Nlandu Mamingi

University of the West Indies | UWI · Department of Economics

In environmental economics, monitoring and enforcement issues have attracted relatively little research effort. Moreover, the bulk of the literature on these issues has been of a theoretical nature. Few have empirically analysed the impact of monitoring and enforcement activities on the environmental performance of polluters. Moreover, all existing...

This paper investigates the factors motivating the large capital flows to a number of developing countries in recent years. We use monthly US capital flows to nine Latin American and nine Asian countries to analyze the behavior of bond and equity flows. Employing a panel data approach, we find that although global factors—the drop in US interest ra...

It is said that firms in developing countries do not have incentives to invest in pollution control because of weak implementation of environmental regulations. This argument assumes that the regulator is the only agent that can create incentives for pollution control, and ignores that capital markets, if properly informed, may provide the appropri...

Using Monte Carlo experiments, this paper documents the existence of Granger causality distortion in error correction models owing to aggregation over time. The distortion depends on the degree of cointegration, the data span, the sample size, and the type of aggregation.

By quantifying the extent to which economic growth is affected by changes in government spending, the government spending multiplier (GSM) derived in a given context emerges as one of the potential barometers of the effectiveness of fiscal policy, particularly in developing and emerging economies. This paper evaluates the magnitude and sign of the...

This paper delivers an up-to-date literature review dealing with aggregation over time of economic time series, e.g. the transformation of high-frequency data to low frequency data, with a focus on its benefits (the beauty) and its costs (the ugliness). While there are some benefits associated with aggregating data over time, the negative effects a...

This is a textbook designed for undergraduate and graduate students and is the result of the author's more than twenty years of involvement with econometrics as both teacher and researcher. It contains theory, problems and answers, many of which have already been tested extensively in classrooms and tutorials and then refined for the book. It inclu...

The University of the West Indies was commissioned by the United Nations Environment Programme and the Government of Barbados to undertake a Green Economy Scoping Study for Barbados in 2011. The study was intended to support and complement national initiatives towards achieving a green economy, through macroeconomic assessments and policy analysis...

This paper examines the monetary approach to the balance of payments in Barbados, a small open economy with a fixed exchange rate system. We use an error correction mechanism (ECM) approach which shows that the monetary approach applies to Barbados. Such an ECM approach has not been previously employed in other related studies. Our analysis has imp...

Recent years have witnessed a surge in economic, and to some extent, political integration of countries particularly at the regional level. The Caribbean countries have not been the exception to the rule as indicated by the existence of regional groups such as the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and the Organization of the Eastern Caribbean

This paper uses an error correction model to investigate empirically the effectiveness of central bank interest rate policy in influencing commercial banks' lending rate behaviour in Barbados and the Bahamas using quarterly data for the period January 1995-April 2007. For Barbados, the study finds that the reaction of commercial bank lending rates...

This paper critically reviews the role, challenges and opportunities of business enterprises in the context of sustainable development (SD) with some emphasis on the Caribbean. Using the literature, observations, and judgment, the paper reiterates the triple role of a typical or ideal business enterprise in SD: contributor to economic growth, contr...

The paper seeks to determine to what extent the progressive deterioration in the external current accounts in Barbados especially over the ten-year period of 2008 may be considered a monetary phenomenon, as argued by the advocates of the monetary approach to the balance of payments. A simple model that links the external current account to domestic...

The empirical literature on environmental performance or compliance has followed two strands: one based on the impact of formal regulation as a means of inducing better environmental performance, and the other centered on the role of informal regulation that mainly emphasizes the role of communities and capital markets. In this report, we analyze t...

Using an error correction model derived from a partial adjustment model, this paper empirically investigates the effectiveness of central bank's interest rate policy (minimum deposit rate) on commercial banks' lending rate behaviour in Barbados for the period 1980 to 2007. The study finds that the reaction of commercial banks' lending rate to chang...

The empirical literature on environmental performance or compliance has followed two strands: one based on the impact of formal regulation as a means of inducing better environmental performance, and another centered on the role of informal regulation which mainly emphasizes the role of communities and capital markets. The authors analyze the impac...

