O. Kraa

Université de Biskra · Department of Electrical Engineering

Integration of renewable energy sources in microgrids is a challenging process, where a wealth of metrics should be optimized together to achieve an optimal design. This paper presents a comprehensive approach for selecting the best microgrid structure including a versatile renewable energy source (RES), the proposed microgrid systems are considere...

Passivity-based control is a well-known strategy for synthesizing stable controllers because it models and manages systems based on their global state space equations. It also permits proving the system's stability by making it passive, which is an undeniable advantage over traditional controllers that have limitations in terms of applications, sat...

The growing interest in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from both the scientific and industrial sectors has attracted a wave of new researchers and substantial investments in this expansive field. However, due to the wide range of topics and subdomains within UAV research, newcomers may find themselves overwhelmed by the numerous options available....

The growing interest in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from both scientific and industrial sectors has attracted a wave of new researchers and substantial investments in this expansive field. However, due to the wide range of topics and subdomains within UAV research, newcomers may find themselves overwhelmed by the numerous options available. It...

This paper proposes a practical solution to address the energy management issue in fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEVs). This solution revolves around a powertrain system that contains a fuel cell (FC) as the main supply, a photovoltaic cell (PC) as the secondary energy source, and a battery bank (Batt) as backup storage to compensate for th...

Direct Power Control is an interesting control strategy that can utilize to control the shunt active power filter system, in this paper we present a shunt active power filter controlled using direct power control to eliminate harmonic in grid-connected to a non-linear load system. The results of the SAPF electrical properties of the circuit were ex...

The effective control and management strategies are crucial for ensuring the best performance of hybrid systems based on renewable energies and ensuring a dependable energy system with high efficiency. The energy flow management problem of a system with several sources can be addressed in one of three ways: through the use of control strategies, st...

In this paper, one of the most important and latest Shunt Active Power Filter control strategies has been achieved; finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control in Synchronous Reference Frame (FCS-MPC SRF) is one of the most straightforward strategies to achieve and has very high efficiency in tracking the reference current due to the predictive mod...

The disadvantages of fuel cell systems, such as their high cost, lack of reactivity, and inability to collect energy when the fuel cell vehicle is braking, can be overcome by hybridization with storage devices such the battery or the supercapacitors, which is capable of doing so. The energy management system is regarded as an important technique fo...

Unavoidably, solar energy is at the top of replenished energies. When light rays strike the modules of a solar panel, the Power-Voltage curve is formed. This curve is uniform in a similar irradiation case, but it is non-uniform in the case of shading. Several methods, including conventional and modern methods, can be used to extract the maximum pos...

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is required for all photovoltaic systems. It has the potential to increase the performance of PV arrays significantly. In this paper, we investigate one of the parameters that have been proposed in the original paper of Grey Wolf Optimizer for better enhancement of the MPPT. The parameters are important in the al...

In this study, an improved energy management controller (EMC) is proposed for a grid-connected hybrid system (HS), composed of wind–photovoltaic generation and an energy storage system (ESS). The main contributions of this study are as follows: first, we developed an intelligent supervisory controller based on a recurrent neural network, namely Elm...

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are necessary to achieve the higher effectiveness of photovoltaic systems (PVs). PV arrays have a nonlinear power-voltage characteristic; hence, the curve has a specific point called the “MPP”. In literature, most of the conventional MPPT processes are set to track the MPP under uniform atmospheric con...

This paper proposes a real time validation of a robust control strategy applied to a non-isolated DC/DC power converter with a high step-up ratio, that is suitable for fuel-cell electric vehicle applications. The controlled converter in this work is a four phases floating interleaved boost converter (FIBC) that is selected to achieve a high output...

This paper presents a comparison of three interleaved Boost converters allowing a low ripple of the stack current and predisposition to the operations in degraded mode (default appears on a phase). Then, was chosen the best topology in each multi-stack association architectures. In addition, this paper presents actions of relief of the faulty stack...

This paper treats the design, control and implementation of a non-isolated low voltage DC/DC converter with a high voltage ratio coupled a fuel cell stack and a DC bus which can be used in transport applications. The proposed converter consists of two cascade stages non-isolated DC/DC converters. The first stage is an interleaved boost converter an...

