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Publications (117)
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a toxic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic species. Its origin is in industrial activities. Therefore, its effective control is realized on a source basis. Although chemical methods proved effective in removing Cr(VI) from wastewaters, more economic solutions with a minimum sludge production have been sought....
A.S.) † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: The definition of technologies capable of removing and recovering nutrients from polluting effluents is a key environmental challenge. Through these technologies, it would be possible to protect aquatic systems and prevent the consumption of natural resources for the production of co...
The impact of nutrients on the environment, particularly on water bodies, has led to extensive studies for nutrient control. Within this context, studies have been focused on source separation of human urine from domestic wastewater to recover nutrients. Potassium is one of the most important components of human urine. However, data on potassium re...
The study explored the merit of chemically enhanced biodegradation of high organic matter as a sustainable treatment scheme for industrial wastewaters. For this purpose, an integrated, chemically enhanced activated sludge configuration was tested for confectionary effluents with a COD level of around 10.000 mg L-1. In this configuration, chemical s...
The impact of nutrients on the environment, particularly on water bodies, has led to extensive studies for nutrient control. Within this context, studies have been focused on source separation of human urine from domestic wastewater to recover nutrients. Potassium is one of the most important components of human urine. However, data on potassium re...
In this study, sulfate radical-based oxidation of an alcohol ethoxylate (AE) was explored by persulfate (PS)/UV-C process. Poly(oxyethylene)(4)laurylether, commercially known as Brij30®, was used as a model AE. (PS)/UV-C oxidation of aqueous Brij30® (8–20 mg/L) was performed at initial PS concentrations varying between 0.50 and 6.50 mM and at initi...
In this paper, experimental studies were conducted for the removal of fluoride by electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes and with synthetic samples. The purpose of the study was to investigate the removal potential of fluoride on the electrodes rather than onto the sludge. Fluoride removal via accumulation on the electrode is carried...
Several physico-chemical treatment methods such as membrane processes, air stripping, ion exchange , and electrochemical oxidation are addressed for the recovery of nutrients from source separated human urine, among them, chemical precipitation is a promising one since the nutrients are effectively transformed into solid phase which can directly be...
In this study characterization and biological treat-ability of tablet production wastewaters of a pharmaceutical industry were assessed. Source-based wastewater characterization of tablet, pastille, effervescent tablets and chewing tablet productions indicated variable strength of wastewaters with COD values between 1030 and 6700 mg/L. Biological t...
Heavy metals are among the most important pollutants due to their effects on living organisms. While hydroxide precipitation is the most common, efficient and practical method for the control of heavy metals, its performance is not adequate for a few heavy metals. Lead is among these exceptions. While a broad literature is available for hydroxide p...
Wastewaters originating from alkyd resin production are typical examples of strong organic effluents containing toxic compounds. In this study, characterization and pretreatment of alkyd resin production wastewaters were experimentally assessed. The study aimed to remove toxics, reduce the strength of wastewaters to provide safe storage and their a...
The control of nutrients is a priority issue to protect drinking water resources as well as other water bodies. Although this control can be ensured through well designed joint treatment systems in cities, its application in rural areas is not as technically feasible. Therefore, the concept of decentralized treatment and source separation of domest...
In the present study, defluoridation of drinking water by electrocoagulation using stainless steel electrodes was experimentally investigated. In order to determine the effect of electrocoagulation operation parameters such as the applied current density (0.75-15.16 mA/cm 2), initial pH (3.0-6.0), initial fluoride concentration (2-5 mg/L) and type...
Struvite precipitation has been applied to several types of wastewater for removal and recovery of nutrients. Engineering criteria for these applications, particularly crystallization, have yet to be developed. In the present study, effects of solution composition on the induction period and crystallization rate of struvite were experimentally inve...
In the present study, the reaction conditions required for the oxidation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), being selected as a model endocrine disrupting compound, with the H2O2/UV-C treatment process were optimized using central composite design and response surface methodology (CCD–RSM). Initial DMP (DMPo = 20–100 mg/L) concentration, initial H2O2 dos...
