Nishaliney Nadarajan

• University of Malaysia, Terengganu

A high yielding redgram culture CRG 10-01 was a cross derivative of APK 1x LRG 41 and matures in 170 to 180 days. The culture recorded an average grain yield of 1600 kg/ha under rainfed condition and 1800 kg/ha under irrigated condition with a yield increase of 19 percent over CO 6 and 22 percent over VBN 2. Drought tolerant CO 8 variety shown resi...

Imazethapyr is a now emerging post-emergence (PoE) herbicide for pulses. A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2011-12) to assess the efficacy of imazethapyr in summer mungbean (Vigna radiate L.) in a mild alkaline soil of Kanpur, India. Treatment comprised of five different doses of Imazethapyr [0 (Weedy check), 40, 60, 80, 1...

Despite concerted breeding efforts directed towards genetic improvement of pigeonpea, huge gap exists between its potential and actual yields. Recently, in order to stabilize pigeonpea yield the CGMS- based system has been established in pigeonpea. Maintenance of the genetic purity of parental lines and hybrids, however, remains one the greatest ch...

Pigeonpea is one of the most important pulse crops in the semi-arid tropical region, which is prone to several climatic uncertainties like unpredictable temperature, frequent drought and inconsistent rainfall. Additionally, during crop cycle pigeonpea also encounters a wide range of other biotic and abiotic constraints, ultimately leading to its fl...

We assessed 61 Vigna (azuki bean)-specific microsatellite markers for their cross transferability and efficiency in supporting diversity studies in Cajanus. Thirty Cajanus genotypes comprising 20 different cultivars of pigeonpea (C. cajan) and ten genotypes from five wild relatives of pigeonpea were examined in this study. Of the 61 SSR primer pair...

Three different marker systems, viz., sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), simple sequence repeat (SSR) and resistance gene analogue anchored amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP-RGA) were employed to analyze genetic diversity among 29 pigeon pea genotypes. Furthermore, relative efficiencies of these marker systems were compared...

Given inherent qualities like N-fixation, P-solublization and nutrient recycling pulses remain the most preferred option for diversification of cereal-based rotations. A long-term experiment was used to assess the effect of including pulses in rice–wheat rotation on soil–plant nutrient dynamics under inorganic and organic nutrient management. Resul...

Plant resistance has been widely recognized as the most potential and successful way to minimize losses due to biotic stresses including weeds in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Weeds pose great threat to chickpea production through competing for natural resources. Herbicides are the most successful weed controlling agents. Presently we do not have...

Legumes in the Omic Era provides a timely review of recent advances in legume genomics research and application. In this post-genomic era enormous amount of biological information is available which could be of huge potential use for crop improvement applications. This aspect of genomics assisted plant breeding is focused throughout the book for al...

Key message Given recent advances in pulse molecular biology, genomics-driven breeding has emerged as a promising approach to address the issues of limited genetic gain and low productivity in various pulse crops. Abstract The global population is continuously increasing and is expected to reach nine billion by 2050. This huge population pressure...

Genetic diversity was studied among 21 accessions of lentil using SSR markers and morphological traits in order to assess the diversification of Indian gene-pool of lentil through introgression of exotic genes and introduction of germplasm. Among these , 16 genotypes either had 'Precoz' gene, an Argentine line in their pedigree or genes from introd...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the inheritance of resistance against two variants of Fusarium wilt (Variant 1 and Variant 2), using highly resistant (ICP8863) and susceptible (Type 7) pigeonpea genotypes. In order to develop F-2 mapping population from the cross Type 7 x ICP8863, homogeneity and true hybridity testing was carried o...

During a large scale "non a priori" survey in 2010 of South African plant-infecting single stranded DNA viruses, a highly divergent geminivirus genome was isolated from a wild spurge, Euphorbia caput-medusae. In addition to being infectious in E. caput-medusae, the cloned viral genome was also infectious in tomato and Nicotiana benthamiana. The vir...

Pulses are next to cereals in terms of their economic and nutritional importance as human food. Nutrient imbalance is one of the major abiotic constraints limiting productivity of pulses. The inbuilt unique mechanism of biological N2 fixation enables pulse crops to meet 80-90% of their N requirements, hence a small dose of 15-25 kg N/ha as starter...

