Octavian G Duliu

University of Bucharest; Geological Institute of Romania

To determine the nature and origin of the unconsolidated bottom sediments, as well as to demonstrate and quantify the presence of Presumably Contaminating Elements (PCE) in the Serbian Danube River, as a novelty, the mass fractions on nine major elements as oxides—SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, FeO, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, and K2O, as well as Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, C...

To evaluate the prospects of using Baikal endemic sponges as bioindicators of chemical elements pollution, the elemental composition of sponges, water and substrate samples, collected in two areas with different levels of anthropogenic loading of the Baikal Lake, was determined using two analytical techniques. The content of Cl, Ca, V, Zn, As, Se,...

To estimate the contribution of Chernobyl ¹³⁷ Cs contamination, in 1993 and especially 2016, its total inventory was determinate by gamma-ray high resolution spectroscopy in 62 and respectively 747 soil samples covering entire Romanian territory. This permitted to estimate the 1993 and 2016 total ¹³⁷ Cs inventory to 43 ± 2 TBq and respectively to 1...

To estimate the contribution of Chernobyl ¹³⁷ Cs contamination, in 1993 and especially 2016, its total inventory was determined by gamma-ray high-resolution spectroscopy in 62 and respectively 747 soil samples covering the entire Romanian territory. This permitted us to estimate the 1993 and 2016 total ¹³⁷ Cs inventory to 43 ± 2 TBq and respectivel...

Purpose The objective of this study was to provide insights into the most recent responses of sediments to climate change and their capability to sequester atmospheric carbon (C). Methods Three sediment cores were collected, one from the western Black Sea, and two from the southern Adriatic Sea. Cores were extruded and sectioned into 1 cm or 0.5 c...

The purpose of this study was to assess the level of anthropogenic contamination as well as to collect more data concerning the mineral composition of scleractinian corals from Southern Red Sea, Hodeidah Governorate, Yemen. The mass fractions of 31 elements were determined in the skeleton of nine coral colonies collected in the vicinity of the sout...

Teucrium L. is a widely distributed genus often used for the treatment of digestive disorders and respiratory problems. The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical composition of essential oils and elemental content of the plant species Teucrium polium, Teucrium hircanicum, Teucrium botrys, Teucrium chamaedrys, Teucrium flavum, Teucr...

To assess the geochemical features of sedimentary material of Zarafshon river, (Western Tajikistan) catchment basin, the mass fractions of 38 major and trace elements were determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) in 2 x 116 paired samples of sediments and soils collected along the Zarafshon River and its main tributaries from t...

The present work was conducted to evaluate the air quality in terms of inorganic pollutants and toxicity impact using two evergreen tree leaves, Eucalyptus globulus Labill (E. globulus) and Ficus microcarpa L.f., Suppl. Pl. 442 (1782) (F. microcarpa) as biomonitors. Thirty tree leaves and an equal number of co-located soil samples from different re...

We constructed a high-resolution Bayesian sedimentation model spanning the last 5500 years based on 25 AMS radiocarbon dated sediments of bulk organic matter (OM) sampled from the NW Black Sea anoxic waters of the continental slope. The corrections for the ¹⁴C ages due to marine reservoir effect (MRE) and detritus organic carbon are correlated with...

For a comprehensive description of the biomonitoring and geochemistry of trace elements in two different regions of Egypt (urban Cairo and rural Menoufia), Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis was used to determine the concentration of 40 elements in 30 samples of soil and 32 elements in an equal number of samples of Eucalyptus globulus Labill...

Food science can be considered a boundary discipline between chemistry, physics, agricultural science, nutrition and alimentary hygiene. For this reason, the food science is at the same time fundamental and applied. It deals not only with the nature of main components which enter in the composition of our daily food but also with the technologies a...

Medical imaging methods based on the differential attenuation of the X-ray or on the accumulation of gamma ray emitting radionuclides are intensively used with remarkable success in diagnosis. On the other hand, the interaction of high-energy ionizing radiation such as X- or gamma rays can induce a series of damages to the cells with negative conse...

Past environments of the Earth's surface may be deciphered and modelled using stable isotopes along with mineralogical, sedimentological, biological, palaeontological, chemical and climatological methodologies. This volume is devoted to studies investigating the distribution of stable isotopes in precipitation and groundwaters and their interaction...

