Nurul Akidah Baharuddin

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia | ukm · Fuel Cell Institute

An investigation was conducted to determine the effects of operating parameters for various electrode types on hydrogen gas production through electrolysis, as well as to evaluate the efficiency of the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer. Deionized (DI) water was fed to a single-cell PEM electrolyzer with an active area of 36 cm2. Param...

This study reports on the synthesis of bi-metal compound (BMC) adsorbents based on commercial coconut activated carbon (CAC), surface-modified with metal acetate (ZnAc2), metal oxide (ZnO), and the basic compounds potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The adsorbents were then characterized by scanning electron microscopy and elemen...

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are eco‐friendly and yet highly efficient power generation devices. However, SOFCs face some commercial issues with durability, reliability, sustainability, and fabrication costs. In recent years, a unique design idea of symmetrical cell configuration of SOFCs with similar anode and cathode materials, commonly known a...

This paper presents the development of a new composite cathode Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ-Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 carbonate (BSCF-SDCC). The BSCF-SDCC (50 wt% BDCF: 50 wt% SDCC) composite cathode was developed by low-speed ball milling in ethanol. The composite cathode is prepared in powder and pellet form, followed by calcination at 600 °C. The BSCF-SDCC com...

LiCoO2–based materials are used as cathodes in solid oxide fuel cells due to their excellent electro catalytic activities. Studies on the enhancement of the performance of cathodes using LiCoO2–based materials have been limited to the doping parameter, while the effects of layering-related factors have been neglected. In this study, a Ni-doped LiCo...

Proton ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) are a better alternative to the combustion-based electrical generators because of their high energy conversion efficiency and low carbon emission at relatively low operating temperatures. The electrochemical performance of PCFCs in terms of conductivity, cycling stability, and power density is heavily influenced by...

Cathode thickness plays a major role in establishing an active area for an oxygen reduction reaction in energy converter devices, such as solid oxide fuel cells. In this work, we prepared SrFe0.9Ti0.1O3−δ–Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 composite cathodes with different layers (1×, 3×, 5×, 7×, and 9× layer). The microstructural and electrochemical performance of ea...

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is known for its higher efficiency compared to the other types of fuel cells. Even so, the application of SOFC is hindered by the operational temperature of 800 °C–1000 °C. Lowering the operational temperature below 1000 °C of SOFC becomes the major concern to allow wider applications as well as to increase the durabili...

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are energy conversion technologies known for their excellent efficiency and high energy density. However, the application of SOFCs is restrained by their high operating temperatures (800 °C–1000 °C), which result in overall energy system degradation. Reducing the operating temperatures of SOFCs leads to a reduction in...

The potential of Ni–Cu–Mn spinels as methane reforming catalysts for hydrocarbon-fueled solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) applications is highly dependent on its catalytic properties, particularly reducibility. The reducibility of a spinel-structured catalyst is often correlated with its structural properties and fabrication processes. In this work, the...

Education is now being modernized and digitalized in parallel with the rapid changing of technologies. Therefore, maintaining the student interest in the course should come together with a new teaching method that entertaining yet still educating, called the edutainment approach. Edutainment is a mixture of education and entertainment. Teaching new...

The performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is significantly affected by the properties of its components which are electrolyte, electrodes (cathode and anode) and interconnect. Among the components, cathode is considered as the most critical component as high cathode polarization resistance (Rp) contributes to a major loss in SOFC performanc...

The effect of fabrication methods on polysiloxane (POS) composites were studied by analysing both method of casting (CA) and compression (CO). The POS composites were reinforced with 2-12 wt% of natural derived silica from rice husk (RHA SiO 2 ) as a filler which incinerated at 700°C. The composites behaviour were analysed through tensile testing (...

The primary components of SOFCs are the anode, cathode, and the electrolyte. Anode is critical in achieving the effective electrochemical oxidation of fuel; thus, its performance can be improved using homogenous powder synthesized through an appropriate method. Various synthesis methods, including solid‐state reaction and wet chemical methods have...

The sustainable development goals concept towards zero carbon emission, set forth by the Paris Agreement, is the foundation of decarbonisation implemented in most developed countries worldwide. One of the efforts in the decarbonisation of the environment is through hydrogen fuel cell technology. A fuel cell is an energy converter device that produc...

Anode is one of the principal components of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The microstructural, thermal, electrical, and electrochemical properties of an anode significantly depend on the synthesis method. Therefore, this paper summarizes and reviews the different methods used to synthesize the anode materials for SOFCs. The solid state reaction (...

A composite material of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3-δ- BaCe 0.54 Zr 0.36 Y 0.1 O 2.95 (LSC-BCZY) was prepared by mixing sol-gel derived LSC and BCZY powders in different weight percentage (wt%) ratio of LSC to BCZY (LSC:BCZY). The prepared composite powders were denoted as S1 (30:70), S2 (50:50) and S3 (70:30). The powders were characterized by an X-ray di...

Symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operate at high temperatures and consist of a dense electrolyte which is sandwiched between two electrodes. An anode acts as a fuel electrode where fuel is oxidised, while a cathode serves as an air electrode in which oxygen is reduced. However, the use of two different materials as electrodes poses severa...

LiCoO2‐based materials are well‐known cathode materials used in lithium ion batteries. Moreover, these materials are currently utilized in low‐temperature proton‐conducting solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Various dopants, such as Mn, Sr, and Zn, are introduced into LiCo2‐based materials to improve their properties and performance for proton‐conduct...

A composite cathode exhibits low activation polarisation by spreading its electrochemically active area within its volume. Composite cathodes enable the development of high-performance electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) at intermediate temperatures (600 °C – 800 °C) because of their significant role in determining the kinetics of oxygen...

A low operating temperature is one of the concerns in commercialising solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) as a portable power source. The aim of this research is to develop a new cathode material, barium strontium cobalt ferrite–samarium doped ceria (BSCF-SDC) added with argentum (Ag) for low-temperature SOFCs (LT-SOFCs). The composite powder was prepar...

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is known as the most efficient fuel cell, with an efficiency of 60% in converting fuel to electricity and up to 80% in fuel to energy conversion (including heat). A SOFC consists of three primary components, namely, anode, electrolyte and cathode. Given the demand for reducing the operating temperature below 800°C, not...

A single-phase of perovskite-type oxide material can be prepared at a processing temperature relatively lower than 1000 °C through a sol-gel method. However, it is affected by the nature of chemical additives employed during the synthesis process. In the present work, sol-gel derived lanthanum strontium cobaltite, La 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3-δ (LSC64) mate...

Nickel/scandia-ceria-stabilized-zirconia (Ni/10Sc1CeSZ) cermet is a potential anode for solid oxide fuel cells. The anode powder is prepared through a microwave-assisted glycine nitrate combustion process, and its properties, including phase and chemical composition as well as morphology, are characterized by XRD, TEM, and EDS techniques. The elect...

The influence of layer numbers on the structural and electrical performance of SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3-δ cobalt-free cathode was studied. The SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3-δ cathode films fabricated using screen-printing technique with different layer numbers sintered at 1300 °C for 2 h were characterised using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) for struc...

The effect of thin film properties on the electrochemical performance of La 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3-δ (LSC) cathode was investigated. A single phase of sol-gel derived LSC cathode powder is produced using ethylene glycol (EG) and activated carbon (AC), pressed into a pellet and turned into an LSC cathode slurry. The slurry is screen printed with different...

Li-based materials, previously used in lithium batteries, are now actively applied in solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The synthesis and characterisation of LiCo 0.6 Zn 0.4 O 2 (LCZO) cathode powder calcined at 600 °C for SOFC application has been reported. In the present work, LCZO powder was calcined at 700 °C and its properties were investigated....

Oxidation of ferritic stainless steel SUS430-based interconnects in intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC) contributes to the formation of oxide scales containing volatile chromium (Cr) species around the component. In a long-term operation, Cr volatilization causes Cr poisoning on the cathode component, which is in contact with t...

The performance of low-to-intermediate temperature (400–800 °C) solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) depends on the properties of electrolyte used. SOFC performance can be enhanced by replacing electrolyte materials from conventional oxide ion (O²⁻) conductors with proton (H⁺) conductors because H⁺ conductors have higher ionic conductivity and theoretica...

Titanium, Ti-doped SrFe 1-x Ti x O 3-δ (x = 0.1–0.5) perovskite-structured ceramics were synthesized via solution combustion. The structural, morphological, and electrochemical behaviors of the as-synthesized materials were investigated to determine the applicability of SrFe 1-x Ti x O 3-δ as a cobalt-free cathode material for intermediate-temperat...

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pengaruh perlakuan panas tempering yang diberikan terhadap ketahanan impak dan untuk mendapatkan pengaruh perlakuan panas tempering terhadap struktur mikro. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan cara memanaskan hingga temperatur austenit 8000C dengan waktu penahanan selama 45 menit dan diquenching dengan medi...

Cobalt-free SrFe0·8Ti0·2O3-δ cathode powders were synthesized through the combustion method. Results of thermogravimetric and Fourier transform infrared analyses suggested that a perovskite oxide started to form at temperatures above 1100 °C. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement analyses confirmed that the single-phase cubic structure (Pm-3m)...

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a green and reliable alternative energy source. Recent developments in SOFC have reduced its operating temperature from high (>1000 °C) to intermediate (<800 °C), thereby replacing ceramics by metal alloys as interconnect materials. Strict criteria in selecting interconnect material lead to Cr-based alloys as pot...

