N.K. Khamis

N.K. Khamis
National University of Malaysia | ukm · Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering

Manufacturing Engineering, Manufacturing System Engineering, Ergonomics

About

83
Publications
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333
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Publications

Publications (83)
Article
Full-text available
Occupational environmental stress significantly impacts employees' efficiency, well-being, and safety within the workplace. This study aimed to evaluate such stress in the metal workplace by scrutinizing environmental factors: temperature, relative humidity, noise, and illuminance. This study employed mixed data collection methods, combining both o...
Article
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Students can enhance their soft skills and learning experience through the use of group projects. However, evaluating group project performance has become very challenging. This paper presents the concept of group management in measuring individual performance in group projects in an academic setting. Individual performances in similar courses were...
Article
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The main purpose of this survey is to get industrial employers’ feedback on the reasons for their lack of involvement in National Dual Training System (NDTS) organized by the Department of Skills Development, Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia. Industrial employers’ involvement and support is very important in ensuring NDTS implementation success...
Article
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This paper discusses the roles of professional engineers (PEs) who are attached to the Institutions of Higher Learning (IHLs) and how their contributions are as important as their counterparts in the industry. This paper highlights the roles for PEs at IHLs based on a survey conducted at selected IHLs in Malaysia. Academician-professional engineers...
Article
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One of the major concerns of the Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC) is the need for an effective monitoring and evaluation of program outcome domains that can be associated with courses taught under the Mechanical Engineering program. However, an effective monitoring method that can determine the results of each program outcome using Bloom’s T...
Article
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Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) is a research university that continuously undergoes an audit and accreditation process for the management of its courses. The Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment (FKAB) is subjected to such processes, one of them is the auditing conducted by the Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC), which gives...
Article
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All engineering faculties in Malaysia are required to have at least three academics who have engineering competency for each program. Having an engineering competency means academics has obtained the compulsory endorsements from the Boards of Engineers, Malaysia, BEM. Upon approval, academics seeking such competency could carry the suffix Ir. to th...
Article
Bunion or Hallux Valgus is a bony bump at the joint connecting the foot with the big toe. Bunions cause pain and discomfort especially when wearing shoes. Choosing appropriate footwear is not a real solution because it is limited to selecting open-toed shoes to avoid pressure on this area. Commercial insoles are generally available in standard size...
Article
Aerosols are small particles suspended in the air that can facilitate the spread of viruses, particularly during dental procedures that produce aerosols. Despite the implementation of protective equipment, the possibility of infection remains. Hence, this study emphasizes the importance of characterizing the design of equipment that can contain the...
Article
The grain refinement by high-pressure torsion (HPT) process and high-temperature stability have been studied in a commercial non-heat-treated aluminium alloy, 5052. The HPT process was conducted on 10 mm disks of the alloys at room temperature with an applied pressure of 6 GPa for 5 and 10 turns with a rotation speed of 1 rpm. The HPT processing le...
Article
Assessing thermal comfort in vehicles poses unique challenges compared to buildings. The in-car environment is characterized by specific factors such as sunlight exposure, poor clothing insulation, non-uniform average radiant temperature, and limited time to establish comfort parameters. To address these challenges, this study aims to evaluate ther...
Article
A liquid desiccant cooling system is an alternative air-conditioning system with significant energy-saving potential. This system is commonly used in the industrial sector, such as in dehumidifiers. The key component of the liquid desiccant cooling system is its dehumidification performance. Therefore, a study on a liquid desiccant dehumidifier has...
Article
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This research investigates the influence of the shape of 3D printed metastructures on sound absorption performance, focusing on three distinct configurations inspired by nature: honeycomb, spiderweb, and gyroid. The objectives involve designing and producing sound-absorbing structures using the 3D printing Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) method. S...
Article
Since 2011, mental workload has been one of the top 10 causes of accidents in Malaysia, accounting for over a thousand fatalities yearly. Mental workload is defined as a comparable mediating variable to attention. The aim of this study is to identify the fundamental causes and influences that affect the difficulty of the road environment and vehicl...
Article
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Remanufacturing is one of the ways forward for product recovery initiatives and for maintaining sufficient production flow to satisfy customer demand by providing high-quality goods with a combination of new and return parts through a circular economy. Recently, manufacturers have been progressively incorporating remanufacturing processes, making t...
Chapter
This paper aims to review the ergonomics study related to the batik industry, especially in Malaysia. The cross-sectional study is carried out using a 10 years’ filter and keywords such as batik AND ergonomic AND Malaysia. The searches were carried out mainly on Google scholar website but also cross-referenced with searches from Scopus. There were...
Preprint
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Remanufacturing is a way for product recovery initiative and maintaining sufficient production flow to satisfy customer demand through circular economy. Recently, manufacturers have been progressively incorporating remanufacturing processes, making their supply chain vulnerable to disruptions. Among the disruptions that usually occur is the shortag...
