Numa Markee

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• PhD
• Emeritus Associate Research Professor of Linguistics at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

In this paper, I treat avoidance as a locally contingent practice that is collaboratively co-constructed by participants in real time as a topic of interaction during the course of naturally occurring institutional talk. In order to develop this post-cognitive account of how participants do, and justify doing, avoidance-as-behavior, I draw on ethno...

We use insights and methods from ethnomethodological conversation analysis and discursive psychology to develop an account of embodied word and grammar searches as socially distributed planning practices. These practices, which were produced by three intermediate learners of Italian as a Foreign Language (IFL), occurred massively in natural data th...

For millions of individuals all over the world, speaking in a second language is a daily activity. It is therefore important that research in applied linguistics should contribute empirically to the study of second language spoken interaction. The aim of this volume is to make such a contribution by providing research-based insights into current ap...

Research methodology plays a pivotal role in generating new knowledge in any academic discipline. Applied Linguistics (AL) researchers use a variety of research methodologies to address different research problems and research questions, given its interdisciplinary nature. Notwithstanding the plethora of research methodologies used by AL researcher...

Research methodology plays a pivotal role in generating new knowledge in any academic discipline. Applied Linguistics (AL) researchers use a variety of research methodologies to address different research problems and research questions, given its interdisciplinary nature. Notwithstanding the plethora of research methodologies used by AL researcher...

This book (Managing Curricular Innovation, 1997, Cambridge University Press) provides a theoretical introduction to the field of the diffusion of innovations as it pertains to ESL curriculum design, materials development and teaching + a case study of how Task Based Language Teaching viewed as an innovation eventually diffused at a Mid-Western univ...

This book (Managing Curricular Innovation, 1997, Cambridge University Press) provides a theoretical introduction to the field of the diffusion of innovations as it pertains to ESL curriculum design, materials development and teaching + a case study of how Task Based Language Teaching viewed as an innovation eventually diffused at a Mid-Western univ...

This book (Managing Curricular Innovation, 1997, Cambridge University Press) provides a theoretical introduction to the field of the diffusion of innovations as it pertains to ESL curriculum design, materials development and teaching + a case study of how Task Based Language Teaching viewed as an innovation eventually diffused at a Mid-Western univ...

In this text we summarize the chapters contained in Part III. That is, after a short introduction to the specific research area addressed by the chapters, we briefly summarize the content of: Sert (this volume), Waring (this volume), and Kim and Silver (this volume).

In this text we summarize the chapters contained in Part II. That is, after a short introduction to the specific research area addressed by the chapters, we briefly summarize the content of: Evnitskaya (this volume), Kääntä (this volume) and Lee (this volume).

In this text we summarize the chapters contained in Part IV. That is, after a short introduction to the specific research area addressed by the chapters, we briefly summarize the content of: Can Daşkın (this volume), Huth (this volume), and Walters (this volume).

In this text we summarize the chapters contained in Part I. That is, after a short introduction to the specific research area addressed by the chapters, we briefly summarize the content of: Majlesi (this volume), Eskildsen (this volume), Musk (this volume) and Kunitz (this volume).

Conversation Analysis (CA) is the theoretical and methodological framework that inspires the contributions to this edited volume. CA is an approach and methodology in the social sciences that is rooted in ethnomethodology (EM) and aims to describe, analyze, and understand interaction as “a basic and constitutive feature of human social life”. This...

This book presents an international range of conversation analytic (CA) studies of classroom interaction which all discuss their empirical findings in terms of their theoretical and methodological contribution to the field of second language studies and their potential pedagogical relevance. The volume is thus unique in its focus on the theoretical...

This volume brings together researchers in conversation analysis who examine the practice of alternating between English and German, Italian, Spanish, Swedish and Vietnamese in the classroom. The collection shows that language alternation is integral to being and learning to become a bilingual, and that being and learning to become a bilingual are...

This volume brings together researchers in conversation analysis who examine the practice of alternating between English and German, Italian, Spanish, Swedish and Vietnamese in the classroom. The collection shows that language alternation is integral to being and learning to become a bilingual, and that being and learning to become a bilingual are...

