Oksana Lunina

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• Doctor of Sciences in Tectonics and Geodynamics (Habilitation equivalent)
• Principal Researcher at Institute of the Earth’s Crust, Russian Academy of Sciences

Seismic hazard assessment remains one of the priorities of tectonically active regions. It is based on the data for sesimogenic ruptures indicating the segments of active surface faults. Based on the predecessor data, continuous satellite imagery interpretation, drone aerial photography, GPR profiling and morphostructural analysis, the authors of t...

Seismogenic deformations of Cape Shartlay represent a very young fault system on the northwestern coast of Lake Baikal. Their study is providing an important opportunity to measure earthquake magnitudes, to identify areas where earthquakes are more likely to occur, and to estimate the probability of earthquake occurrence as applied to seismically a...

Many large deltas and other areas, underlain by unconsolidated sediments, are heavily populated but impacted by various natural deformational processes. The causes and mechanisms of the deformation are often obscure because of diffculties in the identifcation of their geological source. We used an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to survey an area of...

We present new data on manifestations of mud volcanism accompanied by gas emissions in Lake Baikal. Brittle deformations of the bottom with traces of erupted liquefied sediments were found in the Malaya Kosa Bay and the Goryachinskaya Bay in the North Baikal depression at depths of 105–163.6 m. The deposits outcropping in the extended scarps and mu...

The paper presents the application results of geophysical methods (micro-near-field time-domain electromagnetic sounding and ground penetrating radar profiling) performed in 2022 to determine the volume of homogeneous industrial waste in collection ponds using the example of the phenol lake within the city limits of Ulan-Ude , The Republic of Burya...

We present new data on mud volcanism accompanied by gas emissions in Lake Baikal. Rupture deformations of the bottom with traces of erupted liquefied sediments were found at depths of 105.0–163.6 m in Malaya Kosa Bay and Goryachinskaya Bay in the North Baikal depression. The deposits, outcropped in the extended scarps and mud craters, are mainly re...

On the example of the Rita River delta and alluvial fan of the Shartlai River located on the northwestern coast of Lake Baikal, we show the possibilities of ultra-detailed aerial photography, which allows tracing surface discontinuities with displacements from a few centimeters. The software package "Agisoft Metashape" was applied for analyzing the...

The geomorphic expression of active faulting and distinction of paleoseismic events in areas that are rapidly obscured by erosion/sedimentation still remains a considerable scientific problem. The present article discusses the revealing of surface faulting ruptures and their parameters to identify capable faults without trenching and to estimate th...

In 2021 and 2022 unmanned aerial photography of the deltas of the Goloustnaya and Buguldeyka Rivers, located on the northwestern shore of Lake Baikal, were performed. Using the photogrammetric method implemented in the “Agisoft Metashape” software, ultra-high-resolution orthomosaics and digital surface models (DSM) were built. When deciphering the...

В сборнике представлены материалы всероссийской научной конференции с международным участием «Геотермальная вулканология, гидрогеология, геология нефти и газа» (Geothermal Volcanology Workshop 2022), проведенной Институтом вулканологии и сейсмологии ДВО РАН в 2022 г. Освещаются результаты исследований геотермофлюидомеханики вулканических, гидротерм...

The first results of a thermal imaging survey of geological objects located along the coast of Lake Baikal are presented. The studies showed that the temperature of the well known Zmeinyi and Zagza thermal springs recorded on infrared images obtained using UAV at a flight of 30–70 m is 10–12.5°C lower than on the ground. In the daylight hours, the...

In here, we present the results of the GPR study of the modern rupture zone discovered earlier in the periphery of the Rita River delta flowing into Lake Baikal. The research was aimed at subsurface imaging of dislocation geometry using the Logis-Geotech OKO-2 radar equipped with the ABDL Triton antenna. As a result, the characterizations have been...

—We present materials of aerial photography of Cape Rytyi, a unique and most mysterious place on the northwestern shore of Lake Baikal. Photogrammetric survey was carried out using a DJI Phantom 4 Pro V2.0 UAV and provided an orthophoto and a digital terrain model of an 11.074 km2 area. When deciphering the images obtained in the Rita River deltaic...

