Nurhadi Ibrahim

• MD, PhD
• Lecturer at University of Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), play a crucial role as neuroprotective factors. Currently, there is a lack of studies examining the biomolecular responses of the brain to intermittent hypoxia resulting from various pressures. This s...

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death in Indonesia. From 2013 to 2018, the prevalence of stroke increased from 7% to 10.9%. There are two types of strokes, namely Hemorrhagic and Acutte Ischemic Stroke (AIS) with the majority of it being AIS. Early detection and diagnosis are essential in stroke as it is a life-threatening disease, and the s...

The current paper focuses on correlating the region of ischemic stroke based on CT-scan and EEG image visualization, approaching using Brainstorm and BSI on each pair. Ischemic stroke occurs when the flow of blood containing oxygen and supplements to the brain is blocked, causing the body to break down. In arrange to identify stroke, we generally u...

Stroke is one of the most leading causes of death and disability in the world as well as in Indonesia. Almost 85% of stroke patients suffer from Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS). They need to be early diagnosed to improve stroke treatment. The most common tools that have been widely used in diagnosing strokes are Computed Tomography Scans (CT Scans) and...

Gangguan pada pusat pengaturan nafsu makan dapat menyebabkan obesitas. Glucagon like Peptide -1 (GLP-1) dan Neuropeptide Y (NPY) merupakan dua peptida penting yang terlibat dalam pengendalian nafsu makan. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. memiliki potensi dalam pengendalian obesitas dengan memodulasi kadar GLP-1 dan NPY di p...

This work was concerned on development of the EEG acquisition and EEG signal processing by adding active electrodes and implementing multithread techniques. By using active electrodes, mounting them on the scalp surface would be easier to capture low signals of less than 1µV. The active electrodes were used to reduce noise when transfer signals fro...

An inhouse Electroencephalography (EEG) data acquisition system based on Raspberry Pi and Analog Front End (AFE) ADS1299 EEGFE-PDK has been developed. The system displayed a relative power ratio (RPR) and brain symmetry index (BSI) in real-time. The features of the AFE are simultaneous sampling for eight channels, 24 bits resolution, low power, and...

Introduction: Coaching has become increasingly popular for leadership development and behavioral change in organizations. Recent studies suggest that motivation is essential in enhancing the effectiveness of workplace coaching. A number of studies revealed that delta and beta-gamma oscillations are associated with the human motivational process thr...

BACKGROUND: Memory declines with the progression of age through the neurodegeneration process. Aerobic exercise and environmental enrichment can delay neurodegeneration by improving neuroplasticity via expression of insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and other proteins. Combination treatment of aerobic exercise...

p> BACKGROUND Women in menopause experience dramatic alterations in gonadal hormone concentrations, including diminished estradiol levels. It has been hypothesized that these hormonal changes may be responsible for the occurrences of menopausal symptoms, such as hot flushes, sleep disruption, night sweats, and irritability, as well as mild cognitiv...

This study is directed to investigate the ‘golden period’ of herbal Centella asiatica (CA) administration towards striatum’s function and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) concentration to achieve its maximum efficacy during various developmental stages of prepubertal, postpubertal, adolescent and young mature period. Mices of age 5, 8 ,12, and 15 weeks...

In the study conducted by Margiana et al., 2015, it has been known that the angle parameters around the point which acts as the meeting point of the lines between the heel and the third fingertip and between finger one and finger five (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4) are strongly correlated with Sciatic Functional Index (SFI), Tibial Functional Index (TFI) and...

Overtraining leads to an increase in IL-1β systemically due to muscle microtrauma, which affects the hippocampus, an important structure in spatial memory consolidation. The administration of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn is expected to decrease IL-1β and increase IL-1ra, thereby potentially preventing impairments in spatial memory consolidation. This r...

NORMATIVE VALUES OF VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIALS` LATENCIES AND AMPLITUDES IN ADULTSABSTRACTIntroduction: Visual evoked potentials (VEP) is used to assess the visual pathway through the optic nerves and brain. VEP wave can be affected by physiological and non-physiological factors; some of which can be controlled, while others cannot. Thus, each VEP la...

Bioreactor provides a biomimetic ecosystem that is able to culture cells in a physically controlled system. In general, the controlled-parameters are temperature, pH, fluid flow, nutrition flow, etc. In this study, we develop a bioreactor that specifically targeted to culture neural stem cells. This bioreactor could overcome some limitations of con...