Article
Rotating machinery utilizes fluid film bearings because of their good load carrying capacity and inherent damping properties. Fluid film bearings offer stiffness and damping parameters to ensure dynamic stability. The damping and stiffness characteristics of oil film significantly change the critical speed and unbalance response of the rotor. The d...
Article
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Heat stress normally known as a hidden cause of accidents in construction sectors. To ensure the productivity and health of workers in the construction site, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of temperature and relative humidity on the workers’ physiology under hot conditions. Hence, the aims of this paper are: (i) to investigate the knowledg...
Article
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Background: Occupational noise exposure is one of the environmental factors that pose safety and health risks among workers in factories. This systematic review focuses on the activities that cause noise hazards toward workers’ heart rate, other physiological conditions, and strategies to prevent noise exposure in the manufacturing industry. Metho...
Article
Nowadays, detection of driver’s fatigue is a major concern in vehicle design, road safety and transportation research. Driving tasks requires full attention from the drivers while operating the vehicle. Occasionally, drivers are exposed to perform other activities such as talking to a passenger and using an in-vehicle technology or phone which is k...
Article
Introduction: In cycling activity, having a good proper posture can reflect good performance and comfort of the cyclist. Incorrect posture will lead to future health problems such as back pain. On some occasions, the muscle activity of the cyclist also can be affected due to improper posture, non-ergonomic posture. Design and load can be major fact...
Article
Introduction: Up till today, road accidents have shown increment of cases from year to year. This situation raises concern not only to the respected body that handles this case but also to the public. There are numerous causes that leads to road accident and one of them is the risk-taking behaviour among the road user’s itself. This behaviour might...
Article
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Background: We aimed to find the commonly used assessments to evaluate driver’s mental workload and its relationship with driving distraction. Methods: Academic articles such as journals, books, reports and conference papers that are related to workload measurements methods used in identifying mental workload among drivers that are dated from Jan...
Chapter
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Evaluation of the steering wheel control is important to optimise the posture of the driver. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between muscle contraction at the shoulder and anthropometric variables when performing steering wheel task. Participants were recruited to perform multiple steering wheel actions. The surface elec...
Article
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The logistics industry in Malaysia has greatly evolved in recent years. With regard to the freight industry, business operations depend on transportation service using commercial vehicles to deliver products in a timely manner. Technically categorised as N1 vehicle, the Light Commercial Vehicle (LCV) or light duty truck is designed to carry goods w...
Article
The design optimisation of car seats is vital in ensuring comfort and safety whilst driving. The main aim of this study is to determine the relationship between anthropometric parameters, interface pressure on car seats and driver’s safety in a preferred driving position. A pressure-map sensor was used to identify the pressure patterns on the car s...
Article
Global warming is bringing more frequent and severe heat waves. Construction workers are particularly vulnerable to heat risk due to the job culture in the outdoor environment. Unrestrained heat has extreme effects on skin temperature, which will lead to low performance and also results to injuries and fatalities. This study aims to investigate the...
Article
Temperatures are rising gradually around the world due to the issue of global warming. This condition also affects those who have to work for long hours. A comfortable work environment helps employees to increase work productivity. Thermal comfort is the occupant’s satisfaction with the surrounding thermal conditions. Therefore, the objective of th...
Article
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Workers in construction are the most in danger to the poor health effects of heat exposure every day. A simulated lifting task based on computational thermal model of the workers in the construction is designed and utilized to study the distribution of skin temperature under two different temperatures (32°C and 25°C) and statics relative humidity a...
Article
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Background: Conspicuity has been one of the key factors in motorcycle road crashes around the world. The inability and difficulty of other road users in detecting motorcycles either at day or at night have contributed to conspicuity related motorcycle crashes. This literature review attempts to understand the motorcycle conspicuity issues in road t...
Article
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Body posture is one of the most important parts when lifting an object as it can causes injury if the wrong technique and body posture were used. A worker will injure their low back if a bad posture is not in consideration. A good body posture is recommended among workers to reduce the chance of injury while lifting and improve their postural safet...
Article
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Environmental indoor air quality is one of the major concerns in occupational safety and health issues related to workers. Nowadays, the evolving of Internet of Things (IoT), the monitoring of the surrounding environmental desired parameters is more fascinating with the use of various sensors. Real time data now can be monitored with the Wi-Fi conn...
Article
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Occupational noise exposure towards worker is a major problem related to health and safety. It can be annoying and affects the worker's concentration and health during the working hours. Environmental stress such as occupational noise exposure from factories and industrial sites are well known with a harsh environment. This occupational noise pollu...