In connection with a series of sensible earthquakes in the Baikal-Mongolian region at the end of 2020 – beginning of 2021, the population of the area has increased interest in the zones of possible earthquake sources and their seismic potential. In this regard, we carried out a detailed mapping of paleoseismogenic deformations within one of the mos...

Уникальная природная обстановка экосистемы озера Байкал и его окружения образовалась, благодаря растяжению земной коры и особому тектоническому положению. Разломы обуславливают развитие опасных эндогенных и экзогенных процессов, перенос химических элементов и формирование аномальных геофизических полей в их зонах, поэтому их изучение исключительно...

Выделение и картирование активных разломов и сейсмогенных разрывов является одним из важнейшим этапов работ по оценке и прогнозированию сейсмической опасности. В последние десятилетия для достижения этих целей создаются и развиваются специализированные интерактивные геоинформационные системы для работы с пространственными данными в области активной...

Впервые деформационные структуры в хребте Хамар-Дабан, обрамляющем юго-восточный борт Южнобайкальской впадины, были обнаружены и детально описаны более полувека тому назад группой ученых под руководством В.С. Хромовских. С помощью аэровизуальных наблюдений было выделено около 20 предположительно сейсмогенных структур, 9 из которых в дальнейшем были...

В статье рассматривается опыт применения теплоинерционного подхода как частного случая тепловой космической съёмки в определении особенностей распределения уходящего теплового инфракрасного излучения земной поверхности в зонах сейсмоактивных разломов северо-западного побережья оз. Байкал. Приведён обзор литературы по методам исследования уходящего...

The results of a high-resolution aerial survey at selected areas in the Zunduk fault damage zone trending northeast along the coastline of the Maloe sea of Lake Baikal from Cape Yadyrtuj are presented. The research was carried out within the framework of the problem of studying the seismotectonics of the shores of Lake Baikal to map the youngest su...

A 48 km long zone of surface deformation produced by the M s = 7.3 intracontinental earthquake of 2003 in Gorny Altai is studied in its five segments between the Aktru and Irbistu rivers, where ruptures show the greatest offsets and distinct structural patterns. A total of 554 coseismic ruptures of five slip geometry types are analyzed in terms of...

Paleoseismology studies the footprints of ancient earthquakes to improve the knowledge about the modern seismicity of the territory. Ground‐penetrating radar (GPR), among other geophysical methods, is used for quick determination of shallow stratigraphy ‐ displaced, oblique layers within the fault zone. GPR data interpretation from diverse and comp...

The article considers the results of GPR studies of the Zunduksky fault section activated between the Cape Oto-Khushun and the Zunduk River, activated in the late Quaternary. The aim of this work is to clarify the kinematic type, determine the vertical displacement amplitudes, and dip angles of the Zunduksky active fault activated in the late Quate...

Based on the ground penetrating radar, geological and morphostructural data, the particularities of single-event vertical displacements in Holocene sediments of various competencies along the land and underwater segments of the Delta fault activated on January 12, 1862 during the M ~ 7.5 Tsagan earthquake (southeastern side of the Baikal rift.). It...

Surface displacement is critical to assess the seismic potential of an active fault. Its distribution along strike is strongly variable, and its detection is sometimes ambiguous in soft and poorly consolidated sediments. Here we show that ground penetrating radar (GPR), supported by geological and geomorphological data, is effective in revealing th...

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were performed in the Sarma segment of the Primorsky fault between the settlements of Shida and Kurma. This segment belongs to one of the largest structures of the Baikal rift and was active in Late Quaternary (Early Holocene). The study aimed to reconstruct vertical displacement amplitudes and dip angles of f...

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were performed in the Sarma segment of the Primorsky fault between the settlements of Shida and Kurma. This segment belongs to one of the largest structures of the Baikal rift and was active in Late Quaternary (Early Holocene). The study aimed to reconstruct vertical displacement amplitudes and dip angles of f...

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) surveys in the area between Sherashevo and Inkino villages provide insights into the structure of the Delta Fault and allow estimating the amount of vertical slip caused by the M = 7.5 Tsagan earthquake of 12 January 1862. The surveys with shielded AB-90 and AB 250-M antennas of an oKo-2 georadar along five profiles s...