CaNSP2) was 1,503 bp. linkage analysis in an F 3 population of 118 plants derived from the cross between the pair of nIlS nIl7-2A (nod) × nIl7-2B (non-nod) revealed a co-localization between CaNSP2 and Rn1 gene. These data implicate the CaNSP2 gene as a candidate for identity to Rn1, and suggest that it could act in the nodulation signal-ing transd...

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is the second most widely grown legume crop after soybean, accounting for a substantial proportion of human dietary nitrogen intake and playing a crucial role in food security in developing countries. We report the ∼738-Mb draft whole genome shotgun sequence of CDC Frontier, a kabuli chickpea variety, which contains an es...

Advances in next-generation sequencing and genotyping technologies have enabled generation of large-scale genomic resources such as molecular markers, transcript reads and BAC-end sequences (BESs) in chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut, three major legume crops of the semi-arid tropics. Comprehensive transcriptome assemblies and genome sequences have...

Microsatellite markers from chickpea, common bean, fieldpea and lentil were studied for their transferability and ability to reveal polymorphism in pigeonpea with an objective to use them in linkage map construction and tagging of agronomically important traits. Out of total one hundred and sixty three genic and genomic markers from four legume gen...

Current DNA extraction protocols, which require liquid nitrogen, lyophilisation and considerable infrastructure in terms of instrumentation, often impede the application of biotechnological tools in less researched crops in laboratories in developing countries. We modified and optimized the existing CTAB method for plant genomic DNA extraction by a...

In the present investigation 646 accessions of greengram collected and conserved at Pulses Breeding Station were characterized with 18 quantitative and 37 qualitative traits as per the NBPGR descriptor. Hierarchical cluster analysis and Principal component analysis of the collection revealed eight distinct clusters indicating the existence of enorm...

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a major food legume crops for the tropics and sub-tropical regions and is the main dietary protein source for vegetarians in developing countries. Besides several abiotic factors, its production is constrained by insect pests, as well as many fungal diseases. The success of any attempt to produce resistant varieties...

In the present study, twenty one pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] genotypes representing three different gene pools were analysed for phylogenetic relationships using sequence specific amplification polymorphism markers. Four primers were screened involving selective AFLP primers in combination with primer specific to 5'LTR region of Panze...

Food legumes are the main source of dietary protein for a large part of the world's population, and also play an important role in maintaining soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. However, legume yields and production are often limited by large genotype×environment (G×E) interactions that influence the expression of agronomically important, co...

A high yielding blackgram culture COBG 653 is a cross derivative of DU 2 x VB 20 and matures in 60 - 65 days. This culture recorded an average yield of 877 Kg/ha with a yield increase of 24 per cent over the national checks varieties LBG 402 and LBG 17 under All India Co-ordinated trials. This was released for cultivation during rabi season in sout...

Lentil is one of most important pulse crops in South Asia, and invariably encounters terminal moisture stress, leading to forced maturity and lower yield. A long and prolific root system is known to enhance capacity of the plant to extract water from the lower soil strata and thus help avoid the water stress. We assessed genetic variation for 12 tr...

Hybridization is the initial step for creating genetic variability in conventional breeding programmes. Pigeonpea is one of the crops in which some genetic mechanisms including protogyny tends to promote natural outcrossing. Considering these facts in view, an investigation was performed to assess the feasibility of crossing without emasculation. S...

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study the DNA polymorphism in Indian mung-bean cultivars. A total of 60 random primers were used in the study and 33 of them generated reproducible RAPD patterns. Amplification of genomic DNA of most popular 24 Indian mungbean cultivars with these RAPD primers yielded 249 fragments that c...

VBN 7- Black gram: It is a cross derivate of VBN3 / Vigna mungo var. silvestris with the Duration of 65-70 days Season and suitable to all season for Tamil Nadu. It recorded yield potential 981 kg/ha with 30% yield increase over check variety VBN (Bg) 4 Special features included High yield Resistant to Yellow Mosaic Virus, No incidence of leaf curl...

