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Introduction
"El propósito de la antropología es hacer el mundo seguro para las diferencias humanas" / "The purpose of anthropology is to make the world safe for human differences" (Ruth Benedict)
Current institution
Additional affiliations
May 2021 - present
Position
- Professor (Assistant)
Description
- Assistant Professor in the Physical Anthropology Unit - Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution
January 2019 - May 2021
Position
- Professor (Assistant)
Description
- Human Nutrition and Dietetics Degree (responsible for the 'New Food Cultures' subject and tutor of final degree projects)
September 2012 - September 2019
Education
October 2011 - September 2017
September 2009 - January 2011
Field of study
- Physical Anthropology: Human Evolution and Biodiversity
September 2002 - September 2008
Publications
Publications (83)
Community Health Workers (CHWs) play an important role in the detection and referral of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in many countries. However, distance to health facilities remains a significant obstacle for caregivers to attend treatment services, resulting in SAM treatment coverage rates below 40% in most areas of intervention....
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) affects over 16.6 million children worldwide. The integrated Community Case Management (iCCM) strategy seeks to improve essential health by means of nonmedical community health workers (CHWs) who treat the deadliest infectious diseases in remote rural areas where there is no nearby health center. The objective of thi...
El desempleo y el empleo precario son uno de los mayores determinantes de pobreza en España y se han visto agravados con la crisis económica sufrida durante la última década. La falta de recursos amenaza la seguridad alimentaria de las familias que se ven obligadas a adoptar estrategias de compra que conducen a la reducción del consumo de alimentos...
Background: Guatemala is the Latin American country with the highest prevalence of childhood stunting. Short height can bias the diagnosis of wasting when using the weight-for-height indicator. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic concordance of the anthropometric indicators of wasting and the relationship between wasting and stunti...
Background
Outpatient treatment of acute malnutrition is usually centralized in health centers and separated into different programs according to case severity. This complicates case detection, care delivery, and supply chain management, making it difficult for families to access treatment. This study assessed the impact of treating severe and mode...
Introduction
Certain behavioral traits increase the risk of obesity at early ages. Exploring patterns of eating behavior in schoolchildren using tools like the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) is crucial for obesity prevention and intervention. Before this study, the CEBQ had been validated in various languages, including Spanish, bu...
This article explores the integration of community‐based learning into microbiology education, using as an example the Service‐Learning (S‐L) programme ‘Movies in company for preventing diseases’ implemented at the Complutense University of Madrid. The programme exemplifies how academic knowledge can be effectively applied to address societal issue...
Background
Acute malnutrition treatment coverage remains low worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Decentralisation of treatment to Community Health Worker (CHW) sites has shown to be an effective strategy to improve access and increase coverage, but evidence on the cost and cost-effectiveness of this approach as well the use of s...
Los enfoques y desarrollos actuales en torno al concepto y en las políticas de gestión de la sostenibilidad se han sustentado, en su mayor medida, en principios generales y modelos derivados de la teoría económica, más que en los marcos teóricos y conceptuales de la biología, ecología y la teoría evolutiva. Para comprobar esta situación y tendencia...
Background/Objectives: Child acute malnutrition is a global public health problem, affecting 45 million children under 5 years of age. The World Health Organization recommends monitoring weight gain weekly as an indicator of the correct treatment. However, simplified protocols that do not record the weight and base diagnosis and follow-up in arm ci...
En España, el hambre se asocia directamente con inseguridad alimentaria, ya que entorno a un 4% de la población española no puede hacer frente a sus necesidades alimentarias por sus propios medios según las últimas estadísticas de la FAO. El riesgo de sufrir inseguridad alimentaria cada año sigue aumentando en España, ya el número de hogares que ex...
Background:
Enabling community health workers (CHWs) to treat acute malnutrition improves treatment access and coverage. However, data on the cost and cost-effectiveness of this approach is limited. We aimed to cost the treatment at scale and determine the cost-effectiveness of different levels of supervision and technical support.
Methods:
This...
Introduction
Of the 45.4 million children under five affected by acute malnutrition in the world, the majority (31.8 million) are affected by moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). Its treatment is particularly complex in emergency settings such as the Diffa region in Niger. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and coverage of a simplified tre...
Background
Niger, relevant in light of current political coup, is one of the countries with the worst human development indicators, characterized by high fertility rates and extremely high infant mortality rates. Food insecurity in the region is alarming, leading to high malnutrition rates in children. This study aimed to evaluate an integral preve...