For the first time, a monitoring was carried out for assessing the volume of the ice of the Peretolchin Glacier in the MunkuSardyk mountain range (Eastern Sayan) using georadar profiling both directly to measure the thickness of the ice and to refine the parameters of mathematical models for determining the volume of the glacier. Based on results o...

В работе освещены проблемы, связанные с изучением сеймогенных разрывов западного побережья озера Байкал, а также представляются некоторые результаты их обследования, полученные в последние годы с обзором возможных перспектив развития сейсмотектонических исследований в регионе. Показано, что в труднодоступных и сложных по инженерно-геологическим усл...

The 30-km-long Middle Kedrovaya (MK) fault, on the northwestern flank of Lake Baikal, is one of the most impressive late Quaternary seismogenic structures in the Baikal rift. In places, surface fault scarps expose striated bedrock fault planes and offer some opportunities to examine the faulting history. Using cosmogenic ¹⁰Be exposure dating, we me...

Clastic dikes are often the only evidence of past disasters in poorly exposed areas and therefore their findings are extremely important for earthquake study. However, the variety of their origins greatly complicates the use of clastic dikes to assess the seismic hazards within the manifold environments. This paper systematizes main triggers, forma...

This paper presents the first results of the geostructural and tectonophysical studies of the crustal stress state in the Catoca kimberlite pipe area at the southwestern flank of the Kasai Shield in the northeasternAngola. In the evolution of the crustal stress state, six main stages are distinguished by analyzing the displacements of markers, fold...

Our study aimed to clarify the seismic potential of the Severobaikalsk fault and to discover the structural features of active faults on the NW shores of Lake Baikal. Seismogenic faults and large seismogravitational structures were mapped in the area of the Srednekedrovaya paleoseismodislocation, one of the most remarkable seismotectonic structures...

The 30-km-long Middle Kedrovaya (MK) paleoseismic rupture zone, on the northwestern flank of Lake Baikal, is one of most impressive late Quaternary fault scarps in the Baikal rift. The aim of this study is to reconstruct the near-surface fault geometry of the MK fault zone to clarify its past movement history and seismic potential. We applied groun...

Presented are the results obtained from radar profiling of the Peretolchin glacier in the Munku-Sardyk mountain range in the south of Siberia (June 2014 and May 2016) using georadar OKO-2 with the ABDL Triton antenna unit operating at the radiation frequency of 50 and 100 MHz. The ice thickness was determined from the profiles and the ice volumes f...

Predictive models for the localization of soil liquefaction for seismic events with magnitudes MS = 7.5 and 8.0 were constructed based on available data on a possible earthquake in the zone of the Main Sayan Fault. It has been established that for MS = 7.5, liquefaction will extend over a distance of 40 km from the causative seismogenic fault. For...

This paper presents the first boundary equations describing the relationship between earthquake parameters (magnitude MS and macroseismic intensity IP at the observation point on the MSK-64 scale) and clastic dikes (having maximal thickness mcd, visible height hcd, and the index of manifestation intensity of dikes in the cross section Icd). As was...

For the first time, the ice volume of Peretolchina Glacier in the mountain range of MunkuSardyk (Eastern Sayan) has been estimated using various models and results of georadar profiling. It is advisable to use the averaged values for calculations in accordance with power formulas taking into account the different shape of the glacier bed. Results o...

В монографии обобщаются результаты исследования разломов и косейсмических деформаций, представляющих собой проявления сейсмически индуцированных геологических процессов на юге Восточной Сибири и сопредельных территориях. Для площади в рамках координат 96–124° в.д. и 49–58° с.ш. приведена цифровая карта разломов, активных в плиоцен-четвертичное врем...

The Mondy strike-slip fault connects the W–E Tunka and N–S Hövsgöl basins on the southern flank of the Baikal rift system. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys in its damage zone provide constraints on thicknesses, dips, and plunges of fault planes, as well as on the amount and sense of vertical slip. Strike-slip faulting in the southern segment...

We investigated the surface deformation in the Mondy fault zone, which triggered one of the strongest earthquakes in southern East Siberia on April 04, 1950. Based on the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and structural data, we determined the dip direction and inclination of the ruptures, types and amount of vertical offsets, as well as the width of...

