Niranjana Murthy Hosakatte

• Ph. D.
• Professor at Karnatak University

Carotenoid pigments are used in the food industry as natural coloring agents. The application of carotenoids in the food industry will enhance the nutritional value of the foodstuff and also extend the shelf-life. Additionally, carotenoids are used as a nutraceutical and flavoring compounds in the food industry. Carotenoids can prevent and lower th...

Lobelia chinensis Lour. is an important medicinal plant used in Chinese traditional medicine. Plantlet cultures of L. chinensis were established in balloon-type airlift bioreactors with the aim of producing L. chinensis raw material. The generation of biomass and bioactive chemicals was investigated using a variety of culture techniques, including...

Tissue culture is used to multiply Al-Taif rose (Rosa damascena f. trigintipetala (Diek) R. Keller) plants in order to meet the demands of the fragrance, cosmetic, and floriculture industries. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) could potentially improve plant growth and acclimatization performance to ex vitro conditions. Thus, in the cu...

Ginkgo biloba is an ancient plant that has survived up until the present day. Gingko biloba is a rich source of valuable secondary metabolites, particularly terpene trilactones (TTLs) such as ginkgolides and bilobalides, which are obtained from the leaves and seeds of the plant. TTLs have pharmacological properties, including anticancer, anti-demen...

Ficus drupacea is a fruit-bearing tree that is distributed in Southeast Asia and Australia. The objective of this research was to ascertain the following with regard to ripened fruits: (i) their nutritional value, (ii) their mineral status, (iii) the fatty acid composition of fruit and seed oil, (iv) their phytochemical makeup, and (v) their antiox...

Temporary immersion system (TIS) cultures are reported to be superior when compared to semi-solid (SS) and liquid (LQ) cultures for the in vitro plant regeneration of many plant species. In the present study, we used a TIS for plant regeneration of Gerbera jemesonii “Shy Pink” and compared the results with that of SS and LQ cultures. The number of...

Betalains are nitrogen-containing natural pigments that are water soluble and they comprise of the red-violet betacyanin and the yellow betaxanthin which are abundant in plants such as red/yellow beet, amaranth, prickly pear, pitaya, and others. They are widely used as food coloring agents for many centuries. Betalains are used in pharmaceuticals,...

This work studied the micropropagation of fegra fig (F. palmata Forssk.) during which we experienced the incidence of shoot-tip necrosis (STN). STN was evident during the shoot elongation stage, which was regenerated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine. To alleviate SNT, we conducted a series of experimen...

Dendrobium candidum Wall ex Lindl. is a popular medicinal orchid widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. This species has become rare in nature, and therefore, plant tissue culture methods have been followed for regeneration, conservation, and utilization. In vitro protocorm-like body (PLB) regeneration is achieved in Dendrobium candidum and P...

Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) is an important fruit-yielding crop that is propagated by tissue culture. Ex vitro transplantation is a critical step in blackberry micropropagation. This study explored the usefulness of the mycorrhization of micro-propagated blackberry plants to enhance growth and development during the accli-matization stage. Two...

Background Angelica Gigas (Purple parsnip) is an important medicinal plant that is cultivated and utilized in Korea, Japan, and China. It contains bioactive substances especially coumarins with anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, anti-obesity, anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective p...

Temporary immersion system (TIS) cultures are reported to be superior when compared to semi-solid (SS) and liquid cultures for in vitro plant regeneration of many plant species. In the present study, we used the TIS system for plant regeneration of Gerbera jemesonii cv. ‘Shy Pink’ and compared the results with that of SS and liquid cultures. The sh...

Erythrina stricta Roxb., an underutilized legume species native to the Indian subcontinent, is traditionally employed in various medicinal applications. This study systematically examines the nutritional quality, encompassing proximate and mineral composition of E. stricta seeds, with a focus on characterizing the seed oil. The seeds exhibit commen...

Currently, in vitro cell, tissue, and organ cultures are used to produce plant secondary metabolites that are used as natural coloring agents, nutraceuticals, and medications. Various strategies have been applied for the hyperaccumulation of biomass and bioactive secondary compounds in vitro. The elicitation of cultured cells and organs with biotic...

