Obed M. Ali

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Associate Professor at Northern Technical University -Iraq

Drinking water requirements are rapidly increasing while the availability of drinking water is decreasing. Overcoming this problem requires a sustainable energy source, such as solar energy, to desalinate untreated water. The most essential and simplest application of brackish water desalination is solar distillation. However, a limitation of the w...

The incident solar energy that impinges upon the photovoltaic cells undergoes a conversion process, resulting in the generation of electrical energy and conversion of absorbed energy into heat. This increase in temperature adversely affects the performance of the panel, leading to a decrease in its overall efficiency. This study examines the proper...

The aim of the work is to develop a mathematical model which has capability to analyses the design parameters as a function of operations conditions for single and multi-stage Joule Thomson Cryocooler System JTCS. The operations conditions are inlet and outlet pressure, precooling temperature, and mass flow rate. The design parameters are expansion...

A practical study was conducted to improve the performance of traditional pyramidal solar stills by using fins with square shapes and a circular diameter on the inside, as well as an internal mirror with a pyramid angle of 55 degrees for the improved and 45 degrees for the traditional. The fins were inserted into the base of the solar still, and a...

Various green building rating systems have been devised to assess the sustainability levels of buildings, offering a standardized approach to evaluate their environmental impact. However, adapting these existing methods to diverse regions requires addressing additional considerations, such as distinct climatic conditions and regional variations. Th...

The main problem of gas generating units that operate in the simple cycle system is their relatively low thermal efficiency, which results in a large waste of heat energy resulting from the fuel combustion process. The current research is aimed to study the economic evaluation of the different types of fuel in the Qayyarah gas power plant. Gas turb...

The present study aims to evaluate the performance of SI engine using GT-Power simulation software with local gasoline fuel (LG) under different compression ratios (CR8, CR8.5, CR9) compared to standard gasoline fuel (SG) under a compression ratio of (8.5) as a base for comparison. A single-cylinder four-stroke (SI), engine (Robine EH17) with a con...

In this research, the design of a low-cost modified anaerobic digester that contributes to improving biogas production in cold winter climates has been investigated. A laboratory biogas production plant consists of two anaerobic fermentation systems has been constricted, the first is conventional and the other is modified. Tests and measurements we...

It is common knowledge that phase-change materials are used for the purpose of thermal storage because of the characteristics that are exclusive to these materials and not found in others. These characteristics include a large capacity for absorbing heat and a large capacity for releasing heat when the phase changes; however, these materials have a...

In this paper, We will attempt to study a fundamental problem, namely, how gas stations operate worse as the outside temperature rises and production decreases. This examination focused on the gas generator made at the Al-Qayyarah gas station. Based on the data from the station's fourth unit, it was discovered that the two factors that affect the c...

This study involves an investigation on fully evaporation process inside annular porous heat exchanger using Cu/distilled water nano-fluid. Emphasis has been placed on how the use of Cu/distilled water affected two-stage flux predictions. Two-phase mixture model, based on the considerations of Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE), has been reformulated...

The simplicity of design and construction following the researcher's or company's notion is the most typical description of solar panels. There will be a set of sensors in every design to derive information about the environment's shifting seasons and days. Two chambers of 1 m2 and 2 m in height were constructed for this study. A solar panel made f...

The transportation sector is the main consumer for liquid fuel in many countries, fuel quality is the main indicator for efficient engine operation. Hence, the current study aims to investigate the utilization of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) as an octane booster with local low octane gasoline at an addition ratio of 5%, 10%, and 15% on a volume b...

This work involves a numerical investigation on free convection heat transfer occurred by a hot cylinder immersed in a square duct cooled from one side under different temperatures. Simulations have been done for a large ranges of Rayleigh number (10 3 ≤ Ra ≤10 7) and right wall temperature (0≤Tr ≤0.75). The results displayed that Nu is enhanced wi...

Creep at high temperature leads to gradual deformation under constant loads. In this paper, a comparative study of the fatigue effect of stainless steel and low carbon steel was made, whereby each sample had a constant weight of 24 kg and the experiments on elongation were performed at temperatures 660℃, 700℃, and 740℃ at a constant time of 10 minu...