Several precedents support an association between single nucleotide genetic polymorphisms (SNPs), the obese phenotype, and eating behavior in the infant-juvenile population. This study aims to study this aspect in depth, analyzing the eating behavior of a sample of schoolchildren from Madrid in regard to their genetic predisposition to obesity. A t...
Introduction:
eating behaviors may modulate or influence diet quality and the degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet in children and adolescents.
Aims:
to investigate the association between diet quality and eating behavior in a group of Spanish schoolchildren.
Methods:
descriptive cross-sectional study of 283 Spain schoolchildren aged...
Evidence on the cost of acute malnutrition treatment, particularly with regards to simplified approaches, is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the cost of acute malnutrition treatment and how it is influenced by treatment protocol and programme size. We conducted a costing study in Kabléwa and N’Guigmi, Diffa region, where child...
El Salvador has no nationally representative growth reference to evaluate growth of children and adolescents by age and sex. The objective of the present study was to characterize physical growth of children and adolescent in the Salvadoran school population of the Bajo Lempa region and to compare with WHO and Dominican Republic growth references....
Introducción: las conductas alimentarias pueden modular o influir en la calidad de dieta, y esta a su vez en la condición nutricional de niños y adolescentes. Objetivos: investigar la asociación de la calidad de dieta con la condición nutricional evaluada por distintos índices an-tropométricos, y con comportamientos alimentarios pro y an-tiingesta....
Objective
To assess the prevalent consumption trend between 2001 and 2017 and the healthy lifestyles associated with consuming a plant-based diet in the Spanish population.
Methodology
A representative Spanish sample was analysed (>15 years old) from the Spanish National Health Survey for years 2001 (n = 8568), 2006 (n = 25,649), 2011 (n = 19,027)...
Objective:
To assess the prevalent consumption trend between 2001 and 2017 and the healthy lifestyles associated with consuming a plant-based diet in the Spanish population.
Methodology:
A representative Spanish sample was analysed (>15 years old) from the Spanish National Health Survey for years 2001 (n=8568), 2006 (n=25,649), 2011 (n=19,027) a...
Introduction:
Excess weight is a public health problem associated with a greater burden of chronic diseases and increased use of health resources.
Material and methods:
A subsample of Spanish adults aged 18-45 from the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey (N=7081) was used. The odds ratios of service utilisation of the group with BMI≥30kg/m2 were...
Resultados de la investigación que analiza el impacto que tiene la mejora de la salud y los hábitos de vida saludables en la empleabilidad de las personas en situación de vulnerabilidad a través de un nuevo modelo de acompañamiento integral en la inserción sociolaboral: Vives Emplea Saludable. Proyecto financiado por el Fondo Social Europeo, Minist...
Background:
the aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and coverage of a simplified protocol that is implemented in health centers (HCs) and health posts (HPs) for children who are suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in the humanitarian context of Diffa.
Methods:
We conducted a non-randomized community-controlled trial. Th...
Commercial aviation pilots are an occupational group that work in particular conditions, with frequent schedule changes, shift work, unfavorable environmental conditions, etc. These circumstances can lead to fatigue, work overload (WO), and daytime sleepiness, factors that can affect their health and safety. This study aimed to assess the prevalenc...
IntroductionCommon or non-syndromic obesity is a complex polygenic trait conditioned by biallelic or single-base polymorphisms called SNPs (Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms) that present an additive effect and act synergistically. Most genotype-obese phenotype association studies include body mass index (BMI) or waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), and ver...
Objectives:
The Middle Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) bracelet is a widely used instrument in public health assessments and humanitarian assistance projects. The WHO guidelines present a universal cut-off point of 115 mm to determine whether a child has severe acute malnutrition. The objective of this study is to analyze the existing differences i...
Resumen
Introducción
La obesidad común o no sindrómica es un rasgo poligénico complejo condicionado por polimorfismos bialélicos o de un sola base denominados single nucleotide polimorphisms (SNP) que presentan un efecto aditivo y que actúan sinérgicamente. La mayor parte de los estudios de asociación genotipo-fenotipo obeso incluyen índice de mas...
Background
In 2015, the Ministry of Health in Mali included the treatment of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) into the package of activities of the integrated Community Case Management (iCCM). This paper aims to analyze the impact of including community health workers (CHWs) as treatment providers outside the Health Facilities (HFs) on the coverage...