Purpose: To provide an updated summary of recent advances in the application of gamma irradiation to elicit secondary metabolism and for induction of mutations in plant cell and organ cultures for the production of industrially important specialized metabolites (SMs). Conclusions: Research on the application of gamma radiation with plants has co...

Plyatocodon grandiflorus is an important medicinal herb, its rhizomes are utilized as vegetables and as medicinal food. In this investigation, we were able to successfully isolate protoplasts from P. grandiflorus leaf mesophyll tissues in order to promote the development of calli. It has been determined what are the ideal conditions for protoplast...

Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments found in plants. They exist in various colors, including red, purple, and blue, and are utilized as natural colorants in the food and cosmetics industries. The pharmaceutical industry uses anthocyanins as therapeutic compounds because they have several medicinal qualities, including anti-obesity, anti-cancer,...

In plant biotechnology, protoplasts are a versatile tool since they are very helpful for both fundamental biology studies and for genetic improvement and genome editing studies. In many plant species, however, reproducible regeneration from protoplasts continues to be a bottleneck. In the present study, we report the development of an efficient met...

Plants and their products have been utilized as raw materials in the preparation of cosmetics for millennia. Currently, research is being done to find new plant materials that may be used as ingredients in cosmetic preparations, including body sprays, shampoos, conditioners, hair dyes/sprays, and other cosmetics. The plants that are used in the pre...

Specialized plant metabolites, such as phenolics, terpenes, terpenoids, nitrogen-containing compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds, are commercially valuable owing to their wide array of applications in the medical, pharmacological, cosmetic, agriculture, and food industries. Procuring valuable specialized metabolites from wild or cultivated pl...

Secondary metabolites from plants are ubiquitous and have applications in medicines, food additives, scents, colorants, and natural pesticides. Biotechnological production of secondary metabolites that have economic benefits is an attractive alternative to conventional methods. Cell, adventitious, and hairy root suspension cultures are typically us...

The current study was performed to verify the effect of light quality especially of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the in vitro regeneration of Lobelia chinensis. Nodal explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose and treated with red (R), blue (B), white (W) combination red/blue (1:1; RB), and red/blue/green (1:1:1; RGB)...

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are currently being used as a light source for in vitro regeneration or the growth of plants in a controlled environment. However, it is crucial to define the target system’s sensitivity to light quality before LEDs may be employed as the exclusive source of light. The objective of the present work was to investigate th...

In vitro plant cell and organ cultures are appealing alternatives to traditional methods of producing valuable specialized metabolites for use as: pharmaceuticals, food additives, cosmetics, perfumes, and agricultural chemicals. Cell cultures have been adopted for the production of specialized metabolites in certain plants. However, in certain othe...

Blackberry (Rubus sp., family: Rosaceae) is an important fruit-yielding plant cultivated worldwide. Blackberry fruits are rich in nutrients and bioactive substances, such as anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds (Kaume et al. 2011). The flavonols and ellagitannins contained in them are major compounds with antioxidant, antiobesity, antidiabetic...

Herbaceous terrestrial plants – both dicots and monocots – are classified as geophytes when they generate underground storage organs like bulbs, corms, tubers, and tuberous roots. These structures allow developing shoot buds to hibernate in order to avoid unfavorable seasonal conditions. With the advent of ideal conditions, the shoot buds will spro...

Barleria albostellata (Acanthaceae) is a shrub located in South Africa and is relatively understudied. However, plants within this genus are well known for their medicinal and ethnopharmacological properties. This study aimed to characterise the phytochemical compounds and antibacterial efficacies of B. albostellata. Phytochemical analysis, fluores...

The present study focuses on the nutritional, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant activities of the fruits of Rourea minor (Gaertn.) Alston., an underutilized plant species. The ripened seeds contained 0.28%, 12.39%, 25.70%, 1.4%, and 3.4% of fat, protein, carbohydrate, ash, and fiber, respectively, whereas ripened pulp possessed 0.19%, 0.34...

Andrographis macrobotrys Nees is an ethnomedicinal plant belonging to the family Acan-thaceae, distributed in the moist deciduous and semi-evergreen forests of the southern Western Ghats of India. The objective of this research was to determine the phytochemical composition and bioactive chemical components using gas chromatography and mass spectro...

