impact upon the development of adaptive responses in chic...

A new effective non-invasive method of screening of highly productive forms of buckwheat sowing (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) based on rapid testing of buckwheat seedling intensity exudation of organic acids root system in the laboratory is offered. Buckwheat seeds were germinated on agar gel layer which contains in its composition acid-base indic...

Buckwheat genus (Fagopyrum Mill.) is one of the aluminium tolerant taxonomic units of plants. The aim of the study was an evaluation of the aluminium (50 μM) effect on phenolic accumulation in various parts of buckwheat plants (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). Detection of increasing of total phenolic content, changes in flavonoid and anthocyanin con...

Effects of different concentrations of retardant chlormequat chloride on hypocotyl and first internode lengths of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) were investigated. It was established that treatment of buckwheat plants with chlormequat chloride before presowing led to: reduction of stem length, activation of early and intensive lign...

We studied the effect of aluminium ions on morphometric traits and water status of common buckwheat. It was carried out a screening study of stomatal parameters at leaf epidermis generated under aluminium-acid stress. Addition of aluminium to the growth medium led to decrease in stomatal density on both leaf sides and partial or total stomatal clos...

Aliminium toxicity is major limiting factor of crop production in acidic soils. It is known that mechanisms of toxic effects of aluminium are differing in biochemical characters, research of aluminium toxicity complicated by variety of its chemical forms and migration in soil and water ability. The root exudates qualitative composition of common bu...

Aluminium influence on some stomatal parameters of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) was studied. Significant changes in stomatal density, stomatal index and stomatal shape coefficient under aluminium treatment were revealed. Stomatal closure and no difference in total stomatal potential conductance index of treatment plants were sugg...

Flavonoids are important secondary plant metabolites with many and diverse key functions that belong to largest class of substances produced by plants – phenylpro-panoids. These substances are of interested among plant and animal biochemists, plant pathologists, geneticists and biotechnologists. Flavonoids rutin and anthocyanin as herbal compounds...

Flavonoids are important secondary plant metabolites with many and diverse key functions that belong to largest class of substances produced by plants – phenylpro-panoids. These substances are of interested among plant and animal biochemists, plant pathologists, geneticists and biotechnologists. Flavonoids rutin and anthocyanin as herbal compounds...