This volume brings together researchers in conversation analysis who examine the practice of alternating between English and German, Italian, Spanish, Swedish and Vietnamese in the classroom. The collection shows that language alternation is integral to being and learning to become a bilingual, and that being and learning to become a bilingual are...

Introduction Applied conversation analysis (CA) involves a departure from the more normative ways of “doing” CA which are to investigate and describe talk-in-interaction. It entails using findings emerging from analysis to conduct interventions that “generally involve the causes and consequences of actions” (Heritage and Robinson 2011: 16). As Wari...

The first issue of 2018 is a thematic one featuring articles on Interactional Competence (IC) in a second/foreign/additional language (L2), a concept that has widely been used in the last decade to denote language users’ practices and methods for organising social interaction in classrooms and beyond.

Context is one of the most difficult and contentious issues in the disciplines that study language and social interaction. While, from a historical point of view, it is possible to situate ethnographic and conversation analytic ideas about context in the different intellectual traditions of anthropology and ethnomethodological sociology, the origin...

Context is one of the most difficult and contentious issues in the disciplines that study language and social interaction. While, from a historical point of view, it is possible to situate ethnographic and conversation analytic ideas about context in the different intellectual traditions of anthropology and ethnomethodological sociology, the origin...

Every day, millions of English as a Second/Foreign Language (ES/FL) and content teachers working in L1s all over the world give students oral instructions (which are themselves often restatements of written instructions contained in textbooks) concerning what learners are to do in the immediately following stretch of class activity. Despite the fam...

This chapter is divided into two main sections. In the first, entitled What is conversation analysis‐for‐second language acquisition (CA‐for‐SLA), we begin by defining what CA‐for‐SLA is and then consider a possible objection to the notion of CA‐for‐SLA. We then situate CA as the most important offshoot of ethnomethodology (EM) and review its contr...

Replication is often treated as a dirty word in qualitative applied linguistics research because, among other issues, it is argued that replicating context in work that is grounded in naturalistic data is an impossible task. In this paper, I want to argue that: 1) this argument raises the issue of what kind of context we are talking about in qualit...

The Silences of the Archives, the Reknown of the Story. The Martin Guerre affair has been told many times since Jean de Coras and Guillaume Lesueur published their stories in 1561. It is in many ways a perfect intrigue with uncanny resemblance, persuasive deception and a surprizing end when the two Martin stood face to face, memory to memory, befor...

The present paper focuses on instances of “my side” tellings (Pomerantz, 1980) produced by two teachers in oral exams of Italian as a foreign language. This is an unusual practice in institutional interactional events that aim to gain ratable speech samples through question-answer sequences (Kasper & Ross, 2007). The data were collected in an Itali...

In the present paper we provide a preliminary behavioral, ethnomethodological respecification of the psychological construct of noticing (Schmidt, 2010) as a complex of situated interactional noticings (Schegloff, 2007, p. 87) that include the use of talk-in-interaction, various embodied actions, and the production of cultural artifacts. In classic...

In this study, we analyze the interactional work of five advanced learners of Italian as a foreign language in and out of class to demonstrate: (i) the value of using a longitudinal, process-oriented approach to studying language learning behavior; (ii) the richness and complexity of the data that can potentially be gathered following such an appro...

The origins of the emic/etic distinction in linguistics are to be found in Pike (1967), who distinguished between phonemic and phonetic accounts of the sounds of language. Keywords: culture; discourse analysis; research methods in applied linguistics; emic; etic; qualitative; qualitative research methods

Since the beginning, second language acquisition (SLA) studies have been predominantly cognitive in their theoretical assumptions and programmatic agendas. This is still largely true today. In this paper, we set out our proposals for learning talk analysis (LTA). LTA synthesizes insights from linguistic philosophy, ethnomethodology, conversation an...

This paper is principally about methodology. It first summarizes five issues in the emerging research agenda of conversation analysis-for-second language acquisition (CA-for-SLA), and develops empirically based analyses of classroom talk that occurs over several days and months to illustrate how a longitudinal learning behavior tracking (LBT) metho...

Conversation analysis (CA) emerged as a form of microsociology in the 1960s at the same time that audio (and later, video) recording technologies became widely available to consumers. The development of these technologies made it relatively easy for analysts to record, transcribe, and analyze how members collaboratively coconstruct social order in...