The major objective of this investigation was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of Andrographis lineata Wall. ex Nees var. lawii C.B. Clarke leaf methanol extract on cancer cell lines. In vitro cytotoxicity of Andrographis lineata leaf extract was evaluated against A375 (melanoma), A549 (lung), HCT116 (colon), HeLa (cervix), HepG2 (hepatoma), Jurk...

Plant micropropagation has been adapted in the fields of agriculture, horticulture, forestry, and other related fields for large-scale production of elite plants. The use of liquid media and adoption of bioreactors have escalated the production of healthy plants. Several liquid-phase, gas-phase, temporary immersion, and other modified bioreactors h...

An important, endemic, and imperilled tropical medicinal plant called Tabernaemontana alternifolia is successfully micropropagated in this article. On Murashige and Skoog’s media that had thidiazuron (TDZ; 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 µM) supplied, high-frequency indirect shoot regeneration was induced from the callus produced from internode explants. Aft...

Sageretia thea is used in the preparation of herbal medicine in China and Korea; this plant is rich in various bioactive compounds, including phenolics and flavonoids. The objective of the current study was to enhance the production of phenolic compounds in plant cell suspension cultures of Sageretia thea. Optimum callus was induced from cotyledon...

Pteridophytes are non-flowering plants that are possessing horticultural and medicinal value. Vegetative parts or even entire plants, fiddleheads, and rhizomes of pteridophytes are edible and rich in nutritional composition. They are also possessing plentiful phytochemicals including flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, coumarins, chromones, phenyl...

Since ancient times, Morinda species, particularly Morinda citrifolia, have been used for their therapeutic benefits. Iridoids, anthraquinones, coumarins, flavonoids, lignans, phytosterols, and carotenoids are examples of natural substances with bioactivity. Anthraquinone derivatives are the most significant of these chemicals since they are utiliz...

Philodendron bipinnatifidum Schott ex Endl. is a popular ornamental plant that is normally propagated by tissue culture methods. However, the growth and acclimatization of micropropagated plants are tarrying processes. Therefore, in the present study we examined the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Gigaspora albida and G. marginata on t...

Andrographis lineata var. lawii is a threatened and endemic species that yield several therapeutic flavonoids. In the present study, a simple and efficient in vitro plant regeneration protocol was developed using shoot tip, nodal and cotyledonary explants. Shoot tip and nodal explants were involved in direct regeneration of multiple shoots on Muras...

Diospyros villosa is traditionally used for an anti-bacterial property. Its cytotoxic effects have not been studied before. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the nutritional properties as well the cytotoxic effects of D. villosa. The leaves and stem barks were subjected to three different extraction methods (methanol, chloroform and hexane) an...

The objective of this study was to evaluate phytochemicals present in the resin of Garcinia indica (Gamboge). We assessed the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of acetone, methanol, and water extracts of resin. Acetone and methanol extracts contain a high amount of phenolics (183.90 and 182.85 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalent)/g) a...

The Rubia genus includes major groups of medicinal plants such as Rubia cordifolia, Rubia tinctorum, and Rubia akane. They contain anthraquinones (AQs), particularly alizarin and purpurin, which have pharmacological effects that are anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, hemostatic, antibacterial, and more. Alizarin and purpurin have been util...

An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Tay ethnic group in Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam has been carried out in the present study, especially in the region of Định Hoá, Phú Lương, and Võ Nhai districts. The ethnobotanical survey was conducted between 2018 and 2021 and a catalog of the medicinal plant used by the Tay ethnic group i...

Cnidium officinale is a medicinal plant cultivated for its rhizomes, which are used in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean traditional medicine. This medicinal crop is highly susceptible to heat stress and cannot be cultivated in regions of higher temperatures. In the present study, ten clones from Korea (clones 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 11, 14, 15, 22, and 26) wer...

Background: Andrographis producta (C. B. Clarke) Gamble is a valuable medicinal plant that yields several therapeutic compounds. In addition, this species is endemic to the Western Ghats regions of South India. Natural populations of Andrographis producta have dwindled due to the overexploitation of this species. The objective of the present study...