Executive coaching has become a well-established method of leadership development in many organizations. However, nothing is known about what effects coaching processes have on brain activity in understanding the neurobiological basis of behavioral changes. Using quantified electroencephalogram (qEEG) activity in the gamma-band range, this pilot st...

Objective: To determine the role of anthropometric measurement, menopausal symptoms and biochemical marker changes as screening methods for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in postmenopausal women Methods: A cross-sectional study included 282 postmenopausal women in Jakarta, further classified into two groups, with and without MCI. Some related vari...

Background: Halothane, a potent inhalational anesthetic, is known to cause arrhythmia, probably due to Ryanodine Receptor (RyR) activation, triggering Ca²⁺release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) to the cytosol. Mg²⁺hypothetically prevents Ca²⁺release by inhibiting RyR and increasing Ca²⁺reuptake to SR. Methods: An in vitro experiment was done on c...

Introduction: Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) is believed to have neuroprotective effect. IHH induces changes in gene expression and intracellular signaling pathways that lead to the emergence of intracellular adaptation through the process of erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, glucose transport and anaerobic glycolysis through HIF-1 alpha gene act...

Background: Lidocaine in spinal anesthesia may cause nerve injury and has been related to increase incidence of cauda equina syndrome and persistent lumbosacral neuropathy after spinal anesthesia. Lidocaine neurotoxicity involves necrosis process and mitochondrial dysfunction followed by activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Therapeutic mild...

Microfluidic bioreactor gives a unique environment for culturing cells with its perfusion flow as a growth stimulant. This microenvironment was made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) that offers a high biocompatibility and low toxicity. This bioreactor was made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). It offers an opportunity to overcome previous limitations a...

p> Background: The high plasma level of matrix metalloproteinses–9 (MMP-9) is believed to disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cause brain edema, as well as increase patient’s length of hospital stay (LOS). Tigecycline showed ability to reduce the MMP-9 level on study in animals. This study aimed to evaluate whether tigecycline can reduce the...

Background: The exercise program (EP) demonstrated beneficial effects on survival and morbidity of patients with chronic and stable heart failure (HF), but there were no evidence of safety and benefit when the EP was implemented early. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of early EP for patients with HF. Methods: We randomly rec...

Biomechanical abnormalities of pronated feet accompanied by functional leg length disparity may increase the risk of skeletal muscle injury. Objective of the study is to prove that correction of pronated feet by the foot orthoses will reduce the creatine kinase-MM (CK-MM) concentrations as the muscle injury indicator. The design study was double bl...

Cardiopulmonary bypass during tetralogy of Fallot corrective surgery is associated with oxidative stress, and contributes to peri-operative problems. Curcumin has been known as a potent scavenger of reactive oxygen species, which enhances the activity of antioxidants and suppresses phosphorylation of transcription factors involved in inflamation an...

Stroke is a clinical manifestation of brain circulatory disorders causing neurological deficits. Eighty percents are non-hemorrhagic stroke resulting from vascular occlusion thus advancing the damage-induced hypoxia of hippocampal neuron. This damage can be prevented by Acalypha indica which contents antioxidant. The purpose of this study is to pro...

Background: This study was done to determine the effect of root extract of Acalypha indica Linn (akar kucing) in protecting neuron viability of the rat hippocampus on tissue culture in hypoxic condition. Methods: This is an experimental study of in vitro primary cell culture of hippocampus of Sprague Dowley adult rat. The cultures were group into c...

Cell therapy was one of alternative therapy to treat degeneration diseases in hope of organ or tissue repairment. Mesenchymal stem cell was found in the human peripheral blood (PB). PB was a promising source that can be used as an alternative source of MSC for cell therapy. Objective: This research aimed to observe and prove the effect of Centella...

Stroke caused a harmful hipoxic-ischaemic condition of the brain. Neurochemical changes following stroke increases cholesterol oxidation products. One of such product is 7-ketocholesterol which able to change lipid raft composition and transmembrane proteins behavior. Ion channels play a key role in various functions that defines a nerve cell. Macr...

Background: This research was done to study the influence of Acalypha indica Linn root extract towards relative cell viability and proliferation as parameters of neurogenesis in post-hypoxic hippocampal tissue culture.Methods: Experimental in vitro study using 24 primary neuronal cell cultures obtained from adult Sprague Dawley rat exposed to hypox...

Sel punca embrional telah lama digunakan dalam penelitian. Sel embrional manusia dinilai lebih menguntungkan dibanding sel embrional hewan coba, tetapi penelitian pada manusia terkendala etika. Pemrograman inti sel untuk menghasilkan sel pluripoten membuahkan terobosan berupa sel iPS yang dihasilkan dari induksi sel somatik manusia yang telah ter...