We investigated the surface deformation in the Mondy fault zone, which triggered one of the strongest earthquakes in southern East Siberia on April 04, 1950. Based on the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and structural data, we determined the dip direction and inclination of the ruptures, types and amount of vertical offsets, as well as the width of...

Liquefaction-induced soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) formed by earthquakes in southern Siberia, that were historically mentioned or monitored by instruments, are described and analyzed. Clastic dikes are the most common among all SSDS in the epicentral areas of the investigated seismic events. They are also the most reliable paleoseismi...

Introduction. Studying and mapping of faults in the Earth's crust is one of the priority objectives in structural geology and tectonophysics. Generally, faults are associated with mineral deposits, thermal springs and earthquakes, and fault zones are areas of the most dangerous geological processes and various geophysical anomalies. In this regard,...

We investigated the surface deformations of one of the strongest earthquakes in the Baikal rift zone occurred on April 04, 1950. This event gave an impulse to the development of seismological and seismotectonic researches in southern East Siberia though the event remained poorly studied. We established that the source of the M w = 6.9 Mondy earthqu...

На основе геолого-структурных и георадиолокационного методов изучены проявления геологических процессов, инициированных землетрясениями в зонах Дельтового и Мондинского активных разломов. В канавах и на радарограммах обнаружены следы разры-вообразования, разжижения и проседания. Остаточные деформации часто взаимосвязаны между собой. Ведущую роль в...

The forms and location patterns of geologic hazards induced by earthquakes in southern Siberia, Mongolia, and northern Kazakhstan in 1950 through 2008 have been investigated statistically, using a database of coseismic effects created as a GIS MapInfo application, with a handy input box for large data arrays. The database includes 689 cases of macr...

This paper presents the first release of an Informational System (IS) devoted to the systematic collection of all available data relating to Pliocene–Quaternary faults in southern East Siberia, their critical analysis and their seismotectonic parameterization. The final goal of this project is to form a new base for improving the assessment of seis...

In this work we review earthquakes that happened in Southern Siberia and Mongolia within the coordinates of 42°–62° N and 80°–124° E and first propose relationships between earthquake parameters (a surface-wave earthquake magnitude M s and an epicentral intensity(I 0) based on the MSK-64 scale) and maximal distances from an earthquake epicenter (R...

Several active fault zones were studied in the southern Siberian Platform along the Kovykta-Sayansk-Irkutsk gas pipeline. Late Cenozoic seismogenic faults are observed here. The fault zone in the Biliktuika River valley shows the strongest displacements and deformations. The radiocarbon dating of buried soil horizons for this fault was compared wit...

the devastating M ~ 7.5 Tsagan earthquake in 1862. Among the documented deformation structures (seismites), clastic dikes are the most reliable paleoseismic indicators. The dikes have their sizes and extent showing proximity to the primary coseismic rupture zone and are closely associated with faults of different hierarchic levels. The Tsagan event...

The article summarizes results of tectonophysical and geoelectric studies of rift basins in the Baikal region. Their sedimentary cover is intersected by faults, which induce shallow soft deformations in Late Cenozoic sediments. The faults observed in the internal part of the basins correlate with zones of contrast change in the deep structures of t...

A systematization of active faults has been developed based on the progress of scientists from the leading countries in the world in the study of seismotectonics and seismic hazard problems. It is underlain by the concept of the fault-block structure of the geological-geophysical environment governed by the interaction of differently oriented activ...

The Prikolyma terrain is a part of the Yana-Kolyma orogenic belt located in the North Eastern Asia. It is generally composed of the Proterozoic deposits, including sandstones, metapellites, quartz-feldspar and carbonate rocks, meta- and hyperbasites. The Prikolyma terrain represents a fragment of passive margin of the North-Asian craton that was de...

Fractal analysis techniques were used to study space-time variations in the epicentral field of earthquakes for several areas in the Baikal Rift Zone (BRZ). In each area the epicentral field is found to be a system consisting of several subsystems in the shape of maxima of increased fractal dimension D s , which occurred approximately at the same l...