The producers of essential oils from the Republic of Moldova care about the quality of their products and at the same time, try to capitalize on the waste from processing. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the chemical composition of lavender (Lavanda angustifolia L.) essential oil and some by-products derived from its production (res...

Citation: Porosnicu, I.; Butnaru, C.M.; Tiseanu, I.; Stancu, E.; Munteanu, C.V.A.; Bita, B.I.; Duliu, O.G.; Sima, F. Y 2 O 3 Nanoparticles and X-ray Radiation-Induced Effects in Melanoma Cells. Molecules 2021, 26, 3403. https://doi. Abstract: The innovative strategy of using nanoparticles in radiotherapy has become an exciting topic due to the poss...

For a better understanding of the previously observed increased natural radioactivity at the confluence of the Varzob and Sioma rivers, Central Tajikistan, the activity concentration of natural radioactive 40K, Th and U daughters as well as of the anthropogenic 137Cs were determined in nine locations covering the entire Sioma River. The radiometric...

Anisotropy of the physical properties of rocks is directly related to their internal structure, which is often exhibited by lineation and foliation fabrics as anisotropy markers. Conventional methods of diffraction measurements only provide a part of the structural information that is related to the crystallographic preferred orientation of mineral...

Purpose The aim of this research was to estimate impact of the geochemical features to distribution of major and trace elements in soil and sediments, assess of anthropogenic and natural factors in terrestrial ecosystems of Zarafshon. As well as to answer the common criticism of the water, soil and sediment pollution in Zarafshon. In this way this...

The present work was conducted to characterize and monitor the air quality in terms of pollution and toxicity impact using two evergreen tree leaves, Eucalyptus globulus Labill and Ficus benjamina L . as biomonitors. Thirty tree leaves and an equal number of co-located soil samples from different regions of Egypt (urban Greater Cairo Metropolitan G...

The present review was conducted to highlight the major and trace elemental composition in surface sediments from the Nile River and Egyptian Red Sea coastal areas in terms of provenance, concentrations, pollution indices, and health hazards. Health hazard due to the exposure to selected elements via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact was ca...

This study discusses contamination of soils and sediments with trace elements such as Mn, Ba, W, V, Co, Cr, Zn, Ni, As, Sb Hg as well as Th and U, the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the distribution of elements and the ecological state of the Zarafshon Valley. The elemental composition of 116 soil and sediment samples were analyz...

To determine the age of a 2.8 m loess horizon situated in the Eastern Romanian Plane, the independent age methods based on the accumulation of radiation defects, i.e. thermoluminescence (TL) and electron spin resonance (ES), were used for the same quartz fraction. In both cases, the additive method was used to determine the local paleodose (PD) whi...

The correct assessment of the presence of potentially contaminating elements in soil, as well as in fruits cultivated and harvested from the same places has major importance for both the environment and human health. To address this task, in the case of the Republic of Moldova where the fruit production has a significant contribution to the gross d...

For the first time, we present a decadal-scale stable isotope record (δ18O, δ13C) of sixty-seven speleothem calcite samples coming from an artificial tunnel network located in Graz, Austria. Stable isotope data are interpreted with the help of Time Series (TS) analysis of mean air temperatures (MAT) and mean annual precipitations (MAP) that have be...

Two analytical methods based on the neutrons high penetrability, i.e. neutron diffraction (ND) and neutron computed tomography (NCT) were used to investigate the structure of the aragonitic skeleton of an exemplar/sample of Dipastraea pallida (Dana 1846), a modern hermatypic coral. ND was used to reconstruct the orientation distribution function (O...

To investigate the influence of local climate and transboundary circulation of moisture on the stable isotope of precipitation in Ramnicu Valcea, Romania, monthly values of δ ² H, δ ¹⁸ O, deuterium excess (d excess ), temperature, relative humidity and precipitation were determined between January 2012 and December 2018. Monthly analysis showed dif...

The aims of present study consist of collecting more information on the geochemistry of the Varzob river unconsolidated sediments as reflecting the diversity of the South-Hissar range together with a comprehensive evaluation of the anthropogenic contamination of the same sediments. Accordingly, the content of nine major, rock forming elements - Na,...

This data is the first comprehensive baseline data on the geochemical composition of soil and sediments along the Nile River and Delta in Egypt that was subjected and analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis INAA. These data supported the research articles that were done to evaluate the elemental compositions and pollution sources in 17...