Background and aimsDigital deformity in flexion, varismus (external rotation), and adduction with the toe in both supraduction and infraduction are called clinocampodactyly or curly toe. All adult patients with symptoms and a diagnosis of semirigid/rigid curly toes underwent radiological examination to verify the presence of a trapezoidal phalanx....
Introduction
Excess weight is a public health problem associated with a greater burden of chronic diseases and increased use of health resources.
Material and methods
A subsample of Spanish adults aged 18–45 from the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey (N = 7081) was used. The odds ratios of service utilisation of the group with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² wer...
Cardiovascular accidents are the most disabling event for pilots, causing complicated situations during flight and the withdrawal of license. The study aims to assess the modifiable risk factors and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) associated with anthropometric, physiometabolic and lifestyle profiles in a sample of Spanish aviation pilots. Da...
Objectives
International growth charts have been used in the past decades to identify atypical growth and diagnose the nutritional status of individuals. The aim of this study was to construct and compare growth patterns of normo-nourished children between 6–59 months from Afghanistan, Haiti, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to assess if i...
Geographical and economic access barriers to health facilities (HF) have been identified as some of the most important causes of the low coverage of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) treatment. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness and coverage of SAM treatment delivered by community health workers (CHWs) in the Guidimakha region...
The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness and impact on treatment coverage of integrating severe acute malnutrition (SAM) treatment at the health hut level by community health workers (CHWs). This study was a non-randomized controlled trial, including two rural communes in the health district of Mayahi: Maïreyreye (control) and Guidan Amo...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychological distress of Spanish airline pilots, a group of professionals undergoing an unprecedented work situation as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. To do so, we administered the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). A total of 342 questionnaires were obtained, with the largest respondent age gro...
In 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted in six communities of Tecoluca, Bajo Lempa (El Salvador). Weight, height, sitting-height, skinfolds thickness and head, arm, and waist circumferences were measured in a sample of 334 schoolchildren. Nutritional status, body composition, and Extended Composite Index for Anthropometric Failure (ECIAF) we...
Service-Learning is an educational methodology that allows student learning while addressing community needs. A program in microbiology and infectious diseases was implemented in Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain. University lecturers, clinical microbiologists, doctorate students, and undergraduates from several Bachelor Degrees and courses...
(1) Background: The Ministry of Health in Mali included the treatment of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) into the package of activities of the integrated community case management (iCCM). This paper evaluates the most effective model of supervision for treating SAM using community health workers (CHWs). Methods (2): This study was a prospective non...
Introducción: La desnutrición crónica es un problema de salud pública que afecta a 155 millones de menores de 5 años en el mundo. Un niño desnutrido es más susceptible a infec-ciones como las parasitarias intestinales causadas por hel-mintos y protozoos. Estas enfermedades dañan el estado de salud, contribuyendo al círculo vicioso entre desnutrició...
Introduction: Waist circumference (WC) constitutes an indirect measurement of central obesity in children and adolescents. Objective: To provide percentiles of WC for Hispanic-American children and adolescents, and compare them with other international references. Materials and methods: The sample comprised 13 289 healthy children
between 6 and 18...
En la región salvadoreña del Bajo Lempa se han desarrollado los proyectos de cooperación al desarrollo sostenible de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ref. 19/17, 18/11), en el que se analiza el nivel de calidad de vida de la zona mediante la condición nutricional de la población escolar y el nivel de seguridad alimentaria. Se evaluó la percepc...
Objective: To examine the efficiency of anthropometric indicators of abdominal obesity in order to identify physio-metabolic disorders in Spanish adults. Method: We analyzed 3,122 women and 2,103 men attending diet consultation and registered their height, weight and umbilical perimeter. Body mass index (BMI), body round-ness (BRI), body shape (ABS...
El Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) es un método de enseñanza que persigue la adquisición por los alumnos de conocimientos y competencias propias de su titulación mediante la realización de un servicio a la comunidad. La Comisión de Sostenibilidad de la Conferencia de Rectores (CRUE) propone su institucionalización como estrategia docente dentro del marc...
Objectives:
Around the aim of gaining knowledge on the secular trends in nutritional status of the Spanish population, we found a collection of historical records compiled by La Institución Libre de Enseñanza and their alumni association along 47 years. These data had been collected from boys and girls attending summer camps, with a policy of impr...