The paper deals with issues related to the testing of the ESI-2007 scale by using as an example the real seismic event that occurred on August 27, 2008 in South Baikal. The main objective of the paper is to carry out a comparative assessment of the earthquake’s intensity based on traditional macroseismic scales and environmental seismic intensity (...

Для территории юга Восточной Сибири в рамках координат 100°–114° в.д. и 50°–57° с.ш. созданы новая электронная карта активных в неоген-четвертичное время разломов и соответствующая ей база данных, в которой приводятся основные параметры разломов и признаки их активности. База данных позволяет путем электронных запросов по цифровым индексам разделят...

Structural geological and tectonophysical studies at a qualitatively new methodical level in the Yubileinaya pipe open pit have shown that the fault-block tectonics plays substantial role in the spatial localization of kimberlite bodies. It has been established that localization of diamond-bearing kimberlite pipes is controlled by faults, which are...

The results of geological, structural, tectonic, and geoelectric studies of the dry basins in the Baikal Rift Zone and western Transbaikalia, combined under the term Baikal region, are integrated. Deformations of the Cenozoic sediments related to pulsing and creeping tectonic processes are classified. The efficiency of mapping of the fault-block st...

It is suggested to estimate the Pliocene–Quaternary fault activity in a formalized way from synthesis of different data. The respective database consists of two main sections: (i) general information and basic fault parameters and (ii) geomorphic, structural, paleoseismic, seismological, geophysical, geodetic, engineering-geological, hydrological,...

The article reviews research problems and perspectives of studying the secondary seismogenic deformations of vibrational type (termed «seismites») that are revealed in soft sediments in the territory of the Southern East Siberia. Proposed are ways and principles based on which criteria can be developed for definition of similar structures in view o...

Recent years have witnessed considerable advances in the study of deformation structures caused by soil liquefaction during seismic shocks [1‐5]. These structures are clear paleoearthquake indicators [2] that can be used for determining various parameters of past events [3‐5]. This paper deals with identification, structural and geological study, a...

The geological structure and tectonophysics of the Gusinoozersky Basin—a tectonotype of Mesozoic depressions in the western Transbaikal region—is discussed. New maps of the fault-block structure and state of stress in the Earth’s crust of the studied territory are presented. It is established that the Gusinoozersky Basin was formed in a transtensio...

Обобщены результаты комплексных геолого-структурных, тектонофизических и геоэлектрических ис- следований мезозойско-кайнозойских впадин Прибайкалья. Охарактеризованы разломно-блоковая структура, глубинное строение, напряженное состояние и сейсмичность земной коры отдельных территорий региона. Для кайнозойских осадков предложена классификация деформ...

The co-seismic deformations produced during the September 27, 2003 Chuya earthquake (Ms=7.5) that affected the Gorny Altai, Russia, are described and discussed along a 30 km long segment. The co-seismic deformations have manifested themselves both in unconsolidated sediments as R- and R′-shears, extension fractures and contraction structures, and i...

We discuss the patterns of Late Cenozoic faulting and crustal stress in the northeastern flank of the Baikal rift system. The Late Cenozoic faults are mainly of NE and ENE strikes. Faults of these trends, along with W–E faults, have been principal seismogenic structures. They have normal or left-lateral oblique geometry with different amounts of ho...

A rockfall was discovered on the left bank of the Verkhnyaya Angara River, 25 km away from the northwestern doorway of the North Muya tunnel of the Baikal-Amur Railway. We investigate the tectonic position of the rockfall and its linkage to a moderate earthquake using structural data and show that earthquakes of this intensity can produce notable g...

New structural and tectonophysical data, combined with the published geophysical and seismological evidence, were used to map the Late Cenozoic fault pattern and crustal stress in the Barguzin rift. Faults striking in the NE direction are the most abundant elements of the rift structure. A special part in the Late Cenozoic patterns of faults and st...

The stress fields in the Tunka Rift at the southwestern flank of the Baikal Rift Zone are reconstructed and analyzed on the basis of a detailed study of fracturing. The variation of these fields is of a systematic character and is caused by a complex morphological and fault-block structure of the studied territory. The rift was formed under conditi...