In the present study aqueous solutions of Brij30, an alcohol ethoxylate surfactant, were photocatalytically and photochemically treated by employing the TiO2/UV-A, H2O2/UV-C and persulfate (PS)/UV-C processes. During TiO2/UV-A treatment, even in short reaction periods (10 minutes), high rates of Brij30 removals were achieved; however, longer experi...
In the present study, ettringite precipitation was theoretically and experimentally evaluated as a means of sulphate removal. The results showed that ettringite precipitation is an effective and reliable method for sulphate removal. Synthetically prepared samples which were simulated to total wastewaters originating from textile industry (sulphate...
Phthalic acid esters, commonly called as phthalates, are of a common use in the industrial activities and are known with their hazardous impact on the environment and on humans such as endocrine disrupting agents, carcinogenic and toxic effects. These adverse effects have led to increasing interest and research on the treatment and control of phtha...
In the present study, the treatability of indigo dyeing effluents by the electrocoagulation (EC) process using stainless steel electrodes was experimentally investigated. The samples used were concentrated with main pollutant parameters of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (1000–1100 mg/L), reduced sulphur species (over 2000 mg , and colour (0.12–0.13 1...
In the present study, ettringite precipitation as an alternative treatment option for sulphate removal from indigo dyeing wastewaters was investigated. The conversion of reduced sulphur species, present in indigo dyeing wastewaters was experimentally evaluated by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation and catalytic-air oxidation. Calcium sulphate preci...
In the present study, visible and UV-A light induced photocatalysis of aqueous solutions of formic and oxalic acid with S-doped, Fe-loaded TiO2 (SFT) was investigated. The effect of formic and oxalic acid concentrations (50 and 100 mg/L), initial pH (3 and 7) and catalyst concentrations (5 and 10 g/L) under visible or UV-A light on degradation rate...
In the present study, a three-factor central composite design (CCD) was implemented to evaluate the major factors (treatment time, initial H2O2 dose and initial diethyl phthalate (DEP) concentration) influencing the H2O2/UV-C treatment of aqueous DEP solution. Significant regression models for total organic carbon (TOC) removal and residual H2O2 co...
Cost-effective methods are required to treat a wide range of wastewater pollutants in a diverse range of conditions. As compared with traditional treatment methods, electrocoagulation provides a relatively compact and robust treatment alternative in which sacrificial metal anodes initiate electrochemical reactions that provide active metal cations...
Colour removal from industrial effluents, particularly from the textile industry, has become an important requirement as the adverse effects ofdyestuffs, such as toxicity, on the environment have been proven. Adsorption is a commonly used treatment method for colour removal. Although activated carbon is very effective for this purpose, a number of...
This study makes a comparison between Fenton and photo-Fenton processes to study the mineralization of aqueous dimethyl phthalate (DMP) solutions, which was chosen as the model phthalate ester. At [Fe2+] 0:[H2O2]o ratio of 1:5 with initial Fe 2+ and H2O2 concentrations of 10 mM and 50 mM provided the best operation condition for the Fenton treatmen...
In the present study, the treatability of an aluminium surface treatment effluent bearing high amount of fluoride (3360-6440 mg/L) and aluminium (2695-4690 mg/L) together with organic matter (340-370 mg COD/L) by electrocoagulation using aluminium electrodes was studied. The effect of varying operating parameters such as the applied current density...
In the present study, the treatability of wastewaters originating from water-based paint production with latex binders was investigated. The results of characterization study indicated that the wastewaters can exhibit variable characters during the production depending on washing period, and their COD contents varied between 2800 and 15,990 mg/L. C...
In this study, the degradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), taken as model compound for phthalate esters, by the photo-assisted peroxymonosulfate (PMS) process was investigated. The high oxidation potential of hydroxyl and sulfate radicals generated by the activation of PMS under UV-C light irradiation was used to completely oxidize aqueous DMP sol...
Oxidation of a spent reactive dye bath containing a mixture of Remazol brand dyes as well as two main inorganic additives
was carried out using ozone and decolorization was obtained in a relatively short time (10–30 min) and ozone utilizations
were between 329 and 1609 mg. The spent dye bath oxidation could not be represented by any simple kinetics...