The study was performed in a mountainous area of approximately 7000 sq. km of Western Tajikistan, i.e., Turkestan, Zeravshan, Hissar, and Karateghin ridges that are characterized by complex geological settings. Moss biomonitoring was used to assess the concentration level of trace and major elements in atmospheric deposition of the study area. Hylo...

To get more data on the geochemistry of Black Sea euxinic sediments, a 50-cm core was collected at a depth of 600 m on a Western Black Sea Continental Platform slope. The core contained unconsolidated sediments rich in cocoolithic ooze and mud. Epithermal Neutron and Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis were used to determine the content of nine major...

For a better description and chronology of the liturgical art of the Russian-Lipovan community of Romania and, in view of correct attestation, a set of five icons presumed painted in the first half of the 19th century belonging to the patrimony of Antim Monastery (Bucharest) and One-wood Monastery (Valcea county), have been investigated by means of...

To estimate at which extent the exposure to gamma and X-rays influences the Micronuclei (MN) frequency, a non-specific chromosomal aberration, the same amount of blood cells were exposed, in identical conditions, (extended uncertainties less than 0.8%), to gamma and X rays at gradually increased doses up to 3 Gy. The final results showed that, with...

In order to evidence to which extent noninvasive/less invasive analytical techniques could be used for a complete characterization of panel painting, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Raman (FT-Raman) Spectroscopy, Digital Radiography (DR) and UV Photography (UVP) were used to contactless investigate a panel model pai...

To determine at which extent the remained radioactive rocks pose a treat to workers, high-resolution gamma spectrometry was used to estimate the contribution of the natural radionuclides 40 K and 232 Th and 238 U radioactive series to the annual effective dose within the National Radioactive Waste Repository Baita, Bi-hor County, Romania. By using...

The objective of the present work consists in gathering and examining the maximum amount of data concerning the geochemistry of the Nile solid load. To this end, the distributions of 28 major and trace elements in 176 soil and sediment samples collected from the Egyptian section of the Nile River and Nile Delta were determined via epithermal neutro...

The Varzob Valley in the Central Tajikistan, due to its proximity to the Gissar mountains range, acts like a funnel for the air mass transported by the southern winds. For a better understanding this local phenomenon, the gross alpha and beta as well as ⁴⁰K, ¹³⁷Cs, ²³²Th and ²³⁸U activity concentrations together with the Th/U ratio were studied. Th...

To establish at which extent the micronuclei (MN) frequency is influenced by occupational exposure to ionizing radiation, peripheral blood samples collected from 2151 subjects of both genders, smokers and non-smokers were analyzed. Among them, 378 (17.6%) were unexposed while the other 1773 (82.4%) were exposed to ionizing radiation for periods bet...

The paper describes a method for detection of chemical elemental composition of organic and inorganic compounds by measuring X-Ray attenuation at different energies. The method is based on the fact that the mass attenuation coefficient of a composed substance is a linear combination of the individual atoms mass attenuation weighed by the mass ratio...

The activity concentrations of natural ⁴⁰K, ²³²Th, and ²³⁸U in 89 soil and 84 sediment samples collected over the entire Egyptian Nile River basin including the Nile delta are reported based on the results of epithermal neutron activation analysis. The average activity concentrations of ⁴⁰K, ²³²Th, and ²³⁸U equal to 15.3 ± 6.6, 15.6 ± 11.1 and 220...

The content of seven major and 26 trace elements were investigated by Epithermal Neuron Activation Analysis in a set of 17 samples of soil collected at a depth of 20 to 40 cm from Romanesti and Cricova vineyards. All data were interpreted within the Upper Continental Crust and Average Soil models as well as in accordance with sanitary norms concern...

To get more information on the origin of tritium and to evidence any possible presence of anthropogenic sources, between January 1999 and December 2016, the precipitation level and tritium concentration were monthly recorded and investigated by the Cryogenic Institute of Ramnicu Valcea, Romania. Compared with similar data covering a radius of about...

To evidence the efficiency of cigarette filter we have determined the content of 27 major and trace elements in two brands of filter and filter-less cigarette tobacco, tobacco ash as well as new and spent filters. All measurements were performed by Epithermal Neutron Activation Analysis. We have found that the ash still contained between 71 and 86%...