The seismotectonic deformations related to the Chuya earthquake September 27, 2003 in the Gorny Altai (Ms = 7.5) are studied in detail. These deformations developed as advanced systems of R-and R’-shears, gash fractures, and compression structural features in loose sediments. In bedrocks, the older shear zones were reactivated, the previously exist...

The Tunka rift depression, which is located at the southwestern flank of the Baikal rift zone, is characterized by wide development of active faults and high seismicity. Most of the geostructural information on peculiarities of fracture and plastic deformations related to movements along active faults and earthquakes is dedicated to the upper layer...

Integrated investigations including the structural analysis of shear fractures and fault zones, the reconstruction of stress fields and the fractal analysis of the epicentral field of recent earthquakes have been pursued in the Dead Sea rift. The N–S and NW–SE trending faults are very extensive and they display large zones of crushed rock compared...

Fractures and fault zones are studied in the Dead Sea Rift with geological and structural methods. As is established from the statistical processing of the data, the N–S- and NW-trending faults control the structure in the southern portion of this rift. They are the longest and accompanied by the thickest crush zones and the most developed fracture...

It is established that formed upon Chuisky earthquake seismodislocation system represents the faulting zone with more than 30 km length and not less than 4 km width with characteristic for right shear internal structure. According to tectonophysical theory, the obtained fault distribution regularities correspond to the late disjunction stage of fau...

The Levant Rift system is an elongated series of structural basins that extends for more than 1000 km from the northern Red Sea to southern Anatolia. The system consists of three major segments, the Jordan Rift in the south, El Gharb–Kara-Su Rift in the north, and the Lebanese Fault splay in between. The rifted parts of this structural system are a...

Age of deformed layers in loose sediments was determined by radiocarbon dating, that is the first method application for inner staff of depression. The results confirm seismogenic origin of investigated convolution in loose sediments of Tunkinskaya rift depression. They also indicate that deformations induced by strong earthquakes are spread wider...

Direct observations of fractures and tectonic jointing are crucial for the study of fault systems in any region. They provide information needed for the mapping of the internal structure of fault zones, determination of stages of their kinematics and amplitudes, and reconstruction of tectonic stress fields. Of particular importance are similar obse...

The new faulting-block structure map for the Tunka rift basin is constructed with the complex account of the data of faulting zone and cracking structural observations, lineament analysis of topographic maps, state geologic maps and some other. On the investigated area 270 observation points are documented, including 65 in the Late Cenozoic deposit...

New structural and tectonophysical data provided more details on the fault pattern and the stress field of the western Tunka rift on the southwestern flank of the Baikal Rift zone. The rift valley is controlled mostly by W-E and NE faults, and the rift ridges and basin links are dominated by NW and N-S faults. The fault pattern shows a good correla...

The Tunka basin is a part of the Baikal rift zone and is characterized by complex geodynamical setting. Its western termination is the most interesting site to study the relationship between faults and seismicity. The active Tunka and South Tunka faults, which limit the boards of the Tunka basin, converge there, and the density of earthquake epicen...

Fracturing in the Primorsky Fault, a master fault in the Baikal Rift system, is investigated using high-resolution structural data. The fault zone consists of several roughly parallel segments and elongate wedge-shaped blocks cut by large transversal extension joints that belong to a fault running along the Sarma valley. Fracturing parameters were...

The detail mapping of the inner structure of the zones of the dynamic influ-ence of the faults that became active in the areas with different types of the state of stress of the earth crust is made. It is shown, that under the affect of the present-day stress field, the inner structure of fault zones are character-ized by the reconstruction in inte...

Relations between the length of seismogenic rupture, amount of slip, and magnitude of earthquakes are investigated as a function of slip mechanism (normal, reverse, or strike slip) formed in different stress fields. The parameters of seismogenic strike-slip faults are closely correlated with earthquake magnitudes in any stress field. The relationsh...

Relations between the length of seismic rupture, amount of slip, and magnitude of earthquakes are investigated as a function of slip mechanism (normal, reverse, or strike slip) formed in different stress fields. The parameters of seismic strike-slip faults are closely correlated with earthquake magnitudes in any stress field. The relationships for...