In the present study, the treatability of aqueous DEP solution employing H2O2/UV-C oxidation and the changes in acute and/or chronic toxicity of untreated and H2O2/UV-C treated DEP solutions was investigated. For DEP removal and its ultimate oxidation (mineralization), an optimum initial H2O2 concentration of 40 mM was required. The HO• bimolecular...
In the present study, the treatment of metal plating wastewater containing complexed metals originating from the nickel and zinc plating process by electrocoagulation (EC) using stainless steel electrodes was explored. In order to improve the organic matter removal efficiency, the effect of H(2)O(2) addition to the electrocoagulation (the combined...
In the present study, the treatment of aqueous dimethyl phthalate (DMP) by the combined electrocoagulation/Fenton (EC/Fenton) process was investigated. Compared with plain electrocoagulation, the combined EC/Fenton process proved to be a more effective treatment alternative both considering complete DMP degradation and organic matter removal in ter...
In this paper, characterization and treatability of water-based paint manufacture wastewaters were assessed. The aim of the study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of replacement of the conventional binder PVA with latex. Binder is an important component of paint production and one of the determining elements of wastewater characteristics. W...
In this study, struvite precipitation coupled with an activated sludge process was applied to slaughterhouse wastewaters. Biological treatability characteristics of the wastewater were evaluated in a wide organic loading range of 0.06-0.42 g COD (g MLVSS)(-1)d(-1) to assess COD removal as well as the extent of nitrification. Results of biological t...
In this study, treatment of phthalates by electrocoagulation employing stainless steel electrodes was investigated using dimethyl phthalate (DMP) as a model compound. DMP was completely destructed within 30 min up to the high initial concentration of 100mg/L while total mineralization was also obtained within a couple of hours. The applied current...
This paper discusses the feasibility of the ultraviolet radiation-hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)/UV-C) process as an advanced oxidation process (AOP) in the treatment of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC). Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) was chosen as the model compound owing to its classification as an EDC. Experiments have been conducted at various pH va...
In this paper, application of electrocoagulation using common electrode materials (aluminum and stainless steel) to a simulated reactive dyebath effluent was investigated. A mixture of dyes and auxiliary chemicals rather than a single dyestuff was employed to reflect actual reactive dyeing conditions. The experimental study focused on the effect of...
In this paper, the results of a comprehensive study on Istanbul's industrial pretreatment sludges are presented. 1042 industrial plants were applying pretreatment in Istanbul. The information gathered from several sources and site visits. Evaluation of the data, together with theoretical predictions indicated that total amount of pretreatment sludg...
In this study, struvite precipitation of human urine was experimentally studied on both synthetic and actual urine samples. One of the main conclusions of the study was that removal of the ions constituting struvite from the solution was not in proportion with the stoichiometry of the solid and excess magnesium and phosphate removals varied from 2....
In the present study, the treatability of a metal plating wastewater containing complexed metals originating from the nickel and zinc plating process by electrocoagulation using stainless steel electrodes was experimentally investigated. The study focused on the effect of important operation parameters on electrocoagulation process performance in t...
This study attempts to evaluate the applicability of chemical oxidation processes to polish biologically treated effluent of a plant manufacturing hardboard from waste paper to comply with the discharge limit of 120 mg l(-1) chemical oxygen demand (COD). In the first step, a chemically assisted settling was applied. The optimum results were obtaine...
Reactive dyebath effluents are ideal candidates for electrocoagulation due to their intensive color, medium strength, recalcitrant COD and high electrolyte (NaCl) content. The present study focused on the treatability of simulated reactive dyebath effluent (COD(o)=300 mg/L; color in terms of absorbance values A(o,436)=0.532 cm(-1), A(o,525)=0.693 c...
Pharmaceuticals formulation plants have a variety of wastewater sources. A significant part of these wastewaters can be directly conducted to central biological treatment. Among the wastewater groups that need a pretreatment, antibiotic wastewaters require a special attention due to their toxicity to biological treatment and low biodegradability. I...