The in vitro propagation and ex situ conservation strategy provides new means for the conservation and mass propagation of economically and medicinally important plants. The present work aimed to observe the main characteristics of the in vitro propagation of Garcinia livingstonei from matured seed segments. Successful multiple shoots were induced...

The objective of the current study was to identify and quantify endogenous phenolic compounds in easy-to-root M.9 and M.26 rootstocks and difficult-to-root cultivars ‘Hongro’ (HR) and ‘Fuji’ (FJ) (scions) of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) during in vitro rooting of shoots for 40 days in culture. Phloretic acid, coumaric acid, salicylic acid, chloro...

Phyllanthus emblica L. (family Phyllanthaceae) is commonly known as Indian gooseberry, which yields edible fruit. Indian gooseberry is eaten raw and used for culinary purposes. The fruit are rich in nutrients, vitamins, amino acids and minerals. Fresh or dried fruit, seeds, leaves, roots and bark are used in the preparation of herbal medicines in t...

Cnidium officinale is a valuable medicinal plant cultivated in Asia for its rhizomes. This study reports the in vitro regeneration of Cnidium officinale plants and the induction of rhizomes from microshoots. The rhizomatous buds of Cnidium officinale induced multiple shoots on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 BA, which l...

Wood-apple (Limonia acidissima L.) is an undomesticated nutritionally and medicinally potential monotypic tree species of the genus Limonia, which belongs to the family Rutaceae. This species is remained underexploited due to a lack of awareness regarding its significance and systematic study of its diversity. The present work was carried out to re...

Amentotaxus argotaenia (Hance) Pilg. is a threatened conifer with a wide distribution range from North to Central Vietnam due to habitat loss and over-exploitation. To provide information for its conservation and sustainable management, in the present study, genetic diversity and population genetic structure for 200 trees from eight populations, re...

The seed kernel of Balanites roxburghii Planch., an underutilized species, yields a substantial amount of oil and has an impressive fatty acid profile. Both seed cake and seed oil have the potential to be rich nutritive sources. With this view, in the present study, nutritive profiling of seed kernel and seed oil including HPLC quantification of to...

Balanites roxburghii is an underutilized species native to India and known for its medicinal and nutritional properties. Seeds possess a high amount of oil, which can be a new source of edible oil. Here we report the compositional analysis of B. roxburghii seed oil (BRSO) and its variability among the South Indian populations. Oil content ranged fr...

Combretaceae is a large Angiosperm family that is highly sought after because of its pronounced medicinal value. Combretum is recognized as the largest genus, prevalent in southern Africa due to its extensive use in traditional medicine. This study aimed to provide a comparative analysis of the phytochemical constituents of the leaf and stembark ex...

Wood apple ( Limonia acidissima L.) is an undomesticated nutritionally and medicinally potential monotypic tree species of the genus Limonia , which belongs to the family Rutaceae. This species is remained underexploited due to a lack of awareness regarding its significance and systematic study of its diversity. The present work was carried out to...

Balanites roxburghii Planch. is an important medicinal plant of India and used in the treatment of various diseases and disorders. Seeds possess a high amount of oil and could be used in the biodiesel production. This plant is also a source of diosgenin, a therapeutically useful compound. Domestication of this plant provides opportunities for the c...

Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. (BM), also known as ‘Brahmi’ or ‘Water Hyssop’, has been utilized as a brain tonic, memory enhancer, sensory organ revitalizer, cardiotonic, anti-anxiety, antidepressant and anticonvulsant agent in the Indian system of medicine Ayurveda for centuries. BM is beneficial in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s...

Diospyros chloroxylon is the indigenous fruit of the Indian subcontinent and both unripe and ripe fruits are eaten by tribal people. The present study explores the nutritional status of Diospyros chloroxylon fruits. Unripe and ripe fruits were rich in fat, protein, carbohydrate, ash, fiber, and minerals. The energy levels of unripe, ripe fruits, an...

Adventitious roots were induced from root explants of Angelica acutilobaand suspension cultures were established in shake flasks. The effect of different concentrations of indole acetic acid (IBA, 0–38.4 µM), the strength of the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (0.5–2 ×), the concentration of sucrose (10–70 g·L−1), inoculum density (2.5–10 g·L−1) we...

