Nimisha Bhaskar

Rohu (Labeo rohita) sauce was produced by enzy-matic and fermentative method using optimized conditions carried out through response surface method. Solar salt (20%, w/w) and commercial papain (3%, w/w) were used in the sauce produced by enzymatic method. The optimized conditions for fermentative production of sauce were 25% salt (w/ w), 7.5% sugar...

In this work, ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) conditions of umami compounds from Labeo rohita head (LRH) was optimised using the combination of fractional factorial design (FFD) and central composite design (CCD). Six factors that can potentially influence the degree of hydrolysis (DH), equivalent umami concentration (EUC), and extr...

This study deals with the production of natural fish flavouring using ultrasound-assisted heating process. The effect of ultrasound pretreatment at different amplitudes (0, 15, 30, and 45%) on the Maillard reaction rate, antioxidant activities, flavour profile, and sensory characteristics of fish flavouring was investigated. Results showed that son...

Effects of the pretreatments namely heating, microwave (MW), and ultrasound (US), followed by the enzymatic hydrolysis using different proteases (flavourzyme, neutrase, and protamex) on the protein recovery, umami taste compound content, and antioxidant activities of the Labeo rohita head (LRH) protein hydrolysate was investigated. US and MW pretre...

Effects of pretreatments, namely heating (HT), microwave (MW), and ultrasound (US) followed by the enzymatic extraction on extraction yield, fatty acid profile (FAP), oxidative stability, and rheological properties of oil from Labeo rohita head (LRH) were investigated. MW and US pretreatments showed higher oil recoveries ranged from 68.45 to 69.75%...

The present study was focused on extraction of gelatin from chicken feet using different food grade acids (acetic-, citric- and lactic-acid) at different concentrations. The gelatin thus obtained was evaluated for its physico-chemical properties. Gelatin yields in various acid treatments ranged between 6.18 and 14.47% on wet weight basis. The prote...

Fermented fish products are consumed by the ethnic people of northeast India as part of their daily diet and also play a significant role in their traditional life style beside some traditional beliefs regarding their health beneficial effects. Among these, fermented fish product prepared from Puntius sp. and Setipinna phasa, known as Shidal is mos...

Salt fermented fish hydrolysate (SFFH) was prepared from freshwater fish Rohu (Labeo rohita), an Indian major carp, using salt at room temperature for 50 days. Total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts of SFFH prepared using 20% and 30% NaCl (w/w) were found to be in the range of 5.83–7.25 log cfu/ml and 3.93–5.46 log cfu/ml, respectively, whereas th...

Abstract: Tanneries across the map dump a lot of waste into the environment which is a potential source of pollution. A lot of research is being carried out around the globe in converting this industrial waste into useful form as in biogas and biodiesel production, and also used fermentation for based enzyme production. Apart from this, TF is also...

Background: Like southeast Asian countries fermented fish is a well known strategy of food preservation in the northeast region of India. The northeastern region of India is known for its vast natural resources and a cauldron of different people and cultures, lie deep in the lap of easternmost Himalayan hills in northeastern part of India. Here the...

A sauce was produced by enzymatic and fermentative methods using the heads of freshwater fish rohu (Labeo rohita) with solar salt concentration of 25% (w/ w). Commercial papain (3%, w/w) was used for enzymatic hydrolysis and stored at room temperature for 120 d. Pediococcus pentosaceus FSBP 4-40 (10%, v/w) with the cell concentration of aproximatel...

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is a DNA virus of the genus Parvovirus of family Parvoviridae. It is the causative agent of many disease problems in pigs such as maternal reproductive failure, stillbirth, mummification, embryonic or fetal death, infertility, abortion and neonatal death. A study was conducted to assess the incidence of the virus in pigs in...

Purpose Delimed tannery fleshing (DTF) hydrolysates—obtained through acid hydrolysis and fermentation—have the potential for use in poultry and fish feed owing to their protein content and inherent biofunctionalities like antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The objective was to establish the safety of DTF hydrolysates for a possible use as fe...

Cow milk in infant and human nutrition is very significant. However, contamination of milk with aflatoxins is considered as a potential risk for human health. Aflatoxin is one of the major etiological factors in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and is also found in the milk of lactating animals which could have consumed it through contam...

