Nils Roar Sælthun

University of Oslo · Department of Geosciences

This book focuses on climate change and hydrological extremes, i.e. droughts and floods, which are globally important natural hazards with associated costly impacts on society and the environment. Floods and droughts result from the superposition of different processes at various space and time scales: physical processes in the atmosphere, catchmen...

The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) has been globally used for stormwater management. However, the calibration and evaluation of SWMM for historical rainfall–runoff events in partially separated and combined drainage systems is rarely reported in Norway. In this study, we employed SWMM for the Grefsen catchment in Oslo, Norway. The main problem...

A stormwater fee for Oslo? A computational approach to user financed climate readiness. Stormwater fee systems constitute a potential policy instrument for user financed climate readiness in Norwegian cities. Stormwater fees can contribute to operation and future maintenance requirements of stormwater networks and wastewater treatment required wit...

Located in Liwonde in the Southern Region of Malawi, Kamuzu Barrage is the only facility for regulation of water flow down Shire River, which has a major influence on water levels in Lake Malawi. In this article a hydrological model for optimized operation of the Kamuzu Barrage called the Kamuzu Barrage Operation Model (KABOM) is presented. This mo...

There has been a surge of interest in the field of urban flooding in recent years. However, current stormwater management models are often too complex to apply on a large scale. To fill this gap, we use a physically based and spatially distributed overland flow model, SIMulated Water Erosion (SIMWE). The SIMWE model requires only rainfall intensity...

Rain gauge networks are used to provide estimates of area average, spatial variability and point rainfalls at catchment scale and provide the most important input for hydrological models. Therefore, it is desired to design the optimal rain gauge networks with a minimal number of rain gauges to provide reliable data with both areal mean values and s...

This paper compares the original and bias corrected global gridded precipitation datasets, tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) and water and global change forcing data (WFD) with gauged precipitation and evaluates the usefulness of gridded precipitation datasets for hydrological simulations using the distributed soil and water assessment too...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to extract the characterized mineralization information from large numbers of data obtained from geologic exploration based on rough set; analyze the inherent relation between mineral information genes and metallogenic probability, and offer the scientific basis for target prediction. Design/methodology/approac...

The construction of digital valley engineering is a large complicated systems engineering and an important component of the information network construction in national "Digital Earth". Taking QingJiang valley as a pilot case, in-depth analysis on content, data peculiarity and present status of informatization of Qingjiang valley management being t...

Based on digital technology, flood routing simulation system development is an important component of "digital catchment". Taking QingJiang catchment as a pilot case, in-depth analysis on informatization of Qingjiang catchment management being the basis, aiming at catchment data's multi-source, - dimension, -element, -subject, -layer and -class fea...

Dynamically downscaled data from two Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models (AOGCMs), ECHAM4 from the Max-Planck Institute (MPI), Germany and HadAm3H from the Hadley Centre (HAD), UK, driven with two scenarios of greenhouse gas emissions (IS92a and A2, respectively) were used to make climate change projections. These projections were then used...

The lands surrounding the North Atlantic Region (the SCANNET Region) cover a wide range of climate regimes, physical environments and availability of natural resources. Except in the extreme North, they have supported human populations and various cultures since at least the end of the last ice age. However, the region is also important at a wider...

A distributed version of the HBV-model using 1 km² grid cells and daily time step was used to simulate runoff from the entire land surface of Norway for the period 1961-1990. The model was sensitive to changes in small scale properties of the land surface and the climatic input data, through explicit representation of differences between...

This report is mainly a review of sources for climate change assessments relevant for the SCANNET Region and presents a series of scenarios and results for the SCANNET Field Stations, besides presenting some general aspects of climate change modelling. The results presented are based both on GCM simulations and on the specific regional models cover...

Recurring extreme floods during recent decades [50] make many believe that the flood danger is greater today than ever before. Indeed, floods (and drought) cause more damage and kill more people than any other natural disaster [37, 25]. In what way has the situation become worse? Is it a result of more frequent floods with higher magnitude or is it...

Regional hydrological modelling or hydrological macro-modelling implies the repeated use of a model everywhere within a region using a global set of parameters. A majority of parameters of the macroscale hydrological model must be estimated, a priori, using existing climate, soil and vegetation data. Observations for calibration and validation of t...

Flood risk has usually been studied in natural sciences and engineering. Floods, being natural phenomena, represent a hazard only with respect to human society. Therefore “the human response component” is no less important in flood risk assessment than those components studied traditionally. This paper presents the results of a study of the percept...

The main objective of the research program Climate Change and Energy production has been to analyse the effects of a future global climate change on runoff regimes of the Nordic countries, and the subsequent impacts on the Nordic system for hydroelectric power production. The analysis is based on climate change scenarios with the warming ranging fr...

The Alta hydropower development and the bitter struggle around that scheme not only made a deep impact on Norwegian public debate, but also created interest and engagement far outside the borders of the country. One reason for this was that besides all the classic conflicts usually found in connection with hydropower development, it also encompasse...

A river flow regime, describing the average seasonal pattern of flow, reflects climatic and physiographic conditions in a basin. This average pattern can be stable, demonstrating the same seasonality in river flow from year to year, or unstable, when the flow regime alternates between a number of different seasonal patterns. Flow regime types have...

The paper describes the development of new procedures for flood estimation for dam design in Norway. It summarizes the regulations and recommendations for flood calculations set forth by 'The Norwegian Regulations for Planning, Construction and Operation of Dams' and the recent guidelines issued by the Hydrological Department of the Directorate of...

Global scenarios for climate change indicate changes in air temperature, precipitation and hence runoff in Norway. The predicted impacts will vary between regions, and will strongly affect running waters and their ecosystems. New hydrological regimes will lead to changes in physical processes in running waters and their ecosystem. We studied import...