The treatability of a commercial naphthalene sulphonic acid being frequently used in the textile preparation and dyeing industry, via titanium dioxide-mediated heterogeneous photocatalysis (TiO2/UV-A at pH's 3 and 7), Fenton (Fe2+/H2O2 at pH 3) and Photo-Fenton processes (Fe2+/H2O2/UV-A at pH 3) was investigated and compared with ferrous sulphate c...
In this study, landfill leachate treatment technologies alternative to anaerobic treatment were experimentally investigated. The emphasis was placed upon nitrogen removal through the use of struvite precipitation. Treatment technologies studied included struvite precipitation, low pH (acidic) air stripping, and activated sludge. Dilution of landfil...
In the present study, the treatability of a commercial naphthalene sulphonic acid formulation frequently used as a dyebath auxiliary in the textile dyeing operation by electrocoagulation with stainless steel electrodes was studied and its organic matter removal performance was compared with that of plain coagulation process using iron salts and alu...
Yeni gemi inşaası taleplerinin karşılanabilmesi amacıyla, ülkemizdeki gemi inşa tesisi sayısının artırılması yönündeki çalışmalar Denizcilik Müsteşarlığı’nca sürdürülmektedir. Özellikle İstanbul ve yakın çevresinde yoğunlaşan tersane işletmelerinin ülkemizin diğer bölgelerinde de yaygınlaşması ve bu bölgelerdeki ihtiyacı karşılaması amacıyla söz ko...
Geçmişte ve günümüzde Türkiye sahil şeridi dünya deniz taşımacılığının ve turizmin önemli noktalarından biri olmuştur. Türkiye Turizm Stratejisi çerçevesinde sahil şeritlerimizde yeni yat limanlarının kurulması ve işletilmeye alınması özendirilmekte ve bu yönde destekler sağlanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte kirlenmenin ve özellikle deniz kirliliğinin ö...
The toxicity of leather tanning wastewater from a traditional tannery (TT), which is based on vegetable tannin (VT), was compared with wastewater from a tannery combining the use of chromium-based tanning (CT) with VT-based tanning operations. Wastewater samples from a TT and a CT plant as well as from five sewer sampling points were collected in M...
In this paper, experimental studies were performed on a simulated reactive dyebath effluent to compare coagulation-flocculation and Fenton's oxidation with electrocoagulation using stainless steel (SS 304) and aluminium electrodes in terms of colour and COD removals as well as AOX formation potential and improvement of biological treatability. Resu...
In this study, the effects of the phosphonic acid based sequestering agent EDTMPA used in the textile dye baths on colour and organic matter removal by ozone oxidation was experimentally investigated. Procion Navy HEXL dyestuff that has been commonly used for the reactive dyeing of cellulose fibers was selected as the model component. The organic m...
Struvite precipitation from wastewaters has gained importance as a means of nitrogen and phosphorus treatment and recovery. While the aspects of process modeling and application have been widely studied, little attention was paid to process kinetics. This study attempted to evaluate the induction time of struvite precipitation for low ammonia conce...
Biological treatment of effluents from industrial wastewaters often requires further treatment to comply with discharge standards. In this paper, an advanced oxidation processes and activated carbon adsorption were applied. Direct ozone reaction provided 70 % COD reduction. A readily oxidizable part of the substrate was defined. Catalytic ozone oxi...
Human urine is a source of nutrients and has a significant potential for recycle of nitrogen. Recently, much research focused on separate collection and treatment of human urine. Recovery of nutrients from human urine requires hydrolysis of urea into ammonia and subsequent removal of ammonia and sometimes phosphorus. This study attempted to evaluat...
In this study, the factors affecting struvite precipitation performance were experimentally investigated using the actual human urine composite samples. The composite sample was enzyme-hydrolyzed to convert the urea to ammonia. 1:1 dilution of the sample was also used to mimic flush-toilet conditions. The results showed the applicability of struvit...