A temporary immersion system (TIS) bioreactor has been used as an efficient and cost-effective method for the in vitro propagation of many plant species. In the current study, the applicability of a TIS bioreactor for plantlet regeneration Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., Fragaria × ananassa Duch., and Cnidium officinale Makino was studied. Shoot l...

Wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) is an underutilized, fruit-yielding tree that is native to India and Sri Lanka. Wood apple trees are also cultivated in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, Kampuchea, Laos, and Indonesia for delicious fruits and medicinal purposes. The major objective of the present work was the ana...

Andrographis paniculata (AP) is a medicinal plant that is traditionally used in Indian, Chinese, Malay, Thai, and Oriental system of medicines to treat various disorders. AP consists of andrographolide (AD), 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (DDAD), and neoandrographolide (NAD) as major diterpene lactones which has extremely bitter properties...

Andrographis paniculata (AP) is popularly known as ‘King of bitters’, and it is an important medicinal plant which is cultivated in Southeast Asia and other tropical parts of the world. AP contains monoterpenoids, ent-labdane diterpenoids, flavonoids, quinic acids and xanthones. Andrographolide and its derivatives isolated from AP are reported to h...

The present study was aimed at analyzing the fatty acid composition, tocopherols, and physico-chemical characterization of wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) seed oil and the nutritional profile of seed cake. The fatty acids in seed oil were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the total seed oil was 32.02 ± 0.08%, comprisi...

In vitro propagation method was developed for Andrographis macrobotrys for large-scale multiplication. Nodal explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing cytokinins including 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP), kinetin (KN), 2-isopentyl adenine (2-iP) and thidiazuron (TDZ) at 2.5, 5, 7.5 or 10 μM L⁻¹. Multiple axillary shoots (32 s...

Balanites roxburghii is an important medicinal plant of India and is used in the treatment of various diseases and disorders. Seeds possess a high amount of oil and could be used in biodiesel production. This plant is also a source of diosgenin, a therapeutically useful compound. Domestication of this plant provides opportunities for the commercial...

The authors wish to make the following change to the funding section in their paper [1] [...]

Light and scanning electron microscopic studies of pollen and seeds were carried out for nine species of Andrographis (Acanthaceae) from India. Pollen in all species is isopolar, radially symmetric and tricolporate with elongated apertures, oblate-spheroidal in A. ovata, prolate-spheroidal in A. alata, prolate in A. echioides and A. macrobotrys to...

To determine the suitability of wild cucumber as a natural resource of seed oil, we assessed the chemical composition of seeds and seed oils from wild cucumber (Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii (Royle) Alef.) and compared them with those of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. var. sativus) and gherkin (Cucumis anguria L.). Wild cucumber, cucumber, and gher...

Plants existing in nature could be used as source of nutrition and bioactive compounds. Some of the wild and underutilized plants such as African baobab, amaranth, tarragon, Malabar spinach, borage, Ethiopian rape, goosefoot, chicory, spider plant, mallow, sea kale, curcuma, squash, roselle, water spinach, bitter melon, drumstick, tassel hyacinth,...

Background: Andrographis producta (Acanthaceae) is endemic to Western Ghats, India, traditionally used by native people for the control of various ailments including intestinal worms, to relieve constipation and also used to eliminate phlegm in women during postpartum. Objective: To investigate the chemical compounds in root, stem and leaves of A....

Several species belonging to the genus Tabernaemontana have been well researched and utilized for their wide-ranging biological activities. A few of the most prominent species include Tabernaemontana divaricata, Tabernaemontana catharinensis, Tabernaemontana crassa, and Tabernaemontana elegans. These species and many others within the genus often d...

Background Andrographis alata (Vahl) Nees is a medicinal plant which was reported to have the highest concentration of neoandrographolide that has several therapeutic values. Natural populations of Andrographis alata are dwindling due to destruction of natural habitat and over exploitation. Therefore, in vitro propagation of Andrographis alata was...

Bridelia stipularis (L.) Blume is a fruit-yielding climbing shrub native to Southern Asia and various parts of the plant have been used in traditional systems of medicines to treat a range of diseases. Proximate, mineral, phytochemical analysis of Bridelia stipularis fruit pericap and seeds were carried out in the present study to assess nutritiona...