Protein hydrolysates were prepared from chicken liver using fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis. The lactic acid bacteria Pediococcus acidilactici NCIM5368 was employed in the fermentation process and a commercial protease (Alcalase® 2.5) was used in enzymatic hydrolysis. Chicken liver hydrolysates prepared by fermentation (FCLH) and enzymatic hy...

Classical swine fever (CSF) is an economically important disease of pigs caused by CSF virus (CSFV) belonging to the genus Pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae. The disease is endemic in many countries including India. A comprehensive study was carried out to assess the type of CSFV circulating in the South Indian state of Kerala. During the p...

Like Southeast Asian countries fermented fish is a well known strategy of food preservation in the Northeast region of India. Shidals are mostly preferred salt-free fermented fish product amongst all. Chemical and microbial composition, antioxidative potential, fatty acid profile and proteins profile in gel electrophoresis of shidals were studied....

A deltamethrin containing insecticide formulation (Decis®) was evaluated for its toxic potential in developing chick embryos. For the present study, three water emulsified concentrations of Decis® (12.5 mg L−1, 25 mg L−1, and 50 mg L−1) were used. Fertilized eggs of Gallus domesticus were immersed in these three concentrations of the insecticide fo...

The aim of present work was to study the teratogenic potential of a commercial formulation of insecticide dicofol (Colonel-S) in the developing chick embryo. Fertilized eggs were immersed in aqueous emulsions of Colonel-S at the concentrations of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/L for 60 min at 37°C prior to incubation and kept for incubation till embryonic da...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of feeding fermentatively recovered fish oil (FFO) from fish processing waste (FPW), on the performance and carcass composition of broilers. A total of 60 one-d-old VenCobb® broiler chicks randomly assigned to 5 treatment groups were studied.The birds were randomly assigned to treatment group...

The present study aims to understand the influence of freeze-dried shrimp (Penaeus monodon) meat (SM) at different levels (2.5%, 5%, & 10%; w/w) in pasta processing. The rheological characteristics studies of SM-wheat flour blends indicated that dough stability increased with the increased addition of SM in the blends, whereas Farinograph water abs...

The teratogenicity of a commercial formulation of the insecticide Colonel-S containing Dicofol 18.5% EC (Emulsifiable Concentrate) as an active ingredient was evaluated in the developing foetus of mice. Colonel-S is a commercial insecticide used in agriculture and horticulture to control spider mites and soft bodied mites in apples, pears, soft fru...

In the present investigation, hepatotoxic effect of a commercially available insecticide formulation of dicofol (Colonel–S® 18.5% emulsified concentrate) was studied in the developing chick embryo. Fertilized eggs of Gallus domesticus were immersed in three different dose concentrations, i.e. 250, 500, and 1000 mg L−1 of Colonel–S on “0” and fourth...

Utilization of Fish Processing states that fish processing is an economical activity across the globe that generates substantial amount of solid waste, posing considerable disposal problems. This book offers an insight into the changing trends in methods for utilization of fish-processing wastes, especially to recover value-added biomolecules. The...

Effectiveness of fermentation using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for recovering lipids and proteins simultaneously from freshwater fish head (FWH) was evaluated. Three different proteolytic LAB (Pediococcus acidilactici NCIM5368, Enterococcus faecium NCIM5335 and Pediococcus acidilactici FD3) isolated from fish processing wastes were employed in the...

Studies on proximate, mineral, fatty and amino acid composition of edible Enteromorpha species, viz. Enteromorpha compressa, Enteromorpha linza and Enteromorpha tubulosa, collected from the Northwest coast of India, revealed for species-dependent nutrient composition variation. The present study showed a higher amount of sugar (51.05 ± 1.22%), prot...

Reverse micellar extraction (RME) was used for the separation and purification of bromelain from pineapple core and efficacy of RME purified bromelain (RMEB) in tenderization of beef meat was compared with that of commercial stem bromelain (CSB). RME resulted in reasonably high bromelain activity recovery (85.0 %) and purification fold (4.0). Reduc...

The present study relates to the food processing machinery and, more specifically machine for producing boneless comminuted meat from raw fish fillet. This machine is of belt and drum type meat bone separator designed for small scale fish processing in a continuous mode. The basic principal involved in this machine is compression force. The electri...