Pigeonpea, often considered as a drought tolerant crop, has the distinct advantage of having a large range of variation for maturity, leading to its adaptation to a wide range of environments and cropping systems. It encounters a number of abiotic stresses during its life cycle. The most important are extremes of moisture and temperature, photoperi...

Food legumes are the main source of dietary protein for a large part of the world's population, and also play an important role in maintaining soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. However, legume yields and production are often limited by large genotype × environment (G × E) interactions that influence the expression of agronomically important...

VBN ( Bg ) 6 - Black gram: The Blackgram culture VBG04-014 is a cross derivative of Vamban 1 x Vigna mungo var silvestris maturing in 65-70 days. The overall average yield for VBG04-014 is 871 kg/ha. The culture possess special advantages like high yielding with short duration (65-70 days) and resistance to Yellow Mosaic Virus Disease

Stagnant production, soaring prices, and enhanced imports of pigeonpea (red gram) have been matter of concern to the primestakeholders in India. A new hybrid pigeonpea breeding technology, developed jointly by the International Crops ResearchInstitute for the Semi-arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) is capable o...

Correlation studies made with parents, F1’s of 15 (lines) × 4 (testers) and one check hybrid (TCHB 213) in interspecificcrosses of cotton (Gossypium spp) revealed that plant height, number of sympodial branches per plant, number of bolls perplant along with 2.5 per cent span length, bundle strength and elongation percentage showed significant posit...

Special features • High yield • High protein content (24.16%) • Resistance to yellow mosaic virus • Resistant to powdery mildew • Multiblooming type

An investigation was carried out on a collection of 23 blackgram genotypes involving 16 releasedvarieties, six pre release cultures and one wild species Vigna mungo var. silvestris to study the genetic diversityusing twelve ISSR primers. The number of alleles produced by different ISSR primers ranged from eight to 17with an average of 11.5 per prim...

Field experiments were conducted at Department of Pulses, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during summer and kharif 2005 to find out the optimum spacing and nitrogen levels on growth and yield of vegetable garden bean (avarai). The experiment was laid out in split plot design. The main plot treatments were (spacing levels) viz., 30 x...

The genetic diversity level of forty five soybean accessions were assessed using 22 morphological traits and 11 SSR primers. The morphological traits and SSR marker used in the present study grouped the soybean accessions into 6 and 14 clusters correspondingly. The morphological diversity between CODE 34 and TS 99-128 (similarity level 13%) was max...

Polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) in different concentrations is commonly used as osmoticum to reduce the water potential and create osmotic stress in the culture medium. Hence the present investigation was framed to select superior variants from eight parents (NPT 107, PMK 3, MDU 5, ASD 16, Vellaichithiraikar, Mattaikar, Nootripathu. and Norungan) an...

An extra early duration Avarai (Lablab purpureus var typicus - Garden bean) culture COLT 22/1 was developed by hybridization and pedigree breeding. It is a hybrid derivative of CO 9 x CO 4, an extra early duration, dwarf, erect and high yielding culture. It matures in 70 - 75 days as vegetable crop and 80 - 85 days as seed crop. The culture COLT 22...

Rice is one of the most important food crop drastically affected by drought in lowland rice ecosystem. Dissecting out the traits of importance and genomic regions influencing the response of drought tolerance and yield traits on grain yield will aid the breeders to know the genetic mechanism of drought tolerance of rice leads to the development of...

Cyanobacteria or blue green algae are prokaryotic photosynthetic microorganism that produces a wide array of substances, including plant growth regulators. In the case of growth regulators, gibberellin, auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid have been detected in cyanobacteria. Many substances have been added to plant tissue cu...

The experiment was conducted to develop and evaluate the biparental progenies for drought tolerance breeding in rice. Genetic analysis of biparental progenies resulted that, the traits viz., days to 70% RWC, leaf rolling, leaf drying and plant height were governed by additive gene action and for improvement of these traits, pureline selection, mass...

Investigations were carried out in two experiments namely, screening different rice sub-species for wide compatibility (WC) and fertility restoration capabilities of selected WC lines. Out of 63 lines screened primarily for WC in the first experiment, 15 lines, comprising 11 tropical japonicas and four indicas, were assessed as "putative" wide comp...