Heat treatments can be considered as an effective method to improve the properties of Carbon steel AISI 4140 as it has a good ability to change its mechanical properties. In the current study, the mechanical properties of AISI 4140 and their resistance to mechanical loads were investigated through heating the sample using an electric oven at temper...

The high temperature of solar cells, especially in hot weather, causes a significant decrease in the efficiency of these cells. To raise the photovoltaic efficiency of the hybrid solar system, two thermal collectors were established, the first uses air as a coolant and the second uses water to cool the solar panels, which raises the temperature of...

In this paper, we will attempt to study a fundamental problem, namely, how gas stations operate worse as the outside temperature rises and production decreases. This examination focused on the gas generator made at the Al-Qayyarah gas station. Based on the data from the station's fourth unit, it was discovered that the two factors that affect the c...

The essential issues facing the world are climate change, global warning, energy price, and energy supply crisis. The main responsible for these problems is the petroleum based energy supplement. Carbon dioxide amount increased in environment and the need to higher energy through alternative fuels are becoming important. This should meet through th...

The main problem of gas turbine generating units operating in the simple cycle system is their relatively low thermal efficiency, which leads to large thermal energy losses. The current research aims to study the economic analysis of Kirkuk gas power plant. Field data of gas turbine unit for the year of 2019 were used. The results of the study show...

Fuel additives from waste have been suggested to enhance low octane commercial gasoline in this study. Four samples were prepared in addition to pure commercial gasoline and denoted as GF0, GF4, GF8, GF12, and GF 16 which refer to fusel oil addition ratio of 0%, 4%, 8%, 12, and 16% respectively. Engine speed was controlled and increased manually fr...

Biodiesel from waste sources can be considered as the cheapest and most viable fuel alternative to depleting mineral diesel. In this work, biodiesel has been produced from different sources of waste oil; grilled chicken waste oil (GCWO) which is animal based source and waste cooking oil (WCO) which is vegetable based using transesterification metho...

Impacts of blending fusel oil with gasoline on fuel combustion have been investigated experimentally in the current research to evaluate engine performance improvement and exhaust emission. Tested fuel include F10, F20 (10% and 20% of fusel oil by volume) and pure gasoline as baseline fuel have been used to operate 4-cylinder SI engine at increasin...

This study aims to evaluate the performance of a flat plate solar water heater (SWH) theoretically and experimentally. The thermal performance of the SWH was predicted using Fortran 90 programming language. SWH was designed as a square shape with dimensions of 110 cm length, 120 cm width, and 10 cm depth, and tested by integrating with a modified s...

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the thermal performance of the gas turbine unit represented by (K3) under actual weather conditions by applying the first and second laws of thermodynamics, the design production of the unit (283.6 MW) at standard conditions (1 bar) and temperature (15) Celsius, which included the analysis of the unit energy...

This study aims to evaluate the performance of a flat plate solar water heater (SWH) theoretically and experimentally. The thermal performance of the SWH was predicted using Fortran 90 programming language. SWH was designed as a square shape with dimensions of 110 cm length, 120 cm width, and 10 cm depth, and tested by integrating with a modified s...

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the thermal performance of the gas turbine unit represented by (K3) under actual weather conditions by applying the first and second laws of thermodynamics, the design production of the unit (283.6 MW) at standard conditions (1 bar) and temperature (15) Celsius, which included the analysis of the unit energy...

Fuel quality is an important indicator for the efficient operation of SI engine. Gasoline fuel is produced in many countries under specifications that did not meet the standard specifications that negatively affect engine operation efficiency. Hence, in this study, the impact of Methyl tertiary butyl ether addition to local low octane gasoline on t...

The current review focuses on the utilization of heavy fuel in operating gas turbine and their effect on the power plant performance. The literature survey includes a comparison of the different studies to reveal the effect of the fuel property on the combustion efficiency and fuel consumption. the most important of which is the generation of elect...

The main disadvantage of photovoltaic panels is their low efficiency at high temperatures which engages the researchers to cool the solar panels and store the excess heat for use in times of need. One of the techniques used is the storage of excess heat from photovoltaic panels using phase change materials. This study investigates the performance o...