This paper proposes an experimental study of a control strategy for a voltage regulated DC hybrid power source employing photovoltaic (PV) panels as the main source, fuel cell (FC) emulator as the auxiliary power source and lead-acid batteries for the reason of storage and to ensure the right balance between the distributed generation system and th...

In this paper, a modelling, an implementation and a control of a dc-dc converter structure called “two phases Interleaved Boost Converter (IBC)” will be presented. This topology is widely used in order to reduce the input current ripples and the size of passive component with high efficiency. The control of the IBC converter is designed by dual loo...

This paper presents the modelling and control strategies based on PI and nonlinear sliding mode controllers of a hybrid fuel cell/supercapacitor source. It is composed of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC 500W) and a supercapacitor stack (800W) as a main and an auxiliary sources respectively, to supply the load requirements in the tra...

In this paper, a nonlinear flatness and sliding mode controllers of a Fuel Cell and Supercapacitor (FC/SCs) DC-link voltage are proposed and validated by the simulation results. The nonlinear flatness strategy provides a simple way to achieve a linearizing feedback control law, which allows giving an exponential tracking of the desired energy refer...

A fuel cell is usually a low-voltage with hybrid voltage/current source characteristics. So that their output voltage must be increased to approximately a few hundred volts to be suitable for vehicles power trains or for any industrial application. Therefore a dc-dc power converter is required to set up the fuel cell voltage to high voltage DC bus....

Fuel cells are a promising new alternative energy resource in distributed generation and electric vehicle applications. However, usually a fuel cell has slow response due to the dynamic of its auxiliaries. To optimize the fuel cell system performances, an appropriate controller that can regulate the power flow and automatically adjust the converter...

Presently, the photovoltaic (PV) and the wind energies are the most important energetic alternative resources. So far, a lot of researches are developed and conducted concerning the cost-optimally design and energy management for the stand-alone hybrid PV-wind generator (WG) systems. In this study, a methodology for optimal sizing design and strate...

This research study presents an Adaptive Operation Mode (AOM) of an Electric Vehicle (EV) in order to reduce its energy con- sumption. This AOM can be Economic, Dynamic or Eco-Dynamic (EOM, DOM or EDOM) according to the battery State Of Charge (SOC). The control principle is based on specific Adaptive Fuzzy Logic (AFL) combined with the Maximum Con...

This paper presents the modelling and the control strategies based on the states feedback control of an Electrical Vehicle (EV). The Electromechanical behaviour of studied system is modelled by using the states representation deduced from the electrical and dynamical laws. Two kinds of methods are used to determine the values of control's parameter...

This paper treats the design and control of different models and control strategies for an Electric Vehicle (EV). An hybrid controller is designed using a fuzzy logic integrated in Maximum Control Structure (FL-MCS), the FL nonlinear controller involves online estimation of the total reference force which corresponds to a torque reference to be app...

Electric vehicles using Fuel Cell (FC), as a substitute for internal-combustion-engine vehicles, have become a research hotspot for most automobile manufacturers all over the world. Fuel cell systems have disadvantages, such as high cost, slow response and no regenerative energy recovery during braking; hybridization can be a solution to these draw...

Fuel Cells (FCs) are a good alternative for using clean energy in most of residential and industrial applications. Therefore, their slow dynamics and difficulty to respond to the abrupt changes of load leads to the preference or the adoption of the FC's association with one or more power sources of high dynamics, such as supercapacitors (SCs) or ba...

This paper presents the modelling and the traction control of an Electrical Vehicle (EV) speed based on the Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR) and the Maximum Control Structure (MCS). The EMR-MCS have been first developed by L2EP (Lille, France). By using a specific Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) in MCS, an Adaptive operation Mode (AOM) is devel...

This paper presents a flatness control algorithm for a DC hybrid power sources used in Electric Vehicle (EV). The studied hybrid sources is composed by both electric sources, the first one is PEM fuel cell as the main sources, and the second one is supercapacitors pack considered as the auxiliary source. The load is connected directly in the DC lin...

A methodology of sizing optimization of a stand-alone hybrid wind/PV/diesel energy system with battery storage is addressed in this article. The aim is to find the optimal number of units guaranteeing that the life time round total system cost/emission is minimized subject to the constraint that the load energy necessities are completely covered. T...