What we know: Integrated community case management (iCCM) is a strategy that capacitates community health workers (CHWs) to treat illness in children. Integrating severe acute malnutrition (SAM) treatment should strengthen continuum of care between health and nutrition.
What this article adds: Action Against Hunger is examining a treatment model t...
El tratamiento de la malnutrición aguda severa infantil ha experimentado grandes cambios en las últimas décadas pasando de realizarse exclusivamente en hospitales al actual manejo comunitario en centros y puestos de salud cada vez más próximos a las familias. Esta transición ha llevado aparejado un debate sobre qué criterios antropométricos deben s...
Introducción: Los tarahumaras son un pueblo nativo de la Sierra Madre Occidental, en el estado de Chihuahua y uno de los más pobres de México. La Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos indígenas, mantiene un programa de alimentación en los Albergues Escolares destinado a paliar la desnutrición infantil.
Objetivo: analizar la adecuación...
Introduction:
the Museo Pedagógico Nacional (MPN) organized summer camps for the poorest schoolchildren of both sexes (1887-1926). The Former Students of the Institución Libre de Enseñanza (CAAILE) also organized theirs (1894-1936). Numerous anthropometric variables were taken at the beginning and the end of Camps.
Objectives:
compare the nutrit...
INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVO: España y México registran prevalencias de sobrepeso y obesidad infantil entre el 24-29%. En su desarrollo intervienen la herencia poligénica, los factores perinatales y otros ambientales, entre los que se encuentran todos los comportamientos que conducen al desequilibrio calórico al ingerir más energía de la que se gasta. E...
Objective:
To analyze the effect of the type of malnutrition, sex, age and the presence of edema upon all-cause mortality in children under 5 years of age.
Material and methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2010 and 2011 in Swaziland. Sex, age, weight and height were taken to classify nutritional status according to the 2006 WHO...
To analyze the effect of the type of malnutrition, sex, age and the presence of edema upon all-cause mortality in children under 5 years of age.
Introduction: Previous evidences reported sex differences in nutritional status between boys and girls of the
same community, living under identical conditions of food deprivation. The aim of the present study is to analyze the sexual differences in the prevalence of severe malnutrition in children under 5 years of age, who were subjected to food c...
Background and objectives: Hand grip dynamometry is a functional test recommended in the nutritional assessment. Usually it is expressed in terms of age but during growth even at the same age, body size varies. The aim of this study is to provide references of hand strength depending on the height. Subjects and method: The sample consists of 1,798...
Objective: The Tarahumara ethnic group is composed of indigenous people from the Sierra Madre Occidental of México. Conditions of isolation and poverty compel them to migrate to the city in search of better opportunities. This work aims to explore the influence of migration on the growth and nutritional status of Tarahumara schoolchildren.
Methods...
Physical fitness is very important for health, but is also essential to adjust the training load and adapt it to the age of individuals. The Physical Education teachers can assess the fitness of their students, from seven tests that are part of the curricular contents of that subject. The aim of the present work was to determine the physical aptitu...
Como se ha mostrado en una reciente revisión, los estudios nacionales sobre sobrepeso y obesidad infantil en España, aunque arrojan cifras dispares, muestran que la sobrecarga ponderal ha sufrido un incremento secular y que afecta aproximadamente a la cuarta parte de los niños y niñas en edad escolar. Tal situación puede conducir al desarrollo de a...
Informe de los resultados obtenidos con el Proyecto A3: actividad física, alimentación y antropometría en escolares. Un proyecto de investigación dentro del aula.
Background: The Argentinean population is characterized by ethnic, cultural and socio-economic diversity. Aim: To calculate the percentiles of weight-for-age (W/A) and height-for-age (H/A) of schoolchildren from Argentina employing the LMS method; and to compare the obtained percentiles with those of the international and national references. Subje...
Introduction: The assessment of the skinfold thickness is an objective measure of adiposity. Therefore, it is a useful tool for nutritional diagnosis and prevention of metabolic risk associated with excess fat in chilhood and adolescence.
Objective: To provide percentiles of subscapular and triceps skinfolds for Hispanic American schoolchildren and...
Introducción: La nutrición en las primeras etapas del ciclo vital humano podría ejercer un efecto programador en la fisiología y el metabolismo del individuo condicionando su estado de salud en el futuro.
Objetivo: Describir los patrones de lactancia y el estado nutricional actual de una muestra de 217 niños/as analizando la posible relación entre...