Streptococcus spp. are opportunistic pathogens that normally reside in the upper respiratory, intestinal, lower urinary, and genital tracts. The present paper describes the isolation of β-haemolytic streptococcal sp. from a closed wound of a bitch and analyses the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolate to different agents. Fluid material collecte...

Asperigillosis is a common disease of birds kept in captivity and Asperigillus fumigatus is frequently found in the affected birds. This paper analyses the current understanding of antifungal sensitivity of mould isolates to different antifungal agents and reviews the actual therapeutic and preventive strategies for invasive pulmonary asperigillosi...

In the present work, certain congenital effects induced by commercial formulations of two insecticides i.e. dicofol (Colonel-S®) and deltamethrin (Decis®) were illustrated in the developing chick embryo. Fertilized eggs of Gallus domesticus were immersed in three aqueous emulsions of each insecticide (250, 500 and 1000 mg L-1 of Colonel-S® and 12.5...

The effects of external exposure of chick (Gallus domesticus) eggs to dicofol and deltamethrin were examined using those commercial formulations which are used extensively throughout in India for the agricultural purposes. Fertilized eggs were immersed in various dose concentrations of each insecticide for 60 min at 37 ° C on prior to incubation, 4...

Methods currently used for the identification of the species to confirm the origin of meat or white tissue samples have not been validated for identification of different classes of vertebrates used for meat production, such as fishes, mammals and birds. Here, we describe an improved method for extraction, detection and differentiation of meat spec...

Animal and fish processing is an economical activity across the globe and generates substantial amount of solid waste that possess considerable disposal problems. Most of the chemical and physical methods recommended for treatment/utilization of these wastes are severe and hazardous when compared to biotechnological methods. Lactic acid fermentatio...

The teratogenicity of a commercial formulation of the insecticide deltamethrin (Decis®) in chick embryos was evaluated. Fertilized eggs of Gallus domesticus were immersed in aqueous emulsions of deltamethrin at concentrations of 12.5 mg L-1, 25 mg L-1 and 50 mg L-1 for 60 min at 37C on 4th day of incubation. Two control groups of eggs were used: On...

Lipids from different body components (head, meat and waste) of three commercial varieties of Indian marine fishes-Pink perch (Nemipterus japonicus), Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) and Indian oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps) were analyzed for lipid class distribution and fatty acid profile. Total lipid (TL) content was in the range of 4...

Effectiveness of fermentation using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for recovering lipids and proteins simultaneously from freshwater fish head (FWH) was evaluated. Three different proteolytic LAB (Pediococcus acidilactici NCIM5368, Enterococcus faecium NCIM5335 and Pediococcus acidilactici FD3) isolated from fish processing wastes were employed in the...

Proteolytic and/or lipolytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from visceral wastes of different fresh water fishes. LAB count was found to be highest in case of visceral wastes of Mrigal (5.88 log cfu/g) and lowest in that of tilapia (4.22 log cfu/g). Morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization of the selected LAB isolates wer...

Production of extracellular chitin deacetylase by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum ATCC 56676 under solid substrate fermentation was studied. The suitability of shrimp shell chitin waste (SSCW) and commercial wheat bran (CWB) was evaluated for maximal enzyme production. CWB medium (pH 6.4 ± 0.2) supplemented with chitosan favoured maximal chitin deace...

Fermentation using native lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was evaluated for its effectiveness in recovering lipids and proteins simultaneously from freshwater fish visceral waste (FVW). Five different LAB isolated from fish processing waste were employed in a fermentation process that involved 10% (w/w) glucose, 2% (w/w) NaCl, and 10% (v/w) LAB. Culture...

Lipid extracts from meat, head and viscera of Indian fresh water fishes, viz., catla, rohu, mrigal, common carp and tilapia were analyzed for lipid class distribution and fatty acid profile. The yield of meat ranged from 66.0-79.5% and total lipid content in meat was 0.8-3.8%. The total lipid content was higher (>4.0%) in head and viscera. Neutral...

Fish viscera are an important source for biomolecules such as protein and lipids. Studies were carried out to assess fermentation ensilaging as a method for recovery of oil from fresh water fish viscera. The total lipid content in the viscera ranged from 19% to 21% and upto 85% of this could be recovered by fermentation. Fermentation using added la...

