Nor Hazlyna Harun

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Senior Lecturer at Northern University of Malaysia

recent years, the rapid growth of Web Services (WSs) has led to a proliferation of functionally similar options, making Quality of Service (QoS) a crucial factor for users in selecting the most suitable services. Predicting QoS values and recommending optimal services remain challenging, particularly in dynamic environments. This study systematical...

Diagnosing diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on features that appear on fundus images is currently conducted through an eye exam by an ophthalmologist. Tracking DR progression manually is time-consuming and keen for a high-skill person. As the technology offered in industrial revolution (IR) 4.0, namely artificial intelligence, is shown to help in th...

TikTok is a popular social networking application that offers trend research and is a valuable source for users. However, this is often misconstrued for content, which may not be suitable for children due to misappropriate content. This study aims to improve user perception of TikTok by using topic modelling and clustering techniques to identify tr...

Examining retinal fundus images is compulsory for ophthalmologists to spot features of eye diseases. Some problems, including low contrast and blurred retinal fundus image, may seriously affect the diagnostic procedure, leading to misdiagnosis. Low quality of retinal fundus image makes recognition of features for Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) to be har...

Mathematics is often considered a boring and challenging subject, which makes it difficult for educators to attract marginalized children to learn and embrace it. Therefore, this article discusses the development and evaluation of a mobile game application called Math-Hero, designed to enhance marginalized children's mathematical skills through an...

Multimodal sentiment analysis (MSA) is one of the core research topics of natural language processing (NLP). MSA has become a challenge for scholars and is equally complicated for an appliance to comprehend. One study that supports MSdifficulties is the MSA, which is learning opinions, emotions, and attitudes in an audio-visual format. In order wor...

Water quality monitoring plays a significant part in the transition towards intelligent and smart agriculture and provides an easy transition to automated monitoring of crucial components of human daily needs as new technologies are continuously developed and adopted in agricultural and human daily life (water). For the monitoring and management of...

Water pollution has become one of the important issues in Malaysia which occurs frequently especially in the rivers of Selangor. One of the indicators of pollution is the pH of the water. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to design a LoRa-Cloud-based water pollution sensor hub to monitor the real-time water quality. Sensor devices for pH (SE...

Point and non -point sources Surface water pollution causes damaging effects to the environment, aquatic life and human health. Thirty existing water monitoring stations use Industrial Revolution (IR) 3.0 technology with limited access to the public. A multi-sensory hub with Internet-of-Things (IoT) functionality can be developed to monitor river h...

This article provides a comparative study of strategies for identifying diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the fundus feature enhancement. Medical images suffer from non-uniform lighting, low contrast and noise. A comparative study and efficiency assessment of different optimization strategies can help to choose the most effective technique which can sig...

Enhancement of images plays significant role in certain aspects of scientific research. One of the main task is analyzing the abnormal features in retinal fundus image for detection of diabetic retinopathy. However, there are many techniques that have been developed and there is no proof to which technique is the most suitable for retinal fundus im...

The development and rapid popularization of the internet has led to an exponential growth of data in the network, thus, the text mining becomes more important. Users search for the information from the immense information available online. The ways to obtain valuable information, and to classify, organize and manage vast text data automatically mak...

Surface water is extremely susceptible to pollution stemming from human activities, such as the expansion of urban and suburban areas, industries, cities, and agriculture. In fact, sources of surface water have become the most common discharge sites for wastewater, which may contain microorganisms, pharmaceutical waste, heavy metals, and harmful po...

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of diabetes complications that affects our eyes. Hard Exudate (HE) are known to be the early signs of DR that potentially lead to blindness. Detection of DR automatically is a complicated job since the size of HE is very small. Besides, our community nowadays lack awareness on diabetic where they do not know that di...

Heart disease refers to any unavoidable condition that affects a person's heart. With so much electronic health data available nowadays, computer machines have entered the area to aid in diagnosis using machine learning (ML) methodologies. This study focuses on classification of heart disease that includes or does not include heart attacks and empl...

The threatening Coronavirus which was assigned as the global pandemic concussed not only the public health but society, economy and every walks of life. Some measurements are taken to stifle the spread and one of the best ways is to carry out some precautions to prevent the contagion of SARS-CoV-2 virus to uninfected populaces. Injecting prevention...

A plasmonic tracker had been developed for a plasmonic energy detection. It serves to determine resonance angle and refractive index of a dielectric material. A microstepping is required for scanning the reflected beam at a high resolution. Therefore, a precise control is crucial to align the photodiode parallel to the reflected laser beam at small...