For almost 20 years, the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea has published on a monthly basis a list of enterprises which fail to comply with national environmental laws and regulations. In this paper, we examine the reaction of investors to the publication of these lists, and show that enterprises appearing on these lists have experie...

As pesticide traders are important sources of information about the health impacts of pesticides, a crucial understanding of their perception is necessary to guide further pesticide information dissemination efforts through this channel. To this end, a 2003 survey of 110 Bangladeshi pesticide traders was conducted with questions on the pesticides i...

The challenge for policymakers is to design a regulatory system that minimizes the additional labor (i.e., adjustment) costs to employers while protecting the socioeconomic welfare of workers in the labor market. By minimizing such labor costs, employers would be in a better position to hire more workers given other favorable economic conditions. T...

For almost 20 years, the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea has published on a monthly basis a list of enterprises that fail to comply with national environmental laws and regulations. In this paper, the authors examine the reaction of investors to the publication of these lists and show that enterprises appearing on these lists have...

Only a limited number of papers haveempirically examined the determinants of themonitoring and enforcement activities performedby the environmental regulator. Moreover, mostof these studies have taken place in thecontext of developed countries. In this paper,we empirically examine the determinants of theenforcement of pollution charges in China.Mor...

This study examines the trend in pesticide use in Brazil in the 1990s in the context of agroindustrialization and globalization (trade liberalization). It also seeks to document the environmental costs and human health hazard associated with pesticide use in Brazil. Results from time series data indicate that agricultural trade liberalization has l...

This research project focuses on the demand side of the labor market by examining the impact which labor market regulations have had on employment creation in the English-speaking Caribbean countries of Barbados, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. Although a recent IADB report on labor market reform in Latin America and the Caribbean indicates that t...

Little empirical research has been done on monitoring and enforcement issues in environmental economics, especially to analyze the impact of monitoring and enforcement on polluters'environmental performance. No studies have been done in developing economies. The authors explore the impact of inspections, and the potential impact of pollution charge...

Firms in developing countries are often said to have no incentives to invest in pollution control because they typically face weak monitoring and enforcement of environmental regulations. But the inability of formal institutions to control pollution through fines and penalties may not be as serious an impediment to pollution control as is generally...

This paper estimates saving and investment correlations for 58 developing countries in order to assess the degree of capital mobility in the Feldstein-Horioka sense for these countries. Using a new estimation technique, fully modified ordinary least squares, that simultaneously corrects for serial correlation, endogeneity, and sample bias (asymptot...

This paper reviews the literature dealing with the link of agricultural prices and macroeconomic policies to agricultural supply with particular emphasis on Sub‐Saharan Africa. Although the study echoes the stylized facts on price elasticities underlined in previous literature reviews, the paper points out that our understanding of the quantitative...

This paper reviews the literature dealing with the link of agricultural prices and macroeconomic policies to agricultural supply with particular emphasis on Sub-Saharan Africa. Although the study echoes the stylized facts on price elasticities underlined in previous literature reviews, the paper points out that our understanding of the quantitative...

The author studies the literature on how agricultural prices and macroeconomic policies affect agricultural supply and how that supply affects the environment. He addresses the question of how effective agricultural incentives are in boosting the agricultural supply, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The literature generalizes that farmers are ra...

Contrary to Hooker's finding (Economics Letters, 1993, 41, 359–362), Monte Carlo experiments reveal that Shiller and Perron's fundamental result (Economics Letters, 1985, 18, 381–386), according to which data span is more important than the number of observations in terms of the power of tests, carries over to the cointegration setting with the ADF...

The author estimates savings and investment correlations for 58 developing countries to assess the capital mobility (in the Feldstein-Horioka sense) in these countries. Using a new estimation technique (fully modified ordinary least squares) - which simultaneously corrects for serial correlation, endogeneity, and sample bias (asymptotically) - the...

Using a model selection framework, this exploratory paper attempts to answer the fundamental question of whether Barbados crime rate fluctuations are transitory or permanent. Although not clear-cut, Barbados crime rate series follows a trend-stationary process. It means that in Barbados an unexpected change in the crime rate should not substantiall...