The studies of neuro-protection and neuro-therapy effects of Acalypha indica Linn. water extract ex vivo on Musculus gastrocnemius frog have already done at three Departments in Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia. The experimental studies were done on 2 groups of frog for neuro-protection and neuro-therapy effects. Each group of frog was...

Aim To demonstrate nerve protection and/or treatment effect of Acalypha indica Linn. extract on nerve paralysis induced by subcutaneus injection of pancuronium bromide on frog’s back.Methods The study was performed on sixty frogs (Bufo melanostictus Schneider) that divided into two groups, i.e. the neuro-protection and neuro-therapy group. Each gro...

ABSTRACT Acalypha indica Linn extracts has neuroprotective and neurotherapy effects on neuromuscular junction and inhibits neurotoxin isolated frog in musculoskeletal tissues. Thus, the administration of aqueous extract of Acalypha indica Linn roots was assumed to induce the neuroregeneration of hippocampal neurons after cerebral hypoxia injury. T...

Bertambah atau berkurangnya berat badan terjadi akibat perubahan pada keseimbangan energi tubuh. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi hal ini adalah adanya perubahan pada nafsu makan. Bagian tubuh yang dipahami sebagai pusat pengaturan nafsu makan adalah hipotalamus. Hipotalamus menerima berbagai sinyal dari dalam dan luar tubuh untuk menimbulkan re...

Hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are critical for controlling homeostatic functions in the mammal. We used a transgenic mouse model in which the POMC neurons were labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein to perform visualized, whole-cell patch recordings from prepubertal female hypothalamic slices. The mouse POMC-enhanced gree...

Here we report on the progress we have made in elucidating the mechanisms through which estrogen alters synaptic responses in hypothalamic neurons. We examined the modulation by estrogen of the coupling of various receptor systems to inwardly rectifying and small conductance, Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels. We used intracellular sharp-electrod...

We have reported that supraoptic nucleus (SON) neurones are excited by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) presumably via dual postsynaptic PG receptors, FP receptors and unidentified EP receptors, and that presynaptic EP receptors may also be involved in the excitation. In the present study, to clarify the receptor mechanism of the PGE2-mediated actions on SO...

K-ATP channels are members of the inwardly-rectifiying potassium channel family (Kir 6.0). These channels couple membrane excitability to cellular metabolism by directly sensing ATP and ADP levels, and play a key role in hypothalamic control of energy homeostasis. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings were made in coronal slices through the basal hypot...

KATP channels are members of the inwardly-rectifiying potassium channel family (Kir 6.0) and couple membrane excitability to cellular metabolism. We sought to measure the effects of KATP channel drugs on POMC neurons since they play a key role in the hypothalamic control of energy homeostasis. In order to visualize POMC neurons, we produced a trans...

The μ-opioid receptor is an autoreceptor in hypothalamic POMC neurons that becomes uncoupled and downregulated in the female guinea pig with chronic morphine treatment. In order to directly visualize POMC neurons, we produced a transgenic mouse with an Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) inserted into the 5' noncoding region of POMC exon 2. T...

The release of vasopressin and oxytocin is regulated by the electrical activity of magnocellular neurosecretory cells in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, which is under the control of a great variety of neuro-transmitters and neuromodulators. The major neural signals to the supraoptic nucleus are from excitatory glutamate inputs and inhib...

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been implicated in the excitatory regulation of magnocellular neurones in the supraoptic nucleus (SON). We have recently reported that PGE2 excited SON neurones by directly activating postsynaptic PGE2 receptors (EP receptors) of a subclass other than EP1-3, but did not affect excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs). In...

Prostaglandins (PGs) have been implicated in the regulation of vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) release in response to various stimuli. To examine the site and mechanism of actions of PGs, we studied effects of PGE2 and PG-receptor agonists on supraoptic nucleus (SON) neurones of rat hypothalamic slice preparations using extracellular recording a...

To elucidate the role of GABAB receptors in the regulation of the electrical activity of magnocellular neurons of the supraoptic nucleus (SON), the effects of GABAB agonist and antagonist on the firing rate of spontaneous action potentials were studied in SON slice preparations of rats by extracellular recordings. In the presence of the gamma-amino...

The function of presynaptic GABA receptors in the regulation of transmitter release in supraoptic nucleus (SON) magnocellular neurons was investigated by recording spontaneous postsynaptic currents from rat magnocellular SON neurons in a slice preparation (150μM thick, 1.8 mm in diameter) using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique. Both the spontan...