Article
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In lifting the heavy object, the muscles of a person are strained. The incorrect posture of lifting objects may lead to some damage to muscles causing back pain or low back pain. This back pain is mostly reported as musculoskeletal problems in the workplace and as individuals. The back pain of the worker can be reduced if the worker is following th...
Article
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Motorcycles are the top contributor in road crashes in Malaysia with more than 60% of fatal road crashes involved motorcyclists. Conspicuity issue has been one of the major factors of motorcycle crashes especially when traveling at night in rural road areas. Nevertheless, conspicuity issues also contribute to motorcycle crashes in urban road areas...
Article
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Conspicuity issues on motorcycle at night time have always been a big concern as it is frequently observed motorcycle ridden without its light functioning and motorcyclist donning low conspicuous attire. This somehow has contributed to high percentage of motorcycle crashes at night time especially at junction road and rural area. This study aims to...
Article
Vehicle maintenance personnel maintain, install, dismantle and repair as well as use hand tools in the nature of their job. A study in this domain has its complexities as there are not many research regarding the vehicle maintenance industry. The purpose of this paper was to identify the factors and their relationships towards the development of mu...
Article
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Conspicuity has been one of the main contributing factors to the high percentage of motorcycle crashes around the world. In Malaysia, it is normal to observe a motorcycle ridden without its lights functioning. Furthermore, the ignorance of motorcyclists on attire selection also contributing to less contrast of motorcyclists against the background w...
Article
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In today's learning approaches for engineering students, practical courses frequently complement traditional theoretical lectures. This practical element allows an early perspective into the real world of engineering, augments student motivation, and enables students to acquire soft skills early. This paper aims to demonstrate the usage of one of t...
Article
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Assessment of sitting condition on the car seat is important as the driver requires to remain seated while maneuvering the car. The seating situation with relatively restricted position and posture can lead to discomfort and fatigue among drivers. When the driver is getting fatigue, it may reduce the performance, and hence increase the risk of road...
Article
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Lower extremity disorders is associated with prolonged and awkward postures such as kneeling, squatting and stooping. Current study aims to examine the risk factors of awkward postures among pineapple plantation workers in Malaysia by using Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS). The postural analysis output from OWAS is then compared and val...
Article
Driving activities require drivers to control the vehicle while concentrating on the road. Previous studies show environmental factors as well as secondary task while driving are factors that contribute to the occurrence of the road accidents. Secondary task refers to task other than driving activity. In Malaysia, fatigue is the third contributing...
Article
Measuring discomfort towardthe car seat is important as the act of driving requires a driver to remain at the car seat while controlling the car. The seat condition, including sitting position as well as the driver's posture can lead to discomfort and fatigue. The objective of this study is to investigate a driver's pressure distribution in static...
Article
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While driving, a driver is required to control the steering wheel to change direction. The driver's muscles of the upper limbs and shoulders are involved in such a task. Therefore, an assessment of the driver's physiology according to certain condition is necessary to improve driving comfort and safety. This study aims to investigate the driver's D...
Article
Discomfort and pain issue at the body part are common complaints reported by car drivers. It is due to driving task require physical demands and need to maintain and adapt several postures in a constrained space while controlling the car. Hence, this study aims to determine the pattern of shoulder activation muscle consisting of the Trapezius muscl...
Article
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One of the key considerations when sitting particularly for a long period of time, either in the office chair or car seat is comfort. Studies have revealed a high number of reports regarding discomfort and musculoskeletal disorders while sitting in a fixed position. The main objective of this study is to review past and present subjective assessmen...
Article
Understanding of the muscle activity and its activation in driving task is very important. It can provide more knowledge to study the effects on the muscle when performing different driving styles task within certain duration. The main objective of this study is to investigate the role of the main parts in shoulder and leg with regards to certain d...
Article
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Performance impairment may occur if the driver feels fatigue while driving. This study investigated the drivers’ condition while performing one hour driving simulation in a controlled environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether heart rate measures can be used to detect impaired driver performance as well as reduced alertness. There a...
Article
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Fatigue is a gradual process related with an effort to keep awake, eventually resulting in declination of human performance. It is one of the well-known risk factors for traffic accidents. The objective of this study is to understand the psychophysiological aspects of driver fatigue by using driving simulator. This study had focused on heart rate (...
Article
Fatigue due to driving is an important aspect in maintaining drivers' performance and safety. There are many studies linking fatigue to reduction in performance and increase in accident risk. There are also some signs linking road and vehicle vibrations to fatigue, but this not been thoroughly investigated. Experiments have been made to detect and...
Article
Motorcyclists are particularly vulnerable when compared to large vehicles on the road. This study was conducted to gather feedbacks from motorcycle deliveryman regarding their riding conditions. A self-rated questionnaire was used to determine prevalence of riding symptom and its association with Whole Body Vibration and other associated factors am...