The unique and phenomenal biodiversity of the marine environment makes seafoods, including marine macro/micro algae, a large a pool of novel and bioactive molecules apart from being nutritious food items. Till recently, marine nutraceuticals were largely limited to popular fish oils that afford n-3 fatty acids and of late to some carotenoids. Recen...

An ecofriendly method, involving mild organic acids to hydrolyse del med tannery fleshings (TF), has been developed. Combination of formic acid and propionic acid (1:1) was employed to obtain hydrolysates with higher degree of hydrolysis (DH). Better antioxidant properties were obtained by response surface method (RSM) using a factorial design. Eff...

Conditions for fermentation of delimed tannery fleshings--to obtain higher degree of protein hydrolysis and reasonably better antioxidant activity--using Enterococcus faecium HAB01 (GenBank #FJ418568) were optimized. Three independent variables--viz., inoculum level (X1), glucose level (X2) and fermentation time (X3)--were optimized using response...

This study aimed to develop pasta with Indian brown seaweed (Sargassum marginatum) as an ingredient to improve the biofunctional and nutritional qualities. Different levels of seaweed (1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0%; w/w) were substituted to obtain seaweed-incorporated pasta and pasta without seaweed was used as control. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl rad...

Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) is edible seaweed rich in fucoxanthin; whilst, pasta is an important dish from nutritional and gastronomic point of view. Pasta was prepared with wakame as an ingredient at different levels. In vitro antioxidant properties, total phenolic content, fatty acid composition, fucoxanthin and fucosterol contents formed the ma...

Conditions like, substrate level and incubation time at elevated temperature (37±1°C) for fermentation of fish waste by in situ lactic acid bacteria (LAB) using sugarcane molasses as source of sugar to obtain the desirable pH (≤3.8) were optimized by response surface methodology. The visceral wastes resulting from processing of freshwater carps (Ca...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species isolated from limed and delimed tannery fleshings (TF) were evaluated for their fermentation efficiency and antibacterial property. The native LAB isolates efficiently fermented TF and resulted in a fermented mass with antioxidant properties, indicating their potential for effective eco-friendly bioconversion of T...

This study aimed at comparing antioxidant potential of fucoxanthin (FUCO) with beta-carotene in relieving lipid peroxidation (Lpx) caused by retinol deficiency (RD) in rats. RD rats (n = 45) were fed a dose of either beta-carotene (0.81 mumol) or FUCO (0.83 mumol). Plasma and liver lipid peroxide levels and activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase...

This study aimed to develop pasta with Indian brown seaweed (Sargassum marginatum) as an ingredient to improve the biofunctional and nutritional qualities. Different levels of seaweed (1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0%; w/w) were substituted to obtain seaweed-incorporated pasta and pasta without seaweed was used as control. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl rad...

Protein hydrolysate was prepared from visceral waste proteins of an Indian freshwater major carp, Catla catla. Hydrolysis conditions (viz., time, temperature and enzyme to substrate level) for preparing protein hydrolysates from the fish visceral waste proteins using in situ pH of the visceral mass were optimized by response surface methodology (RS...

In vitro antioxidant activities of three selected Indian red seaweeds - viz., Euchema kappaphycus, Gracilaria edulis and Acanthophora spicifera were evaluated. Total phenolic content and reducing power of crude methanol extract were determined. The antioxidant activities of total methanol extract and five different solvent fractions (viz., petroleu...

In vitro antioxidant activities of three selected Indian brown seaweeds – viz., Sargassum marginatum, Padina tetrastomatica and Turbinaria conoides – were investigated. Total phenolic content and reducing power of crude methanolic extract were also investigated. The activity of total methanolic extract and five different fractions (viz., petroleum...

Protein hydrolysate was prepared from visceral waste proteins of Catla (Catla catla), an Indian freshwater major carp. Hydrolysis conditions (viz., time, temperature, pH and enzyme to substrate level) for preparing protein hydrolysates from the fish visceral waste proteins were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) using a factorial desig...

Seaweeds or macroalgae have been a source of food, feed and medicine in the orient as well as the West since ancient times. Being plants of unique structure and biochemical composition, seaweeds could be exploited for their multifunctional properties. They are sources of useful bioactive components like phycocolloids, proteins, vitamins, minerals,...