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are advanced systems and currently a leading power source technology. SOFCs are appealing because they offer high power conversion efficiency, reliability, fuel adaptability and environmental friendliness. In general, SOFCs consist of electrodes (anode and cathode), electrolyte and interconnects. The cathode in partic...

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are favorable alternatives to fossil fuels because SOFCs have minimal carbon emission and can thus provide clean sustainable energy. They also have higher power-generation efficiency than traditional energy sources. However, improvements in the power and performance of SOFCs have caused the SOFC stack to be subjected...

Fuel cell is an energy converter device that generates electricity through electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. An example of fuel cell is the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) which uses a ceramics based solid electrolyte. Due to the use of ceramics, SOFC normally operates at high temperatures up to 1000°C. This high operating temperat...

This study examined the effects of samarium and erbium co-doping on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of ceria (CeO2). Ceramic (Ce0.8Sm0.2-xErxO2-δ; x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) electrolytes were synthesized via sol-gel assisted citric acid–nitrate combustion and calcined at 850 °C for 5 h. The calcined electrolytes possessed a c...

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The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of three key fabrication parameters (thickness, solid content, and sintering temperature) on the performance of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) cathode. Single-phase, high specific surface area of 12.2 m²/g and nano-sized LSCF cathode powder was synthesized by microwave-assisted glycine-nitrate pro...

In this study, the effects of different fabrication techniques on the electrochemical performance of solgel derived La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ (LSC) cathode material for intermediate temperature proton-conducting fuel cells were investigated. Single-phase, sub-micron LSC powder was used to prepare cathode slurries by a simple grinding-stirring (G-S) techniqu...

The effects of sintering temperature on the structural and electrochemical properties of SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3-δ perovskite cathode film was investigated. For the structural properties of SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3-δ film sintered at a temperature ranging from 900-1300 C, changes in surface and cross-sectional microstructure were studied. Surface porosity and micro h...

This study explored the effects of mixing time on the purity and physical properties of synthesized perovskite (SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3 − δ) powders. SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3 − -δ powders were prepared with solution combustion, in which various precursor solutions were utilized with different mixing times. The precursor powders were calcined at a certain temperature...

SrFe0.5Ti0.5O3-δ perovskite-structured ceramic was produced using wet processing method namely glycine-nitrate combustion technique. The quality of powders produced through this wet processing method was strongly related to processing parameters and heat treatment. This study investigated the effect of calcination temperature and mixing time of nit...

Available online xxx Keywords: Solid oxide fuel cell Cobalt-free cathode Polarization resistance a b s t r a c t Cobalt-containing cathodes are known for their ability to operate under high-temperature applications in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Reducing the operation temperature into intermediate temperature-to-low temperature (IT-LT) zones ma...

SrFe 0.9 Ti 0.1 O 3-δ (SFT) was synthesized through glycine-nitrate combustion to elucidate its thermal decomposition behavior. In this work, dark precursor powders were obtained after combustion was completed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted at room temperature to 1200 °C in static air with a heating rate of 10 °Cmin-1 for the as-pr...

The effects of sintering temperature of an LSCF-samarium-doped ceria carbonate (SDCC) cathode composite film on its polarization resistance (Rp) were evaluated in this study. An LSCF-SDCC composite cathode was prepared for cathode film development by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The LSCF-SDCC composite cathode was prepared at 50:50 weight perc...

Kertas kajian ini membincangkan kesan suhu pensinteran ke atas prestasi elektrokimia katod komposit sel bahan api oksida pepejal LSCF-SDCC. Katod komposit LSCD-SDCC disediakan dengan nisbah berat 50:50 dan dihasilkan melalui kaedah pengedapan elektroforetik (EPD). Kaedah EPD dijalankan ke atas kedua belah sisi substrat SDCC untuk menghasilkan sel s...

The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process has shown great potential in the development of cathodes for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). This study thus aimed to determine the feasibility of the electrophoretic deposition technique in producing composite cathode films. Two parameters were investigated, namely, the effects of counter electrode size a...

As an environmentally friendly technology, the fuel cell is one of the alternative technologies that can replace fossil fuels. Various types of fuel cells are available in the market, including the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The planar and tubular designs of SOFC are the leading designs mentioned in the literature. Several factors such as manufa...

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer high energy conversion, low noise, low pollutant emission, and low processing cost. Despite many advantages, SOFCs face a major challenge in competing with other types of fuel cells because of their high operating temperature. The necessity to reduce the operational temperature of SOFCs has led to the developmen...

La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ–samarium-doped ceria (SDC) carbonate thin films are produced on SDC carbonate substrates by the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. EPD is performed by fixing the voltage and suspension pH while varying the deposition time to obtain a >20 μm-thick layer. The deposition time of 30 min yields more particle deposits than...