The black gram genotype VBG 18 is a cross derivative from LBG 402 X LBG 17. It matures in 65-70 days. This culture rcorded high seed yield in station trials, multilocation trials and adaptive research trials. The average seed yield is about 775 and 826 kg/ha respectively in irrigated and rainfed conditions. The highest yield potential is 1800 kg/ha...

An investigation was carried out with three sesame genotypes resistant to pod borer (Antigastra catalaunalis Dup.). The genotypes were crossed with ruling varieties to evaluate their combining ability and heterosis performance for the pod borer resistance. The parents Si 3315/11 and Co I could be utilised as donors in the hybridisation programme to...

An attempt was made to breed for improved plant type in pigeonpen by crossing two contrasting parents viz. Vamban-I and Gulbarga-1. The F2 population clearly segregated into four distinct classes of phenotypes (plant types) in the ratio of 50 intermediate erect tall: 14 compact dwarf in the early segregants and 15 tall spreading: 1 compact bushy in...

Direct and reciprocal crosses were attempted between two contrasting pigeonpea varieties viz., Vamban-1 and Gulbarga-1. The study of parents, hybrids and F2 segregating population revealed that the characters such as duration, leaf colour, resistance to sterility mosaic disease and growth habit are monogenetically controlled and are inherited as a...

Eight black gram genotypes were studied during five seasons for their stable performance for seed yield. The results indicated that varieties Vamban 1, LBG 17 and Co 5 were stable. Vamban I recorded below average responsiveness to environment and Co 5 as average responsiveness to environment. Genotypes VBG 20, Vamban 1, VBG II and T 9 recorded high...

Seventeen pigeonpea genetypes were studied for their stability for seed yield over three years. The linear component of regression is not significant against pooled error indicates that the prediction of performance of late maturing pigeonpea genotypes over environments is difficult. However, two genotypes ICP 7991 and ICP 7346 were found stable an...

The P1, P2, F1, F2, BCI and BC2 generations of five pearl millet crosses were studied for six metric traits. The additive dominance model was adequate for plant height, leaf breadth, earhead length and earhead breadth in one cross each. An epistatic digenic model was assumed for other crosses. Heterosis breeding is suggested for improvement of all...

Five male steriles, 3 inbreds, 30-3-way cross, 120 double cross and 6 varietal cross hybrids of pearl millet were evaluated under three environments with two replications. Highly significant genotype X environment interactions were recorded, the hybrids being more stable than parents. Eleven single cross, 23 three-way cross, 93 double cross and 5 v...

Genetic variation and diversity studies among 21 genotypes of green gram collected from different sources were carried out for five economic characters. The seed yield and plant height showed moderate genotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was noticed for plant height and seed yiel...

A high yielding varagu culture KMV 20 has been developed through pure line selection under rainfed condition. It recorded a mean grain yield of 1683 k/ha, registering 58.9, 7.9, 19.3 and 34.3 per cent increased grain yield over the checks Co3, APK 1, PSC 1 and IPS 147-1 respectively. The duration of this culture is 95-100 days. This culture has bee...

Genetic diversity in a population of forty genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) assessed using Mahalanobis D statistic, indicated considerable diversity in the material studied. Five characters were studied and utilized for multivariate analysis. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters. Boll weight, number of bolls per plant and 2.5% sp...

An investigation was undertaken to estimate the nature and magnitude of gene effects and genetic variances for different yield and cotton fibre quality traits and to suggest efficient breeding procedures.

A fuzzless-lintless mutant was identified in MCU.5 (Gossypium hirsutum) cotton in 1984. The inheritance of this character is reported in this paper. The fuzzless-lintless mutant was crossed with fuzzy-linted parents viz. MCU.5, MCU.7, Express Sindh (W), Piedmont Cleveland and Sindis Wild and the segregation pattern was studied in F2 and BC1F1 gener...

Cyanobacteria or blue green algae are prokaryotic photosynthetic microorganism that produces a wide array of substances, including plant growth regulators. In the case of growth regulators, gibberellin, auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid have been detected in cyanobacteria. Many substances have been added to plant tissue cu...