Image enhancement is the process of refining a given image, so that the desired image features become easier to be perceived by the human visual system. Ancient manuscripts from hundreds to thousands of years often are often non-comprehendible condition. Several factors include the age of the manuscript, environmental influence, and ink quality. Th...

Diabetic Retinopathy remains one of the most feared diabetes complications that could lead to blindness. Image processing techniques have been widely used all around the world for early detection of diabetic retinopathy. However, most techniques used do not focus on the low visual quality problems in the fundus image. Low visual quality of fundus i...

Fish disease is considered the main cause for production and economic losses by fish farmers. Fish disease detection and health monitoring is a demanding task by manual method of human visualization. Therefore, any potential approach that is fast, reliable and possesses high automation supports an interest in this issue. Nowadays, with the current...

The novel coronavirus (nCoV-19) was first detected in December 2019. It had spread worldwide and was declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic by March 2020. Patients presented with a wide range of symptoms affecting multiple organ systems predominantly the lungs. Severe cases required intensive care unit (ICU) admissions while there were as...

Social media is known as detectors platform that are used to measure the activities of the users in the real world. However, the huge and unfiltered feed of messages posted on social media trigger social warnings, particularly when these messages contain hate speech towards specific individual or community. The negative effect of these messages on...

The rapid development of telemedicine services and the requirements for exchanging medical information between physicians, consultants, and health institutions have made the protection of patients’ information an important priority for any future e-health system. The protection of medical information, including the cover (i.e. medical image), has a...

An audio signal is an analogue signal representation in one-dimensional function x(t) with t the continual variable depicting time. Such signals, generated from diverse sources, can be discerned as music, speech, noise or any combination. For machines to understand, these audio signals must be represented such as the extraction of its features whic...

leukaemia is a disease which develops in the bone marrow, causing a large formation of abnormal cells and usually affected adults. The process of inspecting visually on the microscopic images is time consuming and a tiring process. The developed technique is aimed at assisting the haematologists upon identifying the presence of nucleus in blood cel...

This study presents characterization of cracking in pavement distress using image processing techniques and k-nearest neighbour (kNN) classifier. The proposed semi-automated detection system for characterization on pavement distress anticipated to minimize the human supervision from traditional surveys and reduces cost of maintenance of pavement di...

There have been inconsistent findings in the literature concerning the relationships between benchmarking and sustainable performance. Hence this research has prompted further investigation on the effect of other variables that may better explain the nature of these links. In the related literatures, many theories have suggested that the compatibil...

The images is collected by capturing the Arab food items ( breakfast meal ). Typical smartphone camera was used, and the camera has an 8-megapixel. No special arrangement for lighting is required more than the normal lighting in any indoor.The food is arranged on a round plate. The background includes a reference object. This study chooses breakfas...

Segmentation is the major area of interest in the field of image processing stage. In an automatic diagnosis of acute leukemia disease, the crucial process is to achieve the accurate segmentation of acute leukemia blood image. Generally, there are three requirements of image segmentation for medical purposes, namely; accuracy, robustness and effect...

Image segmentation technique was widely used in pattern recognition to estimate calories. However, the process of segmentation multi-food images is more difficult. In this paper, segmentation of color food images for segmenting food images is proposed. The segmentation technique segments food image into two regions: foreground and background. In ad...

MATLAB App Designer is a feature that allows MATLAB code to be packaged into an interactive software.The software can be shared on any computer without the trouble of having to install MATLAB or even knowing programming knowledge to be able to operate the software.This books provides hands on approach to guide learners in developing the software fr...

Leukemia is a type of cancer that can lead to death. The main problem with the leukemia diagnosis lies in the human error in reading the data analysis and the shortage of hematologists available, to perform the data analysis. Creating a computer-aided diagnosis system is one of the solutions where it can automatically interpret the data so that fas...

Orientation map is an image representation method representing edges of objects in an image as a set of short line segments instead of pixels representation. The orientation map approach not only aims to extract the key orientation information which constitutes the semantic framework of the visual scene, but also to remove the insignificant element...

Image based food identification is an emerging research topic for much industrial application. It refers to the capability of identifying various food items based on the visual information. Unfortunately, food items classification is highly sensitive to the accuracy of the image segmentation which is not always satisfying due to many factors. In th...