New geochronological investigations for the Slănic Formation, correlated with previous bio- and lithostratigaphical information, allow for a better succession of events for the Middle Miocene, including the absolute age of the Badenian salinity crisis in the bend sector of the Eastern Carpathians. Within the green Slănic Tuff, white tuff layers whe...

The use of gamma ray or high energy electrons for food microbial decontamination at doses up to 10–20 kGy determines the generation of a high diversity of free radicals whose presence, at ambient temperature, could be very well confirmed by electron spin resonance (ESR), but only in the hard/crystalline parts of food items (skeletons of animals, bi...

To get more data regarding the elemental transfer from soil to wine, the neutron activation analysis was used to determine 35 elements in vineyard chernozem soil and 18 elements in wines from Romanesti and Cricova, Republic of Moldova. Soil elemental content allowed evidencing more similarities between considered soils and the Upper Continental Cru...

Five corals belonging to common scleractinian reef-building species, and collected from Gulf of Suez, Egypt were subjected to neutron activation analysis. The content of 26 elements: Na, Mg, Cl, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Gd, Hf, Th, and U was experimentally determined. Ca and Sr have the highest conte...

The results of a comparative study performed by complementary contact-less, non-invasive spectroscopic methods applied to two orthodox wooden icons are presented and discussed. An 18th century post-Brancovan icon crafted in a Valcea (Walachia) workshop and a 19th century one from Sibiu (Transylvania) were investigated by digital radiography, UV pho...

A detailed investigation of the annual layers of a recent, 51 years stalagmite grown in the Schlossberg tunnels, dug in 1946 in the Graz carbonaceous hill was performed in correlation with the monthly level of precipitation. Time series analysis of the annual sequence of layers revealed the existence of more cycles whose period- icity between 3 and...

The distributions of 32 major and trace elements in 72 surface soil and sediment samples collected from the Asyut to Cairo Nile river section were determined by epithermal neutron activation analysis and compared with corresponding data for the Upper Continental Crust, North American Shale Composite, Average Soil and Average Sediment as well as sus...

Moss biomonitoring using the species Hypnum cupressiforme (Hedw.) and Pleurocarpous sp was applied to study air pollution in the Republic of Moldova. A total of 41 elements (Na, Mg, Al, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, Cd, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Tm, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Pb, Th, and U) were determi...

The total content of 8 major and 32 trace elements in four species of mosses and two of lichens as well as neighboring soil and rocks collected from different places of the Livingston Island Antarctica was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The main goals of the project consisted of evidencing the possible trace of anthropogeni...

The levels and compartmentalization of Na, Hf, Ta, Au, Th, and U in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Carex conescens L. and Cladophora sericea (Hudson) Kutzing from the Caucasian coast of the Black Sea-Anapa recreational region was investigated by Neutron Activation Analysis. The study touches upon subject of the sediment-to-plant and r...

The levels and compartmentalization of Na, Hf, Ta, Au, Th, and U in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Carex conescens L. and Cladophora sericea (Hudson) Kutzing from the Caucasian coast of the Black Sea-Anapa recreational region was investigated by Neutron Activation Analysis. The study touches upon subject of the sediment-to-plant and r...

The performances of two variants of XRF elemental analysis, i.e. the Energy Dispersive XRF (EDXRF) developed by the Radioactive Waste Management Department Laboratory (DMDR-Lab) at the National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering and the Wavelength Dispersive XRF (WDXRD) developed by the Spectroscopy Laboratory (LS) in the ArcelorMittal C...

Digital radiography, UV fluorescence, X Ray fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation of a wood painted model are presented and discussed in order to evidence at which extent all methods used in correlation can unambiguously determine the nature of the most utilized pigments, binder and varnishes between the end of 18th...

Ultra-high intensity lasers in use are connected with ionizing radiation sources that raise a real concern in relation to installations, personnel, population and environment protection. The shielding of target areas in these facilities has to be evaluated from the conceptual stage of the building design. The sizing of the protective concrete walls...

The results of the neutron diffraction investigation were compared with similar results obtained by analysing more μ-CT, high resolution photographic and thin section images of a cylindrical sample of the textured Outokumpu (Finland) biotite gneiss. All data were interpreted by means of corresponding orientation distribution function (ODF). Both Ra...