INTRODUCCIÓN: El grupo indígena Tarahumara es el más numeroso en el Estado de Chihuahua y es una de las etnias más deprimidas económicamente del país, razón por la cual, tienden a abandonar la sierra para asentarse en la ciudad modificando sus hábitos de vida. OBJETIVO: comparar el estado nutricional de escolares Tarahumaras rurales y urbanos a tra...
RESUMEN: El estilo de vida es diferente en el medio urbano que en el entorno rural. Se dispone de escasa información sobre el cambio en los hábitos de alimentación y actividad física que experimentan los escolares Tarahumaras al migrar a la ciudad.
OBJETIVO: Comparar la dieta habitual, la actividad física y el estado de nutrición de escolares mesti...
Background:
Various anthropometric parameters have been proposed for defining overweight in adolescence, but few studies have evaluated their diagnostic accuracy in comparative terms, using samples from different regions.
Aim:
To compare the performance of anthropometric parameters in determining the excess of adiposity in Argentinian and Spanis...
Español: Se analiza la calidad de las medidas antropométricas efectuadas por 199 antropometristas que actuaron en 17 encuestas nutricionales de Acción Contra el Hambre efectuadas en Afganistán, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Mali, República de Myanmar y Filipinas. Para las tres dimen-siones analizadas: peso, talla y perímetro del brazo (MUAC) el error técnic...
The objective is to analyze the association between the degree of compliance with Mediterranean Diet and blood pressure in 1078 Spanish schoolchildren (514 boys, 564 girls) aged 9 to 16 years. We measured weight (kg), height (cm), waist circumference (cm), skinfold thicknesses (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular and suprailiac) and blood pressure....
Introducción: En epidemiología es frecuente recabar el peso y talla mediante cuestionario, pero la inexactitud de los datos auto-referidos puede sesgar el resultado de la evaluación. El objetivo es validar el auto-reporte en población adulta española enfatizando el efecto de la edad y la condición nutricional de los sujetos.
Material y métodos: La...
Objective: To analyse the association between waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and body fat and to develop predictive adiposity equations that will simplify the diagnosis of obesity in the paediatric age group.
Design: Cross-sectional study conducted in Spain during 2007 and 2008. Anthropometric dimensions were taken according to the International Bio...
Introducción y objetivos: El avance de la hipertensión en edad temprana puede atribuirse al incremento de la obesidad. El objetivo es analizar la repercusión del exceso ponderal, así como del grado y distribución de la adiposidad, sobre los niveles de presión arterial (PA) en población escolar española.
Métodos: Estudio transversal sobre 1511 esco...
Introduction and objectives:
The increase in the incidence of hypertension in children can be attributed to the rising prevalence of obesity. The objective is to analyze the impact of overweight and the degree or distribution of adiposity on blood pressure levels in a population of Spanish schoolchildren.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was car...
Introducción: En epidemiología es habitual utilizar datos auto-referidos de peso y talla para calcular el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) y estimar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad. Este procedimiento es sencillo y económico aunque su validez es discutible.
Objetivo: Analizar la diferencia entre el IMC auto referido y el calculado por antropo...
Se analizan algunos aspectos de la transición nutricional en población del Noroeste de Argentina a través del análisis de la dieta. Material y métodos: La muestra se compone de 515 personas, entre 18 y 45 años, de ambos sexos y autóctonas de las provincias de Jujuy y Catamarca (Argentina). El análisis de la dieta se llevó a cabo mediante un recorda...
Los procesos migratorios se asocian a modificaciones en los hábitos alimentarios que in-fluyen en el estado nutricional de los individuos. Estos cambios pueden tener diferentes consecuencias en función de las circunstancias y los condicionantes socioculturales sobretodo en el caso de niños y adolescentes que aún no han concluido su etapa de crecimi...
Objetivo: Explorar la sensibilidad y especificidad del índice cintura talla como identificador del sobrepeso y la obesidad en edad pediátrica.
Material y Métodos: se analizaron 2319 escolares de ambos sexos (1158 varones y 1161 mujeres) en edades comprendidas entre los 6 y 14 años. Se tomaron la talla, el peso, el perímetro de la cintura y los pl...
Introducción: El índice cintura-talla (ICT) es fácil de medir, estable durante el crecimiento y está relacionado con marcadores cardiometabólicos en la infancia y adolescencia. Refleja los depósitos de grasa abdominal y es interesante conocer su relación con la adiposidad total y el porcentaje de grasa.
Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre el I...