Article
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Nowadays, the detection of human fatigue is a major concern in society, industry, road safety and transportation research, due to its effect on human performance while performing tasks. The two main objectives of this review are to extract and understand better the electromyography (EMG) procedure and to identify any pertinent issues related to EMG...
Article
To this date, there were numerous studies that investigate the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal problems related to vibration. This review paper discuss recent studies related to subjective and objective assessment among workers around the world. The two main objectives of this review are: to examine published subjective and objective ass...
Article
The prevalence of work related musculoskeletal problems with respect to vibration is prominent. This review paper gather recent studies related to objective assessment among work force from all over the world. The three main objectives of this review are: to analyse published objective assessment related to vibration among the work force; to extrac...
Article
Manual workers in agricultural industry are frequently exposed to work related discomfort and pain while performing their work tasks. This leads to common health problems such as Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) which occur due to the feeling of discomfort while performing daily tasks, which in turn affect their work performance. An i...
Article
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Background: The nature of work in the construction industry is closely associated with many human factor hazards. Manual construction workers are exposed to hand-arm vibration, repetitive movements, holding of heavy loads and tools, and frequent manual materials handling hazards in their daily tasks. Work related musculoskeletal disorders are major...
Article
Motorcycle riders are exposed to extreme riding discomfort due to engine inertial imbalances, improper structural motorcycle design, and road excitation. This paper presents a survey on the perception regarding riding discomfort among motorcycle riders in Malaysia. The survey aims to gather information from motorcycle riders regarding the sources a...
Article
Today, majority of the world population are getting more concern on products impact towards the environment. In many parts of the world, electric vehicles (EV) are gaining popularity with vehicle owners due to higher fuel price and lower carbon monoxide emitted to the environment. In Malaysia EV technology is still in infancy stage and many Malaysi...
Article
Long distance driving could result in driver’s fatigue. Driving fatigue has been identified as one of the main reasons behind fatal crashes and injuries. This study aims to identify the body parts that experience fatigue and investigate factors that contribute towards driving fatigue among long distance heavy vehicle drivers. Two methods were used...
Article
Motorcyclists are road users that highly exposed to hand-arm vibration that may contribute to body discomfort and fatigue that eventually will lead to road accidents and injuries. The two main objectives of this study are to identify the body parts that experience discomfort among motorcyclist and to understand the vibration exposure effect on diff...
Article
Non-destructive characterization of material is given more attention due to its advantages in cost of research, procedure of experiment, accuracy of results and time taken to undergo experiment. As compare to other non-destructive characterization method, non-contact ultrasonic method does not need physical contact with specimen, surface specimen n...
Article
Background: Whole body vibration (WBV) exposure has a significant influence on humans’ comfort, health and performance.
Article
Background: Assessment on working posture during manual lifting is very important to ensure the task is safe. Lifting task is acceptable if it can satisfy certain ergonomic requirements. This study aims to identify the body part discomfort while performing the manual handling task and to evaluate the major manual lifting tasks in a printing factory...
Article
Fatigue can be defined as a feeling of drowsiness or sleepiness, tiredness, boredom, or an inability to focus and a mental sluggishness. The aim of the present study is to discover the general perceptions on fatigue risk factor of teenage motorcycle riders in an urban city in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Respondents provided feedback through questionnai...
Article
Various condition monitoring techniques were applied during a laboratory engine test in order to understand the wear processes occurring and to determine a suitable method which could be applicable to the detection and diagnosis of abnormal engine condition in practice. The goal of the research presented in this study is to monitor the internal com...
Article
Ergonomically designed workstation is vital towards improving health and safety of operators. This study was carried out at the assembly department to assess female operators' effectiveness at standing workstations during assembling different components and parts for making electronic product in a manufacturing factory. Long working hours with stat...
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An exit survey is a powerful tools that allow the University to obtain information about students' satisfaction with a range of academic and supervision experiences during their study at UKM and to inquire about their plans for the future. This study used a set of questioimaires which comprise of five main sections; Section A-general background, Se...
Article
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Professional engineers (PEs) at the Institutions of Higher Learning (IHLs) have undoubtedly contributed to the quality of teaching & research and closed the gaps between university graduates' qualities and the expectations of the industry. As being PEs brings about great differences in university environment, this article seeks the reasons for lect...
Article
The use of Statistical Process Control (SPC) in the manufacturing process has been historically proven to increase the quality of the product. Recent trends show that companies are becoming increasingly reliant on computer based-SPC because it can save a significant amount of time compared with traditional SPC. In addition, labor-intensive tasks, s...
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Group projects can help students develop certain generic skills sought by employers. The current paper presents the results of the peer reviews and lecturer assessments for KF1121: Professionalism in Engineering and Built Environment I. This course involved 66 first year students from the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering for the 2...