The target of the current study was to review and analyze the research activities of previous studies on cooling techniques for thermal photovoltaic (PV) systems using phase-change materials. These materials have the ability to absorb and release certain amounts of potential heat energy by changing their state from phase to phase (solid–liquid) wit...

Solar distillation is an important technology to get potable water from saltwater using clean and free solar energy. In the current study, an experimental and theoretical investigation of a single-slope traditional solar still was carried out, and the freshwater productivity and thermal efficiency were evaluated for four typical days (19/06, 17/07,...

Fuel quality is an important indicator for the suitability of alternative fuel for the utilization in internal combustion (IC) engines. In this paper, light naphtha and fusel oil have been introduced as fuel additives for local low octane gasoline to operate a spark ignition (SI) engine. Investigated fuel samples have been prepared based on volume...

One of the key impediments to the wide utilization of solar water desalination systems is limited production. Hence, this study aims at increasing the thermal performance of a single-slope solar still by increasing the surface area of evaporation and absorption exposed to sunlight. A hollow rotating cylinder was installed inside the still structure...

The low freshwater productivity of a conventional solar still is considered a challenge for researchers due to the high temperature of the glass cover or basin water depth. In current work, a newly designed solar still was suggested according to the climatic conditions of Yekaterinburg/Russia, which included an enhanced condensation and evaporation...

The rise of energy demand and ecological contaminations encourage the utilization of alcohol bases on substitutes fuels in spark ignition (SI) engine. The fusel oil is a byproduct acquired from fermentation process with higher alcohol content. It has high-octane and less exhaust emissions; therefore, it takes significant place between the substitut...

The climate change, global warning, energy price, and energy supply crisis are the essential issues facing of the world. The petroleum based energy supplement was the main responsible for these problems. Alternative fuels need and the increasing of the sources of renewable and clean energy with limited fuel supplies are becoming important. Many stu...

Solar water distillation is an effective technology for producing potable water using sustainable energy sources. However, the widespread use of this technology in industrial and domestic applications is hindered by low daily production compared to other methods. In this study, a new modification was introduced by placing a hollow cylinder inside a...

This work investigates and compares the yield of distillate water and economic feasibility of two types of solar stills, namely the conventional solar still (CSS) and the suggested solar still (SSS). Both the solar stills (CSS and MSS) were identical in dimensions and under the same operating conditions to facilitate comparison of the thermal perfo...

This study experimentally investigated the influence of Nickle, Silver and Cobalt nanoparticles materials electrochemically and biologically for medical applications. In vitro, electrochemical corrosion resistance has been used to analysing the behaviour of the nanoparticles materials selected by simulation body fluid (SBF) as corrosive media at 37...

In this study, fusel oil additive from the waste product has been used as an octane number enhancer to improve gasoline engine performance. The fusel additive was added at 10%, 20% and 30% ratios to prepare the investigated fuel samples (M10, M20 and M30, respectively, in addition to pure gasoline M0). Engine tests were conducted at constant half e...

Due to the upsurge of awareness of the depletion of fossil fuel feedstock and environmental issues, biodiesel has become a more attractive choice. Biodiesel's productivity is deemed a fruitful and significant research field since its relevance obtains from the increased oil prices and environmental benefits. This paper presents a study of Alfa wast...

In this review, a survey of previous studies has been conducted on the use of simulation software to evaluate the performance of spark igniting engines. Some of the gaps in the simulation software used by researchers requiring further research and consideration of their potential impact on the writing of the topic under discussion. The results of t...

In this study, investigation of the different materials combinations used for roof insulation in Iraq has been conducted. Rate of heat transfer and cost analysis were performed using three samples of roof insulation combinations commonly used in Iraq in addition to the reinforced cement roof as a threshold for comparison. The materials used in thes...

Current experimental work studies the thermal performance of a flat plate solar water collector according to the weather conditions of the city of Ekaterinburg in Russia. All tests were carried within four months and four typical clear days were chosen for each month. Thermal efficiency, useful energy, and water temperatures at the inlet and outlet...