Treatment of nutrients in domestic wastewater is complicated and costly. On the other hand, none of the processes employed provides recovery. Separation of domestic wastes ensures relatively easy and economic treatment and reuse of nutrients. Separated human urine is the most important source of nutrients. The treatment of urine follows the steps o...
Tannin from mimosa trees (Acacia sp.) utilized in traditional leather tanning was tested for toxicity in sea urchin (Sphaerechinus granularis and Paracentrotus lividus) embryos and sperm, marine, and freshwater algae (Selenastrum capricornutum and Dunaliella tertiolecta), and Daphnia magna. Based on a two-step tanning procedure used in traditional...
Leather tanning industry is one of the several industries discharging significant amount of nitrogen. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation is a promising pretreatment for leather tanning industry wastewaters for the control of toxic parameters; excess suspended solids as well as nitrogen which increase the cost and complexity of followi...
In this study, application of seawater as a magnesium source to magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation was experimentally investigated using synthetic samples containing initial concentration of 100 mgN L-1 NH4Cland leather tanning wastewater. The dilution ratio was defined and found to be a main parameter determining the costs of the pro...
Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology has been widely applied for the treatment of industrial wastewater. However, treatment applications for highly polluted wastewaters are rather limited. In this paper treatability of leather tanning wastewaters using SBR was experimentally studied. Wastewater was provided from primary settling effluent of İs...
Pharmaceuticals formulation industry poses a problem for water pollution control due to complexity and variability of pollutant source and characteristics. In this study, wastewater character of a pharmaceuticals formulation industry and its treatability were experimentally investigated. Three groups of products that are commonly used were selected...
Abandoned copper mines, located in Lefka-Xeros area by the Morphou bay were primarily producing copper. Secondary products, such as silver and gold were also produced for a century by cyanide leaching method. The residues of mining processes were deposited in large tailing ponds that were constructed with primitive technology. In this research, wat...
This study uses the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) measurement to measure toxicity effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on activated sludges fed with the wastewater from a small domestic wastewater treatment plant and peptone-based synthetic wastewater. Two 2l lab-scale batch reactors were run in parallel with the same F/M ratios (0.4 mg COD...
Nitrogen removal from wastewaters has gained importance in recent years. In this paper protein precipitation and recovery potential of leather tanning industry wastewaters were experimentally evaluated. A protein profile for all sources was prepared. Liming was determined to be the most important protein source. Composite samples were made up to as...
Increasing demand for high degree of treatment as well as existence of highly resistant organics in wastewaters such as micropollutants has caused wider and ever increasing use of chemical treatment processes. In this paper developments in the chemical treatment as applied to mostly industrial wastewater in the last two decades are summarized and d...
This study was designed to decolorize and to reduce COD content in a mixture of four reactive dyes, i.e., Remazol Black 5 (RB5), Remazol Red RB (RR), Remazol Yellow 84 (RY), Remazol Brilliant Blue (RB) using Fenton Oxidation Process (FOP). Optimum pH, temperature, and the doses of FeSO4 and H2O2 were determined. Experiments were conducted on the sa...
Increasing demand for high degree of treatment as well as existence of highly resistant organics in wastewaters such as micropollutants has caused wider and ever increasing use of chemical treatment processes. In this paper developments in the chemical treatment as applied to mostly industrial wastewater in the last two decades are summarized and d...
This study was designed to investigate the composition and toxicity of solid residues from bauxite manufacturing plants. Soil and dust samples were collected in the proximity of two bauxite plants (Gardanne, France, and Portovesme, Italy). Samples were analyzed for their content of some selected inorganic contaminants by means of inductively couple...
Substrate inhibition, which is one of the most frequently observed phenomena in the biological treatment of industrial wastewaters, has been the subject of numerous studies. Yet there are still cases which cannot be adequately described by the existing models. In this paper, a review of substrate inhibition approaches was made. A new model is propo...
Magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation has a potential for ammonium removal from industrial wastewaters. Application basis of this recent method of treatment has not been fully determined. In this study application of MAP precipitation to leather tanning wastewaters has been experimentally evaluated. Five alternative places of MAP precipi...