Image segmentation of food items is the most important stage in developing automated calorie estimation system. This stage refers to a process that classifies images into distinct regions with the aim to extract only the food image from the background. Currently, there are several segmentation methods which have been used in object identification....

Acute leukemia is one of the critical disease that requires immediate treatment due to the rapid progression and accumulation of the cancerous cells. In recent years, image processing techniques had been explored to enhance the diagnosis of acute leukemia. However, microscopic image captured from the light microscope usually has poor quality due to...

Leukemia is a blood cancer disease that contributes to the increment of mortality rate in Malaysia each year. Acute leukemia can be divided into two types which are acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The production and development of acute leukemia cells happen rapidly and uncontrollable. Identification of techni...

Conventional diagnosis of acute leukemia is based on examining the morphology of the blood and bone marrow smear under the microscope and the process can be tedious, time intensive and highly skilled resources dependent. Over recent years, features fusion techniques base on statistical and morphological features had been explored in computer vision...

Using technology for food objects recognition and estimation of its calories is very useful to spread food culture and awareness among people in the age of obesity due to the bad habits of food consumption and wide range of inappropriate food products. Image based sensing of such system is very promising with the large expanding of camera embedded...

Leukaemia is a blood cancer disease that contributes to the increment of mortality rate in Malaysia each year. There are two main categories for leukaemia, which are acute and chronic leukaemia. The production and development of acute leukaemia cells occurs rapidly and uncontrollable. Therefore, if the identification of acute leukaemia cells could...

Leukaemia is a blood cancer disease that contributes to the increment of mortality rate in Malaysia each year. There are two main categories for leukaemia, which are acute and chronic leukaemia. The production and development of acute leukaemia cells occurs rapidly and uncontrollable. Therefore, if the identification of acute leukaemia cells could...

Generally, image processing technique involved five basic components which are image acquisition, image pre-processing, image segmentation, post-processing and image analysis. The most critical step in analysis of image and image processing is segmentation of the object of interest in an image. Basically, segmentation of the image divides the whole...

The k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) is a traditional method and one of the simplest methods for classification problems. Even so, results obtained through k-NN had been promising in many different fields. Therefore, this paper presents the study on blasts classifying in acute leukemia into two major forms which are acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and ac...

This paper represents an approach of image segmentation on microscopic bone marrow images by using multilevel tresholding technique. This technique has been applied into two types of images which is normal bone marrow and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Generally, image processing technique involved five basic components which are image acquisi...

This paper presents a study on classification of blasts in acute leukemia blood samples using artificial neural network. In acute leukemia there are two major forms that are acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Six morphological features have been extracted from acute leukemia blood images and used as neural networ...

Image segmentation is an important process for most medical image analysis tasks. One of the familiar segmentation technique is using clustering algorithm. At present, clustering algorithm has been used in many fields including machine learning, data mining, pattern recognition, image processing, and bioinformatics. These methods partition or group...

Image segmentation is the most important step and critical task in image processing as it will directly affect the post-processing. One of the common segmentation techniques is using clustering algorithm. Clustering technique is commonly used as a digital image segmentation including medical images. The current study proposes an automated color ima...

Image segmentation is an essential step in image analysis and is a requirement for feature extraction. One of the common segmentation techniques is using clustering algorithms. Currently, clustering algorithm has been used widely and popular in many fields such as in pattern recognition, image processing, and signal processing. These methods partit...

Contrast enhancement and image segmentation play an important process in most medical image analysis tasks. One of the main tasks is the analyzing of white blood cells (WBC) where the WBC composition reveals important diagnostic information of a patient. This paper presents a two phase methodology in order to obtain a fully segmented abnormal white...

Image enhancement plays an important role in computer vision and image processing. In this paper, image enhancement was used to eliminate the background noise and improve the image quality for the purpose of determining the focal areas such as nucleus, Auer rode and nucleoli in acute leukaemia images. In this paper, the use of three contrast enhanc...

Ziehl-Neelsen staining method is commonly used for diagnosis of tuberculosis patients. Sputum or tissues samples are stained using this method before microscopic examination. However, manual screening is time consuming and tedious process. Therefore, an automated image processing and analysis system for improving the manual screening of samples is...

Leukaemia is a malignant disease (cancer) that affects people in any age either they are children or adults over 50 years old. Nowadays, there are screening system guidelines for leukaemia patients. The screening result from looking at a sample of patient blood, can determine the abnormal levels of white blood cells, which may suggest leukaemia for...