The limited productivity of conventional solar distillation system is one of the most prominent obstacles that engage researchers to seek for solving using various technologies. Though many technologies suggested to enhance the rate of freshwater production, most of them are expensive and require special equipment for implementation. Therefore, the...

The solar still's productivity affected by various conditions such as design, operational and environmental conditions. The current study aims to investigate the effect of water depth on the suggested solar still productivity. The results showed that the productivity decreased with increasing the basin water depth from 1 cm to 3 cm, and the higher...

This work investigates the effects of water depth on the internal heat transfer coefficients and productivity of a solar distiller with a single slope in the summer season. Three different days were considered with three water depths of 1, 2, and 3 cm in the climatic conditions of Iraq. The results illustrate that the total heat transfer coefficien...

Transportation sector depends mainly on internal combustion engines with SI engine more preferable due to their high speed and fast acceleration. Unfortuntly, these engines are considered as the main consumer for fossil fuel and directly effect the environmental pollution. In this study, performance and emissions of SI engine has been investigated...

Environmental pollution due to fossil fuel combustion has made biodiesel a viable option. Biodiesel fuel has been widely used in land-based vehicle engines, but it is limited to marine sectors. This study investigated the cyclic variations effect of palm biodiesel to determine combustion stability in low compression marine diesel engine. The time s...

IMDC-SDSP conference offers an exceptional platform and opportunity for practitioners, industry experts, technocrats, academics, information scientists, innovators, postgraduate students, and research scholars to share their experiences for the advancement of knowledge and obtain critical feedback on their work. The timing of this conference coinc...

The combustion of conventional fuels within the transportation sector is a crucial driver of global warming and produces a number of harmful emissions. To decrease these adverse factors, the development of synthetic fuels produced from renewable energy sources via the catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) has progressed sig...

Transportation sector depends mainly on internal combustion engines with SI engine more preferable due to their high speed and fast acceleration. Unfortuntly, these engines are considered as the main consumer for fossil fuel and directly effect the environmental pollution. In this study, performance and emissions of SI engine has been investigated...

Water is the most important source for human being and other living creatures. The naturul sources of water started to decline especially in the recent years. Researchers have fo-cused on the productivity of drinking water as one of the main live requirements. Conversion of salt water into drinking water using solar distillation technology can be c...

Fuel property is an important indicator for the fuel suitability to utilize in an internal combustion engine. It can influence the combustion efficiency and fuel consumption directly. In this study, investigation of the effect of fusel oil additive with commercial gasoline at different ratios on the properties of fuel blend and SI engine performanc...

Fossil fuel is the main source for powering internal combustion engine in the existing design. Though different sources of renewable and alternative fuels were suggested, gasoline fuel still the dominant source for operating SI engine. In this study, a comparison has been conducted to evaluate the fuel properties and engine performance with commerc...

In this study, a comparison was made to evaluate fuel properties and engine performance when using local gasoline fuel MU0 with two types of commercial fuel optimizer. MU1 (1/200 addition ratio of commercial additive U1 with local gasoline MU0), and MU2 (1/100 addition ratio of commercial additive U2 with local gasoline MU0) was investigated in add...

The main objective of the current study is to increase the productivity rate of conventional solar still by increasing the surface area of heat transfer in the evaporation section within solar still. Lightweight rotating hollow metal cylinder made of galvanized iron layer (0.06 cm thickness and diameter of 32 cm) with a length of 90 cm was used as...

Conversion of untreated water into drinking water using solar distillation technology can be considered as the most viable methods in the dry climate regions and remote areas. The productivity of solar stills influences by various conditions such as design, operational and environmental conditions. The current paper includes a practical investigati...

Gasoline direct injection (GDI), which is one of the fuel injection technologies extensively used in internal combustion engines, is a viable alternative for port fuel injection technology in premium gasoline (petrol)-run vehicles; furthermore, it provides a better fuel economy, higher thermal efficiency, and greater power output. However, the part...