This paper introduces and defines four language planning terms (status planning, corpus planning, policy planning, and language cultivation) into the ESP literature. This nomenclature describes and categorizes the different planning phases involved in communicative curriculum design, implementation and maintenance. The utility of these terms as des...

Conversational analysis (CA) is a methodology for analyzing a broad range of speech exchange systems, or spoken interaction. This chapter begins by briefly describing what ethnomethodologically oriented conversation analysis is and then considers the intellectual roots of CA. It then describes how CA researchers typically set about developing analy...

In Markee (2005), I investigated how off-task invitation talk that occurred during an English as a Second Language (ESL) class that was supposed to be discussing German reunification was achieved in the interactional context of what I have called elsewhere a zone of interactional transition, or ZIT (Markee 2004). ZITs may be understood as ‘talk tha...

This chapter develops a methodological critique of quantitative, experimental approaches to input and interaction in mainstream, cognitive SLA from the qualitative perspective of ethmomethodological conversation-analysis-for-second-language-acquisition (CA-for-SLA). The chapter illustrates the substantive and methodological insights that may be gai...

How do we know when second/foreign language (S/FL) learners are 'off task' during small group work? Teachers and learners probably know intuitively when this kind of event occurs.. However, there is no empirical work on how such talk is constructed. This.chapter uses conversation analysis (CA) to explicate the achievement of off task talk in terms...

This article uses conversation analysis (CA) to describe the structural properties of zones of interactional transition (ZITs) or talk that occurs at the boundaries of different classroom (and perhaps other institutionally oriented) speech exchange systems. Two types of ZIT are analyzed in detail. Counter question sequences (Markee, 1995) are inter...

This article reviews three main themes that come into focus in this special-topic issue on the emerging subfield of language-in-development studies: (a) basic definitional issues, (b) issues of the locus and scope of language in development, and (c) the role of English and other languages in language in development. The article proposes a working d...

This article situates the role that second language acquisition research can potentially play in promoting change in teachers' methodological beliefs and practices. Drawing on an area of sociological enquiry known as diffusion of innovations research, the article first reviews a theoretical framework for understanding change in language education,...

In this paper, I wish to argue that the use of electronic mail is not limited to setting up opportunities for ESL students to find pen-pals to practise their English, etc: it represents an important new resource for managing the implementation of educational innovations. I will therefore report on how, in my capacity as director of the ESL courses...

Focusing on a project in curricular innovation at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign (UIUC), this paper reviews in what sense a task-based approach to syllabus design constitutes an innovation. Then, the UIUC model of curricular innovation is outlined and is analyzed for the extent to which a complete, coherent process of innovation has...

INTRODUCTION The last two decades in applied linguistics—which roughly coincide with the evolution of the communicative approach in language teaching—have seen the development of a number of language teaching innovations, including the notional/ functional syllabus, the process syllabus, the Natural Approach, the procedural syllabus, and task-based...

The last two decades in applied linguistics—which roughly coincide with the evolution of the communicative approach in language teaching—have seen the development of a number of language teaching innovations, including the notional/functional syllabus, the process syllabus, the Natural Approach, the procedural syllabus, and task-based language teac...

This paper traces the historical development of strong and weak definitions of applied linguistics. Strong definitions of applied linguistics assume that the methods and insights of theoretical linguistics are directly applicable to resolving second language teaching problems. On the other hand, weak definitions do not limit themselves to the resol...

Prior to developing an appropriate technology model of communicative course design, key terms and important issues in the appropriate technology literature are identified and defined. The paper (a) provides a rationale for considering ESP in terms of appropriate technology, (b) surveys the philosophical and intellectual underpinnings of the appropr...

It is essential for syllabus designers and materials writers working in Third World countries to appreciate the importance of sociopolitical factors to course design. Materials design projects in certain Third World countries should be seen as educational-language-policy solutions to educational-language-policy problems. More specifically, the task...

This paper reviews some of the recent Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) literature in an attempt to provide a firm theoretical base for the development of communicative approaches to language teaching in ESP contexts. The theoretical implications of SLA studies (in particular Krashen's Input Hypothesis) are d...

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 1988. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 201-223).