The limited productivity of traditional solar still considers as one of the most prominent obstacles to their implementation. Thus, the main objective of this study is to improve traditional solar still (TSS) productivity in two successive stages. In the first stage, a rotating hollow cylinder is used within the solar still to increase the surface...

الخلاصة: يعتبر توفير الوقود لمحركات الاحتراق الداخلي من اهم التحديات التي تواجه العالم حالياً وذلك لكون هذه المحركات تستخدم بصوره كبيرة في جميع مجالات الحياة ولكون وقود الديزل يعتبر من الوقود المستنزف والذي يتوفر في مناطق معينة من العالم بالاضافة الى تاتيرة الكبير على التلوث البيئي. تم في هذا البحث دراسة استخدام الوقود المستحلب )ماء + ديزل( لتشغيل...

High fluctuation in cyclic variations influences engine combustion negatively, leading to higher fuel consumption, lower performance, and drivability problems. This paper examines the impacts of injection strategies (injection pressure, injection timing and injection duration) on the cyclic variation of gasoline spark ignition (SI) optical engine u...

Liquid carburizing is considered as one of surface heat treatment techniques of steel, where it is possible to produce surface layers with high hardness and good corrosion-wear resistance. In this study, the use of carbonate in a liquid medium of AISI 1018 Gr 1018 medium carbon steel has been investigated in term of the surface layer hardness and s...

One of the most effective methods of solar water desalination without energy exhaustion is the use of thermal energy storage materials such as paraffin wax (PCM). These materials have been approved as one of the most acceptable alternatives for energy supply in distillation plants. These materials (sensible and latent) are used in the solar still t...

Biodiesel is one of the most common and familiar among the alternative fuels in many applications. It's environment friendly, biodegradable as well as renewable source, to meet the future energy crises. Though blending of biodiesel with mineral diesel are suggested to operate diesel engine, it is approved as a commercial fuel at low blending ratios...

Nowadays, one of the major problems that can face humankind is the water pollution. In this regard, making this natural resource a fresh and unpolluted is a major social and economic concern. However, a great attention has been given for the removal of organic pollutants discharged within wastewater by using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) base...

In this study, the engine performance and emissions of gasoline were examined by applying a response surface methodology (RSM) optimisation approach. Fusel oil-gasoline blends were used to operate an engine at various speeds and loads. The optimal fusel oil-gasoline blend mix ratio was determined to minimise fuel consumption and nitrogen oxide and...

The production of fossil fuel reaches its peak during the current decade. Unfortunately, the reserves of this fuel are depleting with time and limited to certain regions of the world which alarm for a series energy crisis in the future. Furthermore, the world starts to face the problem of global warming which increases rapidly and needs to be contr...

Cycle to cycle variation of a spark ignition engine is analyzed utilising wavelet analysis technique based on the spectral-temporal approach to stabilizing high cyclic variations. The selected examples of previously published cyclic IMEP measurements from a DISI engine a different percentage of fusel oil blended with gasoline (FAWE10, FAWE20, FBWE1...

This paper has been retracted by IOP Publishing as it does not meet the terms of the IOP Proceedings Licence.

Welding is an important process commonly used to join the different materials together. There are many methods for welding process;therefore, the specifications of weldments will depend on the type of welding process. In this study, investigation of the effect of electrical current on the weldment mechanical propertieswas conducted. Medium carbon s...

Spot welding involves the joining of two or more plate metals in localized areas where melting and jointure of a little volume of fabric happens from heating caused by resistance to the passage of an electrical current. This process is typically used for obtaining a lap joint of plate metal parts. In this work, stainless steels and medium carbon st...

Spot welding involves the joining of two or more plate metals in localized areas where melting and jointure of a little volume of fabric happens from heating caused by resistance to the passage of an electrical current. This process is typically used for obtaining a lap joint of plate metal parts. In this work, stainless steels and medium carbon st...

In this study, experiments were conducted on a four-cylinder spark-ignition engine to investigate the effects of iso-butanol additives in ethanol-gasoline blend on fuel properties, performance and emission characteristics of a SI engine. The engine tests were carried out at 50% wide open throttle and variations of engine speed from 3000 to 5000 RPM...